CN115236805B - Optical fiber switching device for communication engineering - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of optical fiber connectors, and specifically to an optical fiber switching device used in communication engineering; it includes a connecting tube. The connecting tube includes a connecting part in the middle and plug-in parts on both sides. The size of the connecting part is larger than that of the plug-in part. The size of the connector, both sides of the connector are equipped with connectors that can be partially plugged and matched with it. The connectors are equipped with channels that can penetrate several optical fibers at the same time. When in use, the connectors that penetrate the optical fibers The connector is inserted into the plug-in part on the corresponding side. The plug-in part is provided with a fixed locking structure to fix the plug-in part. At the same time, the connecting pipe is provided with a seal to seal and fix the ends of the plug-in connector inside the two plug-in parts. component, the connecting part is provided with a connecting component that can be sealed and connected with the optical fibers in the plug-in parts on both sides; the invention transfers and clamps several optical fibers at the same time to ensure the stability of the optical fiber connection, and the entire operation is simple and the installation is convenient. Quickly achieve stable connection of multiple optical fibers.

Description

An optical fiber switching device used in communication engineering

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of optical fiber connectors, and in particular to an optical fiber switching device used in communication engineering.

Background technique

In the process of transferring and connecting optical paths, optical fiber transfer connectors need to be used. However, most of the optical fiber connectors in the existing technology can only connect a single or two optical fibers. With the development and progress of Internet technology, , single or two optical fiber connectors cannot meet the needs of large computer rooms or base stations. For example, the authorized publication number CN110824623A discloses a fiber optic adapter pin assembly, and this device cannot realize the transfer of multiple optical fibers. connection, and the protective components used do not have strong anti-seismic protection performance for the optical fiber, and the sealing effect of the optical fiber connection is poor. The optical fiber connection end is easily contaminated with dust, etc., and the data transmission is prone to large losses or unstable data transmission, and Most connection devices do not have the function of switching in a sealed space.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an optical fiber switching device for communication engineering.

The technical solution of the present invention is:

The invention provides an optical fiber switching device for communication engineering, which includes a connecting tube. The connecting tube includes a connecting part in the middle and plug-in parts on both sides. The size of the connection part is larger than the size of the plug-in part. Both sides of the connector are provided with plug connectors that can be partially plugged and matched with them. The plug connectors are equipped with channels that can penetrate several optical fibers at the same time. When in use, the plug connectors that penetrate the optical fibers are inserted into the corresponding side. In the plug-in part, the plug-in part is provided with a fixed locking structure to fix the plug-in part. At the same time, the connecting pipe is provided with a sealing component that seals and fixes the ends of the plug-in parts inside the two plug-in parts. The connecting part is provided with A connection component that can be sealed butt connected with the optical fibers in the plug-in parts on both sides.

Further, the plug-in connector includes a fixed tube and a rubber part. The rubber part is coaxial with the fixed tube. An annular first groove is opened on the periphery of the side of the rubber part close to the intubation tube. A hard shell is installed in the first groove. The outer circumference of the shell is flush with the outer circumference of the rubber part, and the rubber part and one end of the hard shell are both fixedly connected to the corresponding side end of the fixed tube, and the outer diameter of the fixed tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the plug-in part; the passage includes a first through hole, and the rubber There are a number of horizontal first through-holes evenly distributed in an annular shape with the axis as the center. The fixed tube is fixedly installed on the wire-passing tube corresponding to the first through-hole. The inner diameter of the wire-passing tube is larger than the inner diameter of the first through-hole. The optical fiber They can all pass through the wire pipe and the corresponding first through hole. The outer periphery of the rubber part corresponding to each first through hole adopts an arc shape with a convex surface facing outward. The middle part of the end of the rubber part away from the fixed part is provided with For coaxial blind holes, the inner side of the blind hole corresponding to each first through hole adopts an arc shape with a concave surface facing outward, and the outer end size of the blind hole is smaller than the inner end size.

Further, the connection component includes a box fixedly installed in the connection part through a connecting rod. Horizontal second through holes corresponding to the first through holes are opened on both sides of the box close to the plug part. They are all equipped with connectors that contact and mate with them. The two corresponding connectors on both sides of the box are connected through soft optical fibers. The length of the soft optical fiber is greater than the width of the box, and the length of the connector is greater than the corresponding third connector. The length of the two through holes, the elastic sealing cover is fixedly installed between the inner end of the connector and the inner end of the second through hole on the corresponding side. The inside of the box is in a negative pressure state, and the connection part is provided so that all the connectors are evenly spaced. The driving exhaust structure that moves outward along the corresponding second through hole can discharge the air in the connection part under the action of the driving exhaust structure and realize the docking of the connector with the optical fiber on the corresponding side.

Further, the sealing component includes an annular sealing ring fixedly installed on the side of the plug-in part close to the connecting part. The inner structure of the sealing ring corresponds to the outer peripheral structure of the inner end of the rubber part, and the size of one end of the inner side of the sealing ring close to the connecting part is smaller than the size of the other end. , the size of the end of the rubber part away from the fixed tube is smaller than the size of the other end, and the rubber part can be inserted into the corresponding sealing ring and sealed and extruded to fit with it.

Furthermore, the extrusion blocks are fixedly installed on both sides of the middle of the corresponding plug-in part of the box through connecting rods. The outer peripheral structure of the extrusion rod corresponds to the inner structure of the blind hole one by one, and the extrusion blocks can be inserted into the corresponding side. The blind hole is sealed and extruded to fit with it, and the size of the end of the extrusion block away from the box body is smaller than the size of the other end.

Furthermore, the fixed locking structure includes a sleeve placed on the outside of the outer end of the plug-in part. The end of the sleeve away from the connection part is located outside the plug-in part on the corresponding side. The end of the sleeve away from the connection part is provided with internal threads on the inside. , the outer side of the end of the fixed tube close to the rubber part is provided with external threads, and the fixed tube and the casing on the corresponding side can be threaded.

Furthermore, the driving exhaust assembly includes an annular groove. An annular groove is provided on the outside of the plug portion near one side of the connecting portion. A vertical third through hole is provided in the annular groove to communicate with the inside of the connecting portion. An annular groove is provided on one side of the connecting portion. A fourth through hole communicates with the inside of the annular groove. The fourth through hole is located above the third through hole. A hose is provided in the annular groove. The inner end of the hose extends into the third through hole and the outer periphery is fixedly connected to the third through hole. The inner wall of the through hole, the inner end of the hose is flush with the inner end of the third through hole, the outer end of the hose is wrapped around the annular groove and penetrates the fourth through hole and is located outside the connection part, the outer end of the hose is fixedly installed with a valve, and the size of the valve is larger than the third through hole. Four-through hole size; an annular coil is installed on the outside of the connecting part, and the rotating joints between the coil and the connecting part are located on both sides of the outer end of the annular groove. Several third grooves are evenly distributed in an annular shape on the inside of the coil. The third groove is equipped with balls that match the ball socket. The outer ends of the balls extend into the annular groove and completely flatten the corresponding parts of the hose. The connecting part is also equipped with a device to fix the coil so that it does not rotate. Defined structure.

Furthermore, the limiting structure includes a fourth bracket fixedly installed on one side of the top of the connecting portion. The fourth bracket is located on one side of the coil. A horizontal bolt is provided on the side of the fourth bracket away from the coil. The bolt is close to one end of the coil. It penetrates the fourth bracket and is threaded with it. A rubber push block is fixedly installed at one end of the spiral close to the coil. The rubber push block can cooperate with the corresponding side push of the coil.

The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

The invention adopts the special structure of the rubber part to cooperate with the sealing ring and the extrusion block, so that each optical fiber is pushed by the sealing ring and the extrusion block at the same time, so that the inner end of the rubber part is extruded and multiple optical fibers are clamped at the same time. Tightly fixed, it can not only effectively prevent the optical fiber from rotating or rotating along the axial direction, but also ensure the stability of the optical fiber connection. At the same time, the entire operation is simple, the installation is convenient, and the stable connection of multiple optical fibers can be quickly realized; at the same time, the invention is provided in the connecting part The soft optical fiber and the connector are used to achieve a sealed butt connection between the two optical fibers. The pressure difference is used to maintain the butt connection state between the soft optical fiber and the optical fibers at both ends, effectively improving the anti-seismic performance of the optical fiber connection; at the same time, the inside of the connection part is During the air extraction process, dust in the air is extracted as much as possible, and the connection is kept sealed through the squeeze of the valve and the ball on the hose to ensure the purity of the environment at the optical fiber transfer connection, effectively ensuring the transmission efficiency of the optical fiber, and at the same time Optical fiber connection and removal operations are very convenient and fast, and the operation is simple.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view along the A-A section line in FIG. 1 .

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of part I in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of part II in Figure 1.

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of part III in Figure 1.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or a specific orientation. construction and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations of the invention. Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second” and “third” are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

It should be noted that when a component is said to be "mounted on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may also be an intermediate component present. When a component is said to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or there may be a centered component at the same time. When a component is said to be "anchored" to another component, it can be directly anchored to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present as well.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used herein, the term "or/and" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides an optical fiber switching device for communication engineering, including a connecting tube 1. The connecting tube 1 is divided into a middle connecting part 2 and plug-in parts 3 at both ends. The connecting part 2 The inner diameter and outer diameter are respectively larger than the inner diameter and outer diameter of the plug-in part 3 .

The outside of the plug-in part 3 is provided with plug-in parts that can be plugged and matched with it. The plug-in parts include a coaxially arranged hard fixed tube 5 and a rubber part 6. The outer diameter of the fixed tube 5 is larger than the plug-in part 3 The inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the plug-in part 3, so the fixed tube 5 cannot be inserted into the plug-in part 3 on the corresponding side.

The rubber part 6 is provided with a plurality of horizontal first through holes 9 that are evenly distributed in an annular shape with its axis as the center. The fixed tube 5 is fixedly installed in the first through holes 9 with one-to-one corresponding and connected wire tubes 8. The wire tubes The inner diameter of 8 is larger than the inner diameter of first through hole 9, so that the optical fiber penetrates through the line tube 8 and the first through hole 9 from the side of the fixed tube 5, and the outer periphery of the optical fiber is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the first through hole 9, so that the optical fiber is fixed in the first through hole 9.

One end of the rubber part 6 close to the fixed tube 5 has a first groove surrounding its outer circumference, and a hard shell 7 is fixedly installed in the first groove. The outer circumference of the hard shell 7 is flush with the outer circumference of the rubber part 6, and the rubber part 6 and the hard shell are The outer end of the shell 7 is fixedly connected to the corresponding end of the fixed tube 5. The rubber part 6 and the outer periphery of the hard shell 7 can be sealed and plugged into the plug-in part 3, as shown in Figure 3. In this way, through the fixed tube 5 and the hard tube 7. Support the rubber part 6 so that the rubber part 6 can be inserted into the plug-in part 3 on the corresponding side. When the rubber part 6 is inserted into the plug-in part 3 on the corresponding side, the convex surface of the rubber part 6 contacts and fits with the inner wall of the plug-in part 3.

The outer periphery of the rubber part 6 corresponding to the first through holes 9 is in an arc shape with a convex surface facing outward. A blind hole 11 is provided in the middle of one end of the rubber part 6 close to the plug part 3. The blind hole 11 corresponds to the position of each first through hole 9. They are all arc-shaped with a concave surface facing outward, as shown in Figure 2. At the same time, the size of one end of the blind hole 11 close to the fixed tube 5 is smaller than the size of the other end, and the size of the end of the rubber part 6 close to the plug part 3 is smaller than the size of the other end. , as shown in Figure 1, the inner end of the plug-in part 3 close to the connecting part 2 is fixed with a sealing ring 10 with a wedge surface on the inner side. The shape of the inner side of the rubber ring 10 corresponds to the shape of the rubber part 6, and the inner side of the rubber ring 10 is close to The size of one end of the connecting part 2 is smaller than the size of the other end, the rubber part 6 can be inserted into the sealing ring 10 , and the wedge surface of the rubber part 6 can be plugged and fitted with the inner side of the sealing ring 10 .

The box body 13 is fixedly installed in the connecting part 2 through the connecting rod 12. Horizontal second through holes 14 corresponding to the first through holes 9 are respectively opened on both sides of the box body 13. Hard materials are provided in the second through holes 14. The connectors 15, the two corresponding connectors 15 on both sides of the box 13 are connected through a soft optical fiber 16, and the length of the soft optical fiber 16 is greater than the lateral width of the box 13, and the length of the connector 15 is greater than the corresponding The length of the second through hole 14, the elastic sealing cover 17 is fixedly installed between the inner end outer side of the connector 15 and the inner end outer side of the second through hole 14 on the corresponding side, and the inside of the box body 13 is in a negative pressure state, that is, the initial state When , the outer end of the connector 15 is located inside the corresponding second through hole 14 .

Elastic extrusion blocks 18 are fixedly installed on both sides of the box body 13 through connecting rods. The extrusion blocks 18 correspond to the structure of the blind hole 11, as shown in Figure 2, and the size of the outer end of the extrusion block 18 is smaller than that near the connection part. The dimensions of the two ends are such that the structure of the extrusion block 18 corresponds to the structure of the blind hole 11 of the rubber part 6 on the corresponding side. When in use, the rubber part 6 is inserted into the corresponding plug part 3, and at the same time the blind hole 11 is sleeved in the corresponding The outer circumference of the extrusion block 18 is pressed from the middle to the outside, and at the same time, the rubber part 6 is extruded from the outside to the inside by the sealing ring 10 on the outer periphery, so that the rubber part 6 is plugged into the The insertion of the part 3 is more stable, and the connection part 2 is sealed by the pressing of the sealing ring 10 on the rubber part 6 .

The outer ends of the plug-in parts 3 are equipped with sleeves 19 that are rotationally connected to them. The outer ends of the sleeves 19 are located outside the corresponding plug-in parts 3. Internal threads are provided on the inner sides of the outer ends of the sleeves 19. At the same time, The outer side of the end of the fixed tube 5 close to the rubber part 6 is provided with an external thread, as shown in Figure 3. In this way, when using it, first insert all parts of the rubber part 6 into the plug-in part 3 on the corresponding side, and then rotate the sleeve 19 Through the threaded connection between the sleeve 19 and the fixed tube 5 , the fixed tube 5 can push the corresponding rubber part 6 to move toward the inside of the plug-in part 3 on the corresponding side, thereby pushing the rubber part 6 into the corresponding plug-in part 3 inside, and during this process, the blind hole 11 is gradually sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding extrusion block 18, thereby fixing the corresponding rubber part 6.

An annular groove 20 with an arc-shaped cross section is provided on the outer periphery of the plug-in part 3 on one side of the connecting part 2. A vertical third through hole is provided at the inner bottom of the annular groove 20 and communicates with the inside of the connecting part 2. On the side of the annular groove 20 The wall is provided with a horizontal fourth through hole that communicates with its interior. The fourth through hole is located above the third through hole. A hose 21 is provided outside the annular groove 20. The inner end of the hose 21 extends into the third through hole and is connected to the third through hole. The inner wall is fixedly connected, the inner end of the hose 21 extends into the inside of the connecting part 2, and the inner end of the hose 21 is flush with the inner end of the third through hole, and the outer end of the hose 21 wraps around the annular groove 20 and penetrates the fourth through hole. Located outside the connecting part 2, a valve is fixedly installed on the outer end of the hose 21, and the size of the valve is larger than the size of the fourth through hole, as shown in Figure 5.

The coil 22 is rotatably installed on the outside of the annular groove 20. The rotation joints of the coil 22 are respectively located on both sides of the outer end of the annular groove 20. A plurality of third grooves 24 distributed in an annular shape are provided on the inside of the coil 22. The grooves 24 are equipped with balls 25 that match the ball sockets. The balls 25 completely flatten the hose 21 in the annular groove 20, as shown in Figure 5. In this way, the balls 25 press the hose 21 on both sides. To seal, when the coil 22 is rotated forward, the valve opens, allowing the ball 25 to roll and squeeze the hose 21, thereby pushing the hose 21 through the rolling and squeezing of the ball 25, and the air inside the connecting part 2 can be extracted. And it is discharged to the outside through the valve, so that the internal pressure of the connecting part 2 is reduced, so that the air pressure of the connecting part 2 is lower than the pressure inside the box 13 , so that the connecting head 15 moves outward along the corresponding second through hole 14 .

The top of the connecting part 2 is also provided with a limiting structure that locks the coil 22 to prevent it from rotating. One implementation of the limiting structure is that a fourth bracket 26 is fixedly installed on one side of the top surface of the connecting part 2. The fourth bracket 26 is located on the coil. 22 side, the outside of the first bracket 26 is provided with a bolt 27 perpendicular to it. The end of the bolt 27 close to the coil 22 penetrates the fourth bracket 26 and is threadedly connected to it. The end of the screw 27 close to the coil 22 is fixed with a rubber push block. 28. The rubber push block 28 can contact and cooperate with the corresponding side of the coil 22, so that the bolt 27 moves horizontally along the fourth bracket 26. When the coil 22 needs to be rotated, the bolt 27 is rotated so that the rubber push block 28 and the coil 22 The corresponding sides are separated. When the coil 22 needs to be limited, the bolt 27 is rotated so that the rubber push block 28 pushes up the coil 22. The rubber push block 28 and the bolt 27 push up the coil 22 and the rubber push block 28 and the screw are pushed up. The friction between the tubes 22 keeps the coil 22 stationary.

Working principle: In the initial state, the inside of the connecting part 2 is in a negative pressure state, the outer ends of the connectors 5 are located in the corresponding second through holes 14, and the connecting ends of the array of optical fibers that need to be connected are put in the process. The optical fibers obtained are all sheathed optical fibers, and a hard protective shell is fixed on the outside of the connecting end. The length of the protective shell is greater than the sum of the lengths of the fixed part and the rubber part. At the same time, the connecting end of the optical fiber is equipped with a hard protective shell on the outside. There is a butt joint fixedly connected to the protective shell, and the hard protective shell can protect the optical fiber through the butt joint of the optical fiber connection end; when in use, the optical fiber penetrates through the connecting tube 8 and the first through hole 9 on the corresponding side in sequence. And extend to the outside of the rubber part 6, that is, the protective shell is located inside the connecting pipe 8 and the first through hole 9, as shown in Figure 1, and then partially insert the rubber part 6 into the plug part 3 on the corresponding side, and rotate it The sleeve 19 pushes both the fixed tube 5 and the rubber part 6 toward the connecting part 2, so that the outer end of the connecting part 6 is inserted into the inside of the sealing ring 10 on the corresponding side, and the blind hole 11 of the rubber part 6 is sleeved on the corresponding side. The outside of the pressing block 18 on the side, so that the pressing block 18 and the sealing ring 10 press the outside of the end of the rubber part 6, not only can the optical fiber inside the rubber part 6 be fixed, but also the corresponding first through hole can be fixed 9 is squeezed (that is, even if the inner end of the rubber part 6 is squeezed under the support of the protective case, the optical fiber will not be damaged, but the inner side of the first through hole 9 will be in closer contact with the outer side of the protective case), and connect the connecting part 2 Carry out sealing, open the valve, and then rotate the coil 22 in the forward direction and roll, squeeze and push the hose 21 through the balls 25 to extract as much air as possible from the inside of the connecting part 2, and then generate a negative pressure inside the connecting part 2 , and the pressure inside the connecting part 2 is less than the pressure inside the box 13, so that the connector 15 moves outward along the corresponding second through hole 14 and docks with the butt joint of the optical fiber connection end on the corresponding side, and due to the hose There is a valve at the outer end of 21. The valve is closed and the ball 25 can completely flatten and seal the hose 21 in a multi-point manner, thereby maintaining the sealing state in the connection part 2 and ensuring a stable connection of the optical fiber. The air inside the connection part 2 is During the extraction process, the dust floating inside the connection part 2 will also be discharged with the air, reducing the dust content inside the connection part. The less dust and other impurities at the optical fiber connection, that is, the purer the environment at the optical fiber connection, the better the connection effect. , the better the propagation effect of the optical signal, the lower the signal loss; when it is necessary to disconnect the optical fiber, just open the valve and reversely rotate the coil 22, so that the external air can enter the connecting part 2, making the connection The pressure in the part 2 increases, so the connector 15 moves inward along the corresponding second through hole 14 under the negative pressure inside the box 12, so that the butt joint of the optical fiber and the connector 15 are automatically disconnected. At this time, The sleeve 15 can be rotated in the opposite direction to push out the fixed tube 5 and the rubber part 6, thereby taking out the optical fiber.

The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An optical fiber switching device for communication engineering, characterized in that it includes a connecting tube. The connecting tube includes a connecting part in the middle and plug-in parts on both sides. The size of the connection part is larger than the size of the plug-in part. , both sides of the plug-in part are provided with plug-in parts that can be partially plugged and matched with it. The plug-in parts are equipped with channels that can penetrate several optical fibers at the same time. When in use, the plug-in parts that penetrate the optical fibers are inserted into the corresponding In the plug-in part on the side, the plug-in part is provided with a fixed locking structure to fix the plug-in parts. At the same time, the connecting pipe is provided with a sealing component to seal and fix the ends of the plug-in parts inside the two plug-in parts. The connection part There is a connection component that can be sealed butt connected with the optical fibers in the plug-in parts on both sides; the fixed locking structure includes a sleeve set on the outside of the outer end of the plug-in part, and the end of the sleeve away from the connection part is located on the corresponding side. Outside the plug-in part, the inner side of the end of the casing away from the connecting part is provided with internal threads, and the outer side of the end of the fixed pipe close to the rubber part is provided with external threads. The fixed pipe and the casing on the corresponding side can all be threaded; The plug-in connector includes a fixed tube and a rubber part. The rubber part is coaxial with the fixed tube. An annular first groove is opened on the outer periphery of the rubber part close to the intubation tube. A hard shell is installed in the first groove. The outer periphery of the rubber part is flush, and one end of the rubber part and the hard shell are both fixedly connected to the corresponding side end of the fixed tube, and the outer diameter of the fixed tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the plug-in part; the passage includes a first through hole, and the rubber part is provided with several There are annular and evenly distributed horizontal first through holes with the axis as the center, and the fixed tubes are fixedly installed on the wire passing tubes corresponding to the first through holes. The inner diameter of the wire passing tube is larger than the inner diameter of the first through hole, and the optical fibers can penetrate Through the wire tube and the corresponding first through holes, the outer periphery of the rubber part corresponding to each first through hole adopts an arc shape with a convex surface facing outward, and the middle part of the end of the rubber part away from the fixed part is provided with a coaxial Blind holes, the inner side of the blind hole corresponding to each first through hole adopts an arc shape with a concave surface facing outward, and the outer end size of the blind hole is smaller than the inner end size; the connecting component includes a connecting rod fixedly installed in the connecting part The box body has horizontal second through-holes corresponding to the first through-holes on both sides of the box body close to the plug-in part. The second through-holes are provided with connectors that contact and cooperate with them. Both sides of the box body The two corresponding connectors are connected through a soft optical fiber. The length of the soft optical fiber is greater than the width of the box. The length of the connector is greater than the length of the corresponding second through hole. The outside of the inner end of the connector and the corresponding side Elastic sealing covers are fixedly installed between the inner ends of the second through holes and the outer ends of the second through holes. The inside of the box is in a negative pressure state. The connection part is provided with a driving exhaust structure that causes all connectors to move outward along the corresponding second through holes. , under the action of the driving exhaust structure, the air in the connection part can be discharged while realizing the docking of the connector with the optical fiber on the corresponding side; the sealing component includes an annular sealing ring fixedly installed on the side of the plug-in part close to the connection part, The inner structure of the sealing ring corresponds to the inner and outer peripheral structure of the rubber part, and the size of the end of the inner side of the sealing ring close to the connecting part is smaller than the size of the other end. The size of the end of the rubber part away from the fixed tube is smaller than the size of the other end. The rubber part can be inserted into the corresponding sealing ring. The extrusion block is fixedly installed on both sides of the middle part of the corresponding plug-in part of the box body through connecting rods, and the outer peripheral structure of the extrusion rod corresponds to the inner structure of the blind hole one by one, and the extrusion block is The pressing blocks can be inserted into the blind holes on the corresponding sides to seal and squeeze with each other. The size of the end of the extrusion block away from the box body is smaller than the size of the other end. 2. An optical fiber switching device for communication engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving exhaust structure includes an annular groove, and an annular opening is provided outside the plug portion near one side of the connecting portion. The annular groove has a vertical third through hole that communicates with the inside of the connecting portion, and a fourth through hole is formed on one side of the connecting portion that communicates with the inside of the annular groove. The fourth through hole is located above the third through hole. There is a hose in the groove. The inner end of the hose extends into the third through hole and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the third through hole. The inner end of the hose is flush with the inner end of the third through hole. The outer end of the hose is wrapped around the annular concave. The groove runs through a fourth through hole and is located on the outside of the connecting part. A valve is fixedly installed on the outer end of the hose. The size of the valve is larger than the size of the fourth through hole. An annular coil is rotatably installed on the outside of the connecting part. The rotating connection between the coil and the connecting part is respectively Located on both sides of the outer end of the annular groove, there are several third grooves evenly distributed in an annular shape on the inside of the coil. Balls matching the ball sockets are installed in the third grooves, and the outer ends of the balls extend into the annular groove. And the corresponding part of the hose is completely flattened, and the connecting part is also provided with a limiting structure to fix the coil so that it does not rotate. 3. An optical fiber switching device for communication engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: the limiting structure includes a fourth bracket fixedly installed on one side of the top of the connecting part, and the fourth bracket is located on the rotating On one side of the tube, the fourth bracket is provided with a horizontal bolt on the side away from the coil. The end of the bolt close to the coil runs through the fourth bracket and is threaded with it. The end of the screw close to the coil is fixed with a rubber push block. The rubber push block Can be matched with the corresponding side push of the spiral pipe.