CN115217430B

CN115217430B - Well wall finishing tool

Info

Publication number: CN115217430B
Application number: CN202110413247.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐亮; 高玮; 解东品; 李晴; 杨凯; 罗达; 陈沙沙; 杨冠科; 卢立明; 徐志伟; 丁志河; 刘青贺; 赵国英; 张东生; 陈晔
Original assignee: China National Petroleum Corp; CNPC Great Wall Drilling Co
Current assignee: China National Petroleum Corp; CNPC Great Wall Drilling Co
Priority date: 2021-04-16
Filing date: 2021-04-16
Publication date: 2023-10-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-16
Also published as: CN115217430A

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a well wall trimming tool, and belongs to the field of drilling. The well wall finishing tool comprises a central tube, a shell, a ball seat, a lower joint, a cutting blade body and a thrust ring. The central tube extends along a first direction, the shell is sleeved on the central tube, the first end shell is in sealing connection with the central tube, a first annular space is formed between the second end shell and the central tube, the shell is provided with a sliding groove, and the sliding groove is provided with a first sliding side face and a blocking structure. The ball seat is used for controlling the inner cavity of the central tube to be communicated with the inner cavity of the first annular space or the lower joint. The lower joint is fixedly connected with the shell. The cutting blade body is located in the chute, and the cutting blade body is provided with cutting teeth and a second sliding side surface. The thrust ring is used for pushing the cutting blade body to slide along the first sliding side surface and enabling the cutting blade body to move towards the outer side far away from the central tube, and the blocking structure is used for limiting the cutting blade body to be separated from the sliding groove.

Description

Well wall finishing tool

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of drilling, and in particular, to a borehole wall dressing tool.

Background

In the drilling process, the problems of difficult drilling, difficult casing running and the like are caused by the conditions of unstable well wall, stratum extrusion and the like, such as shrinkage of the well bore, irregular well bore and the like, and the drilled well bore needs to be trimmed.

When the drilled hole is trimmed, a well wall trimming tool is installed on the drill rod of the drilling tool. In the related art, a borehole wall dressing tool includes a cylindrical body having cutting teeth on an outer sidewall thereof. The drill rod drives the cylindrical body to rotate, and the cutting teeth trim the well wall.

However, the cylindrical body and the cutting teeth are fixed in size, and the diameter of the borehole which can be trimmed by one borehole wall trimming tool is also fixed, so that the borehole wall trimming requirement of the boreholes with various diameters cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a well wall trimming tool which can be suitable for trimming drilling well bores with different diameters. The technical scheme is as follows:

the present disclosure provides a borehole wall dressing tool, the borehole wall dressing tool comprising: a center tube extending in a first direction, the center tube having opposite first and second ends; the cylindrical shell is sleeved on the central tube, the shell is connected with the central tube in a sealing way at the first end, a first annular space is formed between the shell and the central tube at the second end, the shell is provided with at least one sliding groove penetrating through the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the shell, the sliding groove is positioned between the first end and the second end, and the sliding groove is provided with a first sliding side face and a blocking structure; one end of the cylindrical lower joint is fixedly connected with the shell, and one end of the lower joint, which is fixedly connected with the shell, is sleeved on the second end and is positioned between the second end and the shell; the cylindrical ball seat is sleeved on the second end, is positioned between the second end and the lower joint and is used for controlling the inner cavity of the central tube to be communicated with the first annular space or the inner cavity of the lower joint; the cutting blade body is positioned in the chute, the middle part of the cutting blade body is provided with cutting teeth protruding out of the surface of the cutting blade body, and the cutting blade body is provided with a second sliding side surface which is attached to the first sliding side surface; the thrust ring is slidably positioned in the first annular space, the thrust ring is in sealing connection with the central tube and the shell, the thrust ring is positioned between the ball seat and the cutting cutter body, the thrust ring is used for driving the cutting cutter body to slide along the first sliding side surface when receiving liquid pressure from the central tube, so that the cutting cutter body moves along the radial direction of the central tube towards the outer side far away from the central tube, and the blocking structure is used for limiting the cutting cutter body to be separated from the sliding groove.

In one implementation of the disclosed embodiments, the tee includes: the ball seat body is provided with a third end and a fourth end which are opposite, the outer side wall of the ball seat body is provided with a first annular step towards the fourth end, the inner side wall of the lower joint is provided with a second annular step towards the second end, the step surface of the first annular step faces the step surface of the second annular step, in an initial state, the third end is sleeved on the second end, the third end is positioned in the first annular space, the step surface of the first annular step and the step surface of the second annular step are provided with a gap, and the fourth end is positioned in the inner cavity of the lower joint; the ball is pressed to holding down, the external diameter of ball is greater than the ball seat is in the internal diameter of fourth end, the external diameter of ball is less than hold down the internal diameter of center tube, when the state of use, the ball is pressed down and is located fourth end, the step face of first annular step with the step face laminating of second annular step, the inner chamber of center tube with first annular space intercommunication.

In one implementation of the disclosed embodiments, a first O-ring seal is provided between the third end and the second end.

In one implementation of the disclosed embodiments, the outer sidewall of the center tube has a ring of third annular steps, the steps of the third annular steps face the second end, and the third annular steps are located between the thrust ring and the first end; the borehole wall dressing tool further comprises: the spring sleeve is sleeved on the central tube, the spring sleeve is positioned between the third annular step and the thrust ring, the end face of the spring sleeve, which faces the second end, is attached to the thrust ring, the inner side wall of the spring sleeve is provided with a fourth annular step opposite to the third annular step, the third annular step and the fourth annular step form a second annular space, and in an initial state, the bottom surface of the cutting cutter body is in contact with the outer side wall of the spring sleeve; and the reset spring is sleeved on the central tube, and is positioned in the second annular space, and two ends of the reset spring respectively prop against the third annular step and the fourth annular step.

In one implementation of an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thrust collar includes: an annular thrust piston and an annular tool holder; the inner side wall of the thrust piston is in sealing connection with the outer side wall of the central tube, the outer side wall of the thrust piston is in sealing connection with the inner side wall of the shell, and the cutter holder is positioned between the thrust piston and the cutter body; the inner side wall of the shell is provided with a fifth annular step, the fifth annular step is positioned between the tool apron and the thrust piston, the step of the fifth annular step faces the thrust piston, and the inner diameter of the fifth annular step is smaller than the outer diameter of the thrust piston.

In one implementation of the disclosed embodiments, the thrust collar further includes: the limiting ring is sleeved on the central tube and is positioned between the tool apron and the thrust piston; the first shearing pin is fixedly connected with the side wall of the limiting ring and the side wall of the shell, and is positioned between the fifth annular step and the tool apron.

In one implementation of the disclosed embodiments, the lower joint includes: the lower joint body is sleeved on the ball seat and fixedly connected with the shell; the fixed sleeve is sleeved on the ball seat and is positioned between the ball seat and the lower joint body, the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower joint body, and the second annular step is positioned on the lower joint body; and the second shearing pin is fixedly connected with the side wall of the fixed sleeve and the side wall of the ball seat, and the second annular step is positioned between the second shearing pin and the thrust ring.

In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the disclosure, the cutting blade body includes a first slider, a first connecting post, a blade body, a second connecting post and a second slider that are sequentially connected along the first direction, the first slider is located between the first end and the first connecting post, the second sliding side is a side of the first slider facing the first end, and the cutting tooth is located on the blade body; the sliding groove comprises a first sliding block sliding groove, a first connecting column sliding groove, a cutter body sliding groove, a second connecting column sliding groove and a second sliding block sliding groove which are sequentially communicated along the first direction, the first sliding block sliding groove is positioned between the first end and the first connecting column sliding groove, the first sliding side face is the side wall of the first sliding block sliding groove facing the first end, and the first connecting column sliding groove and the second connecting column sliding groove are of the blocking structure; the bottom surface of the cutting cutter body is parallel to the first direction and faces the central tube, and in the second direction, the height of the cutter body is larger than the height of the first connecting column, the height of the second connecting column, the height of the first sliding block and the height of the second sliding block; in the third direction, the width of the cutter body is larger than the width of the first connecting column chute and the width of the second connecting column chute, the width of the cutter body is smaller than or equal to the width of the cutter body chute, the width of the first sliding block is larger than the width of the first connecting column chute, and the width of the second sliding block is larger than the width of the second connecting column chute; the second direction is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cutting blade body, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the disclosure, the side wall of the second connecting column chute is provided with a limiting block extending along the first direction, so that the width of the second connecting column chute in the third direction is smaller than the width of the cutter body.

In one implementation of the disclosed embodiments, an end of the cutting blade body facing the second end has a third sliding side; the thrust ring is provided with a fourth sliding side surface which is attached to the third sliding side surface, and when the thrust ring pushes the cutting tool body to slide along the first sliding side surface, the third sliding side surface slides along the fourth sliding side surface.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the beneficial effects that at least:

when the borehole wall dressing tool provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is used, the communication between the inner cavity of the central tube and the inner cavity of the lower joint is closed through the ball seat, and meanwhile, the communication between the inner cavity of the central tube and the first annular space is opened. Then liquid is pumped into the central tube from the first end of the central tube so that the pressure in the central tube increases, the ball seat moves in a first direction towards the side away from the second end under the action of the pushing force of the liquid, and the liquid flows into the first annular space through the central tube so that the pressure in the first annular space increases. Under the action of the liquid thrust, the thrust ring moves towards the first end, the thrust ring pushes the cutting blade body to slide along the first sliding side surface in the sliding groove, and the cutting blade body moves towards the outer side far away from the central tube. The diameter of the circle where the cutting teeth are located is increased, the thrust force is changed by pumping liquid into the central tube, so that the sliding amount of the cutting cutter body along the first sliding side surface is changed, the diameter of the circle where the cutting teeth are located is changed, and the well wall trimming tool can be suitable for trimming of drilling well holes with different diameters. The blocking structure for limiting the cutting blade body from falling out of the chute is arranged in the chute, so that the normal operation of the well wall finishing tool is ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a borehole wall dressing tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in an initial state;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a borehole wall dressing tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a use state;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cutting insert provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the A-A plane of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a chute according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of another cutting insert provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the B-B plane of FIG. 1.

Detailed Description

For the purposes of clarity, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure, the following further details the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a borehole wall dressing tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in an initial state. Referring to fig. 1, a borehole wall dressing tool includes: the center tube 10, the cylindrical housing 20, the cylindrical lower joint 30, the cylindrical ball seat 40, the cutting blade 50 and the thrust ring 60.

The central tube 10 extends in a first direction a, the central tube 10 having opposite first and second ends 11, 12. The casing 20 is sleeved on the central tube 10, at the first end 11, the casing 20 is in sealing connection with the central tube 10, at the second end 12, a first annular space 13 is formed between the casing 20 and the central tube 10, the casing 20 is provided with at least one sliding groove 201 penetrating through the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the casing 20, the sliding groove 201 is positioned between the first end 11 and the second end 12, and the sliding groove 201 is provided with a first sliding side surface 211 and a blocking structure 212. One end of the lower joint 30 is fixedly connected with the shell 20, and one end of the lower joint 30 fixedly connected with the shell 20 is sleeved on the second end 12 and is positioned between the second end 12 and the shell 20. A ball seat 40 is positioned over the second end 12 with the ball seat 40 positioned between the second end 12 and the lower sub 30, the ball seat 40 being used to control the communication of the interior of the base pipe 10 with the interior of the first annular space 13 or the lower sub 30. The cutting blade body 50 is positioned in the slide groove 201, the middle part of the cutting blade body 50 is provided with cutting teeth 501 protruding from the surface of the cutting blade body 50, and the cutting blade body 50 is provided with a second sliding side surface 502 which is jointed with the first sliding side surface 211. The thrust ring 60 is slidably located in the first annular space 13, the thrust ring 60 is in sealing connection with the central tube 10 and the housing 20, the thrust ring 60 is located between the ball seat 40 and the cutting blade body 50, the thrust ring 60 is used for driving the cutting blade body 50 to slide along the first sliding side 211 and moving the cutting blade body 50 towards the outer side away from the central tube 10 when receiving the liquid pressure from the central tube 10, and the blocking structure 212 is used for limiting the cutting blade body 50 from being separated from the sliding groove 201.

The borehole wall dressing tool provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may be referred to as a hydraulic borehole wall dressing tool because the sliding of the cutting blade body 50 is controlled hydraulically.

In the disclosed embodiment, both the upper end of the housing 20 and the lower end of the lower sub 30 are connected to the drill pipe.

Illustratively, the upper end of the housing 20 may be threadably coupled to the drill pipe and the lower end of the lower sub 30 may be threadably coupled to the drill pipe.

In the disclosed embodiment, during the process of the well wall finishing tool finishing the well wall, the cutting blade body 50 rotates around the center line of the center tube 10, and the trajectory during the rotation of the cutting teeth 501 is cylindrical. The housing 20 is also cylindrical. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a borehole wall dressing tool provided in an initial state, where the diameter of a circle where a cutting tooth 501 is located is equal to the outer diameter of a housing 20, so as to avoid the cutting tooth 501 protruding, and the protruding cutting tooth 501 is easy to collide during the carrying process, so that the cutting tooth 501 is damaged.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a borehole wall dressing tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a use state. Referring to fig. 2, when the thrust ring 60 moves to the first end 11 by a certain distance, the cutter body 50 moves to the outside far from the central tube 10, and the diameter of the circle where the cutter 501 is located is larger than the outer diameter of the housing 20, and when the well wall dressing tool works, the cutter 501 can contact with the well wall, so as to realize the dressing of the well wall.

In the related art, as the diameter of the circle where the cutting teeth are located cannot be changed, if multiple well wall trimming needs to be performed on the same drilling hole, and the diameters of the multiple trimming are different, different well wall trimming tools need to be replaced, the time required for replacing the tools is long, and the working efficiency is affected. According to the well wall trimming tool provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the diameter of the circle where the cutting teeth are located can be changed by changing the amount of pumping liquid into the central tube, and different well wall trimming tools are not required to be replaced, so that the working efficiency is improved.

Referring again to fig. 1 and 2, two second O-rings 102 are disposed between the housing 20 and the center tube 10 at the first end 11, ensuring tightness between the housing 20 and the center tube 10 at the first end 11, preventing gas or liquid from flowing into the first annular space 13 from the gap between the housing 20 and the center tube 10, and failing to control the diameter of the circle where the cutting teeth 501 are located by hydraulic pressure.

In the disclosed embodiment, the housing 20 and the center tube 10 may be connected by threads.

Referring again to fig. 1 and 2, the tee 40 includes: a ball seat body 401 and a hold-down ball 402. The ball seat body 401 has a third end 411 and a fourth end 412 which are opposite, the outer side wall of the ball seat body 401 has a first annular step 413 facing the fourth end 412, the inner side wall of the lower joint 30 has a second annular step 301 facing the second end 12, the step surface of the first annular step 413 faces the step surface of the second annular step 301, in the initial state, the third end 411 is sleeved on the second end 12, the third end 411 is located in the first annular space 13, the step surface of the first annular step 413 and the step surface of the second annular step 301 are spaced, and the fourth end 412 is located in the inner cavity of the lower joint 30. The outer diameter of the holding-down ball 402 is larger than the inner diameter of the ball seat 40 at the fourth end 412, the outer diameter of the holding-down ball 402 is smaller than the inner diameter of the central tube 10, when in use, the holding-down ball is located at the fourth end 412, the step surface of the first annular step 413 is attached to the step surface of the second annular step 301, and the inner cavity of the central tube 10 is communicated with the first annular space 13.

In the embodiment of the disclosure, in the initial state, the inner cavity of the central tube 10 is communicated with the inner cavity of the lower joint 30, and when the communication between the inner cavity of the central tube 10 and the inner cavity of the lower joint 30 is required to be closed, the pressure-holding ball 402 is thrown into the central tube 10, and the pressure-holding ball 402 moves towards the ball seat body 401 under the action of gravity. When the pressure-holding ball 402 moves to the fourth end 412 of the ball seat body 401, the pressure-holding ball 402 plugs the fourth end 412 of the ball seat 40 because the outer diameter of the pressure-holding ball 402 is larger than the inner diameter of the ball seat 40 at the fourth end 412, so that the communication between the inner cavity of the central tube 10 and the inner cavity of the lower joint 30 is closed. After the liquid is pumped into the central tube 10, the pressure in the central tube 10 is increased, the step surface of the first annular step 413 and the step surface of the second annular step 301 are provided with intervals, the liquid pushes the pressure holding ball 402 and the ball seat body 401 to move towards the second annular step 301, and when the ball seat body 401 moves to a certain amount along the first direction a towards the side far away from the second end 12, the step surface of the first annular step 413 and the step surface of the second annular step 301 are attached to the second annular step 301 to support the first annular step 413, so that the ball seat body 401 is prevented from falling off. At the same time, the inner cavity of the central tube 10 communicates with the first annular space 13, and liquid enters the first annular space 13.

Referring again to fig. 1 and 2, a first O-ring 403 is provided between the third end 411 of the tee body 401 and the second end 12 of the center tube 10.

There is liquid downhole, and in the drilling process, the liquid downhole may enter the ball seat body 401, and in the embodiment of the disclosure, the first O-ring 403 is disposed between the third end 411 and the second end 12, so as to increase the tightness between the third end 411 and the second end 12, and prevent the liquid in the ball seat body 401 from flowing into the first annular space 13 through the gap between the third end 411 and the second end 12, and when the borehole wall dressing tool is not used, the cutting tool body 50 is caused to move, thereby affecting the drilling operation.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, two first O-rings 403 are disposed between the third end 411 and the second end 12, so as to ensure tightness.

Referring again to fig. 1 and 2, the outer sidewall of the center tube 10 has a ring of third annular steps 101, the step faces of the third annular steps 101 facing the second end 12, and the third annular steps 101 are located between the thrust ring 60 and the first end 11.

The borehole wall dressing tool further comprises: a spring sleeve 70 and a return spring 80. The spring sleeve 70 is sleeved on the central tube 10, the spring sleeve 70 is positioned between the third annular step 101 and the thrust ring 60, the end face of the spring sleeve 70 facing the second end 12 is attached to the thrust ring 60, the inner side wall of the spring sleeve 70 is provided with a fourth annular step 701 opposite to the third annular step 101, the third annular step 101 and the fourth annular step 701 form a second annular space 702, and in an initial state, the bottom surface of the cutting tool body 50 is in contact with the outer side wall of the spring sleeve 70. The return spring 80 is sleeved on the central tube 10, and the return spring 80 is located in the second annular space 702, and two ends of the return spring 80 respectively prop against the third annular step 101 and the fourth annular step 701.

After the well wall finishing tool finishes finishing the well wall, the well wall finishing tool needs to be taken out from the well, and the well wall finishing tool is restored to the original state at the moment and is easier to take out. In the embodiment of the disclosure, the spring sleeve 70 and the return spring 80 are disposed, when the borehole wall dressing tool dresses the borehole wall, the thrust ring 60 moves toward the first end 11, the thrust ring 60 also generates a thrust force toward the first end 11 on the spring sleeve 70, and at this time, the thrust force of the thrust ring 60 on the spring sleeve 70 is greater than the thrust force of the return spring 80 on the spring sleeve 70, so that the spring sleeve 70 moves toward the first end 11. The return spring 80 in the second annular space 702 is compressed and the return spring 80 is in a compressed state. When the well wall finishing tool finishes finishing the well wall, the pump is stopped, at this time, the pressure in the central tube 10 and the first annular space 13 is reduced, the thrust force of the thrust ring 60 to the spring sleeve 70 is smaller than the thrust force of the return spring 80 to the spring sleeve 70, the return spring 80 pushes the spring sleeve 70 to move towards the second end 12, the spring sleeve 70 pushes the thrust ring 60 to move towards the second end 12, when the thrust ring 60 moves towards the second end 12, the cutting blade body 50 slides along the first sliding side surface 211 and moves towards the inner side of the central tube 10, the diameter of the circle where the cutting teeth 501 are located is reduced, so that the cutting blade body 50 is restored to the initial state, and the well wall finishing tool is conveniently taken out from the well.

Referring again to fig. 1 and 2, thrust collar 60 includes: an annular thrust piston 601 and an annular tool holder 602. The inner side wall of the thrust piston 601 is in sealing connection with the outer side wall of the center tube 10, the outer side wall of the thrust piston 601 is in sealing connection with the inner side wall of the housing 20, and the tool holder 602 is located between the thrust piston 601 and the cutting tool body 50. The inner side wall of the housing 20 has a fifth annular step 202, the fifth annular step 202 being located between the tool holder 602 and the thrust piston 601, the step face of the fifth annular step 202 facing the thrust piston 601, the inner diameter of the fifth annular step 202 being smaller than the outer diameter of the thrust piston 601. The inner diameter of the fifth annular step 202 is the diameter of the inner edge of the fifth annular step 202 and the outer diameter of the thrust piston 601 is the diameter of the outer edge of the thrust piston 601.

In the disclosed embodiment, the tool holder 602 is configured to carry the cutting insert 50, and the thrust piston 601 is configured to urge the tool holder 602 to move in the first direction a. During operation of the borehole wall setting tool, after the fluid flows into the first annular space 13, the fluid pushes the thrust piston 601 toward the first end 11, and the thrust piston 601 pushes the tool holder 602 toward the first end 11, thereby moving the cutting blade body 50 along the first sliding side 211. The inner side wall of the thrust piston 601 is in sealing connection with the outer side wall of the central tube 10, the outer side wall of the thrust piston 601 is in sealing connection with the inner side wall of the shell 20, it is ensured that liquid cannot flow out from a gap between the thrust piston 601 and the central tube 10 and a gap between the thrust piston 601 and the shell 20, and movement of the cutting blade body 50 cannot be effectively controlled.

Meanwhile, a fifth annular step 202 is arranged on the inner side wall of the shell 20, the inner diameter of the fifth annular step 202 is smaller than the outer diameter of the thrust piston 601, after the thrust piston 601 moves for a distance, the fifth annular step 202 blocks the thrust piston 601, so that the thrust piston 601 cannot continue to move towards the first end 11, the cutting knife body 50 is prevented from continuing to move towards the outer side far away from the central tube 10, and the diameter of a circle where the cutting teeth 501 of the well wall dressing tool are located is controlled within a certain range.

Referring again to fig. 1 and 2, three third O-rings 606 are provided between the inner side wall of the thrust piston 601 and the outer side wall of the central tube 10, and three fourth O-rings 607 are provided between the outer side wall of the thrust piston 601 and the inner side wall of the housing 20, so as to ensure tightness between the thrust piston 601 and the central tube 10 and the housing 20.

Referring again to fig. 1 and 2, thrust collar 60 further includes a stop collar 603 and a first shear pin 604. The limiting ring 603 is sleeved on the central tube 10, and the limiting ring 603 is positioned between the tool apron 602 and the thrust piston 601. The first shear pin 604 is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the stop collar 603 and the sidewall of the housing 20, and the first shear pin 604 is located between the fifth annular step 202 and the tool holder 602.

In the embodiment of the disclosure, the limiting ring 603 is used for transmitting the thrust of the thrust piston 601 to the tool holder 602 to push the tool holder to move, meanwhile, the first shearing pin 604 connects the side wall of the limiting ring 603 with the side wall of the housing 20, when the thrust piston 601 pushes the limiting ring 603, a shearing force is generated on the first shearing pin 604, the greater the thrust of the thrust piston 601 on the limiting ring 603, the greater the shearing force of the limiting ring 603 on the first shearing pin 604, and only after the shearing force reaches the shearing strength of the first shearing pin 604, the first shearing pin 604 is sheared, so that the limiting ring 603 moves towards the first end 11. The hydraulic pressure at which the borehole wall dressing tool is turned on may be controlled by changing the different first shear pin 604. Meanwhile, the first shearing pin 604 can ensure that the limiting ring 603 does not move in the initial state, so that the cutting tool body 50 slides due to the fact that the limiting ring 603 moves under the action of gravity is avoided, and the stability of a well wall trimming tool is affected.

In the disclosed embodiment, after the borehole wall dressing tool is removed downhole, a new first shear pin 604 is replaced to connect the sidewall of the stop collar 603 with the sidewall of the housing 20.

Referring again to fig. 1 and 2, the lower joint 30 includes: a lower joint body 302, a fixed sleeve 303, and a second shear pin 304. The lower joint body 302 is sleeved on the ball seat 40, and the lower joint body 302 is fixedly connected with the shell 20. The fixed sleeve 303 is sleeved on the ball seat 40 and is positioned between the ball seat 40 and the lower joint body 302, the fixed sleeve 303 is fixedly connected with the lower joint body 302, and the second annular step 301 is positioned on the lower joint body 302. A second shear pin 304 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the stationary sleeve 303 and the side wall of the ball seat 40, and a second annular step 301 is located between the second shear pin 304 and the thrust ring 60.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the lower joint body 302 is fixedly connected with the housing 20, and the fixing sleeve 303 is fixedly connected with the lower joint body 302, so that stability of the lower joint body 302 and the fixing sleeve 303 is ensured. The second shear pin 304 connects the sidewall of the fixing sleeve 303 and the sidewall of the ball seat 40, so that the ball seat 40 is secured from moving in an initial state, thereby securing the stability of the ball seat 40 in the initial state. When the ball seat 40 is pushed by the liquid, a shearing force is generated by the ball seat 40 on the second shearing pin 304, the greater the pushing force of the liquid on the ball seat 40 is, the greater the shearing force of the ball seat 40 on the second shearing pin 304 is, and only after the shearing force reaches the shearing strength of the second shearing pin 304, the second shearing pin 304 is sheared, so that the ball seat 40 is separated from the central tube 10, and the inner cavity of the central tube 10 is communicated with the first annular space 13. The hydraulic pressure at which the borehole wall dressing tool is turned on can also be controlled by replacing the second, different shear pin 304.

In the disclosed embodiment, after the borehole wall dressing tool has been removed downhole, the lower sub body 302 may be removed from the housing 20 and then replaced with a new second shear pin 304 to connect the side wall of the setting sleeve 303 with the side wall of the ball seat 40.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the lower joint body 302 and the housing 20 may be connected through threads, and the fixing sleeve 303 and the lower joint body 302 may also be connected through threads, so as to facilitate installation and disassembly.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, two fifth O-rings 305 are provided between the fixing sleeve 303 and the ball seat 40, so as to ensure tightness between the fixing sleeve 303 and the ball seat 40, and prevent gas or liquid from flowing into the annular space between the fixing sleeve 303 and the ball seat 40, so that the ball seat 40 cannot move.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cutting insert provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 3, the cutting insert 50 includes a first slider 503, a first connecting post 504, an insert body 505, a second connecting post 506, and a second slider 507 sequentially connected in a first direction a, the first slider 503 being located between the first end 11 and the first connecting post 504, the second sliding side 502 being a side of the first slider 503 facing the first end 11, and the cutting teeth 501 being located on the insert body 505.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the A-A plane of FIG. 3. Referring to fig. 4, the bottom surface of the cutting insert 50 is parallel to the first direction a and faces the central tube 10, and in the second direction b, the height of the insert body 505 is greater than the height of the first coupling post 504, the height of the second coupling post 506, the height of the first slider 503, and the height of the second slider 507. The second direction b is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cutting insert 50, and the third direction c, the second direction b, and the first direction a are perpendicular to each other. The second direction b and the third direction c are different for different cutting blade bodies 50, but the second direction b is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cutting blade body 50, and the third direction c, the second direction b and the first direction a are perpendicular to each other.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a chute according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 5, the sliding groove 201 includes a first sliding block sliding groove 213, a first connecting post sliding groove 214, a cutter body sliding groove 215, a second connecting post sliding groove 216 and a second sliding block sliding groove 217 which are sequentially communicated along a first direction a, the first sliding block sliding groove 213 is located between the first connecting post sliding grooves 214 of the first end 11, a side wall of the first sliding block sliding groove 213 facing the first end 11 is a first sliding side surface 211, and the first connecting post sliding groove 214 and the second connecting post sliding groove 216 are blocking structures 212.

Wherein, in the third direction c, the width of the cutter body 505 is greater than the width of the first connecting post chute 214 and the width of the second connecting post chute 216, the width of the cutter body 505 is less than or equal to the width of the cutter body chute 215, the width of the first slider 503 is greater than the width of the first connecting post chute 214, and the width of the second slider 507 is greater than the width of the second connecting post chute 216.

In the disclosed embodiment, the width of the cutter body 505 is less than or equal to the width of the cutter body chute 215 such that the cutter body 505 is capable of sliding out of the cutter body chute 215. When the cutting blade 50 moves a distance to the outside away from the central tube 10, the blocking structure 212 is required to block the cutting blade 50, so as to prevent the cutting blade 50 from being separated from the sliding groove 201. The cutting blade body is arranged according to the schematic structure shown in fig. 3, and the schematic structure shown in fig. 5 is provided with a sliding groove, when the cutting blade body 50 moves to the first end 11 for a certain distance, the cutting blade body 505 will abut against the side wall of the first connecting post sliding groove 214, so as to limit the continuous movement of the cutting blade body 505, and thus prevent the cutting blade body 50 from being separated from the sliding groove 201. When the cutting blade 50 moves a distance toward the second end 12, the blade body 505 will abut against the side wall of the second connecting post chute 216, and the continued movement of the blade body 505 is restricted, so as to avoid the cutting blade 50 from being separated from the chute 201.

Meanwhile, the height of the cutter body 505 is greater than the height of the first connecting column 504, the height of the second connecting column 506, the height of the first sliding block 503 and the height of the second sliding block 507, and the cutting teeth 501 are located on the cutter body 505, so that the cutting teeth 501 protrude out of the first connecting column 504, the second connecting column 506, the first sliding block 503 and the second sliding block 507, and the cutting teeth 501 can be firstly contacted with a well wall to realize the work of well wall finishing.

Referring again to fig. 5, the side wall of the second connecting post chute 216 has a stopper 218 extending in the first direction a, such that the width of the second connecting post chute 216 in the third direction c is smaller than the width of the cutter body 505.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second connecting post chute 216 has a reduced width due to the arrangement of the stopper 218, which is smaller than the width of the cutter body 505, so as to limit the cutter body 505. When the cutting blade body 50 is mounted, the cutting blade body 50 is inclined, the first sliding block 503 is put into the sliding groove 201 from the sliding groove 215 of the blade body, then other parts of the cutting blade body 50 are put into the sliding groove 201, and the limiting block 218 is mounted on the side wall of the second connecting column sliding groove 216, so that the blocking function of the second connecting column sliding groove 216 is realized.

Illustratively, the stopper 218 may be coupled to the side wall of the second connecting post chute 216 by bolts for easy assembly and disassembly.

Referring again to fig. 4, the end of the cutting insert 50 facing the second end 12 has a third sliding side 508.

Referring again to fig. 1, the thrust ring 60 has a fourth sliding side 605 that abuts the third sliding side 508, and the third sliding side 508 slides along the fourth sliding side 605 as the thrust ring 60 pushes the cutting insert 50 to slide along the first sliding side 211.

In the disclosed embodiment, when the thrust ring 60 pushes the cutting blade body 50, the cutting blade body 50 also slides along the side of the thrust ring 60. A mating third sliding side 508 and fourth sliding side 605 are disposed on the cutting insert 50 and thrust collar 60 to facilitate sliding movement of the cutting insert 50.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second sliding side 502 forms an angle between 30 degrees and 60 degrees with the first direction a, and the third sliding side 508 forms an angle between 30 degrees and 60 degrees with the first direction a, so as to facilitate manufacturing the cutting insert 50.

In the cutting insert 50 shown in fig. 4, the insert body 505 has a square top view, and in other implementations, the insert body 505 may have other shapes. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of another cutting insert provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 6, the top view of the cutter body 505 is tapered.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the cutting blades 50 ranges from 2 to 6, which ensures that the number of the cutting blades 50 is sufficient to reduce the finishing time on the one hand and avoids too many cutting blades 50 on the other hand, which is inconvenient to manufacture the sliding groove 201 on the housing 20.

Illustratively, the number of cutting blades 50 is 3.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the B-B plane of FIG. 1. Referring to fig. 7,3 cutting blades 50 are uniformly spaced around the central tube 10 with 120 degrees between centers of adjacent two cutting blades 50.

In the disclosed embodiment, the cutting teeth 501 are metallic projections welded to the cutter body 505.

Illustratively, the metal projections may be nickel-cobalt projections, which are stronger, reducing the likelihood of damage to the cutting tooth 501 during the dressing process.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure is provided for the purpose of illustration only, and is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the disclosure.

Claims

1. A borehole wall dressing tool, the borehole wall dressing tool comprising:

-a central tube (10) extending in a first direction, the central tube (10) having opposite first (11) and second (12) ends;

a cylindrical housing (20) sleeved on the central tube (10), wherein the housing (20) is in sealing connection with the central tube (10) at the first end (11), a first annular space (13) is formed between the housing (20) and the central tube (10) at the second end (12), the housing (20) is provided with at least one sliding groove (201) penetrating through the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the housing (20), the sliding groove (201) is positioned between the first end (11) and the second end (12), and the sliding groove (201) is provided with a first sliding side surface (211) and a blocking structure (212);

one end of the cylindrical lower joint (30) is fixedly connected with the shell (20), and one end of the lower joint (30) fixedly connected with the shell (20) is sleeved on the second end (12) and is positioned between the second end (12) and the shell (20);

a cylindrical ball seat (40) is sleeved on the second end (12), the ball seat (40) is positioned between the second end (12) and the lower joint (30), and the ball seat (40) is used for controlling the inner cavity of the central tube (10) to be communicated with the inner cavity of the first annular space (13) or the lower joint (30);

a cutting blade body (50) positioned in the sliding groove (201), wherein the middle part of the cutting blade body (50) is provided with a cutting tooth (501) protruding out of the surface of the cutting blade body (50), and the cutting blade body (50) is provided with a second sliding side surface (502) jointed with the first sliding side surface (211);

the thrust ring (60) is slidably arranged in the first annular space (13), the thrust ring (60) is in sealing connection with the central tube (10) and the shell (20), the thrust ring (60) is arranged between the ball seat (40) and the cutting cutter body (50), the thrust ring (60) is used for driving the cutting cutter body (50) to slide along the first sliding side surface (211) when being subjected to liquid pressure from the central tube (10), so that the cutting cutter body (50) moves along the radial direction of the central tube towards the outer side far away from the central tube (10), and the blocking structure (212) is used for limiting the cutting cutter body (50) to be separated from the sliding groove (201).

2. A borehole wall dressing tool according to claim 1, wherein the ball seat (40) comprises:

the ball seat body (401) is provided with a third end (411) and a fourth end (412) which are opposite, the outer side wall of the ball seat body (401) is provided with a first annular step (413) which faces the fourth end (412), the inner side wall of the lower joint (30) is provided with a second annular step (301) which faces the second end (12), the step surface of the first annular step (413) faces the step surface of the second annular step (301), in an initial state, the third end (411) is sleeved on the second end (12), the third end (411) is located in the first annular space (13), the step surface of the first annular step (413) and the step surface of the second annular step (301) are separated, and the fourth end (412) is located in an inner cavity of the lower joint (30);

the ball (402) is suppressed, the outside diameter of ball (402) is greater than ball seat (40) are in the inside diameter of fourth end (412), the outside diameter of ball (402) is less than the inside diameter of center tube (10) is suppressed, when in use, the ball is located fourth end (412), the step face of first annular step (413) with the step face laminating of second annular step (301), the inner chamber of center tube (10) with first annular space (13) intercommunication.

3. A borehole wall dressing tool according to claim 2, wherein a first O-ring (403) is provided between the third end (411) and the second end (12).

4. A borehole wall dressing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outer side wall of the central tube (10) has a ring of third annular steps (101), the steps of the third annular steps (101) facing towards the second end (12), and the third annular steps (101) being located between the thrust ring (60) and the first end (11);

the borehole wall dressing tool further comprises:

the spring sleeve (70) is sleeved on the central pipe (10), the spring sleeve (70) is positioned between the third annular step (101) and the thrust ring (60), the end face of the spring sleeve (70) facing the second end (12) is attached to the thrust ring (60), the inner side wall of the spring sleeve (70) is provided with a fourth annular step (701) opposite to the third annular step (101), the third annular step (101) and the fourth annular step (701) form a second annular space (702), and in an initial state, the bottom surface of the cutting cutter body (50) is in contact with the outer side wall of the spring sleeve (70);

the reset spring (80) is sleeved on the central tube (10), the reset spring (80) is located in the second annular space (702), and two ends of the reset spring (80) are respectively propped against the third annular step (101) and the fourth annular step (701).

5. A borehole wall dressing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thrust ring (60) comprises: an annular thrust piston (601) and an annular seat (602);

the inner side wall of the thrust piston (601) is in sealing connection with the outer side wall of the central tube (10), the outer side wall of the thrust piston (601) is in sealing connection with the inner side wall of the shell (20), and the tool apron (602) is positioned between the thrust piston (601) and the cutting tool body (50);

the inner side wall of the shell (20) is provided with a fifth annular step (202), the fifth annular step (202) is positioned between the tool holder (602) and the thrust piston (601), the step surface of the fifth annular step (202) faces the thrust piston (601), and the inner diameter of the fifth annular step (202) is smaller than the outer diameter of the thrust piston (601).

6. The borehole wall dressing tool according to claim 5, wherein the thrust ring (60) further comprises:

the limiting ring (603) is sleeved on the central tube (10), and the limiting ring (603) is positioned between the tool apron (602) and the thrust piston (601);

the first shearing pin (604) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the limiting ring (603) and the side wall of the shell (20), and the first shearing pin (604) is positioned between the fifth annular step (202) and the tool apron (602).

7. A borehole wall dressing tool according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the lower joint (30) comprises:

the lower joint body (302) is sleeved on the ball seat (40), and the lower joint body (302) is fixedly connected with the shell (20);

the fixed sleeve (303) is sleeved on the ball seat (40) and is positioned between the ball seat (40) and the lower joint body (302), the fixed sleeve (303) is fixedly connected with the lower joint body (302), and the second annular step (301) is positioned on the lower joint body (302);

and the second shearing pin (304) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the fixed sleeve (303) and the side wall of the ball seat (40), and the second annular step (301) is positioned between the second shearing pin (304) and the thrust ring (60).

8. A borehole wall dressing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said cutting blade body (50) comprises a first slider (503), a first connecting post (504), a blade body (505), a second connecting post (506) and a second slider (507) connected in sequence along said first direction, said first slider (503) being located between said first end (11) and said first connecting post (504), said second sliding side (502) being the side of said first slider (503) facing said first end (11), said cutting tooth (501) being located on said blade body (505);

the sliding groove (201) comprises a first sliding block sliding groove (213), a first connecting column sliding groove (214), a cutter body sliding groove (215), a second connecting column sliding groove (216) and a second sliding block sliding groove (217) which are sequentially communicated along the first direction, the first sliding block sliding groove (213) is positioned between the first end (11) and the first connecting column sliding groove (214), the first sliding side surface (211) is a side wall of the first sliding block sliding groove (213) facing the first end (11), and the first connecting column sliding groove (214) and the second connecting column sliding groove (216) are the blocking structures (212);

the bottom surface of the cutting tool body (50) is parallel to the first direction and faces the central tube (10), and in a second direction, the height of the tool body (505) is greater than the height of the first connecting column (504), the height of the second connecting column (506), the height of the first sliding block (503) and the height of the second sliding block (507);

in a third direction, the width of the cutter body (505) is larger than the width of the first connecting column chute (214) and the width of the second connecting column chute (216), the width of the cutter body (505) is smaller than or equal to the width of the cutter body chute (215), the width of the first sliding block (503) is larger than the width of the first connecting column chute (214), and the width of the second sliding block (507) is larger than the width of the second connecting column chute (216);

the second direction is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the cutting blade body (50), and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

9. The borehole wall setting tool as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the side wall of the second connection post chute (216) has a stopper (218) extending in the first direction such that the width of the second connection post chute (216) in the third direction is smaller than the width of the cutter body (505).

10. A borehole wall dressing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an end of said cutting blade body (50) facing said second end (12) has a third sliding side (508);

the thrust ring (60) is provided with a fourth sliding side surface (605) which is jointed with the third sliding side surface (508), and when the thrust ring (60) pushes the cutting tool body (50) to slide along the first sliding side surface (211), the third sliding side surface (508) slides along the fourth sliding side surface (605).