CN115220139A - Optical prism manufacturing control method based on computer image recognition - Google Patents

Optical prism manufacturing control method based on computer image recognition Download PDF

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CN115220139A
CN115220139A CN202210920777.4A CN202210920777A CN115220139A CN 115220139 A CN115220139 A CN 115220139A CN 202210920777 A CN202210920777 A CN 202210920777A CN 115220139 A CN115220139 A CN 115220139A
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optical
optical prism
prism
image
defect
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CN115220139B (en
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王桥
余雄
桑海伟
左羽
崔忠伟
冉思彬
袁梅梅
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Guizhou Education University
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Guizhou Education University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
    • C03B33/02—Cutting or splitting sheet glass or ribbons; Apparatus or machines therefor
    • C03B33/0222—Scoring using a focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/958—Inspecting transparent materials or objects, e.g. windscreens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
    • G06V20/50—Context or environment of the image
    • G06V20/52—Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
    • G01N2021/8887—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges based on image processing techniques

Abstract

The invention provides an optical prism manufacturing control method based on computer image recognition, which comprises the steps of cutting an optical glass piece into an optical blank by laser and polishing and grinding the optical blank into an optical flat piece; splicing and assembling the optical flat plate pieces to obtain an optical prism, shooting and analyzing an optical prism image, judging whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect, and replacing the optical flat plate pieces; after the optical flat plate pieces are replaced, all the optical flat plate pieces of the optical prism are bonded and fixed, and the optical prism is installed in the optical equipment to be subjected to optical path alignment adjustment, so that the quality of the optical prism can be monitored in real time in the production and manufacturing process, and the optical flat plate pieces can be replaced for the optical prism with defects in time, so that the production yield and the processing and production reliability and efficiency of the optical prism are improved.

Description

Optical prism manufacturing control method based on computer image recognition
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical prism processing, in particular to an optical prism manufacturing control method based on computer image recognition.
Background
Optical prisms are used to split or deflect light and are typically assembled from several optical flat panels. The relative assembly orientation between the different optical flat plates in the optical prism and the smoothness of the optical surfaces of the optical flat plates directly affect the optical performance of the optical prism. At present, the machining and manufacturing of the optical prism are all operated by a numerical control machine tool. Although the numerical control machine tool can realize the production line of the optical prism and improve the processing production efficiency of the optical prism, the numerical control machine tool cannot detect the assembling defects and the surface processing defects of different optical flat plates in the optical prism in real time in the processing production process, thereby failing to carry out real-time quality monitoring on the optical prism and effectively improving the production yield of the optical prism.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a manufacturing control method of an optical prism based on computer image recognition, which comprises the steps of cutting an optical glass piece into an optical blank by laser, and polishing and grinding the optical blank into an optical flat piece; splicing and assembling the optical flat plate pieces to obtain an optical prism, shooting and analyzing an optical prism image, judging whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect, and replacing the optical flat plate pieces; after the optical flat plate pieces are replaced, all the optical flat plate pieces of the optical prism are bonded and fixed, and the optical prism is installed in optical equipment to be aligned and adjusted in an optical path, so that the quality of the optical prism can be monitored in real time in the production and manufacturing process, the optical flat plate pieces can be replaced for the optical prism with defects in time, and the production yield, the processing and production reliability and the efficiency of the optical prism can be improved.
The invention provides an optical prism manufacturing control method based on computer image recognition, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, carrying out laser cutting on an optical glass piece to obtain an optical blank with a preset shape and size; then, the optical blank body is arranged in six-degree-of-freedom equipment, and the optical blank body is polished and ground to obtain an optical flat plate;
s2, splicing and assembling a plurality of optical flat plate pieces to obtain an optical prism, and shooting the optical prism to obtain an optical prism image; analyzing the optical prism image, and judging whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect; then, according to the judgment result, replacing the corresponding optical flat plate;
s3, after the optical flat pieces are replaced, bonding and fixing all the optical flat pieces of the optical prism; and then the optical prism is arranged in the optical equipment for light path alignment adjustment.
Further, in the step S1, performing laser cutting on the optical glass piece to obtain an optical blank with a predetermined shape and size specifically includes:
fixing the optical glass piece on an optical platform, and acquiring the original shape and size of the optical glass piece on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of a three-dimensional space;
comparing the preset shape size with the original shape size, and determining a cutting volume amount corresponding to the laser cutting of the optical glass piece;
and adjusting the irradiation duration and the irradiation direction of the cutting laser beam on the optical glass piece according to the cutting length and the cutting boundary line trend of the cutting volume on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis of the three-dimensional space.
Further, in the step S1, installing the optical blank in a six-degree-of-freedom device, and polishing and grinding the optical blank to obtain an optical flat plate specifically includes:
installing the optical blank in six-degree-of-freedom equipment, and determining an alignment deviation angle between an optical surface to be polished of the optical blank and a polishing grinding head according to the relative pose relationship between the optical blank and the polishing grinding head;
and according to the alignment deviation angle, indicating the six-degree-of-freedom equipment to adjust the six-degree-of-freedom orientation of the optical blank, and enabling the adjusted alignment deviation angle to be within a preset deviation angle threshold range, so that the optical blank is polished and ground to obtain an optical flat piece.
Further, in step S2, splicing and assembling the plurality of optical flat plate members to obtain an optical prism, and shooting the optical prism to obtain an optical prism image specifically includes:
splicing and assembling a plurality of optical flat plate pieces in a non-parallel mode in pairs according to a preset optical prism shape model to obtain an optical prism;
and scanning and shooting the optical prism to obtain an optical prism panoramic image, and then performing Kalman filtering processing and pixel edge sharpening processing on the optical prism panoramic image.
Further, in the step S2, analyzing the optical prism image, and determining whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect; and then according to the judged result, the replacement of the corresponding optical flat plate specifically comprises:
identifying and obtaining a main section image of the optical prism from the panoramic image of the optical prism, analyzing the main section image, and judging whether an assembly defect exists between optical flat pieces of the optical prism;
identifying and obtaining a light incidence state and a light emergence state corresponding to the side surface of the optical prism from the panoramic image of the optical prism, and judging whether the side surface of the optical prism has surface processing defects or not according to the light incidence state and the light emergence state;
and determining whether the optical flat plate piece needs to be replaced according to the judgment results of the assembly defects and the surface machining defects.
Further, in step S2, identifying and obtaining a main sectional image of the optical prism from the panoramic image of the optical prism, analyzing the main sectional image, and determining whether an assembly defect exists between the optical flat pieces of the optical prism specifically includes:
establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system for a Y axis with a left lower vertex of the optical prism panoramic image as an origin of coordinates, a lower boundary thereof as the right direction and a left boundary thereof as the upward direction, wherein unit lengths in the X axis and the Y axis respectively correspond to a distance between two adjacent transverse pixel points and a distance between two adjacent longitudinal pixel points of the optical prism panoramic image;
judging whether there is an assembly defect between optical plate members of the optical prism on the side of the optical prism according to each vertex coordinate in the main sectional image using the following formula (1),
Figure BDA0003777461020000041
in the above formula (1), S (i) represents a length value of the ith side image in the main sectional image; [ x (i), y (i)]Coordinates representing an intersecting vertex of an ith side face and an ith-1 side face in the main sectional image, and if i =1, coordinates of the intersecting vertex of the 1 st side face and an nth side face; n represents the number of the side surfaces of the optical prisms, namely the optical prisms are n prisms; w (i) represents an assembly defect determination value between optical plate members of the optical prism on the ith side of the optical prism;
Figure BDA0003777461020000042
represents a mode obtained by taking the value of i from 1 to n;
if W (i) =0, it means that there is no assembly defect between the optical flat members of the optical prism on the i-th side of the optical prism;
if W (i) =1, it indicates that there is an assembly defect between the optical flat members of the optical prism on the i-th side of the optical prism;
in step S2, determining whether a surface processing defect exists on the side surface of the optical prism according to the light incident state and the light exiting state specifically includes:
judging whether the side surface of the optical prism has surface processing defects or not according to the light incidence state and the light emergence state by using the following formula (2),
Figure BDA0003777461020000043
in the above formula (2), P (i) represents a surface processing defect determination value of the ith side surface of the optical prism; [ X ] in (i)，Y in (i)]Representing the incident light direction vector corresponding to the incident light from the ith side of the optical prism; [ X ] out (i′)，Y out (i′)]The vector of the emergent light direction corresponding to the incident light from the ith side surface of the optical prism is shown; [ X ] out (i)，Y out (i)]An exit light direction vector indicating when a light ray exits from the ith side surface of the optical prism; [ X ] in (i″)，Y in (i″)]Representing the corresponding incident light direction vector when the light ray exits from the ith side surface of the optical prism; theta.theta. 0 Representing a corresponding deflection angle of an incident direction and an emergent direction after a preset light ray is incident to the n optical prism; Λ represents a logical relationship and; the V-shaped represents a logical relationship or;
if P (i) =0, it means that there is no surface processing defect on the ith side face of the optical prism;
if P (i) =1, the surface processing defect exists on the ith side face of the optical prism;
in step S2, determining whether the corresponding optical flat piece needs to be replaced according to the judgment results of the assembly defect and the surface processing defect specifically includes:
determining whether a corresponding optical flat plate member needs to be replaced according to the judgment results of the assembly defect and the surface processing defect by using the following formula (3),
Figure BDA0003777461020000051
in the above formula (3), K represents a replacement determination value of the optical flat member of the optical prism; when K =0, it means that the optical plate member of the optical prism does not need to be replaced; when K =1, it indicates that the optical plate of the optical prism needs to be replaced, and all the optical plate members whose side surfaces satisfy [ W (i) + P (i) ] ≠ 0 in the optical prism are replaced.
Further, in the step S3, after the optical plate member is replaced, the adhering and fixing all the optical plate members of the optical prism specifically includes:
after the optical flat pieces are replaced, all the adjacent optical flat pieces in the optical prism are aligned along the corresponding connecting boundary lines, and then the adhesive is applied to the connecting boundary lines, so that the adjacent optical flat pieces are adhered and fixed.
Further, in step S3, installing the optical prism in the optical device for optical path alignment adjustment specifically includes:
after the optical prism is installed in the optical equipment, the posture orientation of the optical prism inside the optical equipment is adjusted, so that the main optical axis of the optical prism is coincident with the optical axis of the optical equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the optical prism manufacturing control method based on computer image recognition cuts the optical glass piece into the optical blank body by laser and polishes and grinds the optical blank body to form the optical flat piece; splicing and assembling the optical flat plate pieces to obtain an optical prism, shooting and analyzing an optical prism image, judging whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect, and replacing the optical flat plate pieces; after the optical flat plate pieces are replaced, all the optical flat plate pieces of the optical prism are bonded and fixed, and the optical prism is installed in the optical equipment to be subjected to optical path alignment adjustment, so that the quality of the optical prism can be monitored in real time in the production and manufacturing process, and the optical flat plate pieces can be replaced for the optical prism with defects in time, so that the production yield and the processing and production reliability and efficiency of the optical prism are improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling the manufacturing of an optical prism based on computer image recognition according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling manufacturing of an optical prism based on computer image recognition according to an embodiment of the present invention. The manufacturing control method of the optical prism based on computer image recognition comprises the following steps:
step S1, carrying out laser cutting on an optical glass piece to obtain an optical blank with a preset shape and size; then the optical blank is arranged in a six-degree-of-freedom device, and the optical blank is polished and ground to obtain an optical flat piece;
s2, splicing and assembling the plurality of optical flat plate pieces to obtain an optical prism, and shooting the optical prism to obtain an optical prism image; analyzing the optical prism image, and judging whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect; then, according to the judgment result, replacing the corresponding optical flat piece;
s3, after the optical flat pieces are replaced, bonding and fixing all the optical flat pieces of the optical prism; and then the optical prism is installed in the optical equipment for optical path alignment adjustment.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the manufacturing control method of the optical prism based on the computer image recognition comprises the steps of cutting an optical glass piece into an optical blank body by laser, and polishing and grinding the optical blank body to form an optical flat piece; splicing and assembling the optical flat plate pieces to obtain an optical prism, shooting and analyzing an optical prism image, judging whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect, and replacing the optical flat plate pieces; after the optical flat plate pieces are replaced, all the optical flat plate pieces of the optical prism are bonded and fixed, and the optical prism is installed in the optical equipment to be subjected to optical path alignment adjustment, so that the quality of the optical prism can be monitored in real time in the production and manufacturing process, and the optical flat plate pieces can be replaced for the optical prism with defects in time, so that the production yield and the processing and production reliability and efficiency of the optical prism are improved.
Preferably, in step S1, the laser cutting of the optical glass piece to obtain the optical blank with the predetermined shape and size specifically includes:
fixing the optical glass piece on an optical platform, and acquiring the original shape and size of the optical glass piece on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis of a three-dimensional space;
comparing the preset shape size with the original shape size, and determining the cutting volume amount corresponding to the laser cutting of the optical glass piece;
and adjusting the irradiation duration and the irradiation direction of the cutting laser beam on the optical glass piece according to the cutting length and the cutting boundary line trend of the cutting volume on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis of the three-dimensional space.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the optical prism is generally formed by assembling a plurality of optical flat members, which are generally rectangular optical glasses. In order to produce an optical flat plate member of a predetermined shape and size, rough machining by laser cutting is required for the optical glass member. In the laser cutting process, the shape dimension difference between the preset shape dimension and the original shape dimension is determined to obtain the cutting volume corresponding to the laser cutting of the optical glass piece, so that the optical glass piece can be conveniently and accurately cut by the laser. In addition, according to the cutting length and the cutting boundary line trend of the cutting volume quantity on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis of the three-dimensional space, the irradiation duration and the irradiation direction of the cutting laser beam on the optical glass piece are adjusted, the laser beam can be controlled to be converged and cut along the cutting boundary line in the laser cutting process, and therefore the cutting error rate of the laser cutting is greatly reduced.
Preferably, in step S1, the mounting the optical blank in a six-degree-of-freedom apparatus, and polishing and grinding the optical blank to obtain the optical flat specifically includes:
installing the optical blank in a six-degree-of-freedom device, and determining an alignment deviation angle between an optical surface to be polished of the optical blank and a polishing grinding head according to the relative pose relationship between the optical blank and the polishing grinding head;
and according to the alignment deviation angle, indicating the six-degree-of-freedom equipment to adjust the six-degree-of-freedom orientation of the optical blank, and enabling the adjusted alignment deviation angle to be within a preset deviation angle threshold range, so that the optical blank is polished and ground to obtain an optical flat piece.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the optical blank obtained by laser cutting is installed in a six-degree-of-freedom device, and the relative pose relation of the optical blank and the polishing grinding head can be adjusted in real time according to the alignment deviation angle between the normal direction of different optical surfaces to be polished of the optical blank and the polishing grinding head through the six-degree-of-freedom device, so that the polishing grinding head is ensured to always keep the orientation parallel to the normal direction of the optical surface to be polished in the polishing grinding process to carry out polishing grinding.
Preferably, in step S2, splicing and assembling the plurality of optical flat plate members to obtain an optical prism, and shooting the optical prism to obtain an optical prism image specifically includes:
splicing and assembling a plurality of optical flat plate pieces in a non-parallel mode in pairs according to a preset optical prism shape model to obtain an optical prism;
and scanning and shooting the optical prism to obtain an optical prism panoramic image, and then performing Kalman filtering processing and pixel edge sharpening processing on the optical prism panoramic image.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: splicing and assembling a plurality of optical flat plate pieces according to a preset optical prism shape model to obtain a corresponding optical prism preliminarily; and then, kalman filtering processing and pixel edge sharpening processing are carried out on the optical prism panoramic image obtained by scanning and shooting the optical prism, so that the pixel resolution corresponding to the side surface, the side surface intersection boundary line and the prism vertex of the optical prism in the optical prism panoramic image can be improved.
Preferably, in the step S2, the optical prism image is analyzed to determine whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect; and then according to this judged result, change corresponding optics flat plate and specifically include:
identifying the panoramic image of the optical prism to obtain a main section image of the optical prism, analyzing the main section image, and judging whether an assembly defect exists between optical flat pieces of the optical prism;
identifying and obtaining a light incidence state and a light emergence state corresponding to the side surface of the optical prism from the panoramic image of the optical prism, and judging whether the side surface of the optical prism has surface processing defects or not according to the light incidence state and the light emergence state;
and determining whether the optical flat plate piece needs to be replaced according to the judgment results of the assembly defects and the surface processing defects.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: and identifying and obtaining a main section image of the optical prism from the panoramic image of the optical prism, wherein the main section image comprises joint detail information of all side surfaces of the optical prism, and analyzing the main section image to accurately judge whether the assembly of different optical flat plate pieces is misplaced. The incident and emergent states of the light rays corresponding to the side surfaces of the optical prisms are identified from the panoramic image of the optical prisms, and whether the optical surface of each optical flat piece is polished to a standard optical surface state or not can be determined. And finally, when the optical prism is determined to have assembly defects and surface processing defects, the corresponding optical flat plate piece is replaced, so that the processing and manufacturing yield of the optical prism can be effectively ensured.
Preferably, in step S2, identifying a main sectional image of the optical prism from the panoramic image of the optical prism, analyzing the main sectional image, and determining whether an assembly defect exists between the optical flat plates of the optical prism specifically includes:
establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking the left lower vertex of the optical prism panoramic image as a coordinate origin, the right lower boundary of the optical prism panoramic image as an X axis and the upward left boundary of the optical prism panoramic image as a Y axis, wherein the unit lengths on the X axis and the Y axis respectively correspond to the distance between two adjacent transverse pixel points and the distance between two adjacent longitudinal pixel points of the optical prism panoramic image;
judging whether there is an assembly defect between the optical plate members of the optical prisms on the side of the optical prisms based on each vertex coordinate in the main sectional image using the following formula (1),
Figure BDA0003777461020000101
in the above formula (1), S (i) represents a length value of the ith side image in the main sectional image; [ x (i), y (i)]Coordinates representing the intersection vertex of the ith side surface and the (i-1) th side surface in the main sectional image are represented by the 1 st side surface and the nth side surface when i =1Intersecting vertex coordinates; n represents the number of the side surfaces of the optical prisms, namely the optical prisms are n prisms; w (i) represents an assembly defect determination value between optical plate members of the optical prism on the ith side of the optical prism;
Figure BDA0003777461020000102
represents a mode obtained by taking the value of i from 1 to n;
if W (i) =0, it means that there is no assembly defect between the optical flat members of the optical prism on the i-th side of the optical prism;
if W (i) =1, it indicates that there is an assembly defect between the optical flat members of the optical prism on the i-th side of the optical prism;
in step S2, determining whether the side surface of the optical prism has a surface processing defect according to the light incident state and the light exiting state specifically includes:
judging whether the side surface of the optical prism has surface processing defects or not according to the incident state and the emergent state of the light by using the following formula (2),
Figure BDA0003777461020000103
in the above formula (2), P (i) represents a surface processing defect determination value of the ith side surface of the optical prism; [ X ] in (i)，Y in (i)]The optical prism is used for indicating the corresponding incident light direction vector when light enters from the ith side surface of the optical prism; [ X ] out (i′)，Y out (i′)]The vector of the emergent light direction corresponding to the incident light from the ith side surface of the optical prism is shown; [ X ] out (i)，Y out (i)]An exit light direction vector indicating when a light ray exits from the ith side surface of the optical prism; [ X ] in (i″)，Y in (i″)]The light source is used for indicating the corresponding incident light direction vector when the light ray exits from the ith side surface of the optical prism; theta 0 Representing a corresponding deflection angle of an incident direction and an emergent direction after a preset light ray is incident to the n optical prism; Λ represents a logical relation and; the V-shaped represents a logical relationship or;
if P (i) =0, it means that there is no surface processing defect on the ith side surface of the optical prism;
if P (i) =1, the surface processing defect exists on the ith side face of the optical prism;
in step S2, determining whether the corresponding optical flat plate needs to be replaced according to the judgment results of the assembly defect and the surface processing defect specifically includes:
determining whether a corresponding optical flat plate member needs to be replaced based on the judgment results of the assembly defect and the surface processing defect using the following formula (3),
Figure BDA0003777461020000111
in the above formula (3), K represents a replacement determination value of the optical flat member of the optical prism; when K =0, it means that the optical plate member of the optical prism does not need to be replaced; when K =1, it indicates that the optical plate of the optical prism needs to be replaced, and all the optical plates having side surfaces satisfying [ W (i) + P (i) ] ≠ 0 in the optical prism are replaced.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: judging whether the side surface of the optical prism has an assembly defect between the optical flat pieces of the optical prism by using the coordinates of each vertex in the main section image in the formula (1), and abstracting the main section of the optical prism into an n-polygon by using the vertex of each side surface of the optical prism, thereby facilitating the judgment and calculation of the optical prism and accurately positioning the side surface with the assembly defect; then, whether the side surface of the optical prism has a process defect or not is judged according to the light ray image which is emitted by the light ray on each side surface and is correspondingly emitted by the formula (2), the optical prism is further inspected according to the refraction principle of the light ray in the prism, and the operation is carried out in the form of light ray vectors in the image, so that the light ray can be digitalized in a geometric mode, the process defect of the side surface of the optical prism can be judged accurately and quickly by using a computer, the production time of the optical prism is shortened, and the generation efficiency is improved; and finally, determining whether the optical prism is successfully manufactured or not or replacing the optical flat piece with the assembly defect and the process defect according to the assembly defect determination value and the process defect determination value by using the formula (3), so as to control and output the optical prism which is qualified for detection, and carry out targeted repair on the optical flat piece with the defect, thereby ensuring that the optical prism which is output in production is qualified.
Preferably, in step S3, after the replacement of the optical plate members is completed, the adhesively fixing all the optical plate members of the optical prism specifically includes:
after the replacement of the optical flat members is completed, all the adjacent optical flat members in the optical prism are aligned along the corresponding boundary lines, and then an adhesive is applied to the boundary lines, thereby achieving the adhesive fixation of the adjacent optical flat members.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: after the optical flat pieces are replaced, any adjacent optical flat pieces in the optical prism are bonded and fixed by using the adhesive, so that the mechanical stability of the whole optical prism is improved.
Preferably, in step S3, the mounting the optical prism in the optical device for optical path alignment adjustment specifically includes:
after the optical prism is installed in the optical equipment, the posture orientation of the optical prism in the optical equipment is adjusted, so that the main optical axis of the optical prism is coincident with the optical axis of the optical equipment.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: after the optical prism is installed on the optical equipment, the posture orientation of the optical prism in the optical equipment is adjusted, so that the main optical axis of the optical prism can coincide with the optical axis of the optical equipment, and the imaging quality of the optical equipment is prevented from being reduced due to the fact that the optical axis alignment deviation exists between the optical prism and the optical equipment.
As can be seen from the contents of the above embodiments, the method for controlling the manufacturing of an optical prism based on image recognition laser-cuts an optical glass piece to form an optical blank, and polishes and grinds the optical blank to form an optical flat piece; splicing and assembling the optical flat plate pieces to obtain an optical prism, shooting and analyzing an optical prism image, judging whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect, and replacing the optical flat plate pieces; after the optical flat plate pieces are replaced, all the optical flat plate pieces of the optical prism are bonded and fixed, and the optical prism is installed in the optical equipment to be subjected to optical path alignment adjustment, so that the quality of the optical prism can be monitored in real time in the production and manufacturing process, and the optical flat plate pieces can be replaced for the optical prism with defects in time, so that the production yield and the processing and production reliability and efficiency of the optical prism are improved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (8)

1. The method for controlling the manufacturing of the optical prism based on computer image recognition is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, carrying out laser cutting on an optical glass piece to obtain an optical blank with a preset shape and size; then, the optical blank body is arranged in six-degree-of-freedom equipment, and the optical blank body is polished and ground to obtain an optical flat plate;
s2, splicing and assembling a plurality of optical flat plate pieces to obtain an optical prism, and shooting the optical prism to obtain an optical prism image; analyzing the optical prism image, and judging whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect; then, according to the judgment result, replacing the corresponding optical flat piece;
s3, after the optical flat pieces are replaced, bonding and fixing all the optical flat pieces of the optical prism; and then the optical prism is arranged in the optical equipment for light path alignment adjustment.
2. A method for controlling the manufacture of an optical prism based on computer image recognition according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step S1, laser cutting the optical glass piece to obtain an optical blank with a predetermined shape and size specifically includes:
fixing the optical glass piece on an optical platform, and acquiring the original shape and size of the optical glass piece on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis of a three-dimensional space;
comparing the preset shape size with the original shape size, and determining a cutting volume amount corresponding to the laser cutting of the optical glass piece;
and adjusting the irradiation duration and the irradiation direction of the cutting laser beam on the optical glass piece according to the cutting length and the cutting boundary line trend of the cutting volume on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis of the three-dimensional space.
3. A method for controlling the manufacture of an optical prism based on computer image recognition according to claim 2, wherein:
in the step S1, installing the optical blank in a six-degree-of-freedom device, and polishing and grinding the optical blank to obtain an optical flat piece specifically includes:
installing the optical blank in six-degree-of-freedom equipment, and determining an alignment deviation angle between an optical surface to be polished of the optical blank and a polishing grinding head according to the relative pose relationship between the optical blank and the polishing grinding head;
and according to the alignment deviation angle, indicating the six-degree-of-freedom equipment to adjust the six-degree-of-freedom orientation of the optical blank, and enabling the adjusted alignment deviation angle to be within a preset deviation angle threshold range, so that the optical blank is polished and ground to obtain an optical flat piece.
4. A method for controlling the manufacture of an optical prism based on computer image recognition according to claim 1, wherein:
in step S2, splicing and assembling the plurality of optical flat plate members to obtain an optical prism, and shooting the optical prism to obtain an optical prism image specifically includes:
splicing and assembling a plurality of optical flat plate pieces in a non-parallel mode in pairs according to a preset optical prism shape model to obtain an optical prism;
and scanning and shooting the optical prism to obtain an optical prism panoramic image, and then performing Kalman filtering processing and pixel edge sharpening processing on the optical prism panoramic image.
5. A method for controlling the manufacture of an optical prism based on computer image recognition according to claim 4, wherein:
in the step S2, analyzing the optical prism image, and determining whether the optical prism has an assembly defect and a surface processing defect; and then according to the judged result, the replacement of the corresponding optical flat plate specifically comprises:
identifying and obtaining a main section image of the optical prism from the panoramic image of the optical prism, analyzing the main section image, and judging whether an assembly defect exists between optical flat pieces of the optical prism;
identifying and obtaining a light incidence state and a light emergence state corresponding to the side surface of the optical prism from the panoramic image of the optical prism, and judging whether the side surface of the optical prism has surface processing defects or not according to the light incidence state and the light emergence state;
and determining whether the optical flat plate piece needs to be replaced according to the judgment results of the assembly defects and the surface machining defects.
6. A method for controlling the manufacture of an optical prism based on computer image recognition according to claim 5, wherein:
in step S2, identifying and obtaining a main sectional image of the optical prism from the panoramic image of the optical prism, analyzing the main sectional image, and determining whether an assembly defect exists between the optical flat pieces of the optical prism specifically includes:
establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system for a Y axis with a left lower vertex of the optical prism panoramic image as an origin of coordinates, a lower boundary thereof as the right direction and a left boundary thereof as the upward direction, wherein unit lengths in the X axis and the Y axis respectively correspond to a distance between two adjacent transverse pixel points and a distance between two adjacent longitudinal pixel points of the optical prism panoramic image;
judging whether there is an assembly defect between the optical flat members of the optical prism on the side of the optical prism based on each vertex coordinate in the main sectional image using the following formula (1),
Figure FDA0003777461010000031
in the above formula (1), S (i) represents a length value of the ith side image in the main sectional image; [ x (i), y (i)]Coordinates representing an intersecting vertex of an ith side face and an ith-1 side face in the main sectional image, and if i =1, coordinates of the intersecting vertex of the 1 st side face and an nth side face; n represents the number of the side surfaces of the optical prism, namely the optical prism is an n prism; w (i) represents an assembly defect determination value between optical plate members of the optical prism on the ith side of the optical prism;
Figure FDA0003777461010000032
a mode obtained by taking the value of i from 1 to n;
if W (i) =0, it means that there is no assembly defect between the optical flat members of the optical prism on the ith side surface of the optical prism;
if W (i) =1, it indicates that there is an assembly defect between the optical flat members of the optical prism on the i-th side of the optical prism;
in step S2, determining whether a surface processing defect exists on the side surface of the optical prism according to the light incident state and the light exiting state specifically includes:
judging whether the side surface of the optical prism has surface processing defects or not according to the light incidence state and the light emergence state by using the following formula (2),
Figure FDA0003777461010000041
in the above formula (2), P (i) represents a surface processing defect determination value of the ith side surface of the optical prism; [ X ] in (i),Y in (i)]Representing the incident light direction vector corresponding to the incident light from the ith side of the optical prism; [ X ] out (i′),Y out (i′)]The vector of the emergent light direction corresponding to the incident light from the ith side surface of the optical prism is shown; [ X ] out (i),Y out (i)]An output light direction vector representing the light ray when the light ray is emitted from the ith side surface of the optical prism; [ X ] in (i″),Y in (i″)]Representing the corresponding incident light direction vector when the light ray exits from the ith side surface of the optical prism; theta 0 Representing a corresponding deflection angle of an incident direction and an emergent direction after a preset light ray is incident to the n optical prism; Λ represents a logical relationship and; the V-shaped represents a logical relationship or;
if P (i) =0, it means that there is no surface processing defect on the ith side face of the optical prism;
if P (i) =1, the surface machining defect exists in the ith side face of the optical prism;
in step S2, determining whether the corresponding optical flat piece needs to be replaced according to the judgment results of the assembly defect and the surface processing defect specifically includes:
determining whether a corresponding optical flat plate member needs to be replaced according to the judgment results of the assembly defect and the surface processing defect by using the following formula (3),
Figure FDA0003777461010000042
in the above formula (3), K represents a replacement determination value of the optical flat member of the optical prism; when K =0, it means that the optical plate member of the optical prism does not need to be replaced; when K =1, it indicates that the optical plate of the optical prism needs to be replaced, and all the optical plate members whose side surfaces satisfy [ W (i) + P (i) ] ≠ 0 in the optical prism are replaced.
7. A method for controlling the manufacture of an optical prism based on computer image recognition according to claim 1, wherein:
in step S3, after the optical plate member is replaced, the adhering and fixing all the optical plate members of the optical prism specifically includes:
after the optical flat pieces are replaced, all the adjacent optical flat pieces in the optical prism are aligned along the corresponding connecting boundary lines, and then the adhesive is applied to the connecting boundary lines, so that the adjacent optical flat pieces are adhered and fixed.
8. A method for controlling the manufacture of an optical prism based on computer image recognition according to claim 7, wherein:
in step S3, installing the optical prism in an optical device for optical path alignment adjustment specifically includes:
after the optical prism is installed in the optical equipment, the posture orientation of the optical prism inside the optical equipment is adjusted, so that the main optical axis of the optical prism is coincident with the optical axis of the optical equipment.
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0743508A (en) * 1993-07-27 1995-02-14 Sano Fuji Koki Kk Production of prism assembly
JPH10170401A (en) * 1996-12-06 1998-06-26 Asahi Optical Co Ltd Device for inspection optical member and method for inspecting optical member
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CN111505745A (en) * 2020-03-18 2020-08-07 江苏普世祥光电技术有限公司 Method for manufacturing optical prism by using glass material
CN113289911A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-08-24 宁波舜宇仪器有限公司 Defect detection method and system for polyhedral material

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0743508A (en) * 1993-07-27 1995-02-14 Sano Fuji Koki Kk Production of prism assembly
JPH10170401A (en) * 1996-12-06 1998-06-26 Asahi Optical Co Ltd Device for inspection optical member and method for inspecting optical member
CN1769854A (en) * 2004-11-02 2006-05-10 夏普株式会社 Defects detection method and apparatus for optical components
CN1908638A (en) * 2006-08-24 2007-02-07 上海交通大学 Optical detecting instrument of defects in glass
CN202678288U (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-01-16 浙江工业大学 Surface defect detecting device of crystalline silicon polished wafer
CN111505745A (en) * 2020-03-18 2020-08-07 江苏普世祥光电技术有限公司 Method for manufacturing optical prism by using glass material
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