CN1152354C

CN1152354C - Three dimensional depth illusion display

Info

Publication number: CN1152354C
Application number: CNB988090856A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 本尼·帕萨克
Original assignee: PURE MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGIES Inc
Current assignee: PURE MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGIES Inc
Priority date: 1997-09-14
Filing date: 1998-09-09
Publication date: 2004-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2018-09-09
Also published as: AU738065B2; IL121760A; CN1270686A; IL121760A0; JP2001516899A; EP1038285A4; EP1038285A1; CA2302682A1; WO1999014725A1; AU9093398A

Abstract

Apparatus and method for producing a depth illusion of continuous three dimensional objects is presented. The apparatus includes at least two surfaces separated by a small distance, one of which surfaces is a transparent sheet imprinted with vertical or nearly vertical, line patterns with slowly varying period in a horizontal direction, and the other is imprinted with a color or black and white horizontally almost periodic pattern related to the other surface pattern in such a way that the combination of both patterns produces a Moire pattern that creates a depth illusion in the observer's mind.

Description

Be used to show equipment with depth illusion image

Invention field

The present invention relates to have the optical display means field of three dimensional depth effect.

Background technology

If two planes are a bit of distance of displacement each other, frontal plane is transparent, each plane all is printed on X-Y scheme, the figure of frontal plane is opaque, and back plane has the compensation figure that can comprise body form or graphic designs, and then a plane produces the presentation of motion in the visual field with respect to the athletic meeting on another plane.This relative motion can be produced by the physical motion of a plane with respect to another plane, perhaps by the beholder in these fronts, plane by the time motion produce.Frontal plane is as motion baffle plate (moving shutter), when the position of this frontal plane when the angle of beholder's eye sight line changes with respect to back plane, the different parts of this motion baffle plate exposure or hidden this back plane.The result who does like this can produce the visual field that changes along with beholder's position, perhaps produces the visual field that the relative position with each plane changes when the motion on each plane is proper.These variations are used in beholder's the impression and produce motor hallucination.

This motion baffle plate effect has been widely used many decades, be used to the outward appearance setting up motor hallucination or change two-dimentional display device, those equipment that for example are used for curbside Advertisement label, notice board, point of sale sales promotion, the art that perhaps is used in shows the equipment in the fragment, and known in the state of the art have many such equipment.At U.S. Patent No. 829,492 (Spiegel), 911,561 (Spiegel), 2,374,371 (Morch), 3,484,969 (Newland), 3,918, in 185 (Hasala), 4,263,737 (Simon) and other document the said equipment to many forms be described.

Proposed recently similarly but be to use well-known Moire (ripple) effect in the gained figure, to set up the equipment of motor hallucination.In the Moire effect device, two planes all are printed on periodic pattern, and it is poor to have less spatial frequency between preceding figure and back figure.The combination of these two kinds of periodic pattern can be set up one the 3rd " beat frequency (beat) " figure, and its outward appearance depends on that the spatial frequency between these two figures is poor.For clarity sake, should be pointed out that in the Moire effect demonstration of knowing that though the Moire effect is to adopt two to have the line graph of minute angle to obtain, it shows each plane and all has identical line frequency.Even in this case, the difference on the frequency that still exists the fact maintain minute angle owing to two figures to produce is by multiply by the line frequency that the cosine value of angle obtains between them thereby make one of them and second overlapping frequency component.

Under the described in front situation, the Moire figure is by changing preceding panel with respect to beholder's the sight line and the position on other plane, perhaps moving a movement imagery that the plane is given by beholder's motion.Some examples of this motion Moire graphics device are shown in U.S. Patent No. 4,789,573 (Jenkinson), 4,975,620 (people such as Tacquard), 4,300,068 (people such as Baird), 3,643,361 (Eaves), 3,811,213 (Eaves), 3,827,797 (Eaves) and 4, among 586,798 (Eaves).

The Main physical difference of these two groups of equipment is, in the first non-Moire group, panel is as the motion baffle plate that exposes different images according to the relative position between the plane, and in the Moire effect device, set up moving picture when two relative positions between the plane change by being combined in of two periodic pattern.In addition, in first group, any image can use, but only produces discontinuous variation.And be in the Moire graphical set at second group, image only limits to the image of those segmentations that comprise periodic pattern combinations.On the other hand, can make the motion of Moire figure continuously.

The method that is used for not needing to use any special observation aid just can set up depth illusion also can be divided into described two groups.The lenslet array method that people were familiar with is similar to the motion shutter concepts, wherein can watch different images from different view directions, and except depth illusion, the different images that expose are the simple view of three-dimensional body or the scene of seeing from different directions.The use of lenslet array effect has strict restriction for scope that perceives and angle.

Second group of continuous mobile Moire figure also can be used to set up depth illusion.In U.S. Patent No. 3,643, in 361, and further in U.S. Patent No. 3,811, in 213, Eaves studies utilizing this effect to set up depth illusion in display device.The major part of Eaves patent is the foundation at motor hallucination, as foregoing.In his embodiment, a fixed frequency dot pattern transparent body (transparency) moves with respect to another fixed frequency dot pattern transparent body, to produce motor hallucination.Yet Eaves also points out, when have between the dot pattern of two transparent bodies a small difference on the frequency and they spatially be separated by a bit of apart from the time, can be observed depth illusion.

Eaves explains that depth illusion utilizes two kinds of effects to set up.At first be parallax effect, ripe title retinal disparity effect, it is that JND between the view of the Moire figure perceived by each beholder's eyes is caused.Beholder's thinking processing procedure utilizes this species diversity to manifest the degree of depth, resembles usual stereo image.The emphasis of this mechanism also is to have used second effect that is called motion parallax, makes the motion of head cause the Moire figure of object with respect to its background motion thus.The beholder discovers the thinking of the degree of depth and has also used this relative motion effect, thereby can distinguish even very trickle depth difference.When optimized choice dot frequency and the transparent body at interval the two the time, will set up depth illusion.In the described in the above figure, Eaves has illustrated how to make two-dimensional bodies look like the front that hangs or be in farther background plane in the space.These two-dimensional bodies look like in the true planar of display device, and its background looks like it is the plane of a farther distance.Eaves points out that the frequency of two figures is approaching more also at United States Patent (USP) 3,811 in 213 the 15th hurdle the 10th row, and retinal disparity and motion parallax are just big more, thereby depth illusion is just big more.

Yet, when attempting to utilize the Eaves method to set up the object or the scene of full three-dimensional visible video picture, when setting up the presentation of several depth level after true display plane, the serious problem of discovering can appear.Even image only is made of several layers of different depth, it is also relatively more chaotic that the gained result seems, and be difficult to perceive the correct depth level on plane.

The reason that has this problem is because the combined effect that the Moire graphics feature causes.Mentioned by Eaves as the front, the frequency of two figures is approaching more, and depth illusion is just big more.Yet the fundamental characteristics of all Moire figures is that the frequency of two figures is approaching more, and resulting just wide more.Can be to this by understanding in conjunction with the interactional mode of periodic pattern of analogizing two variations with wave theory.When two wave interaction that have near frequency, can produce have with these two original ripples between the 3rd ripple of the frequency that equates of difference on the frequency.The 3rd ripple is ripe to be called " beat frequency " ripple.Two wave frequencies are approaching more, and " beat frequency " wave frequency is just more little, and perhaps to allege the frequency of Moire figure more little for class.Say that alternatively two wave frequencies are approaching more, the cycle of the bar of the Moire figure of watching is just wide more.This just can explain the root that is caused the problems referred to above by the Eaves method.

The implicit meaning of the combination of these two kinds of effects is, object that manifest or plane are far away more after true display plane, and the cycle of gained Moire figure is big more.Yet, relevant with the apparent size of remote object in this result and the human brain the 3rd of the degree of depth is visually discovered mechanism and directly conflicted, this situation Eaves does not mention and may not notice.Described mechanism is, if two views relatively, wherein each view all has the periodicity line graph of different cycles, and a view that then has than large period seems more close.Because the vision of human brain is discovered and tended to suppose all spaced at equal intervals of lines all in the reality, and observed cycle differentiation is owing to depth difference causes, thereby can cause described effect.This effect routine is used for graphic art, to strengthen the space or depth perception impression of picture in the three-dimensional body.

Therefore, when the Eaves method was used to set up the three-dimensional body that several planes by different depth after the true planar constitute, described two degree of depth were discovered mechanism conflict each other in beholder's brain, and gained is confusion, unclear and untrue as a result.Owing to only understand an embodiment in the Eaves patent above-mentioned, this vision conflict can not occur thereby be not noted with a background plane that is in a special degree of depth.

Another problem that appears in the prior art in the Eaves patent is to be used for providing a plurality of points of movement effects to cause the low contrast of Moire figure at two orthogonal directionss.

Be that it propose to use the figure of being made up of the 2 dimensional region of fixed frequency by another illustrated shortcoming of Eaves in the prior art.So only allow in image to form and have the discrete plane of the different outward appearance degree of depth, but can not form three-dimensional consecutive image, for example spheroid, right cylinder or bottle.

According to the applicant as far as possible known to, also not do not propose in the prior art or how explanation sets up continuous 3-D view, wherein these images shown when the beholder is mobile before image correct sensation with and the mutual motion of ingredient.For expression such as article true to nature such as spheroid, bottle tin cans, this image be based upon with forms such as label, notice board, point of sale sales promotion carry out in the large-scale advertisement field of the said goods or other field of and noticeable 3-D view glorious at needs in extremely important.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is intended to seek to provide a kind of Moire of utilization effect to produce the equipment and the method for the continuous 3-D view with depth illusion.

The Moire image that is produced by a preferred embodiment of the present invention is that two predetermined patterns by near vertical line that superposes on another form, and wherein the line cycle or the spatial frequency variation of at least one figure are slow.Combination results the 3rd image graphics of this figure, its outward appearance depends on two differences between the figure.A bit of distance is placed because two planes in this equipment are each intervals, and the figure of two basic cycle property overlapping, and the therefore Moire image of gained are depended on beholder's position.

Depth illusion is that the parallax effect of utilizing the difference between the picture of being seen by each eye to cause is set up.The exercise effect of the viewed person's head of this mechanism is strengthened, promptly a kind of ripe effect that is called motion parallax.When beholder's head movement, the figure of watching moves with respect to true planar, thereby it looks like and is in a different degree of depth.Therefore, the depth illusion that concerns support and strengthen producing between beholder's the head movement speed and the movement velocity of Moire figure by parallax, thereby help beholder's difference even very trickle depth difference.

It is to have at least a plane to have two planes of variable frequency figure (pattern) by use in the present invention that two kinds of competitive degree of depth noted earlier are discovered conflict between the mechanism, rather than uses and set up depth illusion by two planes of the fixed frequency figure that Eaves advised and solve.By this means, can independently control the Moire figure cycle and the outward appearance degree of depth, thereby can avoid described conflict.

The method that being used to of mentioning in the Eaves patent strengthens the depth illusion after the true planar is to reduce two difference on the frequencies between the figure.And a kind of alternative method used in this invention is by increasing the absolute frequency of two figures, and the holding frequency difference fixedly avoids using the caused vision of Eaves method to discover conflict.As a result, for identical beholder's a little the movement velocity of watching, the Moire figure seems to move sooner than the figure with lower frequency, because move for identical beholder, preceding figure has moved cycle of bigger absolute number with respect to the back figure.Therefore the Moire figure seems farther.In the same way, the also corresponding increase of difference in appearance of image between two of the beholders, thereby parallax effect also increases.

These the two kinds modes that increase the degree of depth can be made up, thus average frequency that can be by changing each figure and difference on the frequency control Moire figure cycle and the degree of depth the two.By using the periodic pattern that slowly changes in frontal plane and these two planes of back plane or in one of them plane, rather than use by the fixed frequency figure that Eaves advised Moire figure cycle or the bar width that to control gained mutually independently with the outward appearance degree of depth or the speed of related movement of Moire figure.Therefore, can solve in the prior art and discover the conflict that occurs between the mechanism two kinds of degree of depth.As a result, even can set up continuous three-dimensional surface and object.

In addition, use two kinds of periodic pattern that slowly change to set up more neatly as three-dimensional bodies such as spheroid, box body, can body, bottle or faces.Because can be in the cycle and the movement velocity of each display dot control Moire figure, thereby this figure can change on display continuously, flows through required continuous three-dimensional surface so that it looks like.May command figure cycle or width are discovered mechanism thereby not only can express the relative presentation size degree of depth, can also express simple geometric and discover effect, so just can make to observe inclined surface from the front and have the feature that the cosine value along with the angle of inclination narrows down.This effect can also strengthen perspective and the depth preception that this object is produced, and for example, if object has circle, then its image looks like moving and rotate to the side along with the beholder.Also can be increased to this image with strengthening feature such as other figure degree of depth such as shade or special light effect.

The foundation of three-dimensional body or surperficial illusion also can obtain by the distance that change is printed between each surface of periodic pattern.Therefore, even utilize two planes or the surface of the figure be printed on the fixed space frequency,, also can set up Moire figure with three dimensional depth illusion if each surperficial separating distance changes according to required effect.Yet present embodiment of the present invention has the more difficult realization of embodiment of flat surfaces of the figure of period of change than utilization recited above.

Use the line of near vertical in a preferred embodiment of the invention, rather than use the two-dimensional lattice in the Eaves invention, this just makes motion and effect of depth be limited in horizontal direction and produces.Owing to horizontal the occur in horizontal direction of main parallax effect for eyes, therefore this restriction itself is not a major defect.Yet the use of perpendicular line also has another significant advantage in fact, that is, because the use of perpendicular line can make picture contrast strengthen manyfold, thereby make equipment of the present invention have more commercial applicability.

Therefore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least two surfaces are provided, one of them surface is essentially transparent sheet, be used to show predetermined almost vertical cyclic first line graph, and another surface shows black and white or color circle second line graph, and has the cycle different slightly with first figure.The cycle of these two line graphs or one of them line graph slowly changes in the horizontal direction.Each pattern spacing is opened a bit of distance of the several times that are at least the line graph cycle, thereby the Moire figure that the combination results that makes two figures changes along with the position of the beholder before the first surface, and without any need for the continuous depth illusion that just can set up image such as the special observation aid of special spectacles etc.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, this equipment comprises: first surface, this first surface is essentially transparent, and its at least a portion shows first figure of the feature (feature) with basic periodic characteristic for the fixed cycle; And second surface, its at least a portion shows the second graph of the feature with basic periodic characteristic for the fixed cycle, wherein, first surface is in the centre of beholder and second surface, the cycle of second graph is cumulative different with the cycle of first figure, the cycle of at least a portion of at least one figure slowly changes, and the distance of first and second spaced surfaces is bigger than the cycle of any in first and second figures, and, wherein to the cumulative difference in figure cycle, interval between first and second surfaces, and the variation in the cycle of at least a portion of at least one figure is selected, so that the interaction of first and second figures produces a Moire image, this image table reveals the continuous three-dimensional visual effect.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, it is vertical direction that line wherein is arranged in basic, and the variation in the cycle of at least a portion of at least one figure occurs in the basic horizontal direction that is.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, the part of wherein said feature or line is shifted mutually at the varying level band of described figure in the horizontal direction, has the image of variable vertical detail (detail) with generation.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, this image table reveals 3-D effect true to nature, described depth illusion and 3-D effect are to utilize the mutual displacement of the image views that is looked by each eye in beholder's eyes and the parallax effect that causes reaches, and the motion parallax effect of perhaps utilizing the picture appearance that is caused by beholder's change in location to change to be caused reaches.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, the characteristic dimension of wherein said image is along with the outward appearance change in depth, its variation pattern and human brain to remote object look have narrower details and closer object look have wideer details feel conform to, perhaps with inclined surface on feature look narrower than the feature on the flat surfaces, and how much sensory effects that its narrow degree is approximately the cosine value at angle of inclination conform to.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, the brightness of the feature of wherein said image is along with the outward appearance change in depth, and its variation pattern conforms to hatching effect or any other required brightness effects.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, this image can be watched by beholder's naked eyes, and without any need for the special observation aid resemble the special spectacles.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said second surface is transparent, translucent or opaque.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said surface be spaced apart 5 to 100 times of described figure cycle.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said surface is printed on the figure of identical or different color, and perhaps, the background color of wherein said second surface is different with the color of any other impression shape.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, one of wherein following the establishment:

(a) described two surfaces place the opposite side of a transparent panel;

(b) described first surface places a side of a transparent panel, and described second surface is the printing thin layer near second side setting of described plate;

(c) described first and second surfaces all are the printing thin layers that places a plate bilateral; Or

(d) described first surface places a side of a transparent panel, and described second surface places a side of another transparent panel, and described plate each interval fixed range and being provided with is so that described surperficial each interval one preset distance.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, at least one surface in wherein said first and second surfaces is made of wire screen (wire netting), or thin and flexible, so that can be rolled onto on the right cylinder.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein from the front, at least on one side this equipment being thrown light on of back or this equipment.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, described equipment is configured for and can works in large tracts of land resemble the notice board or the small size resemble the credit card.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of aforesaid demonstration to have the equipment of the image of depth illusion, comprise first and second surfaces, a surface wherein is transparent, each plane all is printed on its at least a portion surface substantially and is the predetermined pattern of periodic feature, and the distance of each spaced surface is more a lot of greatly than the cycle of described feature; And interval that should the surface changes in a predefined manner, so that the interaction of described two figures produces a Moire image, when when the first surface side of described equipment is watched, this Moire image table reveals the continuous three-dimensional visual effect.

Description of drawings

By detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, will understand more fully and appreciate the present invention, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is illustrated in and uses frequency that level lentamente changes to produce the pictorial diagram of Fig. 3 and image shown in Figure 4 on the front surface.

Fig. 2 is illustrated in and uses frequency that level lentamente changes to produce the pictorial diagram of Fig. 3 and image shown in Figure 4 on the rear surface.

Fig. 3 illustrates the illustrative example according to the Moire figure with 3D vision effect of a preferred embodiment of the invention formation and operation, and wherein half of vertical bar spheroid is outstanding from background plane, and is to be seen by beholder's left eye.

Fig. 4 illustrates the illustrative example of the Moire figure with 3D vision effect, and wherein as shown in Figure 3, half of vertical bar spheroid is outstanding from background plane, but is to see from mobile slightly the watching a little of level, such as what seen by right eye.

Fig. 5 is the view by the smooth grid figure of Moire effect generation.

Fig. 6 illustrates the outward appearance that produces the required front or rear surfacial pattern of grid Moire figure shown in Figure 5.

Fig. 7 schematically shows and is used for the different objects figure analyzed by the contrast of the Moire figure of one or both color gained.

Fig. 8 schematically shows and is used for the different objects figure analyzed by the contrast of the Moire figure of two or three color gained.

Fig. 9 illustrates according to a preferred embodiment of the invention and constitutes and the synoptic diagram of the equipment that the single thin transparent panel by before having and rear surface of operation constitutes, described each surface all is printed on their respective graphical with slow horizontal change frequency, and two a bit of preset distances of spaced surface, the i.e. thickness of plate.

Figure 10 is the view of pair of lamina equipment.A layer is a transparent panel, and the one side is printed on the figure with slow change frequency whole or in part.Another layer is made of thin material, and this thin material is not necessarily transparent, and is printed on the second graph of slow change frequency on this another layer.

Figure 11 is the view of a three-layer equipment.Two thin layers are positioned at the opposite side part of close thick transparent panel.Thin layer near the beholder is transparent, and is printed on the figure with slow change frequency whole or in part.Another layer is made of thin material, and this thin material is not necessarily transparent, and is printed on the second graph of slow change frequency on this another layer.

Figure 12 is the view of two board devices of two slabs of explanation.

Figure 13 is that this equipment is used as the front surface medium with fixed network (fixed net) according to the view of the display device of the notice type of a preferred embodiment of the present invention structure and operation.

Figure 14 is the view of the described notice display device of Figure 13, but rolling net or thin layer are used as the front surface medium.

Embodiment

Referring now to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, there is shown figure on the preceding and rear surface of a preferred embodiment of the invention.These two interplanars are every a bit of distance.These two figures make up, to produce a Moire figure when the front is watched.Front surface preferably includes one and is essentially transparent thin slice, wherein is printed on vertically or almost vertical line graph, and the cycle of this figure slowly changes in the horizontal direction, as shown in Figure 1.Be printed on the figure of colour or the slow period of change of black and white level on the rear surface, as shown in Figure 2.Front surface must be basic for transparent, allowing can to pass this front surface from rear surface reflection or the light that passes the rear surface emission, and makes up with light from the rear surface in beholder's eye.Unless it is backlight that this equipment has, otherwise the rear surface does not need for transparent.The formation and the method for operation that are imprinted on two lip-deep figures be, the Moire figure that their combination results is required, and this Moire figure has depth illusion in beholder's brain.

Constitute and during the preceding and back figure of operation, these figures are set up a 3D vision image when figure illustrated in figures 1 and 2 is used separately as according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein half of vertical bar spheroid given prominence to from background plane.

It is right that Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 constitute a reality pictures operation, can be used for demonstrating the present invention, and frontal plane has been carried out transparent replication one time.Interplanar is every being approximately 5cm.The graphic feature that graphic feature among these two figure provides than in the hand held module of this size in the equipment of detail image has amplified many.For such module, the true cycle is too little so that can not be seen by naked eyes.The drawn figure of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is exaggerated on yardstick, produces the principle of effect of the present invention in order to clarification by them, and in order to the detailed features of figure to be described, to describe the present invention.The interplanar that Here it is in order to observe the gained image that uses these two figures must use 5cm every reason, Comparatively speaking, what the image of this size will reach yardstick true to nature is spaced apart 0.5 to the 5mm magnitude.Level of detail illustrated in figures 1 and 2 and yardstick typically are used for the large tracts of land display sign.

Fig. 3 schematically shows the Moire figure by the combination gained of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, is to see from single the watching a little of expression beholder left eye.Fig. 4 schematically show from expression beholder right eye, horizontal direction moves slightly watches the Moire figure of a little seeing.Set up the 3D vision effect in the brain that is combined in the beholder of these two images, half of its horizontal vertical bar is outstanding from background plane, and hemisphere and background plane all look like after true display plane.

As seeing from Fig. 3, in ball centre 31, in the Moire figure cycle, in other words, the width of Moire figure is greater than the bar width of spheroid edge 32 and 33, in other words greater than the bar width in the background plane.Therefore, discover mechanism according to the size of human brain, ball centre seems more close beholder.At the width of the Moire of spherome surface every bit graphic bar is to be determined by the difference on the frequency at the respective point place of two figures with slow change frequency illustrated in figures 1 and 2.Can find out respectively that from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 two slow period of change figures of level are in the cycle greater than spheroid edge 12,13,22,23 cycle of ball centre 11,21, perhaps greater than cycle of background periodic function (function) 14,24.The result, the gained Moire figure of the ball centre of in Fig. 3, seeing 31 by left eye, the picture position of the ball centre of from Fig. 4, seeing 41 only 1/4 width that has been shifted by right eye, and moved the width of a whole piece by left eye background plane of seeing 34 and the background plane of seeing from right eye 44.Can be clear that from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 in the graphic bar near a left side or right vertical boundary, moving relative to background is a complete bar.Can also from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, pick out at 1/4th of ball centre and move, but difficulty relatively.As above-mentioned mobile result, concerning human eye, background plane 34 as if than ball centre 31 move many.According to parallax mechanism, so just make background seem to be positioned at farther place afterwards, picture plane than ball centre.

In addition, as previously explained, the Moire graphic width at ball centre 31 places is greater than the bar width of background 34.Therefore, according to the relative size degree of depth discover mechanism and parallax mechanism the two, ball centre seems more close beholder.As a result, according to of the present invention preferred embodiment, these two kinds of mechanism are conflict mutually not only, and they can strengthen mutually, to improve the three-dimensional depth illusion of object continuously.Setting up the continuous object of clear, with deep impression, especially unambiguous three-dimensional is major advantage of the present invention.

Local cycle, the distance between them and the beholder's of the local cycle of figure, back figure position before the degree of depth of each display dot of watching depends on.By changing the cycle preceding and the back figure continuously, can set up continuous 3-D view, than spheroid as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.According to effect recited above, preceding formation with the back figure is relevant with the width of Moire graphic bar with operation, thereby the bar of gained Moire graph image is looked like be the correct skeleton view covering spherome surface with 3-D view.Because they are watched with steep angle, the geometrical perspective effect makes the bar of spheroid one side seem narrower than their actual width, and its narrow degree is the angle cosine value between view direction and the surface normal.The result, when the beholder moves horizontally, what he saw is the three-dimensional sphere that continuously changes position, shape and width, it " flows through " spherome surface, it shifts gears and can make and provide the illusion of spheroid in the rotation of its moving direction, and demonstrates that desirable correct skeleton view changes in the actual life.This effect has strengthened the three-dimensional illusion and the eye impressions that show.

Comprise that the complicated image with Discrete Change vertical detail is to be made of basic preceding and rear surface figure, for its constituted mode is described, considers the structure of grid figure now.Fig. 5 shows such figure.How it constitutes such figure of great use for understanding, and supposes that it is the modification of bar shown in the background of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Each vertical bar is divided into black part 45 and white portion 46 alternately, and wherein adjacent bar figure is out-phase each other.

This effect is that printing and the non-printing area in the surfacial pattern reaches before or after reversing, and the height of its horizontal bar equals the height of required square.Fig. 6 be depicted as produce the grid Moire figure that schematically shows among Fig. 5 and on front or rear surface required figure.Can be clear that 180 ° of phase change between the continuous

horizontal bar

47,48, the contrast that has so just produced vertical direction changes.The width of grid piece and the bar in the background are to be determined by the cycle of Moire figure, and should be to be determined by the difference on the frequency between preceding and the back figure in the cycles.In a word, the Moire figure with discrete variable vertical detail is produced by preceding and back figure, flatly moves mutually at different level bands with the periodic feature part of back figure before this.

Fig. 5 illustrates the grid figure of constant depth level.The depth illusion that utilizes absolute frequency that the striped ball of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 can be by selecting two figures and difference on the frequency can increase the grid figure is as in any Moire figure of being set up by the present invention.Can select the block sizes of graticule shape, so that, discover mechanism by utilizing the relative size degree of depth, and then, improve depth illusion by setting up this grid figure along with the illusion that flows through continuous three-dimensional surface is moved in beholder's position as in the past.Can set up similar periodic pattern by similar mode.

Should be pointed out that " the slow change frequency figure of level " or " periodic pattern of being on close level " only refer to those compositions will be in equipment of the present invention the visuals of the object continuous part of Moire imaging.At object edge,, can use the big Discrete Change in figure cycle such as the boundary between spheroid and background.The vertical correlation (vertical dependence) of the Moire figure that the control of the graphic change of vertical direction is watched resembles and is demonstrated in grid figure example.

Required cycle of figure with the slow change frequency of level is enough little, so that when from the optimum distance facilities for observation, the beholder can not perceive.At this moment, the beholder only can see the Moire figure that two graphics combine form.Therefore, level and the variation that vertically produces in the needed Moire figure of feature of image itself are more many greatly than the horizontal cycle yardstick of figure usually, as mentioning in the earlier paragraphs.

Between variable cycle preceding and the back figure scope of required periodic inequality be approximately ± 20%.For obtaining depth illusion preferably, the cycle preceding and the back figure should be in than in the little about 5-100 of the distance between two planes scope doubly.Figure with big ratio can provide required effect, but it produces difficulty.

In the present invention, the optimum range of watching depth effect is bigger than the scope such as lenslet array demonstration etc., and need be such as any aid of special spectacles etc.In addition, compare with the lenslet array method, the degree of depth of being watched during the Moire effect shows seem almost with see from any viewing distance identical, this is that physical principle difference by illusion is caused.The upper limit of viewing distance is to distinguish that by physics the ability of Moire figure is definite.This restriction can broaden by the cycle that makes the Moire figure and be set to great distances.

Although the observed degree of depth along with the beholder with respect to the angle cosine value of the vertical line of display plane and some variation, also can see depth effect from wide range very, be to be ± 45 ° at least from the vertical plane vertical with display plane.This depth characteristic makes and is very suitable for the curbside billboard according to depth illusion method of the present invention that this is owing to can be clear that this depth characteristic from wide region.The present invention can be implemented in the equipment with size on a large scale.The present invention is used in and realizes undersized graphical effect on the article such as credit card, wherein it has substituted hologram as privacy device, in addition at postcard, little label, sales promotion point sales promotion label, bus stop label and until (right up) huge billboard.

Generally, the figure frequency in the frontal plane as shown in Figure 1 is lower than the frequency of respective regions in as shown in Figure 2 the back plane.This just makes that the spheroid and the background of watching seem to be in after the true display plane, can get successively, and the Moire figure is moving in respect to the identical direction of the direction of display surface with the beholder.As illustrated in the Eaves patent, if the figure frequency in the frontal plane of Fig. 1 is higher than the frequency of the back plane of Fig. 2, then the Moire figure of gained with watch a little with respect to the opposite direction of the direction of motion of display surface in move.Therefore, the Moire figure appears to the front that is in display device.Yet, in this case, utilize above-described the preferred embodiments of the present invention, also can be by using two kinds of variable cycle property figures of appropriate format, the width that makes the Moire graphic bar and its outward appearance degree of depth be Be Controlled independently mutually.

In the invention of the prior art of Eaves, utilize point to produce before and the back figure, make the Moire figure in level and vertical both direction, all move.Yet, because human eye is horizontally separated, and be that parallax effect provides the main degree of depth to discover effect, thereby may have sacrificed the vertical movement of Moire figure, and, resemble hereinafter illustratedly, strengthened the contrast of Moire effect greatly.This is to finish by line that uses near vertical rather than point in the present invention.Therefore, compare with the prior art dot pattern, the contrast of gained Moire figure has increased nearly 6 times, and has strengthened the overall depth sharpness.

In an identical manner, by the line of use basic horizontal, and, can realize that then same picture contrast strengthens in the vertical direction slow variable variation in generation figure cycle.Such preferred embodiment to mini-plant of great use wherein can be by moving up and down head rather than by static parallax effect, obtaining the depth illusion of major part.

Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 have demonstrated the difference between the dot pattern equipment of prior art and the line graph that the preferred embodiments of the present invention are proposed.With reference to Fig. 7, box 110 is cutting parts of typical depth illusion equipment, wherein a plurality of points is used to set up the Moire effect, as by in illustrated each prior art of Eaves.Plane 111 is frontal planes, and it is a plane of approaching the beholder, and plane 112 is back planes.According to the prior art of Eaves, two planes all are transparent and are printed on the opaque point of same color.Fig. 7 has schematically shown when being watched by the beholder, two

planes

111 and 112 four kinds of overlapping possible extreme case 113-116.Image 113 shows the view of the beholder when from just vertical with plane 111,112 direction evaluation equipment, and like this, the each point on two planes is overlapping just.Image 114 is views of being seen when watching a slightly horizontal ground mobile.

The picture contrast of Moire image changes the percent that is defined as total image opacity localized variation, is the mark that maximum possible changes.Contrast rating be the 1 Moire figure that means gained from transparent fully change to opaque fully.Therefore, for the difference between figure 113 and 114, if we calculate for simplifying, approx each point is regarded as each square of same size, then contrast is changed to 1/4.This approximate calculating to remainder continues to set up, and can not lose the validity of conclusion.If each point is not assumed to square, definite contrast changes must multiply by π/4, to obtain definite result.

View 115 illustrates when watching a little from view 113 vertical moving when a small amount of, perhaps when the dot pattern vertical moving same amount in

plane

111 or 112, and the pattern of being seen.View 116 is results that the position from view 115 moves horizontally.At this moment, the localized variation of the opacity between two kinds of possible horizontal patterns is zero, and that is overlapping because the point of view 115 does not resemble in the view 113, and transmission (transmission) does not become.For the comprehensive contrast that obtains this depth illusion equipment changes, must get view 113-114 and 115-116 both of these case on average because both of these case all has identical probability of happening, and to watch vertical height a little be unknown to the deviser.Therefore, resulting contrast be 1/4 and 0 average, promptly 1/8.

Can be divided into two steps by contrast improvement provided by the invention.At first, the figure on the plane is changed into vertical or subvertical line from point, as shown in the equipment 120, Moire effect contrast is doubled, this itself has improved degree of depth sharpness again greatly.The second, by also use vertical or subvertical line in second plane, as shown in the equipment 130, contrast doubles again.

Box 120 illustrates a canonical dissection of depth illusion equipment, wherein promptly is printed on line graph in the case the frontal plane 121 on a plane, and is printed on a little on another plane 122.With the same in the past, all be printed on identical color on two planes.View 123-126 schematically shows four kinds of overlapping possible extreme cases, is similar to the pattern 113-116 that only has under the situation.From view 123 to 124, the localized variation of printing area and background area is 1/4 of the total area.The situation of or translucent rear surface opaque for letter lid under the situation of specific background color separately, expands to localized variation ratio between print color and the background color with the definition of contrast, the mark that changes as maximum possible.Overall contrast change mean the Moire figure from all print change color to full background color.View 125 and 126 illustrates other two kinds of possible patterns that produce when watching some vertical moving slightly.Difference between the view 125 and 126 is again the result who watches when a little moving horizontally.In this case, localized variation is identical with the variation between the view 123 to 124, therefore, between the transparency of gained Moire figure and the opacity in other words the average contrast between background color and the print color be (1/4+1/4)/2=1/4.As previously mentioned, this result has doubled to use two resulting contrasts of dot pattern separately.

Second kind of improvement situation is shown in the equipment 130.Here,

plane

131 and 132 all is printed on vertical or subvertical line graph.As situation in front, frontal plane is necessary for transparent, but back plane is not necessarily like this, and two planes all are printed on identical color.To this situation, watch vertical moving a little not change the figure of watching at all.Therefore, two kinds of

plane overlap schemes

131 and 132 are only arranged, shown in view 133 and 134.The localized variation of printing area and background area be total maximum possible change 1/2, thereby contrast is changed to 1/2.This result is the gained contrast changes under view 120 situations two times, is four times under view 110 situations.

It is another kind of improvement situation of the present invention that the Moire figure is used color.When in Different Plane, using three kinds of different colors, can obtain at least to improve with respect to the same contrast under the dot pattern situation.Fig. 8 shows the contrast analysis identical with Fig. 7, but different colors has been adopted on two planes.Three kinds of shown situations are: two planes all are the situation 210 of point, situation 220 and two situations 230 that the plane all is a bar that the plane is a bar for plane of point.For current calculating, suppose frontal plane 211,221 or 231 for transparent, and be printed on black graphics.Back plane 212,222 or 232 is transparent or semitransparent or opaque, and they have the point or the line graph of a kind of background color and different colours.Along with beholder's motion, the Moire figure switches color between two kinds of back plane colors, and for this situation, contrast changes maximum possible between the Moire figure the be defined as two kinds of colors localized variation in changing.Therefore, owing to the Moire figure is made up of two kinds of different colours, so the black area of frontal plane point is not included within this contrast definition.

With reference to Fig. 8, all be printed on a little situation 210 for two planes, view 213-216 schematically shows four kinds of possible overlap schemes of two planes 211 and 212.

View

213 and 214 illustrates the image of a little seeing from watching of horizontal shift 210.If point is approximately the square of same size, then the color localized variation of two plane combinations is 1/4 of the total area.Except that the black color dots area, total stained area is 3/4 of the total area in this case.Therefore, according to the three looks definition that contrast changes, its value promptly equals 1/3 for (1/4)/(3/4).

View

215 and 216 illustrates may views from other two kinds of the view of watching a little being seen 210 of two horizontal shifts watching a perpendicular displacement of view 213 and 214.In this case, the localized variation of the color between two kinds of possible horizontal patterns is zero, because the point in the view 215 does not have overlapping.The total contrast of two kinds of some plane situations changes that average 213-214 and 215 to 216 both of these cases obtain the front by resembling, and the contrast that provides is changed to (1/3+0)/2=1/6.

Under second kind of situation, frontal plane is changed into vertically or the line of near vertical from point, as shown in view 220.Identical under the use of color and contrast and the situation of front.View 223-226 schematically shows two

planes

221 and 222 four kinds of overlapping

possible patterns.View

223 and 224 illustrates two kinds of horizontal patterns being seen when a little moving horizontally when watching.The background color of two plane combinations and the localized variation of print color are 1/4 of the total area.Total in this case stained area is 1/2 of the total area, and therefore three kinds of definitions of color that change according to contrast are (1/4)/(1/2)=1/2.

View

225 and 226 illustrates other the two kinds possible horizontal displacement images of a little seeing of watching from vertical moving slightly.Localized variation in this case is identical with the variation between the view 223 to 224, thereby the print color of gained Moire figure and the average contrast between the background color are (1/2+1/2)/2=1/2.This result is the gained contrast changes under two some plane situations shown in the view 210 3 times.

The third situation is shown in view 230.Two planes 231 in this case and 232 all are printed on the line graph of vertical or near vertical, identical in its color and situation 210 and 220.In this case, watch vertical moving a little not change the figure of watching at all.Therefore, only need to consider two kinds of overlap schemes 233 and 234.The print color and the localized variation between the background color of two plane combinations are 1/2 of the total area.Total in this case stained area is 1/2 of the total area, in situation 220.Therefore, according to three kinds of definitions of color that contrast changes, it is provided by (1/2)/(1/2)=1.Contrast between the color of the Moire figure that therefore, causes by moving horizontally is changed to 1.This result is such as six times of the results who is obtained by two some planes under the situation shown in the view 210.

If we use with former case 110,120 and 130 in identical contrast change and define, wherein in these situations the localized variation and the total area of color compared, then remain 4 by line graph rather than the resulting coefficient that improves of dot pattern that uses vertical or near vertical.As the second kind of contrast that is used in situation 210,220 and 230 defines the situation that is more suitable for figure before two kinds of back plane colors and black.If the frontal plane figure is not a black, but be printed on the third color, then any technician in this area is by adopting identical principle to come expanded application analysis described herein, and the analysis showed that the contrast that still has four times improves.

The above embodiment of the present invention has all been used perpendicular line, with contrast and the visuality of effective utilization by the enhancing that this configuration was provided.But it should be noted that if contrast is not very important, and also exist some three-dimensional visible effect very important that then the further embodiment suggestion of the present invention can be used a little rather than line in vertical direction.In such embodiments, must arrange a plurality of points with array way, its spatial frequency slowly changes on both direction according to preassigned pattern, so that obtain true to nature, unruffled effect, as each method provided by the invention.

Fig. 9 illustrates to Figure 14 and is used to implement several device examples of the present invention.Fig. 9 shows simple embodiment, and its bilateral all is printed on single transparent panel 50.This plate can be by making such as any transparent material of glass, PVC, polycarbonate etc.Be called leading flank 51 near beholder's a side, this lateral parts or all be printed on the translucent graphic of vertical or near vertical line with the slow change frequency of level.The translucent meaning herein is, the zone between the opaque line is transparent, and line itself is then opaque as much as possible.This figure can be filled in the leading flank of plate whole or in part.This figure can be made up of one or more colors, and some zone can all be opaque or transparent.

The another side of described plate is to be printed on the horizontal figure that another kind has the vertical or near vertical line of slow change frequency on the trailing flank 52, and is similar to first side, the described plate of its all or part of filling zone.This figure needn't be for translucent, although it also has transparent or zone of opacity.Yet the Moire figure for acquisition has better contrast is being almost on the level of being printed between the background of periodic figure and this figure, on color, brightness or the transparency significant visible difference should be arranged.Should be appreciated that as previously described Fig. 9 can also realize by the figure of the frequency space frequency that only is printed on to have slow variation on of two sides of described plate.This application also is suitable for other embodiment shown in following Figure 10 to 14.

The thickness of plate can be at 0.5mm in the scope of 10cm, perhaps when needed can also be thicker.A kind of possible implementation is POP label or bus stop advertisement poster (poster), and their required plate areas are 1 to 2m ²Use traditional printing process, such as screen printing, the figure cycle may diminish to 0.25mm or even littler, for the thick plate of 2mm, can obtain good depth illusion scene.This plate is suitable for existing advertisement poster fills, and does not need any variation.This advertisement poster has backlight usually, and this also is the better light that is used for depth illusion equipment.

Figure 10 shows second kind of feasible embodiment of the present invention, and wherein transparent panel 53 is imprinted on a side, and thin printed layers 54 is attached to opposite side or is positioned at close opposite side place.This plate can be made by any transparent material.Side near the beholder is to be printed on the leading flank 55 to be almost translucent graphic periodic, the near vertical line on the level, and as former case, this figure has been filled the leading flank of plate whole or in part.As former case, this figure can be made up of one or more colors, and some zone can be for all opaque or transparent.Be printed on second kind of level of vertical or near vertical line being almost periodic figure on the thin layer 54, this figure has been filled image-region whole or in part, and this thin layer 54 adjoins or the opposite side that is attached to plate is a trailing flank.This thin layer can be for transparent, and by making such as PVC or any other transparent polymer, perhaps can be that they print by technology such as for example offset printing, laser or ink jet printings easily such as the opaque material of paper etc.This thin layer can also be translucent, to increase the brightness and the visuality of image.Printing process has been simplified in the use of thin layer, because be not that two figures are all printed onboard, but only a figure need print onboard.This figure can be made of one or more colors as former case.

Preferred embodiment shown in Figure 11 has further been simplified printing process.Two figures all are imprinted on the thin layer in this case.These two layers are attached to the bilateral of plate 56 or are positioned at the bilateral place of close plate 56.Be that thin layer 57 on the leading flank is for transparent near beholder's side.Be printed on being almost translucent graphic periodic, the near vertical line on the level on it, as former case, this figure has been filled the leading flank of plate whole or in part.As former case, this figure can be made up of one or more colors, and its some zone can be for all opaque or transparent.Be printed on second kind of level being almost periodic figure on another thin layer 58, this figure has been filled image-region whole or in part, and the opposite side that this thin layer 58 is attached to plate is a trailing flank.This thin layer can be transparent, have transparent or translucent, as former case.

Figure 12 shows a preferred embodiment that comprises two plates of the present invention.Plate near the beholder is that front panel 59 is transparent, and can be made by any transparent material as former case.Be printed on being almost translucent graphic periodic, the near vertical line on the level on this plate, as former case, this figure has been filled the leading flank of plate whole or in part.As former case, this figure can be made up of one or more colors, and some zone also can be for all opaque or transparent.As shown in the embodiment of Figure 10, this figure can also be imprinted on the thin hyaline layer, and this thin hyaline layer is attached to front panel, with simple printing process.Second plate is to be printed on the rear panel 60 on second kind of level of near vertical line to be almost periodic figure, and this figure has been filled image-region whole or in part.If this plate can be transparent or its have when backlight can for translucent or its can also be opaque by the place ahead illumination (front-lit).For this front panel, the thin layer that is printed on second kind of figure can be attached on the rear panel rather than directly print on it, to simplify printing process.Back thin layer can be transparent, opaque or translucent, with the visuality and the clearly demarcated property (sharpness) of promoting figure.Described two plates are arranged at the fixed position each other.The advantage of this equipment is its large-scale label that can be used for the big degree of separation (separation) between two kinds of figures of needs.Slab is separated into two separating plates can make device structure lighter and price is lower.

Figure 13 and 14 shows two additional embodiment of the present invention that are particularly useful for large-scale notice board.Prior figures 9 all can be used for notice board is set up depth illusion to all embodiment shown in Figure 12.Yet because the large tracts of land of these labels, the use of right angle wire screen provides a kind of more cheap and simpler method.The vertical bar of net is used to set up the Moire effect, and horizontal bar is used to support vertical bar separately.

Veil 70 was used for the embodiment of rigid frame 71 before Figure 13 showed.Figure 14 shows net 75 (being preceding veil in this example) and is rolled onto the embodiment on the rotating cylinder 76.The advantage of net of rolling is, on the contrary when change label or with notice board from routine use change into use with depth illusion effect or the time, this network capacity is easily installed or is removed.Be almost thin and easily curved transparent book sheet periodic, the near vertical line graph on the level of being printed on except net being used for the front panel, can also using, to increase possible 3-D view scope.

Described net also has additional advantage, and this is for the intensity of metal wire and their anti-preferably high wind characteristics.Back plane 77 can be conventional notice board, and it can be opaque and be the place ahead illumination.Back plane is printed by a kind of common method that is used for notice board, and is attached on the notice board plane.Can use traditional method that notice board is thrown light on, for example backlight, perhaps use be positioned on the notice board or under and the strong halogen spot (strong halogen projector) 78 of (that is,, cutting away as Figure 13 that part sees) near a side of back plane in the frontal plane inboard.This arrangement has been avoided the shadow falls of preceding veil is mapped on the back plane, and this will cause the additional Moire figure of not expecting.

It should be understood by one skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to those contents of top certain illustrative and description.Scope of the present invention should comprise various combination of features described above and decomposition, and to their various changes and repairing, these can be accomplished after those of ordinary skills have read foregoing description, but these all are not included in the prior art.

Claims

1, a kind of demonstration has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, comprising:

First surface, described first surface is formed by a kind of transparent material, and at least a portion of described first surface shows first figure of the feature with space periodicity characteristic; With

Second surface, at least a portion of described second surface shows the second graph of the feature with space periodicity characteristic,

Wherein, first surface is in the centre of beholder and described second surface;

Wherein, the space periodic of described second graph is different with the space periodic of first figure;

Wherein, the described space periodic of at least a portion of above-mentioned at least one figure has spatial variations;

Wherein, described first and second surfaces are spaced apart a segment distance, and this distance is greater than any space periodic in described first and second figures; And

Wherein, described variation to cycle of described at least a portion of the space periodic difference of above-mentioned figure, described interval between described first and second surfaces and described at least one figure is selected, so that the interaction of described first and second figures produces a moire pattern picture, this image table reveals the continuous three-dimensional visual effect.

2. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, and the feature of wherein said first and second figure comprises a series of lines.

3. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, and the part of the described feature of wherein said first and second figure is shifted mutually at the varying level band of described figure in the horizontal direction, has the image of variable vertical detail with generation.

4. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, and the horizontal component of the variation of the described space periodic of described at least a portion of wherein said at least one figure is greater than vertical component.

5. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, and wherein said image views is mutual displacement when each eye from beholder's eyes look, its displacement mode is to show 3-D effect true to nature by parallax effect.

6. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, and the outward appearance of wherein said image is along with beholder's change in location, and its variation pattern is to show 3-D effect true to nature by the motion parallax effect.

7. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, the characteristic dimension of described image is along with the outward appearance change in depth, its variation pattern and human brain to remote object look have narrower details and closer object look have wideer details feel conform to.

8. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, the characteristic dimension of wherein said image is along with the outward appearance change in depth, and its variation pattern looks with feature on the inclined surface and conforms to than narrow how much sensory effects that are approximately the cosine value at angle of inclination of the feature on the flat surfaces.

9. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, and the brightness of the feature of wherein said image is along with the outward appearance change in depth, and its variation pattern conforms to shade.

10. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, and this image can be watched by beholder's naked eyes, and without any need for the special observation aid resemble the special spectacles.

11. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said second surface is transparent.

12. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said second surface is translucent.

13. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said second surface is opaque.

14. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, described 5 to 100 times of being spaced apart the described figure cycle on wherein said surface.

15. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein two described surfaces are printed on the figure of same color.

16. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein two described surfaces are printed on the figure of different colours.

17. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, the background color of wherein said second surface is different with the color of any other impression shape.

18. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said two surfaces place the opposite side of a transparent panel.

19. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said first surface places a side of a transparent panel, and described second surface is the printing thin layer near second side setting of described plate.

20. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said first and second surfaces all are the printing thin layers that places a plate bilateral.

21. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said first surface places a side of a transparent panel, described second surface places a side of another plate, and described two plate each interval fixed ranges and being provided with are so that described surperficial each interval one preset distance.

22. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, at least one surface in wherein said first and second surfaces is made of wire netting.

23. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, at least one surface in wherein said first and second surfaces is thin and flexible, so that can be rolled onto on the right cylinder.

24. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein from behind described equipment is thrown light on.

25. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein throws light in the face of described equipment in the past.

26. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein at least on one side it is thrown light on from described equipment.

27. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said equipment is configured for and can works in the large tracts of land resemble the notice board.

28. demonstration as claimed in claim 1 has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, wherein said equipment is configured for and can works in the small size resemble the credit card.

29. a demonstration has the equipment of the image of depth illusion, comprising:

First and second surfaces, wherein the surface headed by is transparent, and each plane all is printed on the predetermined pattern of space periodicity feature on its at least a portion surface;

Described surface is spaced apart a predetermined distance, and this distance is bigger than the cycle of described space periodicity feature; And

The interval on described surface changes in a predefined manner, so that the interaction of described two figures produces a moire pattern picture, when when the described first surface side of described equipment is watched, this moire pattern looks like to show the continuous three-dimensional visual effect.