CN115233888B - Big difference in height saddle spoke structural system - Google Patents
Big difference in height saddle spoke structural system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115233888B CN115233888B CN202110463523.XA CN202110463523A CN115233888B CN 115233888 B CN115233888 B CN 115233888B CN 202110463523 A CN202110463523 A CN 202110463523A CN 115233888 B CN115233888 B CN 115233888B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/14—Suspended roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/342—Structures covering a large free area, whether open-sided or not, e.g. hangars, halls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention relates to a saddle-shaped spoke structure system with large height difference, belongs to the technical field of space structures of constructional engineering, and solves the problems that a spoke type cable structure system in the prior art is not suitable for the situations of large height difference of an outer ring, large difference of long and short axes of the outer ring and large difference of lengths of radial cables. The cable tie truss comprises an inner pull ring, an outer pull ring and a radial cable tie truss, wherein the outer pull ring and the inner pull ring are in a saddle shape in space, the radial cable tie truss comprises a radial strut cable tie truss, the radial strut cable tie truss comprises a lower strut, one end of the lower strut is connected with the outer pull ring, and the other end of the lower strut is connected with the inner pull ring. The invention adopts the rigid lower stay bar to connect the inner pull ring and the outer press ring, provides the space integral rigidity and can form a saddle-shaped structure with large height difference.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of space structures of constructional engineering, in particular to a saddle-shaped spoke structure system with large height difference.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of national economy in China, large-span space structures such as large stadiums and the like put higher requirements on building structure design, the fitting degree requirement of buildings and structures becomes higher and higher, and a structure system needs to meet the requirements of more novel and elegant building models. Therefore, the structural system meets the building functions and shapes, and meanwhile, is reasonable in stress, economical, safe and convenient to construct. The spoke type cable structure is one of systems of a large-span space structure, has the characteristics of light dead weight, simple structure, convenience in construction and the like, and is widely applied to actual engineering. At present, the spoke type cable structure applied to practical engineering at home and abroad mainly comprises 4 forms of a single-layer outer ring single-layer inner ring type, a single-layer outer ring double-layer inner ring type, a double-layer outer ring single-layer inner ring type and a double-layer outer ring double-layer inner ring type.
The plane of the traditional spoke type cable structure is mostly circular or approximately circular, the height difference of the long axis and the short axis is not large, and the shape finding and stress conditions of the structure can be met by adopting a traditional design method. However, when the outer ring of the spoke type cable structure has a large height difference, an oval plane and a large length difference of radial cables, the traditional spoke type cable structure cannot perform structural shape finding due to cable connection, the structural stress balance condition is difficult to meet, and construction tensioning and cable force control cannot be realized.
In conclusion, in order to meet the requirements of the building roof modeling of the stadium, a novel spoke type structural system is provided, the requirements of large height difference of an outer ring, elliptical plane, large length difference of radial cables and the like can be met, and an effective solution is provided for the structural design of the large-span stadium roof.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention provides a saddle-shaped spoke structure with a large height difference, so as to solve the problem that the existing spoke-type cable structure is not suitable for the situation of large height difference of the outer ring, large difference of the long axis and the short axis of the outer ring, and large difference of the length of the radial cable.
The invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a big difference in height saddle spoke structural system, includes interior pull ring, external pressure ring and radial cable strut truss, external pressure ring with interior pull ring all is the saddle in the space, radial cable strut truss includes radial strut cable strut truss, radial strut cable strut truss includes down the vaulting pole, down the vaulting pole one end with the external pressure ring is connected, down the vaulting pole the other end with interior pull ring is connected.
Furthermore, the outer pressing ring comprises an upper pressing ring and a lower pressing ring, and the upper pressing ring and the lower pressing ring are superposed in the projection of the horizontal plane.
Further, the projections of the inner pull ring and the outer press ring to the horizontal plane are both elliptical.
Furthermore, the radial cable bar truss further comprises a small-included-angle radial cable truss and a radial cable truss, and two ends of the radial strut cable bar truss, the small-included-angle radial cable truss and the radial cable truss are respectively connected with the inner pull ring and the outer pressure ring.
Furthermore, the radial stay bar cable bar truss further comprises an upper stay, and the upper stay and the lower stay are connected with the inner pull ring through radial stay bar cable clamp nodes.
Furthermore, the small-included-angle radial cable truss comprises a first upper radial cable, a first lower radial cable and stay rods among the stay cables, wherein two ends of the stay rods among the stay cables are respectively connected with the first upper radial cable and the first lower radial cable through radial cable clamps.
Further, the first upper radial cable and the first lower radial cable are connected with the inner pull ring through small included angle radial cable clamp nodes.
Furthermore, the end part of the small included angle cable clamp node is provided with a cable head, and the included angle between the two cable heads is 9-21 degrees.
Further, the radial cable truss comprises a second upper radial cable and a second lower radial cable, and the second upper radial cable and the second lower radial cable are connected with the inner pull ring through common cable clamp nodes.
Furthermore, the radial cable rod truss is provided with n, and the n radial cable rod trusses are equally divided into the outer ring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) The rigid lower support rod is connected with the inner pull ring and the outer press ring, so that force transfer is clear, the overall space rigidity is provided, a large-height-difference saddle-shaped structure can be formed, the defects that the shape cannot be found and the large-height-difference saddle-shaped structure is difficult to form due to the fact that the traditional spoke type cable structure completely adopts a flexible cable are overcome, and the defects of the prior art are greatly overcome;
(2) The spoke type structure system conforms to the saddle-shaped mathematical equation, the highest point of the inner pull ring is positioned between the highest point of the upper compression ring and the highest point of the lower compression ring, and the lowest point of the inner pull ring is higher than the lowest point of the upper compression ring, so that the spoke type structure system is convenient for light collection and drainage, and the modeling of the traditional spoke type cable structure is widened;
(3) The stay bar ear plate is connected with the lower stay bar and used for forming a large-height-difference saddle-shaped spoke type structure system, the defect that the traditional stay rope node can only be connected with a stay rope and cannot be suitable for the large-height-difference saddle-shaped spoke type structure system is overcome, the construction of subsequent membrane material laying is facilitated, and the requirements of building lighting, drainage and the like are met;
(4) The edges of the second groove and the third groove are provided with fillets, so that the ring cable can be smoothly transited when passing through a cable hole of a radial strut cable clamp node, and sudden change and stress concentration are avoided;
(5) The cover plates arranged up and down protect the internal structure of the first base, so that components such as the first clamping plate are prevented from being directly exposed in the air;
(6) The upper stay cable and the lower stay bar are stressed and intersected with the centroid of the first base, so that the force transmission of a cable clamp node is definite, the spoke type structure system is ensured to be formed into a saddle-shaped structure with large height difference and meeting a mathematical equation, and the requirements of large height difference of an outer ring, large difference of a long axis and a short axis of the outer ring and large difference of the length of a radial cable are further met;
(7) The two cable heads are longitudinally arranged at one end of the double-lug plate in parallel to form a small angle between the double cables, and extension lines of the two cable heads intersect at the centroid of the base, so that force transmission of a cable clamp node is definite, a spoke type structure system is formed into a saddle-shaped structure with large height difference, and the requirements of large height difference of an outer ring, large difference of long and short axes of the outer ring and large difference of length of a radial cable are met.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spoke architecture according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spoke type architecture according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a spoke architecture in accordance with an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a long axis architecture of a spoke architecture in accordance with an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a short axis structure of a spoke architecture in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a radial strut cable truss configuration of an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a small included angle cable truss configuration according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a radial lattice truss structure according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a radial stay bar cable clamp node structure with an upper stay cable and a lower stay bar connected thereto according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a radial strut cable clamp node configuration of an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the upper structure of a radial strut cable clamp node according to an embodiment;
FIG. 12 is an exploded view of the embodiment radial brace cable clamp node substructure;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a first base structure according to one embodiment;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a first cleat configuration according to an embodiment;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a lower cover plate and a stay ear plate according to an embodiment;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a first pin assembly in accordance with an embodiment;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a force extension line of the upper cable and the lower stay of the exemplary embodiment through a centroid of the first base;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a small included angle diameter cable clamp node structure of the cable with diameter cables according to the embodiment;
FIG. 19 is an exploded view of the upper portion of a small included angle cable clamp node according to an embodiment;
FIG. 20 is an exploded view of the lower portion of the small angle diameter cable clamp node of the exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a second exemplary base structure;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a second cleat construction according to an embodiment;
FIG. 23 is a schematic view of a particular embodiment of a binaural cable assembly and base ear plate connection;
FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a radial cable clamp configuration according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a common cable clamp node according to an embodiment.
Reference numerals:
1-radial strut cable clamp node; 11-a first base; 111-a first recess; 112-a second groove; 12-stay cable ear plate; 13-stay ear plates; 14-a first splint; 141-a third groove; 15-upper cover plate; 16-a lower cover plate; 161-a backplane; 162-a web; 17-a first pin assembly; 171-a first pin; 172-a first pin end cap;
2-outer pressure ring; 21-pressing a ring; 22-lower compression ring; 3-radial cable bar trusses; 31-radial strut cable-strut trusses; 311-pulling up the cable; 312-lower stay; 32-small included angle diameter cable truss; 321-a first upper radial cable; 322-first lower radial cords; 323-stay bar between guys; 33-radial cable trusses; 331-a second upper radial cord; 332-a second lower radial cord; 4-inner pull ring;
5-small included angle diameter cable clamp node; 51-a second base; 511-a fourth groove; 512-fifth groove; 52-a second splint; 521-a sixth groove; 53-cover plate; 54-a binaural cable assembly; 541-double ear cable joint; 542-a second pin assembly; 543-stay cable head; 544-binaural panels; 545-a second pin; 546-a second pin cover plate; 55-base ear plate;
6-radial cable clamp; 61-a first cable hole; 62-ear plate; 7-common cable clamp node; 71-a second cable hole; 72-upper ear plate; 73-lower ear plate.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may include, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integrated connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, and an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "down," and "above … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.
The spoke type structure systems in the prior art are connected by the stay cables, so that a saddle-shaped spoke type structure system with the height difference of about 45 meters cannot be formed.
One embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 6, discloses a large-height-difference saddle-shaped spoke-type structure system, which includes an inner pull ring 4, an outer pull ring 2 and a radial cable truss 3, wherein the radial cable truss 3 includes a radial cable truss 31, the radial cable truss 31 includes a lower pull rod 312, one end of the lower pull rod 312 is connected to the outer pull ring 2, and the other end is connected to the inner pull ring 4.
Compared with the prior art, the big difference in height saddle spoke formula structural system that this embodiment provided adopts rigid lower vaulting pole to connect interior pull ring and outer pressure ring for biography power is clear and definite and provide space global rigidity, can the big difference in height saddle structure of shaping, has solved traditional cable structure and has all adopted flexible cable can't be looked for the shape, be difficult to form the drawback of big difference in height saddle shape configuration, greatly breaks through the not enough of prior art.
In this embodiment, the inner tension ring 4 is formed of circumferential cables, and the outer tension ring 2 is formed of pipe trusses. The outer pressing ring 2 comprises an upper pressing ring 21 and a lower pressing ring 22, the projections of the upper pressing ring 21 and the lower pressing ring 22 on the horizontal plane are overlapped, and as shown in fig. 3, the projections of the inner pulling ring 4 and the outer pressing ring 2 on the horizontal plane are oval.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the upper press ring 21 and the lower press ring 22 are connected by vertical pipe truss welding.
In order to make the spoke type structure system meet the requirement of large height difference, as shown in fig. 3, the ovality of the inner pull ring 4 is smaller than that of the outer pull ring 2, that is, the inner pull ring 4 is closer to a circle relative to the outer pull ring 2, in the z-axis direction, the highest point of the inner pull ring 4 is located between the highest point of the upper press ring 21 and the highest point of the lower press ring 22, and the lowest point of the inner pull ring 4 is higher than the lowest point of the upper press ring 21, so that the spoke type structure system forms a saddle-shaped structure with large height difference, which is convenient for lighting and drainage of building modeling.
The plane of the outer pressing ring 2 is oval, and a saddle surface is presented in space, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the length of the long axis of the oval plane of the outer pressing ring 2 is 2B, the length of the short axis is 2A, the height difference between the highest point of the upper pressing ring 21 and the building +/-0 position is H, and the maximum height difference of the upper pressing ring 21 is delta H; the plane of the inner pull ring 4 is oval, a saddle surface is spatially presented, the length of the long axis of the oval plane of the inner pull ring 4 is 2b, the length of the short axis is 2a, the height difference between the highest point of the inner pull ring and the +/-0 position of the building is h, and the maximum height difference of the inner pull ring is delta h.
The plane ovality of the inner tab 4 is:
the ovality of the outer ring 2 in the plane is:
due to P Outer cover ＞P Inner part Thus, thus
The space structure plane projection ellipse equation set of the upper compression ring 21 and the inner tension ring 4 is as follows:
the equation set of the saddle surface of the space of the upper compression ring 21 and the inner pull ring 4 is as follows:
it is noted that the plan ellipse equation of the lower compression ring 22 is the same as that of the upper compression ring 21.
In this embodiment, the inner pull ring 4 and the outer press ring 2 (including the upper press ring 21 and the lower press ring 22) are saddle surfaces in space, and the plane projection is elliptical, so that the building model of the spoke type structure system meets the above mathematical equation, and the model of the traditional spoke type cable structure is greatly widened.
The radial cable rod truss 3 is provided with n cables, and the n radial cable rod trusses 3 are equally divided into the outer rings 2, so that the stress of the spoke type structure system is balanced, and the integral stability of the spoke type structure system is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2, the radial cable truss 3 further includes a small-included-angle cable truss 32 and a radial cable truss 33, two ends of the radial strut cable truss 31, the small-included-angle cable truss 32 and the radial cable truss 33 are respectively connected with the inner pull ring 4 and the outer ring 2, and the arrangement positions of the three are respectively symmetrical about the x axis and the y axis of the spoke type structural system.
The numerical simulation calculation shows that if all flexible cables are adopted for tensioning, an ideal configuration cannot be achieved, the design requirement of a saddle shape with large height difference cannot be met, and in order to achieve the ideal configuration, meet the requirements of building shapes, drainage gradient and the like of the saddle shape with large height difference, the radial stay bar cable bar truss 31 is introduced, and the radial stay bar (the lower stay bar 312) bears pressure. As shown in fig. 2, the radial stay cable bar trusses 31, which need to receive pressure, are arranged in bilaterally symmetric areas of the highest point of the outer ring 2. The small-included-angle cable truss 32 needs q small-included-angle cable trusses 32 which are distributed in symmetrical areas on two sides of the lowest point of the outer ring 2, and the stay 323 between the cables is used for stabilizing. The radial cable truss 33 is short in cables, does not need rod stabilizing cables among cable struts, and is arranged between the radial strut cable rod truss 31 and the area where the small-included-angle radial cable truss 32 is arranged, wherein p + q + s = n.
The radial stay cable-strut truss 31 includes an upper stay cable 311 and a lower stay 312, as shown in fig. 6 and 9, the upper stay cable 311 and the lower stay 312 are connected by a radial stay cable-strut node 1, one end of the upper stay cable 311 is connected to the radial stay cable-strut node 1, the other end is connected to the upper compression ring 21, one end of the lower stay 312 is connected to the radial stay cable-strut node 1, and the other end is connected to the lower compression ring 22.
Specifically, the inner tension ring 4 passes through the cable hole of the radial stay cable clamp node 1, as shown in fig. 9 and 16, the upper tension cable 311 is connected to the tension cable ear plate 12 of the radial stay cable clamp node 1 through the first pin assembly 17, and the lower tension cable 312 is connected to the stay ear plate 13 of the radial stay cable clamp node 1 through the first pin assembly 17.
The small-included-angle cable truss 32 comprises a first upper radial cable 321, a first lower radial cable 322 and an inter-cable stay 323, as shown in fig. 7 and 24, the first upper radial cable 321 and the inter-cable stay 323, and the first lower radial cable 322 and the inter-cable stay 323 are connected through a radial cable clamp 6.
Specifically, two ends of the inter-cable stay 323 are respectively connected with a radial cable clamp 6, a first upper radial cable 321 passes through a first cable hole 61 of the radial cable clamp 6 at one end of the inter-cable stay 323 and is connected with the upper press ring 21 and the inner pull ring 4, a first lower radial cable 322 passes through a first cable hole 61 of the radial cable clamp 6 at the other end of the inter-cable stay 323 and is connected with the lower press ring 22 and the inner pull ring 4, and the inter-cable stay 323 is connected to an ear plate 62 of the radial cable clamp 6 through a pin shaft.
In consideration of the stability of the small-included-angle radial cable truss 32, the inter-cable stay 323 is provided with one or more stay(s), specifically, the length of the cable (the first upper radial cable 321 and the first lower radial cable 322) of the small-included-angle radial cable truss 32 is set according to fig. 2 and 7, the longer cable is provided with a plurality of inter-cable stays 323, the small-included-angle radial cable truss 32 at the lowest point of the spoke type structural system is provided with two inter-cable stays 323, the shorter cable is provided with one inter-cable stay 323, and the small-included-angle radial cable truss 32 is provided with one inter-cable stay 323 in the vicinity of the radial cable truss 33.
It should be noted that the first upper radial cable 321 and the first lower radial cable 322 are both connected to the inner pull ring 4 through the small included angle radial cable clamp node 5, specifically, as shown in fig. 18 and 23, the inner pull ring 4 passes through a cable hole of the small included angle radial cable clamp node 5, the first upper radial cable 321 is connected to the cable head 543 (upper cable head) of the small included angle radial cable clamp node 5 through the second pin assembly, and the first lower radial cable 322 is connected to the cable head 543 (lower cable head) of the small included angle radial cable clamp node 5 through the second pin assembly.
In this embodiment, the small included angle means that the included angle between the first upper radial cables 321 and the first lower radial cables 322 is 9 ° to 21 °.
The radial cable truss 33 comprises a second upper radial cable 331 and a second lower radial cable 332, as shown in fig. 8 and 25, the second upper radial cable 331, the second lower radial cable 332 and the inner pull ring 4 are connected by a common cable clamp node 7, specifically, the inner pull ring 4 passes through a second cable hole 71 of the common cable clamp node 7, the second upper radial cable 331 is connected with an upper ear plate 72 of the common cable clamp node 7 by a third pin shaft, and the second lower radial cable 332 is connected with a lower ear plate 73 of the common cable clamp node 7 by a third pin shaft.
Radial vaulting pole cable clamp node 1 includes first base 11, stay cable otic placode 12 and vaulting pole otic placode 13, as shown in fig. 9, and vaulting pole otic placode 13 encloses the bottom and the tip of locating first base 11, and stay cable otic placode 12 and vaulting pole otic placode 13 are located same one end of first base 11, and stay cable otic placode 12 is located the top of vaulting pole otic placode 13.
Compared with the prior art, the radial vaulting pole cable clip node that this embodiment provided, be equipped with the vaulting pole otic placode, the vaulting pole is connected to the vaulting pole otic placode, be used for forming big difference in height saddle spoke formula structure system, overcome traditional cable node and only can connect the drawback that the cable can't be applicable to big difference in height saddle spoke formula structure system, and simultaneously, the vaulting pole otic placode encloses the bottom and the tip of locating first base and has increased the joint strength with first base of vaulting pole otic placode, avoided the vaulting pole otic placode only with the end connection of first base, can't adapt to the problem of big difference in intensity spoke formula structure system.
As shown in fig. 13, the first base 11 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the top of the first base is provided with a first groove 111, the bottom of the first groove 111 is provided with a second groove 112, the second groove 112 is communicated with the side surface and the top surface of the first base 11, the first groove 111 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the second groove 112 is U-shaped.
It is worth noting that the second groove 112 is an arc-shaped groove, the center of the arc is located on the side far away from the guy cable lug 12, meanwhile, round corners are arranged on the edges of the second groove 112 and the third groove 141, and the arc of the second groove 112 matches the arc of the loop cable at the node, so that the loop cable is prevented from generating stress concentration when passing through a cable hole (formed by the second groove 112 and the third groove 141 of the first clamping plate 14 covering the second groove 112), the loop cable smoothly passes through the cable hole, no large sudden change exists, the loss of prestress is reduced, and the friction is reduced.
It should be noted that the first base 11 is a symmetrical structure, that is, the bottom structure and the top structure of the first base 11 are the same, and the first groove 111 and the second groove 112 are also provided, which is not described herein again.
The radial stay cable clamp node 1 further includes a first clamping plate 14, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the first clamping plate 14 is disposed at the bottom of the first groove 111 and connected to the bottom surface of the first groove 111 by a bolt.
As shown in fig. 14, the first clamping plate 14 is in an omega shape, a third groove 141 is formed in the middle of the first clamping plate 14, the third groove 141 is semicircular, the third groove 141 is opposite to the second groove 112 to form a cable hole for placing a looped cable, screw holes are formed on two sides of the third groove 141, and the length of the clamping plate 14 is not greater than the width of the first groove 111.
In this embodiment, the length of the first clamping plate 14 is equal to the width of the first groove 111, and a plurality of cable holes are formed at the bottom of the first groove 111, specifically, six cable holes are formed on the first base 11, and are arranged symmetrically up and down.
The radial stay cable clamp node 1 further comprises an upper cover plate 15 and a lower cover plate 16, as shown in fig. 9, the upper cover plate 15 and the lower cover plate 16 are respectively arranged on the top and the bottom of the first base 11. By providing the upper cover 15 and the lower cover 16 on the top and the bottom of the first base 11, respectively, for protecting the internal structure of the first base 11, the components inside the first base 11 are prevented from being directly exposed to the air.
As shown in fig. 11, the upper cover plate 15 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure and is connected to the top of the first base 11 through a screw, and the length and the width of the upper cover plate 15 are respectively equal to those of the first base 11. As shown in fig. 15, the lower cover plate 16 includes a bottom plate 161 and a web 162, the web 162 is disposed in the middle of one end of the top surface of the bottom plate 161, and in the present embodiment, the web 162 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, one end of the web 162 is welded to the first base 11, and the height of the web 162 is equal to one third of the height of the first base 11, that is, one end third of the first base 11 is welded to the web 162.
The stay bar ear plate 13 comprises a bottom plate connecting part and a web connecting part, the bottom of the bottom plate 161 is arranged on the bottom plate connecting part, the web connecting part is connected with the other end of the web 162, the top surface of the web 162 is flush with the top surface of the web connecting part, and the top surfaces of the web 162 and the web connecting part are all welded with the bottom of the stay bar ear plate 12.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, the cable lug 12 is cast with the first base 11, the bottom plate connecting portion of the stay lug 13 is cast with the bottom plate 161, the web 162 is cast with the web connecting portion of the stay lug 13, the web 162 is welded with the first base 11 to form a first welding seam, and the web 162 and the stay lug 13 are welded with the cable lug 12 together to form a second welding seam.
It is noted that the cable lug 12 and the stay lug 13 are coplanar with the plane of symmetry of the first base 11 and perpendicular to the upper cover 15.
As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 17, the cable ear plate 12 and the strut ear plate 13 are both connected to the upper cable 311 and the lower strut 312 through the first pin assembly 17, specifically, the cable ear plate 12 is provided with a first ear plate hole, the strut ear plate 13 is provided with a second ear plate hole, and the first pin assembly 17 passes through the first ear plate hole and the second ear plate hole to be connected to the upper cable 311 and the lower strut 312 respectively.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 17, the upper cable 311 is forced to pass through the center of the first ear plate hole and the centroid of the first base 11, and the lower stay 312 is forced to pass through the center of the second ear plate hole and the centroid of the first base 11, so that the cable clamp node is reasonably stressed, force transmission is clear, and the forming of the large-height-difference saddle-shaped spoke type structure system is ensured.
As shown in fig. 16, the first pin assembly 17 includes a first pin 171 and a first pin end cover 172, the first pin end cover 172 covers both ends of the first pin 171, and is connected with the first pin 171 through a screw, the diameter of the first pin end cover 172 is greater than the diameter of the first lug hole and the second lug hole, and the first pin 171 is axially limited through the first pin end cover 172.
In the radial stay bar cable clamp node of the embodiment, the edges of the second groove and the third groove are subjected to fillet treatment, so that a ring cable is more smoothly transited when passing through a cable hole of the radial stay bar cable clamp node, and sudden change and stress concentration are avoided; the cover plates arranged up and down protect the internal structure of the first base, so that components such as the first clamping plate are prevented from being directly exposed in the air; the lower stay bar is connected to the stay bar otic placode for form big difference in height saddle spoke formula structural system, overcome traditional cable node and only can connect the drawback that the cable can't be applicable to big difference in height saddle spoke formula structural system, be of value to the construction of follow-up laying membrane material simultaneously, satisfy requirements such as building daylighting, drainage.
As shown in fig. 18 and 19, the small included angle diameter cable clamp node 5 includes a second base 51, a second clamping plate 52, a cover plate 53 and a double-ear cable assembly 54, wherein both the top surface and the bottom surface of the second base 51 are provided with a groove, the second clamping plate 52 is arranged in the groove, the cover plate 53 is arranged on the top surface and the bottom surface of the second base 51 in a covering manner, and the double-ear cable assembly 54 is arranged at one end of the second base 51 and is used for connecting a double cable.
Compared with the prior art, the small included angle footpath cable clamp node that this embodiment provided, in the recess of second base was located to the second splint to establish with the apron lid, avoid the second splint directly to expose in the air, avoid resulting in the second splint to damage at the excessive speed, the one end of second base is equipped with the ears cable subassembly of connecting two cables, can satisfy the connection of two small included angle cables simultaneously.
As shown in fig. 22, the second base 51 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the top surface of the second base is provided with a fourth groove 511 (i.e. the groove mentioned above), the bottom of the fourth groove 511 is provided with a fifth groove 512, the fifth groove 512 is communicated with the side surface and the top surface of the second base 51, the fourth groove 511 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the fifth groove 512 is U-shaped, the second clamp plate 52 is arranged at the bottom of the fourth groove 511, and the sixth groove 521 of the second clamp plate 52 faces the fourth groove 512 to form a cable hole for placing a looped cable.
It is worth noting that the fifth groove 512 is an arc-shaped groove, the center of the arc is located on the side far away from the double-lug inhaul cable assembly 54, meanwhile, fillets are arranged on the edges of the fifth groove 512 and the sixth groove 521, and the arc of the fifth groove 512 is matched with the bent radian of the ring cable at the node, so that stress concentration is avoided when the ring cable passes through the cable hole, the ring cable smoothly passes through the cable hole, and large sudden change does not exist.
It should be noted that the second base 51 has a symmetrical structure, that is, the bottom surface structure and the top surface structure of the second base 51 are the same, and the fourth groove 511 and the fifth groove 512 are also provided, which is not described herein again.
As shown in fig. 19, 20 and 21, the second clamping plate 12 is in an omega shape, a sixth groove 521 is formed in the middle of the second clamping plate 52, the sixth groove 521 is in a semicircular shape, screw holes are formed in two sides of the sixth groove 521, the length of the second clamping plate 52 is not greater than the width of the fourth groove 511, in this embodiment, the length of the second clamping plate 52 is equal to the width of the fourth groove 511, a plurality of cable holes are formed in the bottom of the fourth groove 511, and six cable holes are formed in the second base 51 and are arranged in an up-down symmetrical manner.
In this embodiment, the second clamping plate 52 is connected to the bottom surface of the fourth groove 511 by a bolt, the sixth groove 521 is opposite to the fourth groove 512 to form a cable hole, the cover plate 53 is connected to the top surface and the bottom surface of the second base 51 by a screw, and the length and the width of the cover plate 53 are respectively equal to those of the second base 51.
As shown in fig. 19, the small included angle diameter cable clamp node 5 further includes a base ear plate 55 for connecting the two-ear cable assembly 54, the base ear plate 55 is disposed in the middle of the end surface of one end of the second base 51, a third ear plate hole is disposed on the base ear plate 55, and an axis of the third ear plate hole is parallel to the length direction of the fifth groove 512.
The two guy cable heads 543 are arranged, the two guy cable heads 543 are longitudinally arranged at one end of the double ear plate 544 side by side, the two guy cable heads 543 form a small angle between the double guy cables, the extension lines of the two guy cable heads 543 intersect with the centroid of the second base 51, the stress is reasonable, the force transmission is clear, namely, the guy cables connected with the guy cable heads 543 are stressed to intersect with the centroid of the second base 51, so that the loop cable stress and the radial cable stress are at the same point, and the forming of the large-height-difference saddle-shaped spoke structure system is ensured.
In this embodiment, the base ear plate 55 is cast with the second base 51, and the cable head 543 is cast with the double ear plate 544.
As shown in fig. 23, the second pin shaft assembly 542 includes a second pin shaft 545 and a second pin shaft end cap 546, the second pin shaft end cap 546 is disposed at two ends of the second pin shaft 545 and connected to the second pin shaft 545 through a screw, the length of the second pin shaft 545 is equal to the width of the double lug plate 544, the diameter of the second pin shaft end cap 546 is greater than the diameter of the fourth lug plate hole, and the second pin shaft 545 is limited by the second pin shaft end cap 546.
The small included angle footpath cable clamp node of this embodiment processing simple manufacture, simple to operate, concrete implementation process is: the looped cable is placed in the fifth groove 512, covered with the second clamping plate 52, and fixed by connecting the second clamping plate 52 with the bottom surface of the second base 51 through bolts; fixing the cover plate 53 to the upper and lower surfaces of the second base 51 by bolts; the double-lug cable joint 541 and the base ear plate 55 are connected together through a second pin shaft assembly 542; finally the double cable is connected to the cable head 543.
In the cable clamp node of the embodiment, the edges of the fifth groove and the sixth groove are subjected to fillet treatment, so that the ring cable is smoothly transited when passing through a cable hole, and places with sudden change and stress concentration are avoided; the cover plates arranged up and down protect the internal structure of the second base, and components such as the second clamping plate are prevented from being directly exposed in the air; the two inhaul cable heads are longitudinally arranged at one end of the double-lug plate side by side to form a small angle between the double inhaul cables, and the extension lines of the two inhaul cable heads intersect at the centroid of the base, so that the stress of the cable clamp node is reasonable, the force transmission is clear, and the forming of a saddle-shaped spoke type structure system with large height difference is ensured.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. A large-height-difference saddle-shaped spoke type structural system is characterized by comprising an inner pull ring (4), an outer pull ring (2) and a radial cable bar truss (3), wherein the outer pull ring (2) and the inner pull ring (4) are saddle-shaped in space, the radial cable bar truss (3) comprises a radial strut cable bar truss (31), the radial strut cable bar truss (31) comprises a lower strut (312), one end of the lower strut (312) is connected with the outer pull ring (2), and the other end of the lower strut (312) is connected with the inner pull ring (4);
the radial cable strut truss (3) further comprises a small included angle diameter cable truss (32) and a radial cable truss (33), and two ends of the radial strut cable strut truss (31), the small included angle diameter cable truss (32) and the radial cable truss (33) are respectively connected with the inner pull ring (4) and the outer press ring (2);
the radial stay bar cable bar truss (31) further comprises an upper stay (311), and the upper stay (311) and the lower stay (312) are connected with the inner pull ring (4) through a radial stay bar cable clamp node (1);
the small-included-angle radial cable truss (32) comprises a first upper radial cable (321), a first lower radial cable (322) and stay bars (323) among the cables, wherein two ends of the stay bars (323) among the cables are respectively connected with the first upper radial cable (321) and the first lower radial cable (322) through radial cable clamps (6).
2. The large-height-difference saddle-shaped spoke construction system according to claim 1, wherein the outer press ring (2) comprises an upper press ring (21) and a lower press ring (22), and projections of the upper press ring (21) and the lower press ring (22) on a horizontal plane are coincident.
3. The large-height-difference saddle-type spoke-like structural system according to claim 1, wherein the projections of the inner pull ring (4) and the outer pressure ring (2) onto the horizontal plane are both elliptical.
4. The large-altitude-difference saddle-type spoke architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that said first upper radial cables (321) and said first lower radial cables (322) are each connected to said inner tab (4) by a small-clip-angle radial cable-clip node (5).
5. The large-height-difference saddle-shaped spoke type structure system according to claim 4, wherein the end part of the small-included-angle-diameter cable clamp node (5) is provided with a cable head (543), and the included angle of the two cable heads (543) is 9-21 degrees.
6. The large-height-difference saddle-spoke architecture according to claim 1, wherein the radial cable truss (33) comprises second upper radial cables (331) and second lower radial cables (332), the second upper radial cables (331) and the second lower radial cables (332) being connected to the inner tension ring (4) by common cable clamp nodes (7).
7. A large height difference saddle spoke type structure system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein n radial cable-strut trusses (3) are provided, and n radial cable-strut trusses (3) equally divide the outer ring (2).
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