CN1152348C - Method for making digital circular screen stereo movia - Google Patents
Method for making digital circular screen stereo movia Download PDFInfo
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- CN1152348C CN1152348C CNB011075988A CN01107598A CN1152348C CN 1152348 C CN1152348 C CN 1152348C CN B011075988 A CNB011075988 A CN B011075988A CN 01107598 A CN01107598 A CN 01107598A CN 1152348 C CN1152348 C CN 1152348C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a producing method for digital circular screen stereo movies, which is based on a three-dimensional animation producing system. A cylindrical surface which is composed of M*N narrow strips is established in a space defined by a three-dimensional model; for each frame of a movie to be produced, a three-dimensional scene corresponding to each narrow strip is respectively rendered through a two-camera model so as to output two narrow strip images; 2*M narrow strip images of each frame are spliced into a frame of a sub silver screen image according to a sequence; deformation correction and seamless splicing treatment are then carried out to produce an image file. Stereo parallax models and three-dimensional animation technology are used so that complete stereo images can be played on a cylindrical silver screen of 180 to 360 DEG, continuous vivid pictures can be seen, magic novel dynamic effects are obtained, and large shocking power is generated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the digital movie TV tech, specifically is a kind of method for making digital circular screen stereo movia that adopts the three-dimensional animation technology.
Background technology
Traditional three-dimensional film adopts two video cameras or bicamera to take, and corresponding observation point is along the horizontal line vertical with direction of observation several centimetres the distance that staggers, to produce parallax.The distance of two observation point (interpupillary distance) should be suitable with two spacings of people.
Show respectively corresponding to two left and right sides channel images about the people by two film projectors during projection, and make it to project in the same screen.Before the projector camera lens, add polaroid, make the two-way image have different polarization directions.Employing has the screen of certain direct reflection ability, makes the reflected light of screen keep polarization of incident light, and spectators are by the image of polarization eyes difference left and right sides two paths, by the parallax generation stereoscopic sensation of two-way image.
Some identical screens are surrounded a face of cylinder,, and respectively image is projected in these screens, just formed the projection environment of Circamara by film projector with the screen equal number around whole projection hall.Circamara requires the set of cameras of the same quantity of employing to circularize and takes the multichannel image of acquisition.When annular cinema was shown, the image that faces mutually between the screen was connected, and the image in all screens is connected to an integral body, spectators can feel stay with an environment of building by film in.
To be separated by wide about 30 a centimetres vertical frame between the per two adjacent screens of Circamara at present, so in fact picture does not reach complete one integrated mass.Cause below the reason of this situation:
(1), vertically will open on the frame and reflect window, so that the projection axis is vertical with picture, otherwise the image in the screen will produce trapezoidal distortion.
(2), owing to when taking, the observation point of all photographies is overlapped, so the image in the adjacent screen is actually and can not links together fully continuously.Increase frame, can cover this uncontinuity.
(3), it is discontinuous that the difference of the micro-optics parameter of projector and film also can cause picture.
Three-dimensional animation is an aspect of Active-Movie.The object that is showed in the film or the three-dimensional geometry attribute of artistic image, optical properties and spatial movement all can be by computer representations.By means of playing up (rendering) process, the model of these computer representations just is converted into digital image.Play up is that video camera model by means of storing in the computing machine carries out.Stored the parameter unanimous on the whole in this video camera model with true video camera, as the seat in the plane, observation point, direction of observation, focal length, film gate etc.
Because the 3-D photography machine model almost completely can be simulated the function of true video camera, so can realize parallax, the image of two passages about generation by two video camera models equally.This 3 D stereo technology has an outstanding advantage: highly accurate, can realize the coincidence fully of the observation point of many video camera models arbitrarily.
The traditional photography machine is imaging in the plane always.When adopting the three-dimensional animation method to turn out movies, the utilization of three-dimensional animation software is played up and is simulated the photographic imagery process, but all commercialization three-dimensional animation software all can only be played up in the plane.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome existing above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of method for making digital circular screen stereo movia that act technology combines with stereo technology that encircles is provided,, provide novel video display product to satisfy the demand of film and tv industry develop rapidly.
The method for making digital circular screen stereo movia that the present invention proposes, it comprises the steps:
A, the main frame of 3-D cartoon production system that coloured three-dimensional scene models is packed into;
B, be provided with and play up parameter, describedly play up the fillet that angle, sub-screen quantity N, each sub-screen that parameter comprises the arc of screen comprise and count the radius and height, base length or interpupillary distance of M, screen, wherein N is 2～24, and M is 8～30;
C, set up a face of cylinder of forming by M * N fillet in the defined space of three-dimensional model, set up baseline according to the input interpupillary distance, the baseline mid point is overlapped with center, the described face of cylinder, create a pair of video camera model, and the observation point that makes them is positioned at the two ends of baseline, the set of cameras model is aimed at fillet zone on the face of cylinder, make the two video camera optical axis intersect at the central point of fillet;
D, for each frame to be turned out movies, by two video camera models, respectively the three-dimensional scenic of each fillet correspondence is played up, export two width of cloth fillet images; 2 * M fillet image of described each frame is spliced into a frame screen image in order;
E, foundation and the true proportional face of cylinder of screen and N the three-dimensional model of showing unit in three-dimensional animation software, adopt texture (Texture mapping) technology, above-mentioned each frame screen image frame by frame is mapped to the face of cylinder, and by each video camera model circle is leant on face and carry out secondary rendering, export corresponding sub-screen image;
F, need overlapping picture carry out attenuation processing at adjacent sub-screen image edge, export final image file with sub-screen image composition.
The present invention's its advantage compared with the prior art is as follows:
The present invention proposes new ring curtain stereoscopic parallax model, adopt three-dimensional animation fabrication techniques digital rings curtain three-dimensional film, realized combining of three-dimensional film and Circamara by a series of technical measures, complete stereoscopic image has been spent to 360 degree face of cylinder screens 180 show.This technology promptly is suitable for adopting the projection mode of film movie projector, also is suitable for adopting multicomputer to drive the projector projection mode that playout software is play digital image.
Movie pictures is continuous, true to nature, and dynamic effect is good.Object is gone out screen and is arrived each spectators effect at the moment and be better than the conventional stereo film in the film.And there is significant limitation in this respect in the conventional stereo film, always can only do along the moving of depth direction as: object like this, and such dimension of object is always very little.The subtended angle of its basic reason cone that to be screen opened spectators' eyes is too little.The object of going out screen can only move in this cone, and near spectators' eyes, the cross section of awl is just more little more.Ring of the present invention curtain is to enlarge the horizontal view angle, makes it to surpass 180 degree even reaches the effective way of 360 degree.When the frame angle was spent above 180, any in theory large-sized object can both move to spectators at the moment.
The tradition Circamara is to make spectators produce " immersing sensation ", a kind of form of expression of sensation on the spot in person, and still, screen is still very strong the psychological application that spectators and substance film separate.And the film stereoeffect that the inventive method is made increases greatly, and this isolation sense is with weakened a lot.
The ring curtain three-dimensional film that this method is made is very suitable for various recreation grounds, theme park, science and technology center, or fair projection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is common parallax model synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a ring curtain stereoscopic parallax model synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the ring curtain stereoscopic parallax model synoptic diagram of an one shadow curtain;
Fig. 4 is the overlapping and decay synoptic diagram in its adjacent two width of cloth shadow curtain image edges;
Fig. 5 plays up the process flow diagram of software for its stereoscopic parallax and cylinder;
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of its straightening and seamless spliced software software.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing method for making of the present invention is further specified.
This paper represents to set up with manual type the mathematical method of parallax with " parallax model " speech.By to common three-dimensional film analysis of technology, can summarize common parallax model as shown in Figure 1.
The straight line that connects the observation point of two cameras is called " baseline ", and in order to form parallax, the length of baseline should be equivalent to people's two oculopupillary distances, and this distance is called " interpupillary distance ".Baseline in horizontal direction, and is and vertical with direction of observation.
The axis of two cameras is near parallel, and the intersection point of two axis always is positioned at video camera the place ahead.Intersection point is called " object distance " to the distance of baseline, and its spectators Yu about the same is to the distance of screen.So-called direction of observation is meant the direction of baseline mid point to above-mentioned intersection point.
Cross intersection point and the plane vertical with direction of observation is called " imaging surface ", the position of this face is equivalent to the position of screen.If subject is in the position of imaging surface, spectators will feel that it is in the position of screen.Equally, when subject is between video camera and the imaging surface, spectators will feel that it has gone out screen, otherwise subject is in the imaging surface distally, and spectators will feel that it is in the screen the inside.
Common parallax model both can be realized by true video camera real scene shooting, also can realize by the method for three-dimensional animation.
In common parallax model, a frame image (being equivalent to encircle a sub-screen picture in the curtain) uses a fixing baseline.In the real scene shooting process, in fact also can not accomplish after an egative film sensitization part, to change base direction.Under ring curtain situation, different sub-screens must be used different base directions, so that the limit keeps consistent with direction of observation, otherwise the screen subtended angle can not meet or exceed 180 and spend.The seam both sides of the picture in the adjacent sub-screen, owing to use different base directions, its parallax is not the same, and therefore can't realize correct connection.
The present invention has adopted new as shown in Figure 2 ring curtain stereoscopic parallax model.In same frame image (being equivalent to a sub-screen picture), baseline and direction of observation are not fixed, but rotate around the baseline mid point.
The face of cylinder corresponding to a sub-screen can be split into a lot of wide fillets, and this is equivalent to the whole face of cylinder is represented with a M * N regular prism face that N is sub-screen number here, and M is the fillet number that each sub-screen comprised.During shooting, the baseline mid point is fixed on the center on the face of cylinder, around this center rotation baseline and direction of observation, by each fillet scene is taken according to this, obtains a series of fillet images, and then with the synthetic complete sub-screen image of these group of picture.
To each fillet, will guarantee that all direction of observation is vertical with the plane at this fillet place, and baseline is parallel respectively with surface level with this plane.
The corresponding baseline of adjacent two fillets has only very little angle, and consequent parallax is inconsistent just very little.Parallax between adjacent two sub-screens is inconsistent exactly inconsistent quite with the parallax of adjacent two fillets.
Obviously M is big more, and fillet is narrow more, parallax inconsistent just more little.When M is tending towards infinity, just reached the continuous variation of parallax along the picture horizontal direction.
The locational parallax of varying level is different on the frame image that this ring curtain stereoscopic parallax model produces, but along continuous straight runs continuously changes.The essence of ring curtain stereoscopic parallax model is that baseline and direction of observation are rotated continuously, and this is actually has simulated the people when looking around all around, the situation that head rotates continuously.
Ring curtain stereoscopic parallax model can not be realized with existing video camera, because we can't repeatedly change the seat in the plane in the blink of Loss-on-drying light one frame picture.But can realize by the three-dimensional animation technology.At this moment, render process has replaced shooting process, and three-dimensional scenic has replaced real scene.
We realize this model by custom-designed software, and movie theatre can build up multiple screen specifications such as 180,240,300,360 degree.In exemplary embodiments, the face of cylinder of one 360 degree ring curtain can be divided into 6 sub-screens, and the radian of each sub-screen is decided to be 60 degree, and each sub-screen comprises 10～30 fillets.
In the ideal case, the width of fillet can be set to that only a pixel is wide, according to resolving power of film, this means that each sub-screen image is made up of the fillet more than 2000.But do economy inadequately like this, in fact, when each sub-screen was divided into 10～30 fillets, it is desirable that effect has equated.
Fig. 3 is the ring curtain stereoscopic parallax model synoptic diagram of a sub-shadow curtain.Wherein each sub-screen is divided into S1～S8 totally 8 fillets, many baseline mid points of all different rotary angles all overlap with described cylindrical center, two video cameras that are positioned at the baseline two ends are taken the corresponding three-dimensional scenic of fillet correspondence successively, export the sub-screen image of each frame.
Aforesaid fillet dividing method is equivalent to approach a face of cylinder with the regular prism face of many ribs, and this method has solved cylinder simultaneously and played up problem.
Cylinder is played up and is encircled an act stereoscopic parallax model and born by same software.This software input three-dimensional scene models, these three-dimensional scene models can be produced by other three-dimensional animation softwares.The image file that output is unit with sub-screen image.Picture resolution is about: 800 * 500～4000 * 2500.Pixel format is TGA, or Tiff.
Its process such as flow process are shown in Figure 5.
● pack into coloured three-dimensional scene models.
● be provided with and play up parameter, comprising:
The angle of the arc of screen: desirable 180,240,300, or 360 degree;
Sub-screen quantity N, under circular cylinder 360 degree situations, it is better that N=6 is set;
The fillet that each sub-screen comprises is counted M, and the fillet of whole screen adds up to M * N;
The radius of screen and height;
And base length or interpupillary distance.
● in the defined space of three-dimensional model, determine position and the direction of set of cameras with respect to scene.
In order in above-mentioned space, to determine observer's position and direction of observation, need set up a cylinder
Face, and it is divided into M*N fillet, size and radius/aspect ratio are suitable with true screen.
Set up baseline according to the input interpupillary distance.Create a pair of video camera model, and make their observation point position
In the two ends of baseline, and the baseline mid point overlaps with center, the face of cylinder.The set of cameras model is aimed at
Fillet zone on the face of cylinder makes baseline and fillet place plane parallel, direction of observation and this
The plane is vertical, and the two video camera optical axis are given the central point of fillet mutually.
● fillet is played up
Each frame for to be turned out movies, repeat following operation:
By 2 video camera models, and the viewfinder range of representing by fillet, respectively to three-dimensional scenic
Play up, export 2 width of cloth fillet images, one of them is the left eye channel images, and another is right
The eye channel images;
Around cylindrical center's rotary camera group (comprising the limit)/(M*N) degree flatly, play up that next is narrow
Bar is up to finishing playing up of all 2 * M * N fillet.
● the fillet splicing
Each frame for to be turned out movies, repeat following operation:
To N sub-screen, repeat following operation:
M fillet image is spliced into a sub-screen image in order.
Fig. 6 is the straightening and the seamless spliced software flow pattern of sub-screen image.
Straightening mainly realizes by texture (Texture mapping) technology in the three-dimensional picture.
Set up and the true proportional face of cylinder of screen, set up N the three-dimensional model of showing unit, determine that with respect to the position of screen and direction video camera in the three-dimensional model is with respect to the position and the direction on the face of cylinder according to projector in the true movie theatre.
By the texture technology, ring curtain stereoscopic parallax model and cylinder are played up the visual frame by frame that software produces be mapped to the face of cylinder, and lean on face and carry out secondary rendering justifying by each video camera model.
Straightening also realizes by a specialized designs software.
This software is treated each frame that turns out movies, and carries out aforesaid operations, and the sub-screen image of output same format and resolution.
Ring curtain three-dimensional film has certain requirement to projector in the movie theatre with respect to position and the direction of screen, and the video camera modes of emplacement that still satisfies these requirements still has multiple.The picture distortion is relevant with the modes of emplacement of video camera reality.Same film can adapt to different modes of emplacements by different straightenings.
Realize that seamless spliced method is overlapping about 1/10 picture width of picture that makes adjacent sub-screen when projection.As shown in Figure 4, in 2 equitant zones of image, the R of each pixel.G, B component will be multiplied by a factor F, and F is between 0 and 1.So each pixel of handling like this can deepening.The side edge of the approaching more image in the position of pixel, F is more little, and pixel exactly is positioned at the picture-side edge, and to make F be zero.The position of pixel is during more near the inner boundary of overlapping region, and F is big more, if when pixel exactly is positioned on this inner boundary, F is 1.Because image brightness is reduced, and F is called as decay factor.
When two images were overlapping in screen in when projection, the brightness of the every bit of overlapping region was by the corresponding pixel contribution of two images, owing to do decay, it is brighter unlike normal areas that the image of overlapping region should seem.
Decay factor can show to be function: F=f (x)
Wherein F is a decay factor, and x is the horizontal range to the picture-side edge,
X=0, pixel are positioned at the picture-side edge,
X=1, pixel are positioned at the overlapping region inner boundary, 0＜x＜1.
The curve of this function (image) is called die-away curve.
Experiment shows that function f (x) is not linear, and we can only obtain its experimental formula.
The physical property of different projectors or film always can be not identical.Method overlapping and decay can make the picture of a sub-screen little by little carry out the transition to the picture of another adjacent sub-screen, has avoided the discontinuous variation at sub-screen seam crossing of the picture that caused by the small difference of physical property.
Seamless spliced by following two measures realization: the one, the attenuation processing of bearing by software during the film-making; The 2nd, agreement 1/10 width overlapping of the sub-screen during the projection.
Attenuation processing is rectified and can be carried out in same software with distortion.Implement in the process of playing up for the second time in straightening, the viewfinder range corresponding to the video camera of each sub-screen in the three-dimensional model is also overlapping, and its overlapping degree is consistent with the picture overlapping degree of true projector.
After playing up the second time of finishing a certain frame, this software carries out attenuation processing by specified width, which width and attenuation function by pixel to the both sides of each sub-screen of this frame.
The ring curtain three-dimensional film of the inventive method allows to use a computer, network, projector are shown.Preferably use the multi-screen synchronous playing software of our company's exploitation to bear this function.
The guardian technique of narrating previously all applies to Moviemaking.Projection equipment will satisfy the requirement of ring curtain three-dimensional projection: the position of projector and direction requirement; Requirement is made in screen; The synchronous requirement of projection equipment; Adopt the multi-screen synchronous playing software of our company when adopting the projection of computing machine and projector.
In addition, projection equipment adopts standard device, as 35 sixteen-millimeter projector16s, satisfies ordinary individual's computing machine of configuration requirement and projector etc.
In the system based on computing machine and projector, film is stored in the computing machine with audio video interleaved, and projection is respectively 2N with the quantity of personal computer and projector, and N is sub-screen number here, in addition, and also need be with 1 computing machine as server.Every projection with computing machine on, move the multi-screen synchronous playing software of my company exploitation, its effect is that avi file is read in internal memory, after the decoding, according to the control signal that server provides, frame by frame image is sent to the projector that is attached thereto, speed was 25 frame/seconds.The supporting multi-screen synchronous playing Control Software of operation is carried out synchro control to each projection with computing machine on the server.All computing machines pass through local area network interconnection.
In system based on film, adopt standard cinefilm and film projector to show, need N platform projector altogether, should realize synchro control between the projector.
The projector position and the direction of the present invention's suggestion are:
Make the height of projection lens be positioned at screen upper edge height; Optical axis is crossed screen cylinder over glaze, invests the opposite screen; Each projector is along screen upper edge circular array, and angle is 360/N at interval, and wherein N is sub-screen number.About at interval 2 degree of the projector of two passages about same group.
The placement of projector can appropriateness depart from above-mentioned requirements, and still, this will cause the straightening of reforming.
Install polarized lenses before the projection lens additional, spectators will wear the polarization eyes.
Screen is made up of metal screen carrier and curtain, and curtain adopts the used metallic paint screen of common three-dimensional movie theatre, so that keep polarization of reflected light.
It is 60 degree that our suggestion makes the angle of sub-screen arc, and the angle that is used for seamless spliced overlapping arc is 4 degree.Can make screen have 180,240 thus, 300,360 four kinds of specifications are to be suitable for different needs.The three-dimensional cinema system of the ring curtain of a commercialization need be considered the multichannel stereo system, the appropriate design of auditorium, on-the-spot stunt system etc.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method for making digital circular screen stereo movia is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, the main frame of 3-D cartoon production system that coloured three-dimensional scene models is packed into;
B, be provided with and play up parameter, describedly play up the fillet that angle, sub-screen quantity N, each sub-screen that parameter comprises the arc of screen comprise and count the radius and height, base length or interpupillary distance of M, screen, wherein N is 2～24, and M is 8～30;
C, set up a face of cylinder of forming by M * N fillet in the defined space of three-dimensional model, set up baseline according to the input interpupillary distance, the baseline mid point is overlapped with center, the described face of cylinder, create a pair of video camera model, and the observation point that makes them is positioned at the two ends of baseline, the set of cameras model is aimed at fillet zone on the face of cylinder, make the two video camera optical axis intersect at the central point of fillet;
D, for each frame to be turned out movies, by two video camera models, respectively the three-dimensional scenic of each fillet correspondence is played up, export two width of cloth fillet images; 2 * M fillet image of described each frame is spliced into a frame screen image in order;
E, foundation and the true proportional face of cylinder of screen and N the three-dimensional model of showing unit in three-dimensional animation software, adopt texture (Texture mapping) technology, above-mentioned each frame screen image frame by frame is mapped to the face of cylinder, and by each video camera model circle is leant on face and carry out secondary rendering, export corresponding sub-screen image;
F, need overlapping picture carry out attenuation processing at adjacent sub-screen image edge, export final image file with sub-screen image composition.
2, according to the described method for making digital circular screen stereo movia of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the angle of the arc of described screen is 180 degree, or 240 degree, or 300 degree, or 360 degree.
3, according to the described method for making digital circular screen stereo movia of claim 1, it is characterized in that: when adopting face of cylinder screen, 6 sub-screens are set, each sub-screen comprises 10～30 fillets.
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101435989B (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2010-06-16 | 深圳华强数码电影有限公司 | Tracking visual field and method for making three-dimensional film by secondary rendering |
| CN101540063B (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2011-07-13 | 深圳市水晶石电脑图像技术开发有限责任公司 | Method for making digital spherical screen film by applying three-dimensional software |
| CN102096949B (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2013-12-11 | 深圳市远望落星山科技有限公司 | 360-degree fulldome digital movie making method |
| CN102438108B (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2014-08-20 | 江苏尚阳数字科技有限公司 | Film processing method |
| CN103220470A (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-24 | 中影电影数字制作基地有限公司北京美术制作分公司 | Super-space-time, reconstructing and simulating movie capable of being participated and experienced |
| CN103150756A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2013-06-12 | 林善红 | Digital city three dimensional (3D) active stereo display system and manufacture method thereof |
| CN102692806B (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2015-08-05 | 济南大学 | Collection and the formation method of free view-point four-dimentional space video sequence |
| CN102929091A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2013-02-13 | 吉林禹硕动漫游戏科技股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing digital spherical curtain three-dimensional film |
| CN103336403B (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2016-03-30 | 上海星影数码科技有限公司 | A kind of 5D360 ° of ring curtain digital high definition three-dimensional film method for making |
| CN107801018A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-13 | 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司 | A kind of 3D animation three-dimensional video-frequency manufacturing systems and method played based on ring curtain |
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Address after: 518057, 13 floor, Huaqiang hi tech development building, Nanshan District science and technology center, Shenzhen, Guangdong. Patentee after: Huaqiang infante (Shenzhen) Intelligent Technology Co. Address before: 518031 A-23 building, Huaqiang mansion 3006, Shennan Middle Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong. Patentee before: Shenzhen Huaqiang Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20040602 |