CN115235366A - Tunnel structure safety evaluation method based on inner contour curvature change - Google Patents
Tunnel structure safety evaluation method based on inner contour curvature change Download PDFInfo
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- CN115235366A CN115235366A CN202210852313.4A CN202210852313A CN115235366A CN 115235366 A CN115235366 A CN 115235366A CN 202210852313 A CN202210852313 A CN 202210852313A CN 115235366 A CN115235366 A CN 115235366A
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/255—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring radius of curvature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
Abstract
The invention relates to a tunnel structure safety assessment method based on inner contour curvature change, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring coordinate values of each point of an inner contour before and after deformation of a tunnel supporting structure; s2, calculating the curvature of each part of the inner contour before and after the structure is deformed through coordinates; s3, calculating the change value of the curvature of the inner contour of the structure before and after deformation to obtain the change value of the bending moment of each section of the structure; and S4, judging whether the structural section forms a plastic hinge or not according to the bending moment value, and S5, obtaining an early warning result based on a preset early warning standard according to the judgment results of the steps S3 and S4. The invention realizes real-time obtaining of curvature change values of all parts of the structure, thereby analyzing the stress change process of the section and carrying out real-time grading early warning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel deformation measurement, in particular to a tunnel structure safety assessment method based on inner contour curvature change.
Background
At present, the control standards for full-section deformation data obtained by laser scanning are mainly divided into two categories, one category directly uses the original standard arch crown settlement and peripheral convergence control values as deformation monitoring control values, and the used monitoring data values are fewer; the other type of the method is characterized in that whether the deformed structural profile exceeds the design profile is judged, and the stress bearing performance of the structure is not evaluated and analyzed. Obviously, the two methods do not fully utilize full-section deformation data to evaluate the safety of the tunnel supporting structure. The full-section deformation data can actually reflect the relative deformation of the inner contour of the supporting structure, and the relative deformation reflects the stress state of the structure to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a tunnel structure safety assessment method based on inner contour curvature change, which can obtain curvature change values of each part of a structure in real time, thereby analyzing a section stress change process and performing real-time graded early warning.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a tunnel structure safety assessment method based on inner contour curvature change comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring coordinate values of each point of an inner contour before and after deformation of a tunnel supporting structure;
step S2: calculating the curvature of each part of the inner contour before and after the structure is deformed through coordinates;
and step S3: calculating the change value of the curvature of the inner contour of the structure before and after deformation to obtain the change value of the bending moment of each section of the structure;
and step S4: judging whether the structural section forms a plastic hinge or not according to the change value of the bending moment;
step S5: and obtaining an early warning result based on a preset early warning standard according to the judgment results of the steps S3 and S4.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes: scanning the inner contour of the tunnel through full-section laser scanning or other measuring equipment to obtain the undeformed initial coordinate values of all points of the inner contour of the tunnel supporting structure
And at the moment t, the point position coordinate value of the internal contour full section data after structural deformation
1. Further, the step S2 specifically includes: according to the point location coordinate values of the full-section data of the inner contour before and after the deformation obtained in the step S1, the curvature of each part of the inner contour before and after the structural deformation is obtained through fitting
Further, the step S3 specifically includes:
the curvature change value at time t is obtained by:
Δk t ＝k 0 -k t
calculating the bending moment value M corresponding to the structure according to the following formula t ：
M t ＝Δk t ×EI
In the formula: EI is bending rigidity value of cross section
Further, step S4 specifically includes: when the calculated bending moment value of a certain part of the structure is larger than the ultimate bending moment value M of the structure in a pure bending state u And when the percentage is 75 percent, the plastic hinge is about to be formed at the part, and corresponding engineering measures are taken for the part.
Further, the preset early warning standard specifically includes:
(1) Calculating bending moment value M of any section of structure t All less than 75% u Defined as a normal state;
(2) Calculating bending moment value M of certain section of structure t More than 75% of M u Forming a first plastic hinge which is defined as II-level early warning;
(3) When the structure generates more than 3 plastic hinges, the structure is about to lose the bearing capacity, and the early warning is defined as I-level early warning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method can directly evaluate the current stress condition of the structure through the deformation data of the full section of the inner contour of the tunnel structure, and eliminate the influence of the whole displacement of the structure on the judgment of the measurement result.
2. The invention fully utilizes the deformation measurement data of the full section, and the early warning standard is adaptive to the structural parameters, thereby overcoming the defect that the traditional deformation monitoring control value is irrelevant to the structural bearing capacity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of structure nodes and unit numbers according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the safety of a tunnel structure based on the change of curvature of an inner contour, comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring coordinate values of each point of an inner contour of a tunnel supporting structure before and after deformation;
s2, calculating the curvature of each part of the inner contour before and after the structure is deformed through coordinates;
s3, calculating the change value of the curvature of the inner contour of the structure before and after deformation to obtain the change value of the bending moment of each section of the structure;
and step S4: judging whether the structural section forms a plastic hinge or not according to the change value of the bending moment;
step S5: and obtaining an early warning result based on a preset early warning standard according to the judgment results of the steps S4 and S5.
Preferably, in this embodiment, a least square circle fitting method is used to perform piecewise fitting on the acquired full-section data, and the best function matching of the data is found. The method has the advantage that unknown data can be easily determined and the sum of the squares of the errors between these determined data and the actual data is minimized.
And (3) carrying out piecewise fitting on the full section data of the structure which is not deformed and is deformed by laser scanning equipment by using a standard circle function, wherein the specific function is shown as the following formula.
(x-a) 2 +(y-b) 2 ＝r 2
In the formula: (x, y) is the coordinate value of the point location of the full section data; (a, b) are coordinates of the circle center; and r is the radius of the fitted circle function.
The inverse of the radius of curvature is the curvature, i.e.
the curvature change value at time t is obtained by the following formula:
Δk t ＝k 0 -k t
in the formula: k is the curvature;
calculating the corresponding bending moment value M of the structure according to the following formula t ：
M t ＝Δk t ×EI
Preferably, in this embodiment, when the value of the curvature change of the inner contour of the structure is greater than 0, it indicates that the inner side of the structure at the position is in a tension state, and conversely, the inner side of the structure is in a compression state.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the bending moment value M is calculated when a certain part of the structure t Is larger than the ultimate bending moment value M of the structure in a pure bending state u And 75% of the total weight indicates that the part is about to form a plastic hinge.
Further, the preset early warning standard specifically includes:
(1) The calculated bending moment value of any section of the structure is less than 75 percent u Defined as a normal state;
(2) Calculated bending moment value of a certain section of the structure exceeds 75% u Forming a first plastic hinge which is defined as II-level early warning;
(3) When the structure generates more than 3 plastic hinges, the structure is about to lose the bearing capacity, and the I-level early warning is defined.
Example 1:
in this embodiment, taking full-section deformation data of a numerical model of an inverted arch-free primary support structure of a level IV surrounding rock of a bidirectional four-lane highway tunnel as an example, referring to the content of concrete structure design specifications, the ultimate bending moment value in a structural pure-bending state is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula:
M u -ultimate bending moment value in pure bending state corresponding to the cross section;
α 1 -coefficients, calculated according to the provisions of paragraph 6.2.6 of the blending rule;
f c -design value of concrete axial compressive strength;
A s 、A′ s -the cross-sectional area of the common longitudinal rebar in the tension and compression zones;
A p 、A′ p -the cross-sectional area of the longitudinal tendons in the tension zone and the compression zone;
σ′ p0 the stress value of the prestressed tendon when the normal stress of the concrete in the compression zone is zero;
b-the width of a rectangular cross section or the width of a web of an inverted T-shaped cross section;
h 0 -a cross-sectional effective height;
a′ s 、a′ p -the distance from the nip common longitudinal rib resultant point, the pre-stressed rib resultant point to the cross-section pressed edge;
the arc length of the deformation data fitting section is set to be 0.4m, and specific primary support structure parameters are shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 structural Physics and mechanics parameters
Specific grading early warning indexes based on the change value of the curvature of the inner contour of the supporting structure are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 grading early warning index based on the curvature change value of the inner contour of the supporting structure
First, taking the coordinate data of the inner contour scatter point of the arch shoulder part of the structure as an example, the node scatter and the unit number are shown in fig. 2. And performing function fitting on the data points obtained by monitoring by adopting a least square circle fitting method to obtain a fitting radius value of each unit, wherein specific data are shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 fitting radius value error analysis
Then according to t 1 And calculating the curvature change and the bending moment of each position of the section according to the full section deformation data coordinates at the moment. By arching the shoulder (E) 10，11 ～E 22，23 ) For example, the bending moment values are calculated for the curvatures in summary table 4.
As can be seen from Table 4, t 1 The moment value calculated by the curvature change at any moment is small and does not exceed the structural preset early warning index (75 percent M) u = 80.9), namely the structure is in a safe stress state, and normal construction can be carried out.
TABLE 4 summary table of curvature change values of inner contour of arch shoulder part of structure
Note: the bending moment value of the section of the primary support structure is positive when the inner side is pulled.
Then according to t 2 Deriving the structural spandrel part (E) from the full section deformation data coordinates at that moment 10，11 ～E 22，23 ) The total section deformation data coordinates of (2) were calculated and the values of the bending moment of each section were summarized in Table 5.
TABLE 5 summary table of curvature change values of inner contour of arch shoulder part of structure
Note: the bending moment value of the section of the primary support structure is positive when the inner side is pulled.
From Table 5, see t 2 The bending moment value of the spandrel part calculated by measuring the deformation data of the full section at any time exceeds the preset early warning index (75% u = 80.9), corresponding warnings should be made.
In conclusion, the safety of the tunnel structure can be evaluated through the full-section deformation data, and the stress damage process of the structure can be analyzed accordingly.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A tunnel structure safety assessment method based on inner contour curvature change is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring coordinate values of each point of an inner contour before and after deformation of a tunnel supporting structure;
s2, calculating the curvature of each part of the inner contour before and after the structure is deformed through coordinates;
s3, calculating the change value of the curvature of the inner contour of the structure before and after deformation to obtain the change value of the bending moment of each section of the structure;
s4, judging whether the structural section forms a plastic hinge or not according to the change value of the bending moment;
and S5, obtaining an early warning result based on a preset early warning standard according to the judgment results of the steps S3 and S4.
2. The inner wheel based on claim 1The method for evaluating the safety of the tunnel structure with the changed curvature is characterized in that the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps: scanning the inner contour of the tunnel through full-section laser scanning or other measuring equipment to obtain the undeformed initial coordinate values of all points of the inner contour of the tunnel supporting structure
And at the moment t, the point position coordinate value of the internal contour full section data after structural deformation
3. The method for evaluating the safety of a tunnel structure based on the change of the inner contour curvature according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 is specifically as follows: according to the point location coordinate values of the full-section data of the inner contour before and after the deformation obtained in the step S1, the curvature of each part of the inner contour before and after the structural deformation is obtained through fitting
4. The method for evaluating the safety of a tunnel structure based on the change of curvature of inner contour according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 is specifically:
the curvature change value at time t is obtained by:
Δk t ＝k 0 -k t
calculating the bending moment value M corresponding to the structure according to the following formula t ：
M t ＝Δk t ×EI
In the formula: EI is the bending rigidity of the cross section.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S4 is to calculate a bending moment value at a section of the structure greater than the limit bending moment value M in a state of pure bending of the structure u At 75% of the cross-section is considered to be about to form a plastic hinge.
6. The method for evaluating the safety of a tunnel structure based on the change of the inner contour curvature according to claim 1, wherein the preset early warning criteria are specifically:
(1) Calculated bending moment values of all cross sections of the structure are less than 75% u When the state is normal, the state is normal;
(2) A section of the structure having a calculated bending moment value in excess of 75% u Forming a first plastic hinge, which is defined as II-level early warning;
(3) When the structure generates more than 3 plastic hinges, the structure is about to lose the bearing capacity, and the early warning is defined as I-level early warning.
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- 2022-07-20 CN CN202210852313.4A patent/CN115235366A/en active Pending
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