CN115235963A - Self-correcting linear air suction type smoke detector - Google Patents

Self-correcting linear air suction type smoke detector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115235963A
CN115235963A CN202210576423.2A CN202210576423A CN115235963A CN 115235963 A CN115235963 A CN 115235963A CN 202210576423 A CN202210576423 A CN 202210576423A CN 115235963 A CN115235963 A CN 115235963A
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gas
smoke
detector
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air
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王博强
齐跃
张义勇
李成
姜健
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703th Research Institute of CSIC
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2273—Atmospheric sampling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/24—Suction devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/075—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by optical means

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of smoke detectors, and particularly relates to a self-correcting linear air suction type smoke detector. The invention monitors the pressure conditions of each position in the gas circuit of the detector by arranging a plurality of groups of gas flow and temperature sensor combinations in the main gas circuit of the detector and the smoke detection cavity; according to the monitoring result, the rotating speed of the air suction fan and the opening degrees of the two gas path opening degree actuators arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet of the smoke detection cavity are adjusted, so that the pressure in the sampling gas path of the detector is kept balanced, and the smoke concentration detection line of the detector is linear. The invention has the self-correcting function after the background signal is shifted. The robustness, the reliability and the false alarm resistance of the air suction type smoke detector are effectively improved, and the accuracy of smoke concentration detection is improved.

Description

Self-correcting linear air suction type smoke detector
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of smoke detectors, and particularly relates to a self-correcting linear air suction type smoke detector.
Background
No open fire is generated in the initial stage of fire occurrence, only a small amount of combustible substances are in a smoldering state, and smoke particles with extremely low concentration are generated. The traditional point type smoke detector can only detect smoke with certain concentration and does not react to smoke particles with extremely low concentration at the initial stage of a fire. Therefore, there is a need for an aspirating smoke detector that can detect smoke particles at very low concentrations, and detect and warn of very early fires.
Most of the existing air-breathing smoke detectors in the market only have basic sampling detection capability on air samples, and do not have a self-correcting function. When the light source (laser tube or infrared light source) used for smoke detection in the detector is increased along with the use time, light attenuation occurs, or impurities such as dust are attached to the detection cavity of the detector, so that the background signal of the detector in the initial state is changed. The detection line of the smoke concentration can be changed by the detector, so that the detection precision of the detector is influenced and even false alarm occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-correcting linear air suction type smoke detector, which keeps the pressure in a sampling air path of the detector balanced by controlling the pressure in the sampling air path of the detector, so that a smoke concentration detection line of the detector is linear.
A self-correcting linear air suction type smoke detector comprises a detector main air path and a smoke concentration detection cavity; a sampling air inlet and a sampling air outlet are formed in the main air path of the detector, and an air suction fan is arranged in the main air path of the detector; the gas inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity is connected with the sampling gas inlet through a gas inlet hose, and the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity is connected with the sampling gas outlet through a gas outlet hose;
a photosensitive diode, a detection light source and a light blocking column are arranged in the smoke concentration detection cavity, light rays emitted by the detection light source are blocked by the light blocking column in a smoke-free state, and only a few light rays can irradiate the photosensitive diode through the light blocking column to form a background signal; with the increase of the smoke concentration, the reflection and refraction degrees of the light emitted by the detection light source in the smoke are increased, and the signals received by the photosensitive diode are increased;
gas path opening actuators are respectively arranged at the gas inlet and the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity; a plurality of groups of gas flow and temperature sensor groups are arranged in the main gas circuit and the smoke concentration detection cavity of the detector and are used for monitoring the pressure conditions of all positions, and the rotating speed of the air suction fan and the opening degree of a gas circuit opening actuator arranged at the gas inlet and the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity are adjusted according to monitoring results, so that the pressure in the sampling gas circuit of the detector is kept balanced.
Further, the sampling air inlet is arranged near an air outlet of the main air path of the detector; and the sampling air outlet is arranged near the air inlet of the main air path of the detector.
Further, the detection light source is arranged at the bottom of the smoke concentration detection cavity and is positioned below the air inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity; the photosensitive diode is arranged at the top of the smoke concentration detection cavity and is positioned on the side of the air outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity.
Furthermore, a first gas flow and temperature sensor group is arranged at the air inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity and used for detecting the flow rho of the gas entering the air inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity 1 And temperature T 1 (ii) a A fourth gas flow and temperature sensor group is arranged at the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity and used for detecting the flow rho of the gas flowing out of the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity 3 And temperature T 3 (ii) a In the smoke concentration detection cavity, a second gas flow and temperature sensor group is arranged near the gas inlet, a third gas flow and temperature sensor group is arranged near the gas outlet, and two groups of flow rho of gas in the smoke detection cavity are respectively measured θ1 、ρ θ2 And two sets of temperatures T θ1 、T θ2 (ii) a A fifth gas flow and temperature sensor group is arranged at the gas inlet of the main gas path of the detector and is used for detecting the flow rho of gas flowing into the main gas path of the detector IN And a temperature value T IN (ii) a A seventh gas flow and temperature sensor group is arranged at the gas outlet of the main gas path of the detector and used for detecting the flow rho of the gas flowing out of the main gas path of the detector OUT And a temperature value T OUT (ii) a A sixth gas flow and temperature sensor group is arranged at the sampling gas outlet and used for detecting the flow rho of gas flowing back to the main gas circuit of the detector 2 And a temperature value T 2 (ii) a An eighth gas flow and temperature are arranged at the sampling gas inletA degree sensor group for detecting the flow rate rho of gas flowing into the sampling gas inlet 4 And a temperature value T 4 。
Further, the method for adjusting the rotating speed of the suction fan comprises the following steps:
step 101: starting an air suction fan;
step 102: the fifth gas flow and temperature sensor group detects the flow rho of the gas flowing into the main gas path of the detector IN And a temperature value T IN ；
Step 103: a seventh gas flow and temperature sensor group detects the flow rho of the gas flowing out of the main gas circuit of the detector OUT And a temperature value T OUT ；
Step 104: the sixth gas flow and temperature sensor group detects the flow rho of the gas flowing back to the main gas circuit of the detector from the sampling gas outlet 2 And a temperature value T 2 ；
Step 105: the eighth gas flow and temperature sensor group detects the flow rho of the gas flowing into the smoke concentration detection cavity from the sampling gas inlet 4 And a temperature value T 4 ；
Step 106: the pressure at four locations is calculated:
Figure BDA0003662296010000021
wherein, P IN The pressure of the gas flowing into the main gas path of the detector; p 2 Is the pressure of the gas flowing into the sampling gas outlet; p is 4 Is the pressure of the gas flowing into the sampling gas inlet; p OUT Is the pressure of the gas flowing out of the main gas path of the detector; r is the characteristic constant of the smoke airflow;
step 107: calculating the average pressure of the gas at the sampling gas inlet
Figure BDA0003662296010000022
Average pressure of sampling gas outlet
Figure BDA0003662296010000023
Figure BDA0003662296010000031
Step 108: if it is
Figure BDA0003662296010000032
Then the current rotating speed omega of the air suction fan 0 Invariable, the current rotating speed omega of the air suction fan is output 0 (ii) a Otherwise, go to step 109;
step 109: if it is
Figure BDA0003662296010000033
Then the current rotational speed omega of the suction fan is reduced 0 And returning to the step 102;
if it is
Figure BDA0003662296010000034
The current rotation speed omega of the suction fan is increased 0 And returns to step 102.
Further, the method for adjusting the first gas path opening actuator at the gas inlet and the second gas path opening actuator at the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection chamber comprises the following steps:
step 201: setting the opening of the second gas path opening actuator as an initial value
Figure BDA0003662296010000035
Setting the opening degree of the first gas path opening degree actuator as an initial value
Figure BDA0003662296010000036
Step 202: the first gas flow and temperature sensor group detects the flow rho of gas entering the gas inlet of the smoke detection cavity 1 And temperature T 1 ；
Step 203: the second gas flow and temperature sensor group detects the flow rho of the gas in the smoke detection cavity θ1 And temperature T θ1 (ii) a The third gas flow and temperature sensor group detects the flow rho of the gas in the smoke detection cavity θ2 And temperature T θ2 ；
Step 204:the fourth gas flow and temperature sensor group detects the flow rho of the gas at the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity 3 And temperature T 3 ；
Step 205: the pressure at four locations is calculated:
Figure BDA0003662296010000037
wherein, P 1 Is the pressure of the gas entering the gas inlet of the smoke detection chamber; p θ1 、P θ2 The pressure of the gas in the smoke detection cavity is measured; p 3 The pressure of the gas flowing out of the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity;
step 206: calculating the average pressure of the gas in the smoke detection chamber
Figure BDA0003662296010000038
Figure BDA0003662296010000039
Step 207: if it is
Figure BDA00036622960100000310
Reducing the opening degree of the second gas path opening degree actuator and returning to the step 202; otherwise, go to step 208;
Figure BDA00036622960100000311
wherein beta is a damping coefficient of the gas path opening actuator;
step 208: if it is
Figure BDA00036622960100000312
Increasing the opening degree of the second gas path opening degree actuator and returning to the step 202; otherwise, go to step 209;
Figure BDA0003662296010000041
step 209: if it is
Figure BDA0003662296010000042
Decreasing the opening degree of the first air path opening degree actuator and returning to step 202; otherwise, go to step 210;
Figure BDA0003662296010000043
step 210: if it is
Figure BDA0003662296010000044
Increasing the opening degree of the first air path opening degree actuator and returning to the step 202; otherwise, go to step 211;
Figure BDA0003662296010000045
step 211: and finishing the regulation and measuring the smoke concentration.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention monitors the pressure conditions of each position in the gas circuit of the detector by arranging a plurality of groups of gas flow and temperature sensor combinations in the main gas circuit of the detector and the smoke detection cavity; according to the monitoring result, the rotating speed of the air suction fan and the opening degrees of the two gas path opening degree actuators arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet of the smoke detection cavity are adjusted, so that the pressure in the sampling gas path of the detector is kept balanced, and the smoke concentration detection line of the detector is linear. The invention has the self-correcting function after the background signal is drifted. The robustness, the reliability and the false alarm resistance of the air suction type smoke detector are effectively improved, and the accuracy of smoke concentration detection is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of a self-correcting linear aspirated smoke detector of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the smoke detecting unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic layout of the airflow sensor group and the opening actuator in the smoke detection chamber according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the air flow sensor set of the air inlet and the sampling air outlet of the main air path of the detector in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the airflow sensor sets of the main gas path outlet and the sampling inlet of the detector according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a rotational speed adjustment method of an intake fan in the present invention.
Figure 7 is a flow chart of the smoke detection chamber airflow pressure balance adjustment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the self-calibration process of the present invention after the smoke concentration detection line drifts.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a self-correcting linear air-breathing smoke detector. The air of the protection area is aspirated and sampled, smoke particles with ultralow concentration are detected in the collected air sample, and fire early warning is carried out when the smoke concentration in the air sample is detected to exceed a threshold value. The method is mainly used for extremely early detection and early warning of fire.
Aiming at keeping the pressure in the sampling gas path of the detector balanced, a plurality of groups of gas flow and temperature sensor combinations are arranged in the main gas path and the smoke detection cavity of the detector to monitor the pressure conditions of all positions in the gas path of the detector; and adjusting the rotating speed of the air suction fan and the opening degrees of two air path opening degree actuators arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet of the smoke detection cavity according to the monitoring result, so that the pressure in the sampling air path of the detector is kept balanced.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the structure of the self-correctable linear air-breathing smoke detector is schematically illustrated, and the detector mainly comprises a sampling air outlet 1, an air outlet hose 2, a photosensitive diode 3, a smoke concentration detection cavity 4, a smoke detection circuit board 6, a detection light source 7, an air inlet hose 8, a main control circuit board 9, a sampling air inlet 10, an air outlet filter 11 of an air-breathing main air path, an air-breathing fan 12, an air-breathing fan rotating speed control board 13, an air inlet filter 14 of the air-breathing main air path, and the like.
A self-correcting linear air suction type smoke detector comprises a detector main air path and a smoke concentration detection cavity 4; a sampling air inlet 10 and a sampling air outlet 1 are formed in the main air path of the detector, and an air suction fan 12 is arranged in the main air path of the detector; the air inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity 4 is connected with a sampling air inlet 10 through an air inlet hose 8, and the air outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity 4 is connected with a sampling air outlet 1 through an air outlet hose 2; the sampling air inlet 10 is arranged near an air outlet of a main air path of the detector; and the sampling air outlet 1 is arranged near an air inlet of a main air path of the detector. The detection light source 7 is arranged at the bottom of the smoke concentration detection cavity 4 and is positioned below the air inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity 4; the photosensitive diode 3 is arranged at the top of the smoke concentration detection cavity 4 and is positioned on the side of an air outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity 4.
The rotation of the suction fan 12 is controlled by a suction fan speed control panel 13 to cause air to enter the detector through a suction main air path inlet filter 14. The airflow then flows through the sampling air inlet 10 and the air inlet hose 8 in sequence into the smoke concentration detection chamber 4. Then the air flow 5 flows into the sampling air outlet 1 through the air outlet hose 2 and finally flows into the main air suction loop.
The smoke concentration detection cavity 4 is internally provided with a photosensitive diode 3, a detection light source 7 and a light blocking column, light rays emitted by the detection light source 7 are blocked by the light blocking column in a smoke-free state, and only a few light rays can irradiate the photosensitive diode 3 through the light blocking column to form a background signal; with the increase of the smoke concentration, the reflection and refraction degrees of the light emitted by the detection light source 7 in the smoke are increased, and the signal received by the photodiode 3 is increased;
as shown in figures 2 and 3. A first gas path opening actuator 20 and a first gas flow and temperature sensor group 19 are arranged at the gas inlet of the smoke detection cavity and are used for detecting the flow rho of gas entering the gas inlet of the smoke detection cavity 1 And temperature T 1 (ii) a A second gas flow and temperature sensor group 18 and a third gas flow and temperature sensor group are arranged in the smoke detection cavityA degree sensor group 17 for respectively measuring two groups of flow rates rho of the gas flowing into the smoke detection cavity θ1 、ρ θ2 And two sets of temperatures T θ1 、T θ2 (ii) a A second gas path opening actuator 15 and a fourth gas flow and temperature sensor group 16 are arranged at the gas outlet of the smoke detection cavity and are used for detecting the flow rho of gas flowing out of the gas outlet of the smoke detection cavity 3 And temperature T 3 。
As shown in FIG. 4, a fifth gas flow and temperature sensor group 24 is arranged at the main gas inlet for detecting the flow rate ρ of the gas flowing into the main gas path IN And a temperature value T IN (ii) a A sixth gas flow and temperature sensor group 23 is arranged at the sampling gas outlet 1 and is used for detecting the flow rho of the gas flowing back to the main gas circuit from the smoke detection cavity 2 And a temperature value T 2 。
As shown in FIG. 5, a seventh gas flow and temperature sensor group 25 is arranged at the outlet of the main gas path for detecting the flow rate ρ of the gas flowing out of the main gas path OUT And a temperature value T OUT (ii) a An eighth gas flow and temperature sensor group 26 for detecting the flow rate ρ of the gas flowing into the sample gas inlet is disposed at the sample gas inlet 10 4 And a temperature value T 4 。
Example 2:
the invention adjusts the rotating speed of the air suction fan 12 and the opening of air path opening actuators (20, 15) arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity 4 according to the monitoring result, so that the pressure in the sampling air path of the detector keeps balance.
As shown in fig. 6, the method for adjusting the rotation speed of the suction fan 12 includes:
step 101: starting the air suction fan 12;
step 102: the fifth gas flow and temperature sensor group 24 detects the flow ρ of the gas flowing into the main gas path of the detector IN And a temperature value T IN ；
Step 103: the seventh gas flow and temperature sensor group 25 detects the flow ρ of the gas flowing out of the main gas path of the detector OUT And a temperature value T OUT ；
Step 104: sixth gas flow and temperature sensor group 23 detecting the flow rho of the gas flowing back to the main gas circuit of the detector from the sampling gas outlet 1 2 And a temperature value T 2 ；
Step 105: the eighth gas flow and temperature sensor group 26 detects the flow rate ρ of the gas flowing into the smoke concentration detection chamber 4 through the sampling gas inlet 10 4 And a temperature value T 4 ；
Step 106: the pressure at four locations is calculated:
Figure BDA0003662296010000061
wherein, P IN The pressure of the gas flowing into the main gas path of the detector; p 2 Is the pressure of the gas flowing into sampling gas outlet 1; p 4 Is the pressure of the gas flowing into the sampling gas inlet 10; p OUT Is the pressure of the gas flowing out of the main gas path of the detector; r is the characteristic constant of the smoke airflow;
step 107: calculating the average pressure of the gas in the sample inlet 10
Figure BDA0003662296010000062
Sampling the mean pressure at the outlet 1
Figure BDA0003662296010000063
Figure BDA0003662296010000064
Step 108: if it is
Figure BDA0003662296010000065
The current rotation speed ω of the suction fan 12 0 The current rotating speed omega of the air suction fan 12 is output without change 0 (ii) a Otherwise, go to step 109;
step 109: if it is
Figure BDA0003662296010000066
The current rotation speed ω of the suction fan 12 is reduced 0 And returning to the step 102;
if it is
Figure BDA0003662296010000067
The current rotation speed ω of the suction fan 12 is increased 0 And returns to step 102.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 7, the adjusting method of the first gas path opening actuator 15 at the gas inlet and the second gas path opening actuator 15 at the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection chamber 4 is as follows:
step 201: setting the opening of the second gas path opening executor 15 as an initial value
Figure BDA0003662296010000071
The opening degree of the first air path opening degree actuator 15 is set to an initial value
Figure BDA0003662296010000072
Step 202: the first gas flow and temperature sensor group 19 detects the flow rho of the gas entering the gas inlet of the smoke detection chamber 4 1 And temperature T 1 ；
Step 203: the second gas flow and temperature sensor group 18 detects the flow rate ρ of the gas in the smoke detection chamber 4 θ1 And temperature T θ1 (ii) a The third gas flow and temperature sensor group 17 detects the flow rho of the gas in the smoke detection cavity 4 θ2 And temperature T θ2 ；
Step 204: the fourth gas flow and temperature sensor group 16 detects the flow rho of the gas at the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity 4 3 And temperature T 3 ；
Step 205: the pressure at four locations is calculated:
Figure BDA0003662296010000073
wherein, P 1 Is the pressure of the gas entering the gas inlet of the smoke detection chamber 4; p is θ1 、P θ2 The pressure of the gas in the smoke detection cavity is measured; p 3 For measuring the concentration of smoke flowing outMeasuring the pressure of the gas at the gas outlet of the cavity 4;
step 206: calculating the average pressure of the gas in the smoke detection chamber
Figure BDA0003662296010000074
Figure BDA0003662296010000075
Step 207: if it is
Figure BDA0003662296010000076
Decreasing the opening degree of the second gas path opening degree actuator 15 and returning to step 202; otherwise, go to step 208;
Figure BDA0003662296010000077
wherein beta is the damping coefficient of the gas path opening actuator;
step 208: if it is
Figure BDA0003662296010000078
Increasing the opening degree of the second gas path opening degree actuator 15 and returning to the step 202; otherwise, go to step 209;
Figure BDA0003662296010000079
step 209: if it is
Figure BDA00036622960100000710
Decreasing the opening degree of the first gas path opening degree actuator 15 and returning to step 202; otherwise, go to step 210;
Figure BDA00036622960100000711
step 210: if it is
Figure BDA00036622960100000712
Increasing the opening degree of the first gas path opening degree actuator 15 and returning to step 202; otherwise, go to step 211;
Figure BDA0003662296010000081
step 211: and finishing the regulation and measuring the smoke concentration.
Example 4:
after the air suction fan flow charts and the smoke detection cavity airflow pressure balance adjusting flow charts shown in the attached figures 6 and 7 are completed. The air flow pressure at each position in the air path of the air suction smoke-sensing detector can be ensured to be the same, so that the sampled smoke gas is not compressed/diluted in the air path flowing process of the detector. Therefore, the smoke concentration detection curve of the air suction smoke detector is ensured to be linear.
As shown in fig. 8, the self-correction process of the smoke concentration detection line when the background signal drifts is performed. Before the smoke concentration detection line drifts, the expression of the original smoke concentration detection line is as follows:
U(ε)＝a×ε+U 0
in the formula: epsilon is the smoke concentration; u (epsilon) is the intensity of a receiving end signal when the smoke concentration epsilon; u shape 0 The intensity of the original background signal of the receiving end in the smokeless fog state is shown; a is the slope of the smoke concentration detection line.
When the intensity of the background signal of the detector changes, the slope a of the smoke concentration detection straight line does not change, and only the original background signal is transferred to a new background signal. The correction method comprises the following steps: the original background signal value U in the expression is expressed 0 Replacement by a new background signal U' 0 . The expression of the corrected smoke concentration detection line is as follows:
U′(ε)＝a×ε+U′ 0
in the formula: u' (epsilon) is the intensity of a receiving end signal when the smoke concentration epsilon is corrected by the detector; u' 0 The intensity of the original background signal of the receiving end after the transfer is in the state of no smoke fog; a is the smoke concentrationAnd detecting the slope of the straight line.
It can be seen that the slope a of the concentration detection straight line expression does not change before and after self-calibration, and only the background signal shifts. The correction process essentially replaces only the background signal values before and after the transfer.
Example 5:
aiming at mass production of the detector provided by the invention, a method is designed for ensuring the consistency of the detector. When the detectors are produced in batches, the smoke concentration detection straight line of only one of the detectors and the background signal value of each detector are measured. And respectively replacing the background signal constant term in the detected smoke concentration detection straight line with the background signal value of each detector. The replaced expression is the smoke concentration detection straight-line expression corresponding to each detector.
In summary, the present invention provides a self-calibrating linear aspirated smoke detector. The pressure in the sampling gas path of the detector is controlled to keep balance, so that the smoke concentration detection line of the detector is linear. In the invention, a plurality of groups of gas flow and temperature sensor combinations are arranged in the main gas circuit and the smoke detection cavity of the detector to monitor the pressure conditions of all positions in the gas circuit of the detector; and adjusting the rotating speed of the air suction fan and the opening degrees of two air path opening degree actuators arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet of the smoke detection cavity according to the monitoring result, so that the pressure in the sampling air path of the detector is kept balanced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A self-correcting linear aspirated smoke detector, comprising: comprises a main gas path of a detector and a smoke concentration detection cavity (4); a sampling air inlet (10) and a sampling air outlet (1) are formed in the main air path of the detector, and an air suction fan (12) is arranged in the main air path of the detector; the air inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) is connected with the sampling air inlet (10) through an air inlet hose (8), and the air outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) is connected with the sampling air outlet (1) through an air outlet hose (2);
the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) is internally provided with a photosensitive diode (3), a detection light source (7) and a light blocking column, light rays emitted by the detection light source (7) are shielded by the light blocking column under a smoke-free state, and only a few light rays can irradiate the photosensitive diode (3) through the light blocking column to form a background signal; along with the increase of the smoke concentration, the reflection and refraction degrees of the light rays emitted by the detection light source (7) in the smoke are increased, and the signals received by the photosensitive diode (3) are increased;
gas path opening actuators (20, 15) are respectively arranged at the gas inlet and the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4); a plurality of groups of gas flow and temperature sensor groups are arranged in the main gas circuit and the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) of the detector and are used for monitoring the pressure conditions of all positions, and the rotating speed of the air suction fan (12) and the opening of gas circuit opening actuators (20, 15) arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) are adjusted according to monitoring results, so that the pressure in the sampling gas circuit of the detector is kept balanced.
2. A self-correcting linear aspirated smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein: the sampling air inlet (10) is arranged near an air outlet of a main air path of the detector; and the sampling air outlet (1) is arranged near an air inlet of the main air path of the detector.
3. A self-correcting linear aspirated smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein: the detection light source (7) is arranged at the bottom of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) and is positioned below the air inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4); the photosensitive diode (3) is arranged at the top of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) and is positioned on the side of the air outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4).
4. A self-correcting linear aspirated smoke detector according to claim 1, whereinIn the following steps: a first gas flow and temperature sensor group (19) is arranged at the air inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) and is used for detecting the flow rho of gas entering the air inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) 1 And temperature T 1 (ii) a A fourth gas flow and temperature sensor group (16) is arranged at the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) and is used for detecting the flow rho of the gas flowing out of the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) 3 And temperature T 3 (ii) a Inside the smoke concentration detection cavity (4), a second gas flow and temperature sensor group (18) is arranged near the gas inlet, a third gas flow and temperature sensor group (17) is arranged near the gas outlet, and two groups of flow rho of gas in the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) are respectively measured θ1 、ρ θ2 And two sets of temperatures T θ1 、T θ2 (ii) a A fifth gas flow and temperature sensor group (24) is arranged at the gas inlet of the main gas path of the detector and used for detecting the flow rho of gas flowing into the main gas path of the detector IN And a temperature value T IN (ii) a A seventh gas flow and temperature sensor group (25) is arranged at the gas outlet of the main gas path of the detector and is used for detecting the flow rho of the gas flowing out of the main gas path of the detector Rhizoma Bletillae T And a temperature value T Rhizoma Bletillae T (ii) a A sixth gas flow and temperature sensor group (23) is arranged at the sampling gas outlet (1) and used for detecting the flow rho of gas flowing back to the main gas circuit of the detector 2 And a temperature value T 2 (ii) a An eighth gas flow and temperature sensor group (26) is arranged at the sampling gas inlet (10) and used for detecting the flow rate rho of gas flowing into the sampling gas inlet (10) 4 And a temperature value T 4 。
5. A self-correcting linear aspirated smoke detector according to claim 4, wherein: the rotating speed adjusting method of the air suction fan (12) comprises the following steps:
step 101: starting an air suction fan (12);
step 102: a fifth gas flow and temperature sensor group (24) detects the flow rho of the gas flowing into the main gas path of the detector IN And a temperature value T IN ；
Step 103: seventh gas flow and temperature sensor group(25) Detecting flow rho of gas flowing out of main gas path of detector Rhizoma Bletillae T And a temperature value T Rhizoma Bletillae T ；
Step 104: the sixth gas flow and temperature sensor group (23) detects the flow rho of the gas flowing back to the main gas circuit of the detector from the sampling gas outlet (1) 2 And a temperature value T 2 ；
Step 105: an eighth gas flow and temperature sensor group (26) detects the flow rate rho of the gas flowing into the smoke concentration detection chamber (4) from the sampling gas inlet (10) 4 And a temperature value T 4 ；
Step 106: the pressure at four locations is calculated:
Figure FDA0003662288000000021
wherein, P IN The pressure of the gas flowing into the main gas path of the detector; p 2 Is the pressure of the gas flowing into the sampling gas outlet (1); p 4 Is the pressure of the gas flowing into the sampling gas inlet (10); p is Rhizoma Bletillae T Is the pressure of the gas flowing out of the main gas path of the detector; r is the characteristic constant of the smoke gas flow;
step 107: calculating the average pressure of the gas at the sampling gas inlet (10)
Figure FDA0003662288000000022
Average pressure of sampling gas outlet (1)
Figure FDA0003662288000000023
Figure FDA0003662288000000024
Step 108: if it is
Figure FDA0003662288000000025
Then the current rotating speed omega of the suction fan (12) 0 The current rotating speed omega of the air suction fan (12) is output without change 0 (ii) a Otherwise, go to step 109;
step 109: if it is
Figure FDA0003662288000000026
The current rotating speed omega of the air suction fan (12) is reduced 0 And returning to the step 102;
if it is
Figure FDA0003662288000000027
The current rotating speed omega of the air suction fan (12) is increased 0 And returns to step 102.
6. A self-correcting linear aspirated smoke detector according to claim 4, wherein: the adjusting method of the first air path opening actuator (20) at the air inlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) and the second air path opening actuator (15) at the air outlet comprises the following steps:
step 201: setting the opening of the second gas path opening actuator (15) as an initial value
Figure FDA0003662288000000028
Setting the opening of a first gas path opening actuator (20) to an initial value
Figure FDA0003662288000000031
Step 202: the first gas flow and temperature sensor group (19) detects the flow rho of the gas entering the gas inlet of the smoke detection cavity (4) 1 And temperature T 1 ；
Step 203: the second gas flow and temperature sensor group (18) detects the flow rho of the gas in the smoke detection cavity (4) θ1 And temperature T θ1 (ii) a The third gas flow and temperature sensor group (17) detects the flow rho of the gas in the smoke detection cavity (4) θ2 And temperature T θ2 ；
Step 204: the fourth gas flow and temperature sensor group (16) detects the flow rho of the gas at the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4) 3 And temperature T 3 ；
Step 205: the pressure at four locations is calculated:
Figure FDA0003662288000000032
wherein, P 1 Is the pressure of the gas entering the gas inlet of the smoke detection cavity (4); p θ1 、P θ2 The pressure of the gas in the smoke detection cavity is measured; p 3 Is the pressure of the gas flowing out of the gas outlet of the smoke concentration detection cavity (4);
step 206: calculating the average pressure of the gas in the smoke detection chamber
Figure FDA0003662288000000033
Figure FDA0003662288000000034
Step 207: if it is
Figure FDA0003662288000000035
Reducing the opening degree of the second gas path opening degree actuator (15) and returning to the step 202; otherwise, go to step 208;
Figure FDA0003662288000000036
wherein beta is a damping coefficient of the gas path opening actuator;
step 208: if it is
Figure FDA0003662288000000037
Increasing the opening degree of a second gas path opening degree actuator (15) and returning to the step 202; otherwise, go to step 209;
Figure FDA0003662288000000038
step 209: if it is
Figure FDA0003662288000000039
Decreasing the opening degree of the first air path opening degree actuator (20) and returning to the step 202; otherwise, go to step 210;
Figure FDA00036622880000000310
step 210: if it is
Figure FDA00036622880000000311
Increasing the opening degree of the first air path opening degree actuator (20) and returning to the step 202; otherwise, go to step 211;
Figure FDA00036622880000000312
step 211: and finishing the regulation and measuring the smoke concentration.
CN202210576423.2A 2022-05-25 2022-05-25 Self-correcting linear air suction type smoke detector Pending CN115235963A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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