CN115219920A - A lithium battery thermal runaway trigger and rapid interruption measurement device and method - Google Patents

A lithium battery thermal runaway trigger and rapid interruption measurement device and method Download PDF

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CN115219920A
CN115219920A CN202210954806.9A CN202210954806A CN115219920A CN 115219920 A CN115219920 A CN 115219920A CN 202210954806 A CN202210954806 A CN 202210954806A CN 115219920 A CN115219920 A CN 115219920A
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lithium battery
thermal runaway
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韩广帅
郭阳阳
余卓平
叶际平
谢先宇
严瑾
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Shanghai Intelligent New Energy Vehicle Technology Innovation Platform Co ltd
Shanghai Motor Vehicle Inspection Certification and Tech Innovation Center Co Ltd
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Shanghai Motor Vehicle Inspection Certification and Tech Innovation Center Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
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    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种锂电池热失控触发和快速中断测量装置及方法，所述测量装置为密闭装置，包括：常闭盖，其上设有第一压力传感器以及进排气电磁阀；用于放置待测锂电池的金属主箱体，内部套设有金属内胆，所述金属内胆外覆设有电加热管和温度传感器，所述金属内胆内设置有用于快速中断待测锂电池热失控进程的冷却装置；进样盖，其上设有第二压力传感器；设置在金属主箱体上的针刺组件，用于触发待测锂电池热失控以及对触发热失控的待测锂电池进行穿刺放气。与现有技术相比，本发明实现了全尺寸锂电池的热失控的多种形式触发及快速中断，以便进行热失控各阶段材料状态采集及产气状态测试。

Figure 202210954806

The invention relates to a lithium battery thermal runaway triggering and rapid interruption measuring device and method. The measuring device is a closed device, comprising: a normally closed cover, on which a first pressure sensor and an intake and exhaust solenoid valve are arranged; The metal main box of the lithium battery to be tested is covered with a metal inner tank, and the metal inner tank is covered with an electric heating tube and a temperature sensor. A cooling device for the runaway process; a sample injection cover, on which a second pressure sensor is arranged; a needle-punching component arranged on the metal main box body, used to trigger the thermal runaway of the lithium battery to be tested and the lithium battery to be tested that triggers thermal runaway Perform puncture deflation. Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes various forms of triggering and rapid interruption of the thermal runaway of the full-size lithium battery, so as to perform material state acquisition and gas production state testing at various stages of thermal runaway.

Figure 202210954806

Description

一种锂电池热失控触发和快速中断测量装置及方法A lithium battery thermal runaway trigger and rapid interruption measurement device and method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及锂电池检测技术领域，尤其是涉及一种锂电池热失控触发和快速中断测量装置及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery detection, in particular to a lithium battery thermal runaway trigger and rapid interruption measurement device and method.

背景技术Background technique

近年来，锂离子动力电池产业跨越式发展，产业规模世界领先，成为引领汽车电动化的核心推动力。但频繁的火灾事故，影响了用户对新能源汽车安全性和耐久性的信心。In recent years, the lithium-ion power battery industry has developed by leaps and bounds, leading the world in terms of industrial scale, and has become the core driving force leading the electrification of vehicles. However, frequent fire accidents have affected users' confidence in the safety and durability of new energy vehicles.

锂离子电池在热失控的过程中发生了隔膜收缩、电解液分解、正负极分解等一系列化学反应，同时产生大量热量和可燃气体。电芯在模组中发生热失控后产生的高温高压会对电池包造成危害，评估锂电池在热失控不同阶段的材料变化、产气规律、气体组成，对锂电池研究有重要意义。In the process of thermal runaway, a series of chemical reactions such as diaphragm shrinkage, electrolyte decomposition, and positive and negative electrode decomposition occur in lithium-ion batteries, and a large amount of heat and combustible gas are generated at the same time. The high temperature and high pressure generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell in the module will cause harm to the battery pack. It is of great significance to evaluate the material change, gas production law, and gas composition of lithium batteries in different stages of thermal runaway.

目前使用的实验方法，对于电池热失控过程是通过密闭容器压力、温度和电压检测，对电池热失控过程进行分析。这种方法忽略了电池热失控过程中各阶段材料变化和产气情况，无法对电池不同热失控发展阶段的材料和气体进行测试分析，这种方法无法真实反应电池热失控各阶段状态。随着电池单体尺寸的增加，部分设备已无法满足尺寸需求和产气测试需求。The experimental method currently used, for the thermal runaway process of the battery, is to analyze the thermal runaway process of the battery by detecting the pressure, temperature and voltage of the closed container. This method ignores the material changes and gas production at each stage during the thermal runaway process of the battery, and cannot test and analyze the materials and gases in different thermal runaway development stages of the battery. With the increase in the size of battery cells, some equipment can no longer meet the size requirements and gas production test requirements.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供了一种锂电池热失控触发和快速中断测量装置及方法，实现了全尺寸锂电池的热失控的多种形式触发及快速中断，获得热失控各阶段材料状态及产气状态的测试。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lithium battery thermal runaway triggering and rapid interruption measuring device and method in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, so as to realize various forms of triggering and rapid interruption of the thermal runaway of the full-size lithium battery, Obtain the test of material state and gas production state at various stages of thermal runaway.

本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：The object of the present invention can be realized through the following technical solutions:

根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种锂电池热失控触发和快速中断测量装置，所述测量装置为密闭装置，包括：According to a first aspect of the present invention, a lithium battery thermal runaway triggering and rapid interruption measurement device is provided, the measurement device is a closed device, and includes:

常闭盖，其上设有第一压力传感器以及进排气电磁阀；The normally closed cover is provided with a first pressure sensor and an intake and exhaust solenoid valve;

用于放置待测锂电池的金属主箱体，内部套设有金属内胆，所述金属内胆外覆设有电加热管和温度传感器，所述金属内胆内设置有用于快速中断待测锂电池热失控进程的冷却装置；A metal main box for placing the lithium battery to be tested, with a metal inner liner sleeved inside, the metal inner liner is covered with an electric heating tube and a temperature sensor, and the metal inner liner is provided with a device for quickly interrupting the test to be tested. Cooling device for thermal runaway process of lithium battery;

进样盖，其上设有第二压力传感器以及多个备用接口；a sample injection cover, which is provided with a second pressure sensor and a plurality of spare interfaces;

设置在金属主箱体上的针刺组件，用于触发待测锂电池热失控以及对触发热失控的待测锂电池进行穿刺放气。The acupuncture component arranged on the metal main box is used to trigger the thermal runaway of the lithium battery to be tested and to puncture and deflate the lithium battery to be tested that triggers the thermal runaway.

优选地，所述冷却装置包括可拆卸式液冷却盘管和真空液氮管；Preferably, the cooling device includes a detachable liquid cooling coil and a vacuum liquid nitrogen tube;

所述可拆卸式液冷却盘管与所述进样盖上设有的冷却液进出口连接；所述真空液氮管接入所述进样盖上设有的低温液氮球阀。The detachable liquid cooling coil is connected to the cooling liquid inlet and outlet provided on the sample injection cover; the vacuum liquid nitrogen pipe is connected to the cryogenic liquid nitrogen ball valve provided on the sample injection cover.

优选地，所述电加热管与金属内胆间填充有防火保温层。Preferably, a fireproof and thermal insulation layer is filled between the electric heating tube and the metal liner.

优选地，所述常闭盖上还设有安全阀、照明装置、监控装置以及第一温度高压组件；Preferably, the normally closed cover is further provided with a safety valve, a lighting device, a monitoring device and a first temperature and high pressure component;

所述进样盖上还设有与第一温度高压组件型号相同的第二温度高压组件。The sample injection cover is also provided with a second temperature and high pressure component of the same model as the first temperature and high pressure component.

所述测量装置为平放圆柱型结构。The measuring device is a flat cylindrical structure.

优选地，所述金属内胆内可根据测试条件填充不同的惰性气体。Preferably, the metal liner can be filled with different inert gases according to test conditions.

优选地，所述针刺组件包括伺服电机与采用伺服电机以控制刺入深度的钢针。Preferably, the acupuncture assembly includes a servo motor and a steel needle using the servo motor to control the penetration depth.

根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种锂电池热失控触发及快速中断方法，采用任一项所述的测量装置，所述方法为：According to the second aspect of the present invention, a method for triggering and rapidly interrupting thermal runaway of a lithium battery is provided, using any one of the measurement devices, and the method is:

1)将待测锂电池放入测量装置中；1) Put the lithium battery to be measured into the measuring device;

2)通过内置的电加热管加热腔体，触发热失控，待锂电池发生热失控或达到预设程序要求后停止加热；或者采用针刺组件对待测锂电池进行穿刺，触发热失控，待电池发生热失控或达到预设程序要求后停止穿刺；2) Heat the cavity through the built-in electric heating tube to trigger thermal runaway, and stop heating when the lithium battery has thermal runaway or reaches the preset program requirements; or use acupuncture components to puncture the lithium battery to be tested to trigger thermal runaway, wait for the battery Stop puncturing when thermal runaway occurs or when preset program requirements are met;

3)在锂电池热失控进程达到预设状态后，通过冷却装置，对热失控的待测锂电池进行冷却；待热失控被中断且待测锂电池进入稳定状态；3) After the thermal runaway process of the lithium battery reaches the preset state, the thermal runaway lithium battery to be tested is cooled by the cooling device; the thermal runaway is interrupted and the lithium battery to be tested enters a stable state;

4)采集温度数据、电压数据、压力数据以及腔体内的气体数据，对待测锂电池状态进行监控。4) Collect temperature data, voltage data, pressure data and gas data in the cavity, and monitor the state of the lithium battery to be measured.

根据本发明的第三方面，提供了一种锂电池热失控触发及快速中断方法，采用所述的测量装置，所述方法为：According to a third aspect of the present invention, a method for triggering and rapidly interrupting thermal runaway of a lithium battery is provided, using the measuring device, and the method is:

1)将待测锂电池放入所述测量装置中；1) Put the lithium battery to be measured into the measuring device;

2)使用备用接口引出待测锂电池正负极，通过外置充电设备进行充电，通过预设过充程序，触发热失控；待电池发生热失控或达到预设程序要求后停止充电；2) Use the spare interface to lead out the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery to be tested, charge it through an external charging device, and trigger thermal runaway through the preset overcharge program; stop charging when the battery has thermal runaway or meets the preset program requirements;

3)在锂电池热失控进程达到预设状态后，通过冷却装置，对热失控的待测锂电池进行冷却；待热失控被中断且待测锂电池进入稳定状态；3) After the thermal runaway process of the lithium battery reaches the preset state, the thermal runaway lithium battery to be tested is cooled by the cooling device; the thermal runaway is interrupted and the lithium battery to be tested enters a stable state;

4)采集温度数据、电压数据、压力数据以及腔体内的气体数据，对待测锂电池状态进行监控。4) Collect temperature data, voltage data, pressure data and gas data in the cavity, and monitor the state of the lithium battery to be measured.

根据本发明的第四方面，提供了一种锂电池热失控气体采集与测试方法，所述方法为：According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a method for collecting and testing thermal runaway gas of a lithium battery is provided, the method being:

1)按照任一种所述的方法对待测锂电池触发热失控和中断热失控；1) Trigger thermal runaway and interrupt thermal runaway of the lithium battery to be tested according to any one of the methods;

2)通过针刺组件中对待测锂电池的防爆阀口进行穿刺，将热失控过程中待测锂电池产生的气体释放在金属主箱体内的惰性气体环境中；2) Puncture the explosion-proof valve port of the lithium battery to be tested in the acupuncture assembly, and release the gas generated by the lithium battery to be tested during the thermal runaway process in the inert gas environment in the metal main box;

3)通过进排气电磁阀采集腔体内的气体，使用分析设备进行气体测试。3) Collect the gas in the cavity through the intake and exhaust solenoid valve, and use the analysis equipment to test the gas.

与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1)本发明实现锂电池热失控的多种形式触发及快速中断，便于热失控各阶段材料状态获取及产气状态测试；1) The present invention realizes various forms of triggering and rapid interruption of thermal runaway of lithium batteries, which is convenient for material state acquisition and gas production state testing at various stages of thermal runaway;

2)测量装置为密封装置，可将装置内置换成惰性气体排除了热失控过程中空气对产气成分测量不准的影响，使产气测量结果更加准确；2) The measuring device is a sealed device, which can be replaced with inert gas in the device to eliminate the influence of air on the inaccurate measurement of gas components during thermal runaway, so that the measurement results of gas production are more accurate;

3)测量装置为平放圆柱型结构，在保证压力准确灵敏的情况下可满足目前大多数从电池测试需求。3) The measuring device is a flat cylindrical structure, which can meet most of the current battery testing requirements under the condition of ensuring accurate and sensitive pressure.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的测量装置结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring device of the present invention;

图2为常闭盖的详细结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a detailed structural schematic diagram of a normally closed cover;

图3为进样盖的详细结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the detailed structure schematic diagram of the injection cover;

图4为金属主箱体截面示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a metal main box;

附图标记：1-常闭盖，11-安全阀，12-照明装置，13-监控装置，14-第一压力传感器，15-进排气电磁阀，16-第一温度高压组件；2-金属主箱体，21-防火保温层，22-电加热管，23-温度传感器，24-金属内胆，25-可拆卸式液冷却盘管，26-真空液氮管；3-进样盖，31-低温液氮球阀，32-冷却液进出口，33-第二压力传感器，34-第二温度高压组件，35-备用接口。Reference numerals: 1-normally closed cover, 11-safety valve, 12-lighting device, 13-monitoring device, 14-first pressure sensor, 15-inlet and exhaust solenoid valve, 16-first temperature high pressure component; 2- Metal main box, 21-fireproof insulation layer, 22-electric heating tube, 23-temperature sensor, 24-metal liner, 25-removable liquid cooling coil, 26-vacuum liquid nitrogen tube; 3-injection cover , 31-low temperature liquid nitrogen ball valve, 32-coolant inlet and outlet, 33-second pressure sensor, 34-second temperature high pressure components, 35-spare interface.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例Example

本发明提供了一种锂电池热失控触发和快速中断测量装置及方法，以解决现有测量技术无法对电池不同热失控发展阶段的材料和气体进行测试分析的问题。The invention provides a lithium battery thermal runaway trigger and rapid interruption measurement device and method to solve the problem that the existing measurement technology cannot test and analyze the materials and gases in different thermal runaway development stages of the battery.

首先，给出本发明的装置实施例，一种锂电池热失控触发和快速中断测量装置，所述测量装置为密闭装置，包括：First, a device embodiment of the present invention is given, a lithium battery thermal runaway trigger and rapid interruption measurement device, the measurement device is a closed device, including:

常闭盖1，其上设有安全阀11、照明装置12、监控装置13、第一压力传感器14、进排气电磁阀15以及第一温度高压组件16；The normally closed cover 1 is provided with a safety valve 11, a lighting device 12, a monitoring device 13, a first pressure sensor 14, an intake and exhaust solenoid valve 15 and a first temperature and high pressure component 16;

用于放置待测锂电池的金属主箱体2，内部套设有金属内胆24，所述金属内胆24外覆设有电加热管22和温度传感器23，所述电加热管22与金属内胆24间填充有防火保温层21；所述金属内胆24内设置有用于快速中断待测锂电池热失控进程的冷却装置；所述冷却装置包括可拆卸式液冷却盘管25和真空液氮管26；所述可拆卸式液冷却盘管25与所述进样盖3上设有的冷却液进出口32连接；所述真空液氮管26接入所述进样盖3上设有的低温液氮球阀31；所述金属内胆24内填充有惰性气体；The metal main box 2 for placing the lithium battery to be tested is provided with a metal inner liner 24, and the metal inner liner 24 is covered with an electric heating tube 22 and a temperature sensor 23. The electric heating tube 22 is connected to the metal liner 24. The inner tank 24 is filled with a fireproof and thermal insulation layer 21; the metal inner tank 24 is provided with a cooling device for quickly interrupting the thermal runaway process of the lithium battery to be tested; the cooling device includes a detachable liquid cooling coil 25 and a vacuum liquid Nitrogen tube 26; the detachable liquid cooling coil 25 is connected to the cooling liquid inlet and outlet 32 provided on the sample injection cover 3; the vacuum liquid nitrogen tube 26 is connected to the sample injection cover 3 with a The low temperature liquid nitrogen ball valve 31; the metal liner 24 is filled with inert gas;

进样盖3，其上设有低温液氮球阀31、冷却液进出口32、第二压力传感器33、第二温度高压组件34以及多个备用接口35。The sample introduction cover 3 is provided with a cryogenic liquid nitrogen ball valve 31 , a cooling liquid inlet and outlet 32 , a second pressure sensor 33 , a second temperature and high pressure component 34 and a plurality of spare interfaces 35 .

设置在金属主箱体2上的针刺组件4，包括伺服电机与采用伺服电机以控制刺入深度的钢针，用于触发待测锂电池热失控以及对触发热失控的待测锂电池进行穿刺放气。The acupuncture assembly 4 arranged on the metal main box 2 includes a servo motor and a steel needle that uses a servo motor to control the penetration depth, and is used to trigger the thermal runaway of the lithium battery to be tested and to perform the thermal runaway of the lithium battery to be tested. Puncture deflation.

此外，本实施例中的测量装置为平放圆柱型结构，直径为500mm，长度为1500mm，可适应于全尺寸的锂电池测试。In addition, the measuring device in this embodiment is a flat cylindrical structure with a diameter of 500 mm and a length of 1500 mm, which can be adapted to the test of a full-size lithium battery.

接下来，给出本发明的方法实施例，一种锂电池热失控触发及快速中断方法，采用任一项所述的测量装置，所述方法为：Next, a method embodiment of the present invention is given, a lithium battery thermal runaway triggering and rapid interruption method, using any one of the measurement devices, the method is:

1)将待测锂电池放入测量装置中；1) Put the lithium battery to be measured into the measuring device;

2)通过内置的电加热管22加热腔体，触发热失控，待锂电池发生热失控或达到预设程序要求后停止加热；或者采用针刺组件4对待测锂电池进行穿刺，触发热失控，待电池发生热失控或达到预设程序要求后停止穿刺；2) Heat the cavity through the built-in electric heating tube 22 to trigger thermal runaway, and stop heating after the lithium battery has thermal runaway or reaches the preset program requirements; or use the acupuncture component 4 to puncture the lithium battery to be tested to trigger thermal runaway, Stop puncturing when the battery thermal runaway occurs or the preset program requirements are met;

3)在锂电池热失控进程达到预设状态后，通过冷却装置，对热失控的待测锂电池进行冷却，待热失控被中断且待测锂电池进入稳定状态；3) After the thermal runaway process of the lithium battery reaches the preset state, the thermal runaway lithium battery to be tested is cooled by the cooling device, until the thermal runaway is interrupted and the lithium battery to be tested enters a stable state;

4)采集温度数据、电压数据、压力数据以及腔体内的气体数据，对待测锂电池状态进行监控。4) Collect temperature data, voltage data, pressure data and gas data in the cavity, and monitor the state of the lithium battery to be measured.

接下来，给出本发明的另一种方法实施例，一种锂电池热失控触发及快速中断方法，采用所述的测量装置，所述方法为：Next, another method embodiment of the present invention is given, a lithium battery thermal runaway triggering and rapid interruption method, using the measuring device, and the method is:

1)将待测锂电池放入所述测量装置中；1) Put the lithium battery to be measured into the measuring device;

2)使用备用接口35引出待测锂电池正负极，通过外置充电设备进行充电，通过预设过充程序，触发热失控；待电池发生热失控或达到预设程序要求后停止充电；2) Use the spare interface 35 to lead out the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery to be tested, charge it through an external charging device, and trigger thermal runaway through a preset overcharge program; stop charging when the battery has thermal runaway or meets the preset program requirements;

3)在锂电池热失控进程达到预设状态后，通过冷却装置，对热失控的待测锂电池进行冷却；待热失控被中断且待测锂电池进入稳定状态；3) After the thermal runaway process of the lithium battery reaches the preset state, the thermal runaway lithium battery to be tested is cooled by the cooling device; the thermal runaway is interrupted and the lithium battery to be tested enters a stable state;

4)采集温度数据、电压数据、压力数据以及腔体内的气体数据，对待测锂电池状态进行监控。4) Collect temperature data, voltage data, pressure data and gas data in the cavity, and monitor the state of the lithium battery to be measured.

接下来，给出了一种锂电池热失控气体采集与测试方法，所述方法为：Next, a method for collecting and testing lithium battery thermal runaway gas is given, and the method is as follows:

1)按照上述任一种方法对待测锂电池触发热失控和中断热失控；1) Trigger thermal runaway and interrupt thermal runaway of the lithium battery to be tested according to any of the above methods;

2)通过针刺组件4中对待测锂电池的防爆阀口进行穿刺，将热失控过程中待测锂电池产生的气体释放在金属主箱体2内的惰性气体环境中；2) Puncture the explosion-proof valve port of the lithium battery to be tested in the acupuncture assembly 4, and release the gas generated by the lithium battery to be tested during the thermal runaway process in the inert gas environment in the metal main box 2;

3)通过进排气电磁阀15采集腔体内的气体，使用分析设备进行气体测试。3) The gas in the cavity is collected through the intake and exhaust solenoid valve 15, and the gas test is carried out with the analysis equipment.

以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalents within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention. Modifications or substitutions should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a lithium cell thermal runaway triggers and quick interruption measuring device which characterized in that, measuring device is closing device, includes:
the normally closed cover (1) is provided with a first pressure sensor (14) and an air inlet and outlet electromagnetic valve (15);
the device comprises a metal main box body (2) for placing the lithium battery to be tested, a metal inner container (24) is sleeved in the metal main box body, an electric heating pipe (22) and a temperature sensor (23) are arranged outside the metal inner container (24), and a cooling device for rapidly interrupting a thermal runaway process of the lithium battery to be tested is arranged in the metal inner container (24);
the sample injection cover (3) is provided with a second pressure sensor (33) and a plurality of spare interfaces (35);
and the needling component (4) is arranged on the metal main box body (2) and is used for triggering thermal runaway of the lithium battery to be tested and performing puncture and deflation on the lithium battery to be tested, which is triggered to be thermally runaway.
2. The lithium battery thermal runaway trigger and quick interruption measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device comprises a removable liquid cooling coil (25) and a vacuum liquid nitrogen tube (26);
the detachable liquid cooling coil (25) is connected with a cooling liquid inlet and outlet (32) arranged on the sample injection cover (3); the vacuum liquid nitrogen pipe (26) is connected to a low-temperature liquid nitrogen ball valve (31) arranged on the sample injection cover (3).
3. The lithium battery thermal runaway triggering and quick interruption measuring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a fireproof insulating layer (21) is filled between the electric heating tube (22) and the metal inner container (24).
4. The lithium battery thermal runaway triggering and quick interruption measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the normally closed cover (1) is further provided with a safety valve (11), a lighting device (12), a monitoring device (13) and a first temperature and high voltage assembly (16);
and a second temperature and high pressure component (34) with the same type as the first temperature and high pressure component (16) is also arranged on the sample injection cover (3).
5. The lithium battery thermal runaway trigger and quick disconnect measurement device of claim 1, wherein the measurement device is a lay-flat cylindrical configuration.
6. The lithium battery thermal runaway triggering and quick interruption measuring device of claim 1, wherein different inert gases can be filled in the metal inner container (24) according to test conditions.
7. The lithium battery thermal runaway trigger and quick interrupt measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the needling assembly (4) comprises a servo motor and a steel needle employing a servo motor to control the penetration depth.
8. A lithium battery thermal runaway triggering and quick interruption method, characterized in that a measuring device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, the method is:
1) Putting a lithium battery to be measured into a measuring device;
2) Heating the cavity through a built-in electric heating pipe (22), triggering thermal runaway, and stopping heating when the lithium battery is thermally runaway or meets the requirements of a preset program; or the lithium battery to be tested is punctured by the puncturing assembly (4), thermal runaway is triggered, and puncturing is stopped when the thermal runaway of the battery occurs or the preset program requirement is met;
3) After the thermal runaway process of the lithium battery reaches a preset state, cooling the lithium battery to be tested with thermal runaway through a cooling device; when the thermal runaway is interrupted and the lithium battery to be tested enters a stable state;
4) And collecting temperature data, voltage data, pressure data and gas data in the cavity, and monitoring the state of the lithium battery to be tested.
9. A lithium battery thermal runaway triggering and quick interruption method, characterized in that a measuring device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, the method is:
1) Putting a lithium battery to be measured into the measuring device;
2) Leading out the anode and the cathode of the lithium battery to be tested by using a standby interface (35), charging by using external charging equipment, and triggering thermal runaway by using a preset overcharge program; stopping charging after the battery is out of control thermally or meets the requirements of a preset program;
3) After the thermal runaway process of the lithium battery reaches a preset state, cooling the lithium battery to be tested with thermal runaway through a cooling device; when the thermal runaway is interrupted and the lithium battery to be tested enters a stable state;
4) And collecting temperature data, voltage data, pressure data and gas data in the cavity, and monitoring the state of the lithium battery to be tested.
10. A lithium battery thermal runaway gas collection and test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Triggering thermal runaway and interrupting thermal runaway for a lithium battery to be tested according to any one of the methods of claim 8 or claim 9;
2) The explosion-proof valve port of the lithium battery to be tested is punctured through the needling component (4), and gas generated by the lithium battery to be tested in the thermal runaway process is released in an inert gas environment in the metal main box body (2);
3) And gas in the cavity is collected through the gas inlet and outlet electromagnetic valve (15), and gas testing is carried out by using analysis equipment.
CN202210954806.9A 2022-08-10 2022-08-10 A lithium battery thermal runaway trigger and rapid interruption measurement device and method Pending CN115219920A (en)

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