CN115216706A - Refractory steel material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Refractory steel material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115216706A
CN115216706A CN202210806239.2A CN202210806239A CN115216706A CN 115216706 A CN115216706 A CN 115216706A CN 202210806239 A CN202210806239 A CN 202210806239A CN 115216706 A CN115216706 A CN 115216706A
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refractory steel
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杨秉功
王义鸟
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Zhejiang Ouyun New Material Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/44—Methods of heating in heat-treatment baths
    • C21D1/46—Salt baths
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a refractory steel material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the refractory steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c is more than or equal to 0.04 and less than or equal to 0.09, P is more than or equal to 0.015 and less than or equal to 0.025, S is more than or equal to 0.007 and less than or equal to 0.009, al is more than or equal to 0.03 and less than or equal to 0.045, mo is more than or equal to 0.18 and less than or equal to 0.21, nb is more than or equal to 0.025 and less than or equal to 0.045, V is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.035, ti is more than or equal to 0.009 and less than or equal to 0.012, N is more than or equal to 0.002 and less than or equal to 0.004, mn is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 1.1, si is more than or equal to 0.25 and less than or equal to 0.35, cr is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.6, and the balance is Fe. The preparation method comprises the steps of smelting the proportioned alloy elements in vacuum, casting to obtain a steel billet, heating the steel billet to 1100-1160 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5-3 h, carrying out primary rolling at the temperature, cooling to 825-830 ℃ at the cooling rate of 2-3 ℃/s, preserving heat for 2-3 h at the temperature, and carrying out secondary rolling to obtain an alloy plate with the thickness of 10-15 mm; then the metal plate is placed in a heating furnace and subjected to two-stage heat treatment to obtain Q345 refractory steel. The Q345 refractory steel has excellent mechanical properties and meets the requirements of refractory steel in the market.

Description

Refractory steel material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refractory metal materials, and particularly relates to a refractory steel material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The yield strength of the refractory steel at the high temperature of 600 ℃ is not lower than 2/3 of the yield strength at the standard room temperature, while the yield strength at the high temperature of 600 ℃ of the common carbon steel and the low-alloy structural steel is only 1/3 of the yield strength at the room temperature. In recent years, as a novel building steel, compared with a common building steel needing to be sprayed with a fireproof coating or covered with a fireproof plate, the application of the fireproof steel can reduce or even omit the use of the fireproof coating or covered with the fireproof plate, and has great economic benefit and application prospect.
For the traditional Q345 refractory steel, molybdenum with high mass fraction is often added into an alloy system to ensure the refractory performance of the steel, the addition amount of the molybdenum generally exceeds 0.5 percent (mass fraction), however, the cost of the refractory steel is sharply increased due to the high price of molybdenum (Mo), and the use of the refractory steel is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide Q345 refractory steel which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c is more than or equal to 0.04 and less than or equal to 0.09, P is more than or equal to 0.015 and less than or equal to 0.025, S is more than or equal to 0.007 and less than or equal to 0.009, al is more than or equal to 0.03 and less than or equal to 0.045, mo is more than or equal to 0.18 and less than or equal to 0.21, nb is more than or equal to 0.025 and less than or equal to 0.045, V is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.035, ti is more than or equal to 0.009 and less than or equal to 0.012, N is more than or equal to 0.002 and less than or equal to 0.004, mn is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 1.1, si is more than or equal to 0.25 and less than or equal to 0.35, cr is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.6, and the balance is Fe.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing Q345 refractory steel, comprising the steps of:
s1: the method comprises the steps of smelting the proportioned alloy elements in vacuum, casting to obtain a steel billet, heating the steel billet to 11000-11600 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5-3 h, carrying out primary rolling at the temperature, cooling to 825-830 ℃ at a cooling rate of 2-3 ℃/s, preserving heat for 2-3 h at the temperature, and carrying out secondary rolling to obtain an alloy plate with the thickness of 10-15 mm.
S2: the metal plate is then placed in a heating furnace and subjected to a two-stage heat treatment:
s2-1: the temperature is increased to 955 to 980 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 30 to 45min, then the temperature is cooled to 750 to 760 ℃ along with the furnace, the temperature is preserved for 45 to 60min, and the temperature is cooled to 550 ℃ along with the furnace for standby.
S2-2: and (3) carrying out isothermal heat treatment on the metal plate in the step (S2-1) in a nitrite salt bath at 500-530 ℃, keeping the temperature for 45-60 min, discharging the metal plate out of the furnace, and cooling the metal plate to room temperature in the air.
Preferably, the temperature reduction rate in the step S2-1 is 1-1.5 ℃/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
mo element is an essential element in the refractory steel, but the Mo element is a noble metal element, so that the cost is high, and in the invention, the low Mo element and three metal elements of Nb, V and Ti are adopted to ensure the performance of the Q345 refractory steel; meanwhile, the two-stage heat treatment process improves the phase transformation effect of the bainite structure in the refractory steel, thereby improving the strength of the refractory steel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure map of a refractory steel prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, and the embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of Q345 refractory steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c =0.04, p =0.015,0.007=s,0.03= al,0.18= mo,0.025= nb,0.02= v,0.009= ti,0.002= n,0.6= mn,0.25= si,0.3= cr, and the remainder is Fe.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: and (2) smelting the proportioned alloy elements in vacuum, casting to obtain a billet, heating the billet to 11000 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5h, carrying out primary rolling at the temperature, cooling to 825 ℃ at the cooling rate of 2 ℃/s, preserving heat for 2h at the temperature, and carrying out secondary rolling to obtain an alloy plate with the thickness of 10 mm.
S2: the metal plate is then placed in a heating furnace for a two-stage heat treatment:
s2-1: the temperature is raised to 955 ℃, the temperature is kept for 30min, then the mixture is cooled to 750 ℃ along with the furnace at the cooling rate of 1 ℃/min and kept for 45min, and the mixture is cooled to 550 ℃ along with the furnace for standby.
S2-2: and (3) carrying out isothermal heat treatment on the metal plate in the step (S2-1) in a nitrite salt bath at 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 45min, discharging the metal plate out of the furnace, and cooling the metal plate to room temperature in the air.
Example 2
A preparation method of Q345 refractory steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c =0.09, p =0.025, s =0.009, al =0.045, mo =0.21, nb =0.045, v =0.035, ti =0.012, n =0.004, mn =1.1, si =0.35, cr =0.6, and the remainder is Fe.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: and (2) smelting the proportioned alloy elements in vacuum, casting to obtain a billet, heating the billet to 11600 ℃ for heat preservation for 3h, then carrying out primary rolling at the temperature, then cooling to 830 ℃ at a cooling rate of 3 ℃/s, carrying out secondary rolling after heat preservation for 3h at the temperature, and obtaining the alloy plate with the thickness of 15 mm.
S2: the metal plate is then placed in a heating furnace for a two-stage heat treatment:
s2-1: raising the temperature to 980 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 45min, cooling to 760 deg.C with furnace at a cooling rate of 1.5 deg.C/min, maintaining the temperature for 60min, and cooling to 550 deg.C with furnace for use.
S2-2: and (3) carrying out isothermal heat treatment on the metal plate in the step (S2-1) in a nitrite salt bath at 530 ℃, keeping the temperature for 60min, discharging the metal plate out of the furnace, and cooling the metal plate to room temperature in the air.
Example 3
A preparation method of Q345 refractory steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.06= c,0.02= p,0.008= s,0.035= al,0.19= mo,0.032= nb,0.025= v,0.01= ti,0.003= n,0.8= mn,0.30= si,0.4= cr, and the remainder is Fe.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: and (2) smelting the proportioned alloy elements in vacuum, casting to obtain a billet, heating the billet to 11300 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, then carrying out primary rolling at the temperature, then cooling to 827 ℃ at the cooling rate of 2.3 ℃/s, preserving heat for 2.5h at the temperature, and carrying out secondary rolling to obtain an alloy plate with the thickness of 12 mm.
S2: the metal plate is then placed in a heating furnace and subjected to a two-stage heat treatment:
s2-1: raising the temperature to 960 deg.C, maintaining the temperature at the temperature for 35min, cooling to 755 deg.C with a cooling rate of 1.2 deg.C/min, maintaining the temperature for 50min, and cooling to 550 deg.C with the furnace for use.
S2-2: and (3) carrying out isothermal heat treatment on the metal plate in the step (S2-1) in a nitrite salt bath at 510 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50min, discharging the metal plate out of the furnace, and cooling the metal plate to room temperature in the air.
Example 4
A preparation method of Q345 refractory steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c =0.08, p =0.023, s =0.009, al =0.04, mo =0.2, nb =0.040, v =0.030, ti =0.011, n =0.004, mn =1.0, si =0.32, cr =0.5, and the rest are Fe.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: and (2) smelting the proportioned alloy elements in vacuum, casting to obtain a billet, heating the billet to 11500 ℃, preserving heat for 2.5h, carrying out primary rolling at the temperature, cooling to 828 ℃ at a cooling rate of 2.8 ℃/s, preserving heat for 3h at the temperature, and carrying out secondary rolling to obtain an alloy plate with the thickness of 13 mm.
S2: the metal plate is then placed in a heating furnace and subjected to a two-stage heat treatment:
s2-1: heating to 970 deg.C, holding the temperature for 40min, cooling to 758 deg.C at 1.4 deg.C/min, holding the temperature for 55min, and cooling to 550 deg.C.
S2-2: and (3) carrying out isothermal heat treatment on the metal plate in the step (S2-1) in a nitrite salt bath at 520 ℃, keeping the temperature for 55min, discharging the metal plate out of the furnace, and cooling the metal plate to room temperature in the air.
And (3) performance testing: the mechanical properties of the refractory steels of examples 1 to 4 were measured according to the standard "Steel plate and Steel strip for refractory Structure GB/T28415-2012", and the results are shown in Table 1,
table 1. Test results:
Figure BDA0003737788200000041
as can be seen from Table 1, the Q345 refractory steels prepared in the examples 1-4 of the invention have excellent mechanical properties, and all can meet the performance requirements of standard refractory steels.

Claims (3)

1. The Q345 refractory steel is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: c is more than or equal to 0.04 and less than or equal to 0.09, P is more than or equal to 0.015 and less than or equal to 0.025, S is more than or equal to 0.007 and less than or equal to 0.009, al is more than or equal to 0.03 and less than or equal to 0.045, mo is more than or equal to 0.18 and less than or equal to 0.21, nb is more than or equal to 0.025 and less than or equal to 0.045, V is more than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.035, ti is more than or equal to 0.009 and less than or equal to 0.012, N is more than or equal to 0.002 and less than or equal to 0.004, mn is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 1.1, si is more than or equal to 0.25 and less than or equal to 0.35, cr is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.6, and the balance is Fe.
2. The method for preparing Q345 refractory steel according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the proportioned alloy elements are smelted in vacuum, a billet is obtained by casting, then the billet is heated to 11000-11600 ℃ and is subjected to heat preservation for 1.5-3 h, then primary rolling is carried out at the temperature, then the temperature is reduced to 825-830 ℃ at the temperature reduction rate of 2-3 ℃/s, and secondary rolling is carried out after the temperature is preserved for 2-3 h, so that an alloy plate with the thickness of 10-15 mm is obtained;
s2: the metal plate is then placed in a heating furnace and subjected to a two-stage heat treatment:
s2-1: raising the temperature to 955-980 ℃, preserving the heat for 30-45 min at the temperature, then cooling to 750-760 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving the heat for 45-60 min, and cooling to 550 ℃ along with the furnace for later use;
s2-2: and (3) carrying out isothermal heat treatment on the metal plate in the step (S2-1) in a nitrite salt bath at 500-530 ℃, keeping the temperature for 45-60 min, discharging the metal plate out of the furnace, and cooling the metal plate to room temperature in the air.
3. The method for preparing Q345 refractory steel according to claim 1, wherein the temperature reduction rate in step S2-1 is 1-1.5 ℃/min.
CN202210806239.2A 2022-07-08 2022-07-08 Refractory steel material and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN115216706A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115874106A (en) * 2022-12-20 2023-03-31 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 Production method of refractory structural steel Q345FRD with thickness of 65-100 mm

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115874106A (en) * 2022-12-20 2023-03-31 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 Production method of refractory structural steel Q345FRD with thickness of 65-100 mm

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