CN115219100A - Total pressure measuring structure of combustion heater - Google Patents
Total pressure measuring structure of combustion heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115219100A CN115219100A CN202211147496.6A CN202211147496A CN115219100A CN 115219100 A CN115219100 A CN 115219100A CN 202211147496 A CN202211147496 A CN 202211147496A CN 115219100 A CN115219100 A CN 115219100A
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- Prior art keywords
- total pressure
- heater
- shell
- flange
- pressure measuring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
- G01L19/06—Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
- G01L19/0672—Leakage or rupture protection or detection
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of air heaters, and discloses a total pressure measuring structure of a combustion heater, which comprises a heater, a measuring device and a spray pipe section, wherein the heater, the measuring device and the spray pipe section are mutually connected in a sealing manner, the heater comprises a shell, an airflow inlet connected with the shell, an outlet flange connected with the outer wall of the shell, and a heating cavity arranged in the shell, the spray pipe section comprises a connecting flange connected with the outlet flange in a sealing manner and an airflow outlet connected with the connecting flange, the measuring device comprises an air introducing cavity and a manometer communicated with the air introducing cavity, the air introducing cavity is arranged at one end, close to the connecting flange, of the outlet flange, and the air introducing cavity extends into the heating cavity from the outlet flange. The invention solves the problems of the prior art that the structure of the heater is damaged, the matching relation of the inner shell and the outer shell is changed, water leakage is easy to occur in the using process, the precision of total pressure measurement is influenced, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air heaters, in particular to a total pressure measuring structure of a combustion heater.
Background
The high-temperature heater is a device adopting a combustion reaction of fuel and oxidant, the device generates high-temperature airflow through mixed combustion of the fuel and the oxidant, and the airflow flows out through a spray pipe and is used for carrying out experimental research. The parameters such as the airflow speed, the flow, the total temperature and the total pressure at the outlet of the heater are adjusted by changing the working parameters such as the flow of the fuel and the oxidant, the size of the throat of the spray pipe and the like. In the last two decades, with the development and deepening of the research of hypersonic aircrafts, the hypersonic aircrafts are widely applied to the aerospace field at home and abroad as air heaters of ground test equipment. The air heater is a device for heating air to achieve a test state to be simulated, and can be divided into four types of arc heating, heat storage type heating, combustion heating and shock tube heating according to different heating modes. The combustion heater is a high-temperature heater which utilizes fuel and oxidant to combust in a heater combustion chamber to heat air and generates high-temperature airflow with certain total temperature, total pressure and flow rate requirements at the outlet of the device. The existing combustion heating air heater is a test device with the widest application range in ground test research of the hypersonic aircraft.
In testing, it is often desirable to measure one or more of the gas flow parameters (e.g., pressure, velocity, temperature, flow direction, etc.). The currently used method for measuring wall static pressure is to make a small hole on the wall of the airflow pipeline or the surface of the model along the normal direction to sense the local static pressure. The method for measuring the local static pressure by forming the small hole on the surface of the object along the normal line has the advantages of small disturbance to airflow, high measurement accuracy, simplicity and convenience, and wide application in aerodynamic tests. However, after the pressure taps are made on the wall, the flow lines are slightly bent into the holes, which causes a centrifugal force. In addition, the leading edge of the holes can cause flow separation and the trailing edge can cause flow stagnation. These factors all deviate the pressure sensed in the bore from the true value of the measured static pressure. The magnitude of the error depends primarily on the geometry of the hole and also on the boundary layer properties in the vicinity of the hole.
The total pressure of the gas stream refers to the pressure at which the velocity of the gas stream isentropically stagnates to zero. Is one of the most important parameters in the design and testing of the subject fields related to aerodynamics, such as aircraft and aeroengines. In aerodynamic testing, when the total pressure is measured at a point in the flow field, a total pressure tube can be placed at the point. The simplest total pressure tube is a round tube that opens against the direction of the gas flow, as shown in fig. 1. The opening end surface of the tube is vertical to the airflow direction, and the other end of the tube is communicated with a total pressure meter by a conduit. The gas flow entering the opening end can not flow any more and is blocked, so that the total pressure pipe can sense the local total pressure at the opening of the pipe end.
In a ground test, the total pressure of high-temperature air flow of a heater is usually required to be measured and fed back to a control system by a data acquisition system, and then required test pressure is obtained by adjusting parameters such as fuel, oxidant flow, nozzle throat size and the like. The general pressure measuring method of the conventional high-temperature heater is shown in fig. 2, and comprises an inlet flange 2, an inner shell, a cooling water tank 4, an outer shell, a pressure measuring pipe 20, an outlet flange 8 and the like, wherein the pressure measuring pipe is installed after a small hole is formed in the wall surface of the heater along the normal direction. The method has high measurement accuracy, is simple and convenient, and has been widely applied to various total pressure measurement occasions.
However, the total pressure measuring structure also has some serious problems, a small hole is formed on the surface of the high-temperature heater along the normal direction, firstly, the structure of the heater can be damaged, and the strength of the heater is influenced; secondly, the matching relationship between the inner shell and the outer shell can be changed; thirdly, the sealing problem of the matching part of the pressure measuring pipe and the inner shell as well as the outer shell is difficult to solve, and the problem of water leakage is easy to occur in the using process. In addition, cooling water also affects the accuracy of the total pressure measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a total pressure measuring structure of a combustion heater, which solves the problems that the structure of the heater is damaged, the matching relation of an inner shell and an outer shell is changed, water leakage is easy to occur in the using process, the precision of total pressure measurement is influenced and the like in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a combustion heater total pressure measurement structure, includes mutual sealing connection's heater, measuring device, spouts the pipeline section, the heater include the shell, with the air current entry that the shell is connected, connect in the export flange of shell outer wall, locate heating chamber in the shell, spout the pipeline section include with export flange sealing connection's flange, with flange connection's air outlet, measuring device include bleed chamber, with the manometer of bleed chamber intercommunication, the bleed chamber is located the export flange is close to flange one end, the bleed chamber is followed the export flange extends to in the heating chamber.
As a preferred technical solution, the pressure gauge is arranged obliquely to the bleed air chamber.
As a preferable technical scheme, the inclination angle range of the pressure gauge and the air guide cavity is [10 degrees, 80 degrees ].
As a preferred technical solution, the device further comprises an inlet flange connected to the outer wall of the housing.
As a preferred technical scheme, the novel electric heating furnace further comprises an inner shell, and the outer shell is sleeved outside the inner shell.
As a preferable technical solution, the cooling device further comprises a cooling water tank arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell.
As a preferred technical scheme, the airflow outlet is in a conical structure.
As a preferable technical solution, the shape of the longitudinal section of the air guide cavity is circular ring.
As a preferable technical scheme, the difference between the outer circle radius and the inner circle radius of the longitudinal section of the air inducing cavity is 30mm to 80mm.
As a preferable technical scheme, the thickness range of the air guide cavity is 1mm to 5mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the design mode of introducing pressure measurement from the connection position of the outlet flange of the heater is adopted, the cooling structure of the heater cannot be damaged, the integral strength and the sealing performance of the heater are facilitated, the influence of cooling liquid on total pressure measurement is avoided, and accurate pressure measurement data is obtained; meanwhile, the design mode is suitable for pressure measurement of various flange connection pipelines, the replacement of the pressure measuring meter device is convenient, the use and the operation are convenient, the stability is high, the reliability is strong, and the engineering application in a high-temperature heater is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a total pressure tube;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art total pressure measurement configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph of the pressure measured in a test using the present invention.
Reference numbers in the drawings and corresponding part names: 1. the device comprises an airflow inlet, 2, an inlet flange, 3, an outer shell, 4, a cooling water tank, 5, an inner shell, 6, a heater, 7, a pressure gauge, 8, an outlet flange, 9, a measuring device, 10, a gas-guiding cavity, 11, a connecting flange, 12, a spraying pipe section, 13, an airflow outlet, 14, a heating cavity, 20 and a pressure measuring pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention designs a total pressure measuring structure that does not damage a heater structure and affect the assembly relationship and the sealing performance of the heater by adopting a design mode of introducing pressure measurement from a heater outlet flange joint based on the existing total pressure measuring structure. The structure is suitable for total pressure measurement of all flange connection structures, the total pressure measurement structure is simple to manufacture, convenient to use, operate and maintain and strong in reliability, and engineering application in the combustion heater is facilitated.
The invention discloses a structure for measuring total pressure of a heater, which aims at the problem of measuring total pressure of a high-temperature heater by adopting a design mode of introducing pressure measurement from a flange joint of an outlet of the heater. In the structure, a section of gap is reserved in an annular area between a flange sealing part and the inner wall surface of a pipeline to introduce heater airflow, and an inclined small hole is drilled on a flange to install a total pressure measuring device. The design mode does not influence the water cooling structure of the heater, and is favorable for the overall strength and the sealing performance of the heater. Meanwhile, the design mode is suitable for pressure measurement of various flange connecting pipelines, and the use, the operation and the maintenance are convenient.
The invention provides a total pressure measuring device for a high-temperature heater, which comprises a heater 6, a measuring device 9 and a spray pipe section 12. The schematic structure of the measuring device is shown in fig. 3. The heater 6 consists of an airflow inlet 1, an inlet flange 2, an outer shell 3, a cooling water tank 4, an inner shell 5 and an outlet flange 8; the measuring device 9 consists of a pressure gauge 7 and an air introducing cavity 10; the nozzle section 12 consists of a connecting flange 11 and an air outlet opening 13.
As a preferable technical solution, the shape of the longitudinal section of the air guide chamber 10 is circular ring.
The air-inducing cavity 10 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the housing 3 is sleeved inside and surrounds the housing 3 for a circle. Such a structure is easy to manufacture.
As a preferable technical scheme, the difference between the outer circle radius and the inner circle radius of the longitudinal section of the air inducing cavity 10 is 30mm to 80mm.
As a preferable technical scheme, the thickness range of the air inducing cavity 10 is 1mm to 5mm.
Due to the design of the sizes, the invention is convenient to be applied to a wider application scene of the heater.
The total pressure measuring device does not damage the structure of the high-temperature heater, a small hole is formed in the outlet flange for mounting the pressure gauge, the strength of the flange cannot be influenced due to the small hole diameter, and the cooling structure and the cooling effect of the heater cannot be damaged; the structure does not involve the assembly of the pressure gauge with the inner shell and the outer shell, so that the sealing performance is good, and the problem of leakage of cooling liquid cannot occur; the combustion chamber air flow is introduced by opening the air introducing cavity in the flange sealing structure, the pressure of the air introducing cavity is consistent with that of the heater, and the measurement accuracy can be ensured
The invention can adapt to all pipe fittings connected by flanges, and the whole total pressure measuring device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient and fast component replacement, convenient operation and adjustment, high stability and strong reliability, and is convenient for engineering application in a high-temperature heater.
The pressure measured by the method is the static pressure of the high-temperature heater, the pressure measured in related tests is mainly used for adjusting parameters of the heater, and the ratio of the dynamic pressure to the total pressure is very low, so that the pressure measured by the method is the total pressure of the heater. Taking the states Ma7 and 28Km as examples, the molar contents of the components of the fuel gas are water (0.1844), carbon dioxide (0.1229), oxygen (0.21) and nitrogen (0.4827).
Molar mass of fuel gas:
density of fuel gas:
area of heater:
flow rate:
gas dynamic pressure:
the proportion of the dynamic pressure to the total pressure can be obtained by the following conditions:
the ratio of the dynamic pressure to the total pressure is about 3%, so that the pressure measured by the method is considered to be the total gas pressure.
Wherein:
The pressure curve measured in a test using the pressure measuring device of the present invention is shown in fig. 4.
The design mode of introducing pressure measurement from the connection position of the outlet flange of the heater is adopted, the cooling structure of the heater cannot be damaged, the integral strength and the sealing performance of the heater are facilitated, the influence of cooling liquid on total pressure measurement is avoided, and accurate pressure measurement data is obtained; meanwhile, the design mode is suitable for pressure measurement of various flange connection pipelines, the pressure measuring device is convenient and fast to replace, the use and the operation are convenient, the stability is high, the reliability is strong, and engineering application in a high-temperature heater is facilitated.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably realized.
All features disclosed in all embodiments in this specification, or all methods or process steps implicitly disclosed, may be combined and/or expanded, or substituted, in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiment within the spirit and principle of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a total pressure measurement structure of combustion heater, characterized in that, including heater (6), measuring device (9), the spout section (12) of mutual sealing connection, heater (6) include shell (3), with air current entry (1) that shell (3) are connected, connect in outlet flange (8) of shell (3) outer wall, locate heating chamber (14) in shell (3), spout section (12) including with outlet flange (8) sealing connection's flange (11), with air current outlet (13) that connecting flange (11) are connected, measuring device (9) include air guide chamber (10), with manometer (7) that air guide chamber (10) communicate, air guide chamber (10) are located outlet flange (8) are close to connecting flange (11) one end, air guide chamber (10) follow outlet flange (8) extend to in heating chamber (14).
2. A total pressure measuring structure of a combustion heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure gauge (7) is disposed obliquely to the air introducing chamber (10).
3. A combustion heater total pressure measuring structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the inclination angle of the pressure gauge (7) to the degassing chamber (10) ranges from [10 °,80 ° ].
4. A combustion heater total pressure measuring structure according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising an inlet flange (2) connected to an outer wall of the housing (3).
5. The total pressure measuring structure of the combustion heater of claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises an inner shell (5), and the outer shell (3) is sleeved outside the inner shell (5).
6. A total pressure measuring structure of a combustion heater according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising a cooling water tank (4) provided between the inner casing (5) and the outer casing (3).
7. A total pressure measuring structure of a combustion heater according to claim 6, characterized in that the gas flow outlet (13) is a cone-shaped structure.
8. A total pressure measuring structure of a combustion heater according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the shape of the longitudinal section of the air inducing chamber (10) is a circular ring.
9. The total pressure measuring structure of the combustion heater according to claim 8, wherein the difference between the outer radius and the inner radius of the longitudinal section of the air-inducing cavity (10) is 30mm to 80mm.
10. The total pressure measuring structure of the combustion heater is characterized in that the thickness of the air guide cavity (10) ranges from 1mm to 5mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211147496.6A CN115219100B (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Total pressure measuring structure of combustion heater |
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| CN202211147496.6A CN115219100B (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Total pressure measuring structure of combustion heater |
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| CN115219100B CN115219100B (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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