CN115223435B - Model for eye disease diagnosis teaching - Google Patents

Model for eye disease diagnosis teaching Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115223435B
CN115223435B CN202210928756.7A CN202210928756A CN115223435B CN 115223435 B CN115223435 B CN 115223435B CN 202210928756 A CN202210928756 A CN 202210928756A CN 115223435 B CN115223435 B CN 115223435B
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model
sclera
teaching
ciliary body
diagnosis
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CN115223435A (en
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李崇义
刘莛
陈其芳
顾培林
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Chinese Peoples Liberation Army Army Specialized Medical Center
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Chinese Peoples Liberation Army Army Specialized Medical Center
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/30Anatomical models
    • G09B23/32Anatomical models with moving parts

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
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  • Instructional Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a model for eye disease diagnosis teaching, which comprises a base, wherein an eyeball model is arranged above the base, a plurality of pairs of rollers are arranged on the base, the eyeball model comprises a rear half sclera model, a vitreous body model, a ciliary body model, an iris model, an anterior chamber model, a front half sclera model, a rear chamber model, a crystalline lens model and a plurality of vertical rods, connecting rods are arranged below the rear half sclera model and the front half sclera model, guide plates are fixed at the bottoms of the connecting rods, convex plates are arranged at the bottoms of the vertical rods, and the guide plates and the convex plates extend into and are clamped between the pairs of rollers. According to the invention, through the connecting rods, the vertical rods and the plurality of pairs of rollers, each component part of the eyeball model can be sequentially and transversely unfolded above the base under the rotation of the rollers, so that specific component structures of eyes are shown for students, the students can intuitively know the structures of the eyeballs, and the teaching effect is improved.

Description

Model for eye disease diagnosis teaching
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of eyeball models, and particularly relates to a model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases.
Background
With the arrival of domestic aging, more and more people suffer from senile eye diseases, such as cataract, glaucoma, mosquito, presbyopia and the like, and different symptoms can be reflected at different positions in eyes, so that in order to facilitate teaching of the senile eye diseases, an eye model is generally used for teaching of students in teaching.
Patent CN202020172071.0 discloses a clinic teaching aid, this patent refines many complicacy, boring clinic theory, the integration focus shows on the clinic teaching aid, the teaching aid is three-dimensional structure, can observe and study its pathological change structure from different directions, and it is very strong intuitiveness, and conveniently carry the transfer, the preparation of clinic emulation teaching aid still does benefit to the learner to establish the visual thinking about the clinic, it explains comparatively boring clinic theory to benefit to the learner vividly and vividly, patent CN202120440732.8 discloses a multifunctional human eyeball model for teaching demonstration, including the support base, rotatory carriage and model main part, this patent rotatory carriage is convenient for adjust the observation position of model main part, through pouring into sterile pure water to the lens soft shell and through receive and release the winding axle of adjusting with the lens soft shell and jointly adjust the protruding degree of lens soft shell, simulate the process of muscle adjusting the lens, pupil simulation mechanism sets up the size of adjusting the through-hole through a rotatory spout, simulate the expansion and contraction of pupil.
Because the eyeball model is usually assembled after each part of the eyeball is made into a model, when a teaching person uses the eyeball model for teaching, in order to enable the student to know the internal structure of the eyeball, the eyeball model is usually disassembled, so that each part is in a scattered state, but the student cannot intuitively understand the structure inside the eyeball from each eyeball model part in the scattered state, and the teaching effect is deteriorated.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a model for eye disease diagnosis teaching, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases, which comprises a base, wherein an eyeball model is arranged above the base, a plurality of through grooves are formed in the top end of the base along the length direction, a plurality of pairs of rollers are rotatably connected in each through groove, the eyeball model comprises a rear half sclera model, a vitreous model, a ciliary body model, an iris model, an anterior chamber model, a front half sclera model, a posterior chamber model, a crystalline lens model and a plurality of vertical rods, connecting rods are connected below the rear half sclera model and the front half sclera model through a pair of supporting rods, guide plates are fixed at the bottom positions of the first end and the last end of each connecting rod, the guide plates extend into and are clamped between the plurality of pairs of rollers and are in sliding connection, the plurality of vertical rods are respectively fixed at the bottom ends of the vitreous model, the iris model and the anterior chamber model, the plurality of vertical rods are provided with convex plates, and the convex plates extend into and are clamped between the plurality of pairs of rollers and are in sliding connection.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the bottom end of each roller is provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is inserted into the bottom of the through groove and is rotationally connected with the base, and the first end and the last end of the through groove are provided with stop blocks.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the connecting rod is of a U-shaped rod-shaped structure, the bottom end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the end part of the connecting rod, the cross section of the guide plate is of an inverted T shape, convex edges are arranged at the edges of the left side and the right side of the bottom end of the guide plate, annular grooves are formed in the peripheral surfaces of the rollers, and the convex edges extend into the annular grooves to be connected in a sliding mode.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the ciliary body model is horizontally divided into a lower half ciliary body and an upper half ciliary body, the two end positions of the top end of the lower half ciliary body are provided with insertion holes, the two end positions of the bottom end of the upper half ciliary body are provided with insertion posts, and the insertion posts can be inserted into the insertion holes.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the posterior chamber model is divided into a lower half posterior chamber and an upper half posterior chamber from the middle part, pin holes are formed at the two end positions of the top end of the lower half posterior chamber, pin columns are arranged at the two end positions of the bottom end of the upper half posterior chamber, and the pin columns can be inserted into the pin holes.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the bottom end of each vertical rod is provided with a bottom plate, the lengths of the bottom plates respectively positioned at the bottom ends of the vitreous body model, the ciliary body model, the iris model and the anterior chamber model are different, and the convex plates are fixed at the bottom ends of the bottom plates.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the cross section shape of the convex plate is the same as that of the guide plate, and the shape of the bottom end of the convex plate is the same as that of the convex edge.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the bottom plate is penetrated and fixed with a poking plate.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the bottom end of the rear half sclera model and the bottom end of the front half sclera model are respectively provided with an empty-avoiding groove, and when the rear half sclera model and the front half sclera model are folded together, the vertical rods are sleeved in the empty-avoiding grooves.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the eyeball model is split into the posterior half sclera model, the vitreous model, the ciliary body model, the iris model, the anterior chamber model, the anterior half sclera model, the posterior chamber model and the lens model, so that each part on the eyeball model can be replaced by a part with symptoms according to the type of the eye disease, thus reflecting the intraocular conditions of different symptoms, and being convenient for teaching.
2. According to the invention, through the connecting rod and the vertical rod which are arranged on the eyeball model and the plurality of pairs of rollers which are arranged on the base, each component part of the eyeball model can be sequentially and transversely unfolded above the base under the rotation of the rollers, so that specific component structures of eyes are shown for students, the students can intuitively know the structure of the eyeball, and the teaching effect is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a base in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a roller in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of an eye model in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a posterior sclera model in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a guide plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of a part of the structure of an eyeball model according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a posterior chamber model in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 10 is a structural view of a vertical bar in the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a base; 11-through grooves; 111-stop blocks; 12-rollers; 122-rotating shaft; 121-ring groove;
2-eyeball model; 21-posterior half scleral model; 211-an empty-avoiding groove; 212-supporting rods; 213-connecting rods; 214-a guide plate; 2141—a ledge; 22-vitreous model; 23-ciliary body model; 231-the lower half ciliary body; 2311-a jack; 232-the upper half ciliary body; 2321-inserting a column; 24-iris model; 25-anterior chamber model; 26-anterior half scleral model; 27-posterior chamber model; 271-lower posterior chamber; 2711-pin holes; 272-upper posterior chamber; 2721-pins; 28-lens model; 29-a vertical rod; 291-bottom plate; 292-convex plate; 293-dial plate.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases according to the present invention includes a base 1, an eye model 2 is disposed above the base 1, the eye model 2 is sequentially divided into a posterior sclera model 21, a vitreous model 22, a ciliary body model 23, an iris model 24, an anterior chamber model 25, an anterior sclera model 26, a posterior chamber model 27 and a crystalline lens model 28, so that each component of the eye model 2 is divided into different structures, and when the teaching work for diagnosis of eye diseases of the elderly is required, the teaching work of symptoms of eye diseases can be performed by replacing the position of the corresponding part of the eye disease symptoms, so that the teaching and demonstration for the diagnosis work of eye diseases of the elderly of different diseases can be performed by replacing different component positions.
In the invention, the top end of the base 1 is provided with a plurality of through grooves 11 along the length direction, each through groove 11 is rotationally connected with a plurality of pairs of rollers 12, the bottom end of each roller 12 is provided with a rotating shaft 122, and the rotating shaft 122 is inserted into the bottom of the through groove 11 and rotationally connected with the base 1, so that the rollers 12 rotate in the through grooves 11. The lower parts of the posterior sclera model 21 and the anterior sclera model 26 are connected with connecting rods 213 through a pair of supporting rods 212, a guide plate 214 is fixed at the bottom position of the first end and the last end of each connecting rod 213, the guide plate 214 extends into and is clamped between a plurality of pairs of rollers 12 and is in sliding connection, the guide plate 214 is limited between the plurality of pairs of rollers 12 and keeps a vertical state, the connecting rods 213 are in a U-shaped rod-shaped structure, the bottom ends of the supporting rods 212 are fixedly connected with the ends of the connecting rods 213, the cross section of the guide plate 214 is in an inverted T shape, convex edges 2141 are arranged at the edges of the left side and the right side of the bottom end of the guide plate 214, annular grooves 121 are formed on the peripheral surfaces of the rollers 12, the convex edges 2141 extend into the annular grooves 121 to be in sliding connection, and the bottom ends of the guide plate 214 are limited in the annular grooves 121 while the guide plate 214 is limited between the plurality of pairs of rollers 12, so that the connecting rods 213 are limited on the base 1 through the guide plate 214. When the teaching staff pushes the connecting rod 213, the connecting rod 213 can drive the roller 12 to rotate through the guide plate 214, so that the connecting rod 213 drives the rear half sclera model 21 or the front half sclera model 26 to move along the through groove 11 through the support rod 212, thereby achieving the purpose of opening and closing the rear half sclera model 21 and the front half sclera model 26.
Specifically, the stop blocks 111 are mounted at the front end and the rear end of the through groove 11, and the stop blocks 111 play a role in blocking the movement of the guide plate 214 in the through groove 11, so that the guide plate 214 is prevented from being pulled out from the end of the through groove 11 when moving in the roller 12.
Further, the eyeball model 2 is further provided with a plurality of vertical rods 29, the plurality of vertical rods 29 are respectively fixed at the bottom ends of the vitreous model 22, the ciliary body model 23, the iris model 24 and the anterior chamber model 25, the bottom ends of the plurality of vertical rods 29 are respectively provided with a convex plate 292, the convex plates 292 extend into and are clamped between the plurality of pairs of rollers 12 and are in sliding connection, the cross section shape of the convex plates 292 is the same as that of the guide plate 214, the shape of the bottom ends of the convex plates 292 is the same as that of the convex edges 2141, so that the convex plates 292 can move along the through grooves 11 under the rotation of the rollers 12 like the guide plate 214, and the vitreous model 22, the ciliary body model 23, the iris model 24 and the anterior chamber model 25 can also move along the through grooves 11, thereby achieving the purpose of expanding each part of the eyeball model 2 above the base 1, and enabling a teacher to more intuitively know each structure of the eyeball.
In addition, the ciliary body model 23 is horizontally divided into the lower half ciliary body 231 and the upper half ciliary body 232, the insertion holes 2311 are formed at both end positions of the top end of the lower half ciliary body 231, the insertion posts 2321 are formed at both end positions of the bottom end of the upper half ciliary body 232, the insertion posts 2321 can be inserted into the insertion holes 2311, and the lower half ciliary body 231 and the upper half ciliary body 232 can be combined into the complete ciliary body model 23 by aligning and inserting the insertion posts 2321 into the insertion holes 2311.
The posterior chamber model 27 is embedded in the ciliary body model 23, the lens model 28 is embedded in the posterior chamber model 27, the posterior chamber model 27 is divided into a lower posterior chamber 271 and an upper posterior chamber 272 from the middle, pin holes 2711 are formed in two end positions of the top end of the lower posterior chamber 271, pin posts 2721 are arranged in two end positions of the bottom end of the upper posterior chamber 272, the pin posts 2721 can be inserted into the pin holes 2711, and the lower posterior chamber 271 and the upper posterior chamber 272 can be combined into a complete posterior chamber model 27 by aligning the pin posts 2721 and inserting the pin posts 2711, so that the lens model 28 can be conveniently disassembled and assembled from the posterior chamber model 27.
In the above scheme, the bottom end of each vertical rod 29 is provided with the bottom plate 291, the lengths of the bottom plates 291 respectively positioned at the bottom ends of the vitreous model 22, the ciliary body model 23, the iris model 24 and the anterior chamber model 25 are different, the convex plate 292 is fixed at the bottom end of the bottom plate 291, the poking plate 293 penetrates through and is fixed on the bottom plate 291, when a teaching person pokes the poking plate 293, the poking plate 293 can drive the convex plate 292 to move along a plurality of pairs of rollers 12 through the bottom plate 291, so that the vitreous model 22, the ciliary body model 23, the iris model 24 or the anterior chamber model 25 mounted on the vertical rods 29 can be driven to move together, and the eyeball model 2 can be unfolded layer by layer above the base 1 after being split into a plurality of parts, thereby intuitively displaying the structure of the eyeball model 2 for the students and increasing the teaching effect.
Specifically, the bottom ends of the posterior sclera model 21 and the anterior sclera model 26 are both provided with the hollow-out preventing groove 211, and when the posterior sclera model 21 and the anterior sclera model 26 are folded together, the vertical rods 29 are sleeved in the hollow-out preventing groove 211, so that when the posterior sclera model 21 and the anterior sclera model 26 are folded together, the vertical rods 29 mounted at the bottom ends of the vitreous model 22, the ciliary body model 23, the iris model 24 and the anterior chamber model 25 can smoothly move into the posterior sclera model 21 and the anterior sclera model 26, and the bottom ends of the vitreous model 22, the ciliary body model 23, the iris model 24 and the anterior chamber model 25 can be wrapped between the posterior sclera model 21 and the anterior sclera model 26 to form the complete eyeball model 2.
The working principle of the model for eye disease diagnosis teaching of the invention is as follows:
firstly, a teaching person holds two connecting rods 213 positioned below a rear half sclera model 21 and a front half sclera model 26 respectively and then pulls the two connecting rods 213 reversely, so that the two connecting rods 213 can drive the rear half sclera model 21 and the front half sclera model 26 to move reversely along a through groove 11 under the action of a guide plate 214 and a roller 12, thereby unfolding the sclera layer of the eyeball model 2 from the middle to expose the structure inside the eyeball model 2, then the teaching person pushes a poking plate 293 on each vertical rod 29 respectively, the poking plate 293 can drive the vertical rods 29 to move along the through groove 11 through a bottom plate 291 and under the action of the convex plates 292, and then the vitreous body model 22, the ciliary body model 23, the iris model 24 and the anterior chamber model 25 can be unfolded on the base 1, the structure of the eyeball model 2 is directly displayed on the base 1, the teaching effect is improved, and finally, the eye disease diagnosis teaching can be performed according to different eye disease types by replacing the positions corresponding to the eye disease types symptoms in the eyeball model 2, so that a person can intuitively learn the eye disease symptoms and learn the eye disease symptoms by using the eye model 2.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a model is used in eye disease diagnosis teaching, includes base (1), the top of base (1) is provided with eyeball model (2), its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a pair of roller (12) is connected with in the top of base (1) along length direction, every all rotate in logical groove (11) and be connected with a plurality of pairs of roller (12), eyeball model (2) are including back half sclera model (21), vitreous body model (22), ciliary body model (23), iris model (24), anterior chamber model (25), anterior half sclera model (26), posterior chamber model (27), lens model (28) and a plurality of montant (29), back half sclera model (21) with the below of anterior half sclera model (26) all is connected with connecting rod (213) through a pair of bracing piece (212), every connecting rod (213) all are fixed with deflector (214) in the bottom position department at first end both ends, deflector (214) stretch into and press from both sides a plurality of between roller (12) and sliding connection, a plurality of montant (29) are fixed respectively vitreous body model (22), ciliary body model (23), iris model (24) with the bottom of anterior chamber model (25) all is equipped with a plurality of pairs of roller (292) and stretches into between a plurality of roller (292).
2. The model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of every roller (12) all is equipped with pivot (122), pivot (122) are inserted the tank bottom of logical groove (11) and with base (1) rotation is connected, dog (111) are all installed at the first end both ends of logical groove (11).
3. The model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting rod (213) is of a U-shaped rod-shaped structure, the bottom end of the supporting rod (212) is fixedly connected with the end part of the connecting rod (213), the cross section of the guide plate (214) is of an inverted T shape, convex edges (2141) are arranged at the edges of the left side and the right side of the bottom end of the guide plate (214), an annular groove (121) is formed in the peripheral surface of the roller (12), and the convex edges (2141) extend into the annular groove (121) to be connected in a sliding mode.
4. The model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases according to claim 1, wherein: the ciliary body model (23) is divided into a lower half ciliary body (231) and an upper half ciliary body (232) horizontally, insertion holes (2311) are formed in the two end positions of the top end of the lower half ciliary body (231), inserting posts (2321) are arranged in the two end positions of the bottom end of the upper half ciliary body (232), and the inserting posts (2321) can be inserted into the insertion holes (2311).
5. The model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases according to claim 1, wherein: the rear room model (27) is divided into a lower half rear room (271) and an upper half rear room (272) from the middle part, pin holes (2711) are formed in the positions of the two ends of the top end of the lower half rear room (271), pin posts (2721) are arranged in the positions of the two ends of the bottom end of the upper half rear room (272), and the pin posts (2721) can be inserted into the pin holes (2711).
6. The model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom of every montant (29) all is equipped with bottom plate (291), is located respectively vitreous body model (22), ciliary body model (23), iris model (24) and the length of each bottom plate (291) of anterior chamber model (25) bottom is the difference form, convex plate (292) is fixed in the bottom of bottom plate (291).
7. The model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases according to claim 6, wherein: the cross-sectional shape of the convex plate (292) is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the guide plate (214), and the shape of the bottom end of the convex plate (292) is the same as the shape of the convex edge (2141).
8. The model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases according to claim 6, wherein: a pulling plate (293) is penetrated and fixed on the bottom plate (291).
9. The model for diagnosis and teaching of eye diseases according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the rear half sclera model (21) and the bottom of the front half sclera model (26) are both provided with an empty-avoiding groove (211), and when the rear half sclera model (21) and the front half sclera model (26) are folded together, the vertical rods (29) are sleeved in the empty-avoiding groove (211).
CN202210928756.7A 2022-08-03 2022-08-03 Model for eye disease diagnosis teaching Active CN115223435B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN85200003U (en) * 1985-04-01 1985-09-10 贾锐锋 Eyeball model
JP2007127708A (en) * 2005-11-01 2007-05-24 Tsutomu Hara Eyeball model
CN106033652A (en) * 2016-07-19 2016-10-19 邓如芝 Detachable ophthalmic corneal foreign body removing model
CN112530262A (en) * 2020-12-02 2021-03-19 合肥爱瞳健康科技有限公司 Detachable bionic eyeball model and imaging method thereof
CN113963591A (en) * 2021-10-19 2022-01-21 中国人民解放军陆军特色医学中心 Fundus disease simulation teaching instrument
CN216671002U (en) * 2022-01-29 2022-06-03 深圳市妇幼保健院 Ophthalmology simulation teaching equipment

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN85200003U (en) * 1985-04-01 1985-09-10 贾锐锋 Eyeball model
JP2007127708A (en) * 2005-11-01 2007-05-24 Tsutomu Hara Eyeball model
CN106033652A (en) * 2016-07-19 2016-10-19 邓如芝 Detachable ophthalmic corneal foreign body removing model
CN112530262A (en) * 2020-12-02 2021-03-19 合肥爱瞳健康科技有限公司 Detachable bionic eyeball model and imaging method thereof
CN113963591A (en) * 2021-10-19 2022-01-21 中国人民解放军陆军特色医学中心 Fundus disease simulation teaching instrument
CN216671002U (en) * 2022-01-29 2022-06-03 深圳市妇幼保健院 Ophthalmology simulation teaching equipment

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