CN115233053A - Rare earth aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance and processing method - Google Patents
Rare earth aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115233053A CN115233053A CN202210719047.8A CN202210719047A CN115233053A CN 115233053 A CN115233053 A CN 115233053A CN 202210719047 A CN202210719047 A CN 202210719047A CN 115233053 A CN115233053 A CN 115233053A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
Abstract
The invention discloses a rare earth aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance and a processing method thereof, and mainly relates to the technical field of aluminum alloys. The components of the material by mass percent are as follows: 5-7% of Zn,2-3% of Mg and 0.3-0.7% of Gd, and the balance of Al and impurities. The invention has the beneficial effects that: it has good corrosion resistance and can be applied to ship bodies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a rare earth aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance and a processing method thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy has the advantages of small density, rich resources, moderate price, good processing performance, low strength, no magnetism, welding, particularly excellent Friction Stir Welding (FSW) performance, strong corrosion resistance, no low-temperature brittleness, balanced increase of the strength and plasticity (elongation, compressibility and toughness) along with the decrease of the temperature at low temperature, capability of working at the temperature of below 200 ℃ below zero or lower, good high-temperature performance, but not capability of working for a long time at the temperature of above 180 ℃, strong recyclability and the like, thereby being suitable for manufacturing some parts of ships.
In order to reduce the mass of the ship, aluminum materials are the preferred materials for manufacturing ship bodies, superstructures and other appliances, and particularly, the best materials for manufacturing planing boats, hydrofoils, hovercraft and hydrofoils. Since their mass is particularly sensitive to speed, i.e. lightening the hull mass is extremely effective in improving speed. The hull of the medium-sized naval vessel and the superstructure of the large-sized naval vessel are made of aluminum materials, but when the naval vessel is ignited and burnt by a medium missile, if the hull and the superstructure are not effectively controlled, the aluminum structure collapses for a long time, because aluminum is not a high-temperature material. After the mass of the ship body is reduced, the speed of the large and medium-sized naval vessels can be improved under the condition of the same host power. The increase of modern naval vessels navigation instrument equipment and weaponry leads the upper part of the naval vessels to have increased mass and reduced stability. In order to ensure stability, it is imperative to lighten the upper mass, making the superstructure of aluminium is the most effective measure. However, when aluminum alloy is used for a hull, the corrosion resistance needs to be improved, and the conventional aluminum alloy has high corrosion resistance
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rare earth aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance and a processing method thereof, wherein the rare earth aluminum alloy has good corrosion resistance and can be applied to ship hulls.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a rare earth aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-7% of Zn,2-3% of Mg and 0.3-0.7% of Gd, and the balance of Al and impurities.
Further, the mass of the impurities is less than 0.15% of the total mass;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the impurities comprise one or any of Fe, si, ni and Mn.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing aluminum, zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd as raw materials, and preheating;
step two: melting aluminum, heating to 730-760 ℃, adding zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd, removing impurities after all metals are melted, stirring for 4-8 minutes, cooling to 710 ℃, and standing for 10-25 minutes;
step three: under the protection of protective gas, casting the mixture into a steel mould with a cooling system for molding, preserving heat for 4-12 hours at 530-600 ℃, and then cooling in air;
step four: turning and removing the oxide skin, and extruding to obtain the aluminum alloy bar.
Furthermore, the purity of the aluminum, the zinc and the magnesium is more than 99.9 percent,
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the purity of the intermediate alloy Al-Gd is more than 99.5 percent;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the intermediate alloy Al-Gd is the intermediate alloy Al-25Gd.
Further, in the first step, the raw materials are sent into a preheating kettle, and the preheating temperature of the preheating kettle is 350-500 ℃;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the third step, the mould is preheated to 300-400 ℃ before casting,
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the fourth step, the extrusion temperature is 435-500 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 5-22, and the speed of the extrusion punch is 0.6-2.7mm/min.
The method for processing the rare earth aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance is another aspect of the invention.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the aluminum alloy has the advantages of low Zn and Mg element content, high biological safety, low cost, simple process and the like, an LPSO structure is formed in the cast aluminum alloy with low Gd and Zn content by controlling the solidification rate, a dissociable eutectic phase beneficial to the corrosion resistance of the alloy is formed in the cast alloy after Gd is added, the microstructure is adjustable, mg has the function of refining grains, the structure is improved by refining the grains, the uniformity of the structure is improved, and the corrosion resistance of the alloy is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure view of an as-cast alloy in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of LPSO structure and Al3Gd phase in the extruded state in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of an as-cast alloy having a dissimilarity eutectic structure in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present application.
Unless otherwise specified, the instruments, reagents, materials and the like used in the following examples are conventional instruments, reagents, materials and the like known in the art and are commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods, detection methods, and the like described in the following examples are conventional experimental methods, detection methods, and the like in the prior art.
Example 1:
the method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing aluminum, zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd according to the mass percent of 5 percent of Zn,2 percent of Mg and 0.3 percent of Gd, and the balance of Al, and sending the aluminum, the zinc, the magnesium and the intermediate alloy Al-Gd into a preheating kettle for preheating at 400 ℃;
step two: feeding aluminum into a melting kettle for melting, heating to 750 ℃ after melting, adding zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd, removing impurities after all metals are melted, stirring for 5 minutes, cooling to 710 ℃, and standing for 10 minutes;
step three: under the protection of protective gas, casting the mixture into a steel mould with a cooling system for forming, preserving heat for 8 hours at 580 ℃, and then cooling in air;
step four: turning and removing the oxide skin, and extruding the aluminum alloy bar at the extrusion temperature of 490 ℃.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing aluminum, zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd according to the mass percent of 6 percent of Zn,2.5 percent of Mg, 0.5 percent of Gd and the balance of Al, and sending the Al, the zinc, the magnesium and the intermediate alloy Al-Gd into a preheating kettle for preheating at 400 ℃;
step two: feeding aluminum into a melting kettle for melting, heating to 750 ℃ after melting, adding zinc, magnesium and an intermediate alloy Al-Gd, removing impurities after all metals are melted, stirring for 5 minutes, cooling to 710 ℃, and standing for 10 minutes;
step three: under the protection of protective gas, casting the mixture into a steel mould with a cooling system for forming, preserving heat for 8 hours at 580 ℃, and then cooling in air;
step four: turning and removing oxide skin, and extruding at 490 deg.C to obtain aluminum alloy bar.
Example 3
The method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing aluminum, zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd according to the mass percent of 7 percent of Zn,3 percent of Mg and 0.6 percent of Gd, and the balance of Al, and sending the aluminum, the zinc, the magnesium and the intermediate alloy Al-Gd into a preheating kettle for preheating at 400 ℃;
step two: feeding aluminum into a melting kettle for melting, heating to 750 ℃ after melting, adding zinc, magnesium and an intermediate alloy Al-Gd, removing impurities after all metals are melted, stirring for 5 minutes, cooling to 710 ℃, and standing for 10 minutes;
step three: under the protection of protective gas, casting the mixture into a steel mould with a cooling system for forming, preserving heat for 8 hours at 580 ℃, and then cooling in air;
step four: turning and removing oxide skin, and extruding at 490 deg.C to obtain aluminum alloy bar.
Example 4
The method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing aluminum, zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd according to the mass percent of 6.5 percent of Zn,2 percent of Mg, 0.7 percent of Gd and the balance of Al, and sending the Al, the zinc, the magnesium and the intermediate alloy Al-Gd into a preheating kettle for preheating at 400 ℃;
step two: feeding aluminum into a melting kettle for melting, heating to 750 ℃ after melting, adding zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd, removing impurities after all metals are melted, stirring for 5 minutes, cooling to 710 ℃, and standing for 10 minutes;
step three: under the protection of protective gas, casting the mixture into a steel mould with a cooling system for forming, preserving heat for 8 hours at 580 ℃, and then cooling in air;
step four: turning and removing oxide skin, and extruding at the extrusion temperature of 460 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy bar.
Performance detection
The Al-Zn-Mn series aluminum alloy produced by the Nanshan aluminum industry is selected as a comparison example, and the performance comparison table I shows that:
as can be seen from Table I, in examples 1-4, the preparation method obtains the low-rare earth Gd-content and low-cost rare earth aluminum alloy through reasonable alloy component design and process control, the alloy has an LPSO structure in both an as-cast state and an extruded state, a dissimilarity eutectic structure is formed after Mg is added, and Al is precipitated in the extruded state 3 The Gd reinforcing phase is close to the corrosion potential of the matrix, so that the occurrence of galvanic corrosion is reduced. The invention obviously reduces the cost and improves the mechanics and corrosion resistance.
Claims (8)
1. The rare earth aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 5-7% of Zn,2-3% of Mg and 0.3-0.7% of Gd, and the balance of Al and impurities.
2. The rare earth aluminum alloy having high corrosion resistance according to claim 1, wherein the impurity is less than 0.15% by mass of the total mass;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the impurities comprise one or any of Fe, si, ni and Mn.
3. The rare earth aluminum alloy having high corrosion resistance according to claim 1, which is obtained by a method comprising:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing aluminum, zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd as raw materials, and preheating;
step two: melting aluminum, heating to 730-760 ℃, adding zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd, removing impurities after all metals are melted, stirring for 4-8 minutes, cooling to 710 ℃, and standing for 10-25 minutes;
step three: under the protection of protective gas, casting the mixture into a steel mould with a cooling system for molding, preserving heat for 4-12 hours at 530-600 ℃, and then cooling in air;
step four: turning and removing the oxide skin, and extruding to obtain the aluminum alloy bar.
4. A rare earth aluminum alloy having high corrosion resistance according to claim 3, wherein the purity of aluminum, zinc and magnesium is 99.9% or more,
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the purity of the intermediate alloy Al-Gd is more than 99.5 percent;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the intermediate alloy Al-Gd is the intermediate alloy Al-25Gd.
5. The rare earth aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance as recited in claim 3, wherein in the first step, the raw materials are fed into a preheating kettle, and the preheating temperature of the preheating kettle is 350-500 ℃;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the third step, the mould is preheated to 300-400 ℃ before casting,
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the fourth step, the extrusion temperature is 435-500 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 5-22, and the speed of the extrusion punch is 0.6-2.7mm/min.
6. The method of processing a rare earth aluminum alloy having high corrosion resistance as recited in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the step of,
the method comprises the following steps: weighing aluminum, zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd as raw materials, and preheating;
step two: melting aluminum, heating to 730-760 ℃, adding zinc, magnesium and intermediate alloy Al-Gd, removing impurities after all metals are melted, stirring for 4-8 minutes, cooling to 710 ℃, and standing for 10-25 minutes;
step three: under the protection of protective gas, casting the mixture into a steel mould with a cooling system for molding, preserving heat for 4-12 hours at 530-600 ℃, and then cooling in air;
step four: turning and removing the oxide skin, and extruding to obtain the aluminum alloy bar.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the purity of the Al, zn, and Mg is 99.9% or higher,
the purity of the intermediate alloy Al-Gd is more than 99.5 percent;
the intermediate alloy Al-Gd is intermediate alloy Al-25Gd.
8. The method for processing the rare earth aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance according to claim 6, wherein in the first step, the raw materials are fed into a preheating kettle, and the preheating temperature of the preheating kettle is 350-500 ℃;
in the third step, the mould is preheated to 300-400 ℃ before casting,
in the fourth step, the extrusion temperature is 435-500 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 5-22, and the speed of the extrusion punch is 0.6-2.7mm/min.
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Citations (4)
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| WO2017020645A1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-09 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Electronic device, die-casting aluminium alloy, and preparation method for die-casting aluminium alloy |
| CN107502797A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2017-12-22 | 辽宁忠大铝业有限公司 | A kind of heat-resistant rare earth aluminium alloy of intensity stabilization and preparation method thereof |
| CN112853138A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-28 | 中色（天津）特种材料有限公司 | Novel vulcanizer profile for mine and preparation method thereof |
| CN114540676A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-27 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Rare earth aluminum alloy with corrosion resistance and processing method |
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- 2022-06-23 CN CN202210719047.8A patent/CN115233053A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017020645A1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-09 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Electronic device, die-casting aluminium alloy, and preparation method for die-casting aluminium alloy |
| CN107502797A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2017-12-22 | 辽宁忠大铝业有限公司 | A kind of heat-resistant rare earth aluminium alloy of intensity stabilization and preparation method thereof |
| CN112853138A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-28 | 中色（天津）特种材料有限公司 | Novel vulcanizer profile for mine and preparation method thereof |
| CN114540676A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-27 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Rare earth aluminum alloy with corrosion resistance and processing method |
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