CN115231816B - Method for manufacturing ultra-small self-focusing lens - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing ultra-small self-focusing lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN115231816B CN115231816B CN202110439975.4A CN202110439975A CN115231816B CN 115231816 B CN115231816 B CN 115231816B CN 202110439975 A CN202110439975 A CN 202110439975A CN 115231816 B CN115231816 B CN 115231816B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical group [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/10—Non-chemical treatment
- C03B37/16—Cutting or severing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
Abstract
The application provides a manufacturing method of a microminiature self-focusing lens, which relates to the technical field of microminiature lens processing, and comprises the steps of drawing and forming a blank to obtain a thread-like material; the blank is self-focusing glass blank; performing ion exchange on the filament material and potassium ions to obtain semi-finished filament; and (5) preparing the semi-finished yarn into a lens finished product. The ovality of the product can be ensured by one-step wiredrawing molding, the final wire diameter size can be obtained, and the preparation efficiency is high; the salt bath carries out potassium ion exchange on the filiform materials, so that the semi-finished product filiform has refractive index distributed from the surface to the center in a gradient way, and the glass medium has self-focusing performance, has excellent optical characteristics such as product image quality, angle of vision and the like and has lower field curvature aberration; and finally, processing the semi-finished product wire to remove end surface flaws, and obtaining the finished lens product with the wire diameter of 0.214-0.215 mm and the length of 0.4-0.5 mm. The product with smaller size is obtained, the optical parameter performance is better, the production cost is low, and the production can be customized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of ultra-small lens processing, in particular to a manufacturing method of an ultra-small self-focusing lens.
Background
The self-focusing lens refers to a columnar optical lens with refractive index distribution gradually changed along the radial direction, and has focusing and imaging functions. Characteristics of the self-focusing lens when light rays are propagated in air and encounter different media, the propagation direction of the light rays is changed due to the fact that the refractive indexes of the media are different, and the self-focusing lens is often applied to the biomedical aspect and used as an endoscope.
Miniaturization is a feature common to these products, since biomedical related products need to enter the human body. The use of miniature endoscopes on the market at present for minimally invasive surgery has the following objective disadvantages: generally, the diameter is large, and the restriction is imposed on the operation of placing the endoscope into a narrow cavity channel in a human body; imaging quality is general, affecting the surgical effect; in addition, during manufacturing, the process parameters are used more severely, and the requirements on equipment are high; the lens is difficult to form and the manufacturing cost is high. In summary, the existing self-focusing lens has certain restrictions on the application range, quality, economic cost and production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a manufacturing method of a microminiature self-focusing lens, which can manufacture the microminiature lens, and has the advantages of wide application range, good imaging quality and low cost.
In one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a method for manufacturing a subminiature self-focusing lens is provided, including drawing and molding a blank to obtain a filament; wherein the blank is a self-focusing glass blank; performing ion exchange on the filament material and potassium ions to obtain semi-finished filament; and (5) preparing the semi-finished yarn into a lens finished product.
Optionally, drawing the blank into a shape to obtain a filament comprises: hoisting a blank with the diameter of 30-50 mm and the length of 300-500 mm; vertically feeding the blank into a heating furnace at a first preset speed for heating, and softening the blank entering the heating furnace at 650-700 ℃; and the softened blank falls out from a discharge hole of the heating furnace along the gravity direction to obtain the filiform material.
Optionally, after the softened blank falls out from the discharge hole of the heating furnace along the gravity direction to obtain the filiform material, the method further comprises: drawing the dropped filiform material at a second preset speed; cutting the filament material according to a first preset length to obtain a short filament with a filament diameter of 0.214-0.215 mm.
Optionally, after pulling the dropped filament at the second preset speed, the method further comprises: and monitoring the drawn filiform materials through a wire diameter meter to obtain the wire diameters of the filiform materials.
Optionally, after monitoring the drawn filar by a wire gauge to obtain a wire diameter of the filar, the method comprises: feeding back the wire diameter of the wire material to a controller; the controller controls the first preset speed and the second preset speed to control the filament diameter of the filament.
Optionally, ion exchanging the filaments with potassium ions to obtain semi-finished filaments comprising: hanging the short filaments; immersing the chopped filaments into a salt bath furnace for salt bath, keeping the salt bath temperature at 500-600 ℃, and keeping the constant temperature for 0.5-2.5 h to obtain semi-finished filaments; wherein the composition of the molten salt solution comprises >98% potassium nitrate, <0.5% sodium nitrate, <0.2% ammonium nitrate and <0.2% magnesium nitrate.
Optionally, after ion-exchanging the filaments with potassium ions to obtain semi-finished filaments, the method comprises: washing the semi-finished yarn after ion exchange with warm water at 30-40 ℃.
Optionally, forming the semi-finished yarn into a finished lens comprises: cutting the semi-finished yarn according to a second preset length; and carrying out surface treatment on the semi-finished yarn to obtain a lens finished product.
Optionally, surface treating the semi-finished yarn to obtain a finished lens product comprises: and grinding, polishing and cleaning the semi-finished product wire in sequence to obtain a lens finished product with the wire diameter of 0.214-0.215 mm and the length of 0.4-0.5 mm.
Optionally, after the surface treatment is performed on the semi-finished yarn to obtain the lens finished product, the method further comprises: clamping the finished lens product to enable the finished lens product to be coaxial with a 100-time reading microscope; placing the test paper at the position 1 cm-2 cm in front of the finished lens product; adjusting a 100-time reading microscope to enable the center position of the test paper to be clearly imaged on the rear end face and the center position of the finished lens; testing the angle of view of the finished lens; adjusting a 100-time reading microscope to enable imaging edges of test paper imaged on a finished lens product to be clear; testing the field curvature of the finished lens product.
The manufacturing method of the ultra-small self-focusing lens provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the steps of firstly adopting self-focusing glass blanks to perform one-time wiredrawing forming to obtain filiform materials, ensuring the ellipticity of products by one-time wiredrawing forming, directly obtaining final wire diameter sizes of the products, and having high preparation efficiency; and wire diameters with different sizes can be obtained for customized production; then potassium ions are exchanged on the filiform materials through a salt bath, potassium ions are injected into the filiform materials to obtain semi-finished product silk, the semi-finished product silk has refractive indexes distributed from the surface to the center in a gradient manner, and the glass medium has self-focusing performance, has optical characteristics such as better product image quality, viewing angle and the like and has lower field curvature aberration; in addition, salt bath ion exchange is adopted, the heating temperature fluctuation is small, so that the exchange parameters are stable, the product deformation is small, the process is controllable in a shorter exchange time, and the better lens preparation parameters are obtained; and finally, grinding, polishing, cleaning and the like are carried out on the semi-finished product wire after the salt bath, the surface is polished, and the end face flaws are removed, so that a lens finished product with the wire diameter of 0.214-0.215 mm and the length of 0.4-0.5 mm is obtained. The manufacturing method of the embodiment of the application can obtain products with smaller sizes, ensures better performance of optical parameters such as ellipticity, field curvature, image quality, field angle and the like, has stable and controllable process and low production cost, can be used for customizing production according to different sizes, and has wide applicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a micro self-focusing lens according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing method of a subminiature self-focusing lens according to the present embodiment;
fig. 3 is a second schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a subminiature self-focusing lens according to the present embodiment.
Icon: 100-embryo material; 101-filiform material; 201-hanging tool; 202, heating furnace; 203-wire diameter gauge; 204-wire drawing wheel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or positional relationship that is commonly put when the product of the application is used, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should also be noted that the terms "disposed," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
The self-focusing lens is a columnar optical lens with focusing and imaging functions. The application of self-focusing lenses is now becoming more and more widespread, for example, in biomedical applications for observing lesions, in industrial applications for detecting flaws in products, etc.
One trend in the current use of self-focusing lenses is toward miniaturization, taking as an example endoscopes which are widely used in medicine, the endoscopes can enter the human body through natural ducts of the human body or through small incisions made by surgery, and the endoscopes can be used for seeing lesions which cannot be displayed by X-rays, so that the self-focusing lenses are very useful for treatment. For example, a physician may view ulcers or tumors in the stomach via an endoscope, thereby developing an optimal treatment regimen.
Since the endoscope is to be introduced into the human body, it is required to be small in size. However, the diameter of the miniature endoscope on the market is usually larger, and the diameter of the common endoscope is larger than 0.6mm; the foreign (Germany) GRINTECH produces similar micro lenses, and the minimum standard diameter of the product is 0.35mm; the product of olympus of japan is typically 1.7mm in diameter. In addition, the conventional endoscope is also long, generally exceeding 1mm. For miniaturized lens applications, their application is limited.
The smaller the size of the self-focusing lens, the more difficult the processing, the more difficult the visual identification due to the small size, the more difficult the processing and the operation of the lens with such small size; and other problems exist with existing self-focusing lenses, including: the image quality is generally unclear at the edge of the lens; the use of more severe process parameters has high requirements on equipment and restricts the process stability; the lens is difficult to mold, process and coat, and the edges and corners of the processed lens end face are often defective; expensive silver is adopted as a raw material, and the lens production often provides fixed type products, so that the restriction on customized products with different sizes is large, and the economic cost and the production efficiency are limited; the angle of view is small, typically around 45 ° to 70 °, and a higher field of view cannot be obtained.
In view of the above factors, the existing self-focusing lens is limited in terms of miniaturization, quality, cost, efficiency, custom production and the like. In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the application provides a method for manufacturing a subminiature self-focusing lens, which can enable the manufactured self-focusing lens to obtain smaller size, ensure better performance of optical parameters such as field curvature, image quality, angle of view and the like, and has stable and controllable process, low production cost, capability of customizing production according to different sizes and wide applicability.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a subminiature self-focusing lens, including:
s100: drawing and molding the blank to obtain a thread-like material; wherein the blank is a self-focusing glass blank.
In the embodiment of the present application, a one-step wire drawing molding method is adopted, and the blank 100 is made of an economically mature gradient refractive index glass material, namely a self-focusing glass material.
The wire drawing forming comprises the following steps:
s101: and hoisting the blank 100 with the diameter of 30-50 mm and the length of 300-500 mm.
The blank 100 is a self-focusing glass material with gradient refractive index, as shown in fig. 2, the shape of the blank 100 is a column, the diameter of the blank 100 is 30 mm-50 mm, the length of the blank is 300 mm-500 mm, one end of the column-shaped blank 100 is hung on a hanging tool 201, and the other end of the blank 100 naturally sags.
S102: the blank 100 is vertically fed into the heating furnace 202 at a first preset speed to be heated, and the blank 100 entering the heating furnace 202 is softened at 650-700 ℃.
The heating furnace 202 is provided with two openings in the vertical direction, the two openings are respectively positioned on the top surface and the bottom surface of the heating furnace 202, the opening of the top surface is a feed inlet, the opening of the bottom surface is a discharge outlet, and the lifted blank 100 is gradually fed into the heating furnace 202 from the feed inlet to be heated at a first preset speed.
The first preset speed in the embodiment of the application may be 0-0.02 mm/min.
The lower end of the blank 100 firstly enters the heating furnace 202, and in the vertical direction, the blank 100 enters a hearth of the heating furnace 202 for 5 cm-15 cm to start heating, and the temperature of 650-700 ℃ is adopted for heating, so that the firstly-entered blank 100 is softened after being heated.
S103: the softened blank 100 falls out from the discharge port of the heating furnace 202 in the gravity direction to obtain a thread-like material 101.
The softened blank 100 falls under the action of gravity, slowly falls out along the gravity direction through the discharge hole of the heating furnace 202, is gradually fed into the heating furnace 202 along with the blank 100, enters the heating furnace 202 while being softened, falls down and falls out from the discharge hole of the heating furnace 202 to form a continuous and slender thread-like material 101.
S104: the falling filiform material 101 is pulled at a second preset speed.
After forming the filament 101, the filament 101 is clamped to the wire drawing wheel 204, the filament 101 passes through the middle of the two rotating wire drawing wheels 204, and the filament 101 is drawn by the wire drawing wheels 204 at a second preset speed to be drawn.
Wherein the second preset speed can be 2-5 rpm.
S105: the drawn filament 101 is monitored by a filament diameter meter 203 to obtain the filament diameter of the filament 101.
The drawn filament 101 is monitored by a wire diameter meter 203, the filament 101 passes through the middle of the wire diameter meter 203, and the wire diameter meter 203 can acquire the wire diameter parameters of the filament 101 by induction. In the embodiment of the application, a one-step wiredrawing molding method is adopted, and the diameter of the obtained filament 101 is 0.214-0.215 mm. The product can well ensure the consistency of optical characteristics.
Compared with the existing self-focusing lens, the embodiment of the application can obtain the wire diameter with smaller diameter by a one-step wire drawing molding method, and the application of the ultra-small self-focusing lens is met.
In addition, when the first preset speed and the second preset speed are different, filaments 101 with different filament diameters can be obtained, so that the self-focusing lens with different sizes can be finally obtained, and customized production is met.
And the wire diameter obtained through monitoring can be fed back through a controller, and when the wire diameter does not meet the requirement or the obtained wire diameter is unstable, the process parameters of wire drawing forming can be adjusted through the monitored wire diameter.
Specifically, S106: the wire diameter of the wire 101 is fed back to the controller.
S107: the controller controls the first preset speed and the second preset speed to control the wire diameter of the wire 101.
When the first preset speed and the second preset speed have different settings, parameters such as the wire diameter of the obtained wire 101 are different, and the controller controls and adjusts the settings so that the obtained wire diameter meets the requirements.
S108: cutting the filament 101 according to a first preset length to obtain a short filament with a filament diameter of 0.214 mm-0.215 mm.
After obtaining the wire diameter meeting the requirements, cutting the wire material 101 according to a first preset length, wherein the wire diameter in the embodiment of the application is 0.214-0.215 mm, and the first preset length can be 10-15 cm.
One filament 101 may be cut into a plurality of filaments having a first preset length according to the first preset length, and a batch of filaments may be obtained by one-time wire drawing molding for mass production.
S110: the filament 101 is ion-exchanged with potassium ions to obtain a semi-finished filament.
After the short filaments are obtained in the step S109, ion exchange is performed on the short filaments. The embodiment of the application adopts a salt bath mode to carry out potassium ion exchange.
The self-focusing lens glass material has weaker monovalent metal ion (modifier oxide) chemical bond in the basic skeleton gap of the network body, smaller migration activation energy and more free movement, and exchanges with molten salt monovalent metal ion, so that the modifier oxide component in the glass component is distributed according to a rule, the refractive index of the glass material is distributed according to N (r) =N0 x search (vA x r) in the radial direction of the cylindrical material, and after ion exchange is carried out through a salt bath, the self-focusing lens has the refractive index distributed from the surface to the center in a gradient manner, and the self-focusing performance is improved.
The salt bath is mainly carried out by the following steps:
s111: and hanging the short filaments.
After the short filaments are obtained in the step S109, one end of each short filament is sintered into a hook by using an oxygen cutting torch, the short filaments are hung on a filament tray by the hook, a plurality of short filaments can be hung on one filament tray at the same time, and a plurality of filament trays can be hung at the same time during salt bath, so that the batch salt bath is carried out on the plurality of short filaments.
S112: and immersing the chopped filaments into a salt bath furnace for salt bath, wherein the salt bath temperature is 500-600 ℃, and maintaining the constant temperature for 0.5-2.5 h to obtain semi-finished product filaments.
The salt bath furnace is internally provided with molten salt liquid, wherein the components of the molten salt liquid comprise >98% of potassium nitrate, <0.5% of sodium nitrate, <0.2% of ammonium nitrate and <0.2% of magnesium nitrate.
The method comprises the steps of immersing the short filaments into a salt bath furnace for potassium ion salt bath, wherein the main component of the molten salt solution is potassium nitrate, the content of the potassium nitrate is more than 98% of the total content of the molten salt solution, carrying out ion exchange between the short filaments and potassium ions in the molten salt solution, injecting the potassium ions into the short filaments during heating of the salt bath, and forming a gradient refractive index from the surface to the center in a material of the short filaments so as to increase the optical characteristics of the self-focusing material.
The salt bath has the advantages of large comprehensive heat exchange coefficient, high workpiece heating speed, uniform heating and small deformation, and the workpiece is in liquid-tight contact with molten salt. The salt bath furnace has larger heat capacity and small heating temperature fluctuation, is easy to maintain a neutral state, and realizes non-oxidation and non-decarburization heating. Therefore, the embodiment of the application adopts the potassium ion salt bath, the process is controllable in a short exchange time, and the better lens preparation parameters are obtained.
S113: washing the semi-finished yarn after ion exchange with warm water at 30-40 ℃.
And taking out the semi-finished yarn after salt bath, and cleaning the semi-finished yarn with warm water at 30-40 ℃ to clean the surface of the semi-finished yarn, and removing impurities such as molten salt liquid and the like remained on the surface of the semi-finished yarn during salt bath.
S120: and (5) preparing the semi-finished yarn into a lens finished product.
The semifinished filament after passing through the salt bath already has optical properties. The dimensions also need to be processed to obtain the dimensions of the final lens product.
S121: cutting the semi-finished yarn according to a second preset length.
The semi-finished yarn is cut into a small-segment-shaped lens blank 100 with the length of 0.6mm to 0.8mm and the end face perpendicular to the axis.
S122: and carrying out surface treatment on the semi-finished yarn to obtain a lens finished product.
And grinding, polishing and cleaning the surface of the lens blank 100 to polish the surface and remove end face flaws, and finally obtaining a lens finished product with the wire diameter of 0.214-0.215 mm and the length of 0.4-0.5 mm.
After obtaining the lens product, performing a characteristic test on the lens product, please refer to fig. 3, including:
s131: and clamping the finished lens product to enable the finished lens product to be coaxial with the 100 times reading microscope.
Performing characteristic test on the final lens product with the filament diameter of 0.214 mm-0.215 mm and the length of 0.4 mm-0.5 mm; the finished lens product is clamped on the clamping seat, and the finished lens product is coaxial with the 100 times reading microscope.
S132: and placing the test paper at the position 1 cm-2 cm in front of the finished lens product.
And testing the optical characteristics of the finished lens product by using test paper, and after the finished lens product is clamped, positioning the test paper at the position 1 cm-2 cm in front of the lens.
S133: and adjusting a 100-time reading microscope to enable the center position of the test paper to be clearly imaged on the rear end face and the center position of the finished lens.
Adjusting a 100-time reading microscope until the center position of the clear test paper is imaged on the rear end face and the center position of the finished lens product or is close to the center position of the finished lens product; the observation image quality is clear, the test paper can be rice paper, the test paper is provided with mutually perpendicular grid coordinate lines, when in observation, the mutually perpendicular coordinate lines of the test paper imaged at the center of the lens finished product have no obvious deformation, and the periphery of the lines has no color outline.
S134: the field angle of the finished lens product was tested.
And observing the imaging range, and measuring the field angle of the finished lens product by measuring because the test paper grid coordinate line has a fixed width. The angle of view of the finished lens product obtained by the embodiment of the application can reach 90 degrees, and compared with the angle of view of the existing self-focusing lens of 45-70 degrees, the finished lens product of the embodiment of the application can obtain a higher angle of view.
S135: the 100-fold reading microscope was adjusted to clear the imaged edges of the test paper imaged on the finished lens.
S136: testing the field curvature of the finished lens product.
And adjusting a 100-time reading microscope to enable the edge of the lens finished product to be imaged clearly, and simultaneously obtaining a position difference between clear center and clear edge, namely a field curvature measurement result, wherein the field curvature of the lens finished product in the embodiment of the application is 0.001-0.01 mm, and compared with the field curvature of the existing self-focusing lens is 0.1, the optical characteristic of the lens finished product in the embodiment of the application is obviously better.
The manufacturing method of the ultra-small self-focusing lens provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the steps of firstly adopting self-focusing glass blank 100 to perform one-time wiredrawing forming to obtain a filament 101, ensuring the ellipticity of a product by one-time wiredrawing forming, directly obtaining the final filament diameter size of the product, and having high preparation efficiency; and wire diameters with different sizes can be obtained for customized production; then potassium ions are exchanged on the filament 101 through a salt bath, potassium ions are injected into the filament 101 to obtain a semi-finished filament, the semi-finished filament has refractive indexes distributed from the surface to the center in a gradient manner, and the glass medium has self-focusing performance, has optical characteristics such as better product image quality, view angle and the like and has lower field curvature aberration; in addition, salt bath ion exchange is adopted, the heating temperature fluctuation is small, so that the exchange parameters are stable, the product deformation is small, the process is controllable in a shorter exchange time, and the better lens preparation parameters are obtained; and finally, grinding, polishing, cleaning and the like are carried out on the semi-finished product wire after the salt bath, the surface is polished, and the end face flaws are removed, so that a lens finished product with the wire diameter of 0.214-0.215 mm and the length of 0.4-0.5 mm is obtained. The manufacturing method of the embodiment of the application can obtain products with smaller sizes, ensures better performance of optical parameters such as ellipticity, field curvature, image quality, field angle and the like, has stable and controllable process and low production cost, can be used for customizing production according to different sizes, and has wide applicability.
According to the embodiment of the application, the self-focusing glass fiber blank 100 is adopted for one-step wire drawing molding, and no processing is performed in the middle, so that the ovality of the obtained lens finished product is good, and the consistency of optical characteristics of the product can be well ensured; the ion exchange time is short during salt bath, and sampling is controllable; the product can ensure to obtain good imaging effect, the imaging is clear, the field curvature is minimum to 0.001mm, the observation range is wide, the angle of view reaches more than 90 degrees, and the imaging quality and the optical characteristics are better; the preparation method adopts one-step wiredrawing molding and salt bath preparation, has low cost and good price advantage; can meet the demands of the market on the product characteristics and the guarantee supply. The diameter of the similar foreign products is 0.35mm, the angle of view is 40-70 degrees, and the curvature of field is 0.1; by the manufacturing method of the embodiment of the application, the diameter of the obtained self-focusing lens product is 0.214-0.215 mm, the visual field range is 90 degrees, and the curvature of field is 0.001-0.01 mm; therefore, the self-focusing lens obtained by the manufacturing method of the embodiment of the application can have ultra-small size, the productivity of the ultra-small lens is finished, and the manufactured product has more advantages in terms of optical characteristics.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and variations may be suggested to one skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method of making a miniature self-focusing lens comprising:
drawing and molding the blank to obtain a thread-like material; wherein the blank is a self-focusing glass blank;
performing ion exchange on the filiform material and potassium ions to obtain semi-finished product silk;
the semi-finished product wire is manufactured into a lens finished product with the wire diameter of 0.214 mm-0.215 mm and the length of 0.4-0.5 mm;
the step of drawing and molding the blank to obtain a filament comprises the following steps:
hoisting the blank with the diameter of 30 mm-50 mm and the length of 300 mm-500 mm;
vertically feeding the blank into a heating furnace at a first preset speed for heating, and softening the blank entering the heating furnace at 650-700 ℃;
the softened blank material falls out from a discharge hole of the heating furnace along the gravity direction to obtain the filiform material;
the step of carrying out ion exchange on the filiform material and potassium ions to obtain semi-finished product silk comprises the following steps:
ion exchange is carried out through a salt bath, and the components of the molten salt liquid comprise >98% of potassium nitrate, <0.5% of sodium nitrate, <0.2% of ammonium nitrate and <0.2% of magnesium nitrate;
the softened blank falls out from a discharge hole of the heating furnace along the gravity direction, and after the filiform material is obtained, the method further comprises the following steps:
pulling the dropped filiform material at a second preset speed;
cutting the filiform material according to a first preset length to obtain the short filaments with the filament diameter of 0.214-mm-0.215 mm.
2. The method of making a miniature self-focusing lens according to claim 1, wherein after said pulling said dropped filament at a second predetermined speed, said method further comprises:
and monitoring the drawn filiform materials through a calliper to obtain the filament diameters of the filiform materials.
3. The method of manufacturing a subminiature self-focusing lens according to claim 2, wherein after the drawn filament is monitored by a filament diameter gauge to obtain a filament diameter of the filament, the method comprises:
feeding back the wire diameter of the wire material to a controller;
the controller controls the first preset speed and the second preset speed to control the filament diameter of the filament.
4. The method of manufacturing a subminiature self-focusing lens according to claim 1, wherein the ion-exchanging the filament with potassium ions to obtain a semi-finished filament comprises:
suspending the filaments;
and immersing the chopped filaments into a salt bath furnace for salt bath, wherein the salt bath temperature is 500-600 ℃, and maintaining constant temperature salt bath for 0.5-2.5-h to obtain the semi-finished product filaments.
5. The method of manufacturing a subminiature self-focusing lens according to claim 4, wherein after the ion exchange of the filament with potassium ions to obtain a semi-finished filament, the method comprises:
and cleaning the semi-finished product wire subjected to ion exchange by warm water at the temperature of 30-40 ℃.
6. The method of making a miniature self-focusing lens according to claim 4, wherein said forming said semi-finished wire into a finished lens product comprises:
cutting the semi-finished yarn according to a second preset length;
and carrying out surface treatment on the semi-finished yarn to obtain the finished lens product.
7. The method of manufacturing a miniature self-focusing lens according to claim 6, wherein the surface treatment of the semi-finished yarn to obtain the finished lens product comprises:
and grinding, polishing and cleaning the semi-finished product wire in sequence to obtain the finished lens product.
8. The method of manufacturing a miniature self-focusing lens according to claim 6, wherein after said surface treatment of said semi-finished yarn to obtain said finished lens, said method further comprises:
clamping the finished lens product to enable the finished lens product to be coaxial with a 100-time reading microscope;
placing test paper at a position 1 cm-2 cm in front of the lens finished product;
adjusting the 100 times reading microscope to enable the center position of the test paper to be clearly imaged on the rear end face and the center position of the lens finished product;
testing the field angle of the finished lens;
adjusting the 100-time reading microscope to enable the imaging edge of the test paper imaged on the lens finished product to be clear;
testing the field curvature of the finished lens product.
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