CN115224283B - Negative current collector and liquid metal battery - Google Patents
Negative current collector and liquid metal battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN115224283B CN115224283B CN202211140920.4A CN202211140920A CN115224283B CN 115224283 B CN115224283 B CN 115224283B CN 202211140920 A CN202211140920 A CN 202211140920A CN 115224283 B CN115224283 B CN 115224283B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/399—Cells with molten salts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/78—Shapes other than plane or cylindrical, e.g. helical
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid metal batteries, in particular to a negative current collector and a liquid metal battery. The negative current collector is of a porous structure, a negative material is suitable for being loaded in the pores of the negative current collector, the surface of the negative current collector is provided with grooves, and the negative current collector is suitable for being completely immersed in the molten electrolyte of the liquid metal battery. The setting of recess has not only increased the surface area of negative pole mass flow body for liquid metal battery during operation has more molten electrolyte and negative pole liquid metal contact in the negative pole mass flow body hole, has still changed the electric field distribution near the recess, makes the molten electrolyte form the little torrent near the recess, and this all increases the material exchange degree of molten electrolyte and negative pole liquid metal and the migration rate of negative pole metal ion, and then has increased liquid metal battery's the charge and discharge rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid metal batteries, in particular to a negative current collector and a liquid metal battery.
Background
The increasingly deficient traditional energy sources and the increasingly worsened environment greatly promote the development of new energy sources, and the power generation scale of the new energy sources is rapidly increased. The new energy power generation based on wind energy and solar energy depends on natural resource conditions, has volatility, intermittence and inaccuracy and predictability, and brings great challenges to the safe and stable operation of a power grid due to large-scale grid connection. The energy storage technology can store unstable electric energy and output the electric energy in a stable and durable mode, and therefore the service efficiency and the networking reliability of new energy power generation are improved. Energy storage technologies currently in large-scale operation include mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, and electromagnetic energy storage.
The liquid metal battery is a novel electrochemical energy storage technology and comprises an upper layer of low-density negative electrode metal, a lower layer of high-density positive electrode metal and electrolyte for separating a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the materials are molten into liquid when the liquid metal battery works, and the three layers of liquid metal battery are automatically layered due to density difference and immiscible characteristics. In the discharging process of the liquid metal battery, the negative electrode metal loses electrons and becomes negative electrode metal ions, the negative electrode metal ions are transferred to the positive electrode metal through the molten electrolyte, the electrons are transferred to the positive electrode metal through an external circuit, and the positive electrode metal obtains electrons and is alloyed with the negative electrode metal ions. The charging process is an electrolysis process in reverse. The liquid metal battery realizes the release and storage of energy by utilizing the alloying/dealloying process of the cathode metal material on the anode metal, and is particularly suitable for large-scale energy storage of a power grid.
The negative electrode metal is typically supported in pores in the negative electrode current collector, and during operation of the battery the negative electrode current collector is fully immersed in the molten electrolyte, and a portion of the molten electrolyte enters the pores of the negative electrode current collector and contacts the negative electrode liquid metal, thereby effecting charging or discharging. The amount of the negative electrode liquid metal in direct contact with the molten electrolyte directly affects the degree of material exchange between the two and the migration rate of the negative electrode metal ions, thereby affecting the rate of alloying/dealloying in the liquid metal battery and further affecting the charge and discharge rates of the liquid metal battery.
However, the molten electrolyte can only fill a portion of the thickness of the pores near the surface of the negative current collector, which limits the charge and discharge rates of the liquid metal battery, which in turn limits the electrical performance of the liquid metal battery.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to increase the charging and discharging rate of the liquid metal battery, thereby providing a negative electrode current collector and a liquid metal battery.
The invention provides a negative current collector which is of a porous structure, a negative material is suitable for being loaded in a pore of the negative current collector, a groove is formed in the surface of the negative current collector, and the negative current collector is suitable for being completely immersed in molten electrolyte of a liquid metal battery.
Optionally, the negative current collector has a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged, and a side surface connecting the first surface and the second surface, the first surface is suitable for facing the positive electrode of the liquid metal battery, the second surface is suitable for facing away from the positive electrode, and the groove is located on at least one of the first surface, the second surface and the side surface.
Optionally, the groove is located on the first surface and/or the side surface.
Optionally, the recess is at least one linear groove and/or at least one annular groove.
Optionally, the aspect ratio of the groove is greater than or equal to 2.
Optionally, a ratio of a depth of one groove to a size of the negative electrode current collector in a depth direction of the groove is 1/20 to 1/3.
Optionally, the depth of the groove is 3mm to 6mm, and the width of the groove is 1.5mm to 3mm.
Optionally, a first chamfer is arranged between the first surface and the side surface; and/or a second chamfer is arranged between the groove wall of the groove and the surface where the groove is positioned.
Optionally, the shape of the first surface and the second surface is adapted to be the same as the shape of the surface of the side of the positive electrode facing the negative electrode current collector.
Optionally, the negative current collector comprises a first section near the first surface and a second section near the second surface, the first section being connected to the second section; the negative current collector has pores, and the average size of the pores in the second section is larger than the average size of the pores in the first section.
Optionally, the average size of the pores increases in a gradient along the direction from the first surface to the second surface.
Optionally, the size of the pores is 0.3mm-1.5mm.
The invention also provides a liquid metal battery which comprises the negative electrode current collector.
Optionally, the liquid metal battery further includes: the positive electrode and the negative current collector are oppositely arranged, and the distance between the positive electrode and the negative current collector is more than 0.01mm after the liquid metal battery is completely discharged; the positive electrode and the negative electrode current collector are both positioned in the conductive shell, and the positive electrode is abutted against the inner wall of the conductive shell; when the liquid metal battery does not work, the distance between the side surface of the negative current collector and the side wall of the conductive shell is 0.9-1 time of the distance between the negative current collector and the positive electrode of the liquid metal battery in a fully charged state.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the surface of the negative current collector provided by the invention is provided with the grooves, and the arrangement of the grooves increases the surface area of the negative current collector, so that more molten electrolyte is in contact with the negative liquid metal in the pores of the negative current collector when the liquid metal battery works, the material exchange degree of the molten electrolyte and the negative liquid metal and the migration rate of negative metal ions are increased, and further, the charging and discharging rate of the liquid metal battery is increased. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the grooves changes the electric field distribution near the grooves, so that the molten electrolyte forms small turbulence near the grooves, which is also beneficial to increasing the substance exchange degree of the molten electrolyte and the negative liquid metal and the migration rate of the negative metal ions, thereby increasing the charging and discharging rate of the liquid metal battery.
2. According to the negative current collector provided by the invention, the groove is positioned on the first surface and/or the side surface, and the fluctuation of the molten electrolyte can be limited, so that the local fluctuation degree of the molten electrolyte near the negative current collector is reduced, and the risk of short circuit of a liquid metal battery caused by the contact of the positive liquid metal and the negative current collector due to the severe fluctuation of the molten electrolyte is reduced.
3. According to the negative current collector provided by the invention, a first chamfer is arranged between the first surface and the side surface, and/or a second chamfer is arranged between the groove wall of the groove and the surface where the groove is positioned. The existence of first chamfer has reduced the sharp-pointed degree of first surface and side crossing position, and the existence of second chamfer has reduced the crossing position's of the cell wall of recess and the surface that the recess was located sharp-pointed degree to reduce the change degree of liquid metal battery during operation inside electric field, improved the homogeneity of electric field, and then further reduced the local fluctuation degree of melting electrolyte near the negative pole mass flow body, effectively reduced the risk that liquid metal battery takes place the short circuit.
4. According to the negative current collector provided by the invention, the shapes of the first surface and the second surface are suitable to be the same as the shape of the surface of one side of the positive electrode facing the negative current collector, so that the distances from different positions of the side of the negative current collector to the side wall of the conductive shell of the liquid metal current collector are the same, the uniformity of an electric field between the side of the negative current collector and the side wall of the conductive shell is improved, the local fluctuation degree of molten electrolyte near the negative current collector is further reduced, and the risk of short circuit of a liquid metal battery is effectively reduced.
5. According to the negative current collector provided by the invention, the average size of the pores in the second section close to the second surface is larger than that of the pores in the first section close to the first surface, and the second section can be loaded with more negative materials, so that the electric capacity of the liquid metal battery can be improved; meanwhile, the second section is arranged above the first section in the liquid metal battery, so that when the liquid metal battery works, the negative liquid metal in the pores is not easy to overflow, and the stability of the liquid metal battery is ensured.
6. According to the liquid metal battery provided by the invention, the surface of the negative current collector in the liquid metal battery is provided with the groove, so that the material exchange degree of the molten electrolyte and the negative liquid metal and the migration rate of the negative metal ions are increased, and the charging and discharging rate of the liquid metal battery is increased.
7. According to the liquid metal battery provided by the invention, when the liquid metal battery is not in operation, the distance between the side surface of the negative current collector and the side wall of the conductive shell is limited to be 0.9-1 time of the distance between the negative current collector and the positive electrode of the liquid metal battery in a fully charged state, so that on one hand, the negative current collector is ensured to have a larger size, more negative materials can be loaded, the capacity of the liquid metal battery is improved, on the other hand, the degree of the conductive shell participating in the electrolytic reaction is controlled, and thus the short circuit of the battery caused by the fact that the degree of the conductive shell participating in the electrolytic reaction is larger is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following descriptions are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts;
fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a negative electrode current collector provided in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a first surface of the negative current collector of fig. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid metal battery provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals:
1-negative current collector; 11-a groove; 12-a first surface; 13-a second surface; 14-side; 15-first chamfering; 16-second chamfer; 2-positive electrode; 3-an electrolyte; 4-a conductive housing; 5-an insulating member; 6-negative pole leading-out piece.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a negative electrode current collector 1, and fig. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a negative electrode current collector. The negative current collector 1 is of a porous structure, a negative material is suitable for being loaded in the pores of the negative current collector 1, the surface of the negative current collector 1 is provided with a groove 11, and the negative current collector 1 is suitable for being completely immersed in the molten electrolyte of the liquid metal battery. The arrangement of the groove 11 increases the surface area of the negative current collector 1, so that more molten electrolyte is in contact with the negative liquid metal in the pores of the negative current collector when the liquid metal battery works, the substance exchange degree of the molten electrolyte and the negative liquid metal and the migration rate of negative metal ions are increased, and the charging and discharging rate of the liquid metal battery is increased. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the groove 11 changes the electric field distribution near the groove 11, so that the molten electrolyte forms small turbulence near the groove 11, which is also beneficial to increasing the substance exchange degree of the molten electrolyte and the negative liquid metal and the migration rate of the negative metal ions, thereby increasing the charging and discharging rate of the liquid metal battery. It is to be understood that the structure of the negative electrode collector includes, but is not limited to, the structure of the negative electrode collector shown in fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the negative electrode current collector 1 has a first surface 12 and a second surface 13 which are oppositely arranged, and a side surface 14 connecting the first surface 12 and the second surface 13, and the negative electrode current collector 1 is adapted to be arranged opposite to the positive electrode 2 in the liquid metal battery; the first surface 12 is adapted to face the positive electrode 2 of the liquid metal battery, the second surface 13 is adapted to face away from the positive electrode 2, and the groove 11 is located on at least one of the first surface 12, the second surface 13, and the side surface 14.
In the present embodiment, the recess 11 is at least one linear groove and/or at least one annular groove. Specifically, referring to fig. 1-2, an annular groove may surround the central axis of the negative current collector 1; the linear grooves in one surface may be parallel to each other. The linear groove and the annular groove may be simultaneously present in one negative electrode collector 1.
It should be understood that, in general, two surfaces in contact with each other in the negative current collector 1 are perpendicular to each other, that is, non-smooth transition, which results in a large gradient change of an electric field at an edge or an angle of the negative current collector 1 when the liquid metal battery operates, so that the molten electrolyte and the positive liquid metal locally fluctuate to a large extent near the negative current collector 1, although the fluctuation of the molten electrolyte is beneficial to the substance exchange between the molten electrolyte and the negative liquid metal, and is further beneficial to the increase of the charging and discharging rate of the liquid metal battery, the risk of the liquid metal battery being short-circuited due to the contact between the positive liquid metal and the negative current collector 1 is also increased. While local fluctuations of the molten electrolyte are mainly concentrated near the first surface 12 and the side surface 14 of the negative electrode current collector 1.
As a preferred embodiment, the groove 11 is located on the first surface 12 and/or the side surface 14. The grooves 11 can limit the fluctuation of the molten electrolyte, so that the local fluctuation degree of the molten electrolyte near the negative current collector 1 is reduced, and the risk of short circuit of the liquid metal battery caused by the contact of the positive liquid metal and the negative current collector 1 due to the severe fluctuation of the molten electrolyte is reduced. More preferably, referring to fig. 1, both the first surface 12 and the side surface 14 are provided with a recess 11. Specifically, the central axis of the negative current collector 1 surrounded by the annular groove 11 is directed from the first surface 12 to the second surface 13.
In this embodiment, the aspect ratio of the groove 11 is greater than or equal to 2. Namely, the grooves 11 have a larger depth relative to the width of the grooves 11, so that the negative electrode material in the pores in the central region of the negative electrode current collector 1 can participate in the electrolytic reaction of the liquid metal battery, thereby improving the electric capacity and the charge and discharge performance of the liquid metal battery; on the other hand, the effect of limiting the fluctuation of the molten electrolyte is more effective.
Specifically, the width of the groove 11 is larger than the pore of the negative current collector 1, and the size of the pore is 0.3mm-1.5mm. Illustratively, the pores may be 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, or 1.5mm in size.
Specifically, the ratio of the depth of one groove 11 to the dimension of the negative electrode current collector 1 in the depth direction of the groove 11 is 1/20 to 1/3. Illustratively, the ratio of the depth of one groove 11 to the size of the negative electrode current collector 1 in the depth direction of the groove 11 may be 1/20, 1/10, 1/5, 1/3. Specifically, the depth direction of the groove 11 on the first surface 12 is perpendicular to the first surface 12, the depth direction of the groove 11 on the second surface 13 is perpendicular to the second surface 13, and the depth direction of the groove 11 on the side surface 14 in the cylindrical negative current collector 1 is directed to the central axis of the negative current collector 1; the depth direction of the grooves 11 in the side surface 14 of the rectangular parallelepiped negative electrode collector 1 may be perpendicular to the surface on which they are located.
In one embodiment, the depth of the groove 11 is 3mm to 6mm, and the width of the groove 11 is 1.5mm to 3mm. Illustratively, the depth of the groove 11 may be 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, and the width of the groove 11 may be 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm. In other embodiments, the depth and the width of the groove 11 may also be other values, which are determined according to the size of the negative electrode current collector.
In the present embodiment, the material of the negative electrode current collector 1 is a corrosion-resistant porous conductive material, and the porous conductive material includes, but is not limited to, porous nickel (nickel foam), porous stainless steel, and porous carbon material; it should be understood that the negative electrode current collector 1 may be obtained by processing a whole porous conductive material to obtain the groove 11, or may be obtained by stacking sheet-shaped porous conductive materials with different sizes to obtain the groove 11.
In the present embodiment, a first chamfer 15 is provided between the first surface 12 and the side surface 14; and/or a second chamfer 16 is arranged between the groove wall of the groove 11 and the surface of the groove 11. The first chamfer angle reduces the sharpness of the intersection position of the first surface 12 and the side surface 14, and the second chamfer angle reduces the sharpness of the intersection position of the groove wall of the groove 11 and the surface of the groove 11, so that the variation degree of an internal electric field of the liquid metal battery during working is reduced, the uniformity of the electric field is improved, the local fluctuation degree of molten electrolyte near the negative current collector 1 is further reduced, and the risk of short circuit of the liquid metal battery is effectively reduced. In particular, the first chamfer and the second chamfer include, but are not limited to, a rounded chamfer.
In this embodiment, the groove bottom of the groove 11 may be connected to the groove wall vertically, or may be connected to the groove wall by a chamfer.
In the present embodiment, the shapes of the first surface 12 and the second surface 13 are adapted to be the same as the shape of the surface of the side of the positive electrode 2 facing the negative electrode current collector 1. The liquid metal battery includes electrically conductive casing 4, anodal 2 with negative pole mass flow body 1 all is located in electrically conductive casing 4, just anodal 2 with the inner wall butt of electrically conductive casing 4, promptly, anodal 2 orientation the shape of one side surface of negative pole mass flow body 1 is the same with the shape of the inner wall of electrically conductive casing 4, promptly, the shape of first surface 12 and second surface 13 is the same with the shape of the inner wall of electrically conductive casing 4, can make the different positions of the side 14 of negative pole mass flow body 1 the same to the distance mass flow body of electrically conductive casing 4 lateral wall like this to the homogeneity of the electric field between the side 14 of negative pole mass flow body 1 and the electrically conductive casing 4 lateral wall has been improved, and then has further reduced the local fluctuation degree of molten electrolyte near negative pole mass flow body 1, has effectively reduced the risk that the liquid metal battery takes place the short circuit. Specifically, when the liquid metal battery is cylindrical, the negative current collector 1 is also cylindrical; when the liquid metal battery is a cuboid, the negative current collector 1 is also a cuboid.
In the present embodiment, the negative electrode current collector 1 includes a first section near the first surface 12 and a second section near the second surface 13, the first section being connected to the second section; the negative current collector 1 has pores, and the average size of the pores in the second section is larger than the average size of the pores in the first section. This enables the second segment to carry more negative electrode material, which can increase the capacity of the liquid metal battery; meanwhile, the second section is arranged above the first section in the liquid metal battery, so that when the liquid metal battery works, the negative liquid metal in the pores is not easy to overflow, and the stability of the liquid metal battery is ensured. In one embodiment, the average size of the pores increases in a gradient along the direction from the first surface 12 to the second surface 13.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment also provides a liquid metal battery including:
a negative electrode comprising the negative electrode current collector 1 provided in example 1 and a negative electrode material supported in pores of the negative electrode current collector 1;
the positive electrode 2 is arranged opposite to the negative current collector 1;
an electrolyte 3, said electrolyte 3 separating said negative current collector 1 from said positive electrode 2, said negative current collector 1 being located within said electrolyte 3;
the anode 2, the cathode current collector 1 and the electrolyte 3 are all positioned in the conductive shell 4, the anode 2 is abutted against the inner wall of the conductive shell 4 and is positioned at the bottom of the conductive shell 4, and a first through hole is formed in the top surface of the conductive shell 4;
the insulating piece 5 is arranged at the first through hole, and a second through hole penetrating through the insulating piece 5 is formed in the insulating piece 5;
and the negative electrode leading-out piece 6 is connected with the negative electrode current collector 1 and extends towards the direction deviating from the positive electrode 2, and the negative electrode leading-out piece 6 extends to the outside of the conductive shell 4 through the second through hole.
The liquid metal battery described above has all the advantages of the negative current collector 1 and will not be described in detail herein.
Further, the distance between the positive electrode 2 and the negative current collector 1 after the liquid metal battery is completely discharged is larger than 0.01mm. Liquid metal battery is at the charge-discharge in-process, and anodal 2 volume can change, and also the interval between anodal 2 and the negative current collector 1 can change, and after liquid metal battery discharged completely, the interval between anodal 2 and the negative current collector 1 is minimum, is greater than 0.01mm in order to guarantee that liquid metal battery does not take place the short circuit at the charge-discharge in-process through the minimum interval of injecing between anodal 2 and the negative current collector 1.
Further, when the liquid metal battery is not in operation, the distance between the side surface of the negative current collector 1 and the side wall of the conductive shell 4 is 0.9 to 1 time of the distance between the negative current collector 1 and the positive electrode 2 of the liquid metal battery in a fully charged state. On one hand, the current collector 1 of the negative electrode is ensured to have larger size, so that more negative electrode materials can be loaded, the capacity of the liquid metal battery is improved, on the other hand, the degree of the conductive shell 4 participating in the electrolytic reaction is controlled, and the short circuit of the battery caused by the larger degree of the conductive shell 4 participating in the electrolytic reaction is avoided.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. The negative current collector is characterized in that the negative current collector is of a porous structure, a negative material is loaded in pores of the negative current collector, grooves are formed in the surface of the negative current collector, and the negative current collector is completely immersed in molten electrolyte of a liquid metal battery; the negative current collector is provided with a first surface, a second surface and a side face, wherein the first surface and the second surface are oppositely arranged, the side face is connected with the first surface and the second surface, the first surface faces to the positive pole of the liquid metal battery, the second surface faces away from the positive pole, and the groove is formed in at least one of the first surface, the second surface and the side face.
2. The negative electrode current collector of claim 1, wherein the groove is located at the first surface and/or the side surface.
3. The negative electrode current collector of claim 1, wherein the recess is at least one linear groove and/or at least one annular groove.
4. The negative electrode current collector of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an aspect ratio of the groove is 2 or more.
5. The negative electrode current collector of claim 4, wherein a ratio of a depth of one groove to a dimension of the negative electrode current collector in a depth direction of the groove is 1/20 to 1/3.
6. The negative electrode current collector of claim 5, wherein the grooves have a depth of 3mm to 6mm and a width of 1.5mm to 3mm.
7. The negative electrode current collector of claim 1, wherein the first surface and the side surface have a first chamfer therebetween; and/or a second chamfer is arranged between the groove wall of the groove and the surface where the groove is positioned.
8. The negative electrode current collector of claim 1, wherein the first and second surfaces have the same shape as a surface of a side of the positive electrode facing the negative electrode current collector.
9. The negative electrode current collector of claim 8, comprising a first section proximate to the first surface and a second section proximate to the second surface, the first section being connected to the second section; the negative current collector has pores, and the average size of the pores in the second section is larger than the average size of the pores in the first section.
10. The negative electrode current collector of claim 9, wherein the average size of the pores increases in a gradient along the direction from the first surface to the second surface.
11. The negative electrode current collector of claim 9 or 10, wherein the size of the pores is 0.3mm to 1.5mm.
12. A liquid metal battery, characterized by comprising the negative electrode current collector of any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. The liquid metal battery of claim 12, further comprising:
the positive electrode and the negative current collector are oppositely arranged, and the distance between the positive electrode and the negative current collector is more than 0.01mm after the liquid metal battery is completely discharged;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode current collector are both positioned in the conductive shell, and the positive electrode is abutted against the inner wall of the conductive shell;
when the liquid metal battery does not work, the distance between the side surface of the negative current collector and the side wall of the conductive shell is 0.9-1 time of the distance between the negative current collector and the positive electrode of the liquid metal battery in a fully charged state.
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| CN202211140920.4A CN115224283B (en) | 2022-09-20 | 2022-09-20 | Negative current collector and liquid metal battery |
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| CN202211140920.4A CN115224283B (en) | 2022-09-20 | 2022-09-20 | Negative current collector and liquid metal battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2005071635A (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-17 | Ibiden Co Ltd | Porous graphite plate, manufacturing method of porous graphite plate, and separator for polyelectrolyte fuel cell |
| CN202259533U (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2012-05-30 | 深圳市格瑞普电池有限公司 | Pole piece of lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery |
| CN103280575A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-04 | 南通瑞翔新材料有限公司 | Preparation method for positive electrode material-lithium nickel manganese cobalt of lithium ion secondary battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005071635A (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-17 | Ibiden Co Ltd | Porous graphite plate, manufacturing method of porous graphite plate, and separator for polyelectrolyte fuel cell |
| CN202259533U (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2012-05-30 | 深圳市格瑞普电池有限公司 | Pole piece of lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery |
| CN103280575A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-04 | 南通瑞翔新材料有限公司 | Preparation method for positive electrode material-lithium nickel manganese cobalt of lithium ion secondary battery |
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