CN115215347A

CN115215347A - Gaseous silicon dioxide deacidification device and method

Info

Publication number: CN115215347A
Application number: CN202210737272.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方九林; 浩瀚; 罗烨栋; 罗立国; 瞿龙学; 王小亮; 马国维; 范宏
Original assignee: Hoshine Silicon Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Hoshine Silicon Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-17
Filing date: 2022-06-17
Publication date: 2022-10-21
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-17
Also published as: CN115215347B

Abstract

The invention provides a gaseous silicon dioxide deacidification device and a deacidification method, wherein the gaseous silicon dioxide deacidification device comprises a shell, a combustion chamber, a fluidized bed and a partition wall, wherein the combustion chamber, the fluidized bed and the partition wall are arranged in the shell, the partition wall divides the inner space of the shell into a fluidization area and a discharge area, a fluid channel is arranged at the lower part of the partition wall, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the discharge area, the combustion chamber is arranged at the bottom of the fluidization area, the fluidized bed is arranged on the combustion chamber, a plurality of flow blocking walls are arranged in the fluidization area and divide the fluidization area into a plurality of fluidization chambers, and the number and the positions of the combustion chambers correspond to those of the fluidization chambers. The gas-phase silica deacidification device can realize gas-phase silica fluidization deacidification, adopts the air brick to construct the fluidized bed, and the mixed gas enters the fluidized chamber after being heated in the combustion chamber and contacts with the gas-phase silica fluid in the fluidized chamber, so that the gas-solid two-phase contact is good, the space of the fluidized zone is fully utilized, the gas-phase silica and the mixed gas are fully mixed, the deacidification effect is remarkably improved, and the product quality is improved.

Description

Gaseous silicon dioxide deacidification device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fumed silica production, and particularly relates to a fumed silica deacidification device and a fumed silica deacidification method.

Background

The gas phase method silicon dioxide is an ultrafine, nontoxic and tasteless amorphous inorganic nonmetallic material, is white and clean fluffy powder in normal state, has the characteristics of high purity, small primary particle size, large specific surface area, high surface activity and the like, is widely applied to the fields of rubber, plastics, coatings, paint ink, adhesives, sealants, cosmetics, foods, medicines, agriculture, paper and the like as a novel chemical special material, has important influence on the development of the economy and the society and the adjustment of industrial structures, has a supporting effect on the development of high-end new materials, and is a material with long-term development space and potential.

In the production process of the fumed silica, deacidification and drying are an extremely important process flow, the volatile matter of the fumed silica is determined by drying, the pH value of the fumed silica and the distribution, hydroxyl content and purity of chloride ions on the surfaces of particles are influenced by the temperature, pressure difference, fluidizing gas speed and fluidizing effect of hot air in a deacidification furnace, the qualification rate and quality of the fumed silica are determined, and the deacidification is also one of extremely important links before products enter packaging. In the prior art, silica deacidification is realized by multi-purpose wet drying, but the deacidification is incomplete because the gas-phase silica and the mixed gas are not fully mixed, and the product quality is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to improve the deacidification effect of the fumed silica and improve the product quality.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a fumed silica deacidification device which comprises a shell, and a combustion chamber, a fluidized bed and a partition wall which are arranged in the shell, wherein the partition wall divides the inner space of the shell into a fluidizing region and a discharging region, the fluidizing region is positioned on the front side of the discharging region, a fluid channel is arranged at the lower part of the partition wall, a discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the discharging region, a feeding port and an air outlet are arranged at the top of the front side of the shell, the combustion chamber is arranged at the bottom of the fluidizing region, the fluidized bed is arranged on the combustion chamber and is formed by paving air bricks, a plurality of flow blocking walls are arranged in the fluidizing region and divide the fluidizing region into a plurality of fluidizing chambers, the number and the positions of the combustion chambers correspond to those of the fluidizing chambers, a plurality of air inlets are arranged on the side surface of the shell, the number and the positions of the air inlets correspond to those of the combustion chamber, one side of the flow blocking walls are connected with the inner wall of the shell, the other side of the flow blocking walls are separated from the opposite inner wall to form the fluid channel, and the adjacent flow blocking walls are connected with the inner wall on the opposite side.

Compared with the prior art, the gas-phase silica deacidification method can realize fluidized deacidification of the gas-phase silica, the gas permeable bricks are adopted to construct the fluidized bed, the mixed gas is heated in the combustion chamber and then enters the fluidized chamber to contact with the gas-phase silica fluid in the fluidized chamber, the gas-solid two phases are well contacted, the fluid is limited by the flow blocking wall to flow along the S shape, the space of the fluidized zone is fully utilized, the gas-phase silica and the mixed gas are fully mixed, the deacidification effect is remarkably improved, and the product quality is improved.

Furthermore, a diversion dam is arranged in part of the fluidization chambers, the diversion dam penetrates through the fluidization chambers in the front-back direction, and a fluid channel is arranged at the lower part of the diversion dam. The diversion dam is arranged to enable fluid in the fluidized chamber to descend to the position of the fluidized bed, contact between the mixed gas and the fluid is enhanced, the gas-phase silicon dioxide and the mixed gas are fully mixed, and the deacidification effect is remarkably improved.

Furthermore, flow-limiting walls are arranged in part of the fluidizing chambers, two sides of each flow-limiting wall are respectively connected with the flow-blocking wall and the inner wall, the flow-limiting walls penetrate through the fluid channels of the adjacent fluidizing chambers, and through holes are formed in the flow-limiting walls. The flow-limiting wall can prolong the retention time of the fluid in the fluidizing chamber, so that the fluidizing deacidification time meets the technological requirements.

Furthermore, a plurality of support columns are arranged in the fluidization area, the number of the support columns corresponds to that of the flow blocking walls, and each support column is connected with one side, separated from the inner wall, of one flow blocking wall. The support column is used for strengthening the structural strength of the deacidification device and avoiding damage to the inner walls of the flow blocking wall, the fluidized bed and the shell.

Further, the top of shell is equipped with the breather valve, the breather valve with fluidization area intercommunication, the top of shell is equipped with at least one top sight glass, at least one top manhole and at least one purge mouth. Set up the breather valve and avoid fluidization district internal pressure too big, set up the deacidification condition in the top sight glass is convenient for observe the fluidization chamber, set up and sweep mouthful and top manhole and be convenient for clear up deacidification device.

Furthermore, the shell with the one side that the air inlet is relative is equipped with a plurality of side manholes, the quantity and the position of side manhole with the combustion chamber corresponds, be equipped with the side view mirror on the side manhole. Set up the side manhole and be convenient for maintain the clearance to the burning, set up the side sight glass and be used for observing the condition in the combustion chamber.

Further, the rear side of shell is equipped with at least one reserve bin outlet, reserve bin outlet with ejection of compact district intercommunication, be equipped with the end cap in the reserve bin outlet. When the discharge hole is blocked or the discharge speed is too slow, the spare discharge hole can be used for discharging.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the shell, the partition wall and the flow blocking wall are formed by laying refractory bricks, the shell comprises a wall plate, and an insulating layer is arranged between the wall plate and the inner wall. The major structure in the deacidification device is laid by resistant firebrick and is formed, and is lower for steel construction equipment manufacturing cost, and it is more convenient to make, moves safelyr, sets up the heat preservation between the wallboard of shell and the inner wall, can reduce the heat and run off, improves energy utilization.

Further, the shell comprises a bottom plate, and a heat insulation layer is arranged on the bottom plate. The heat insulating layer is arranged on the bottom plate to isolate heat generated by the combustion chamber, so that the high-efficiency and safe operation of the device is ensured.

The invention also provides a fumed silica deacidification method, which uses the fumed silica deacidification device, and the method comprises the following steps: the gas-phase silicon dioxide enters a fluidization area from a feeding hole, hydrogen and air enter a combustion chamber from an air inlet, the gas-phase silicon dioxide sequentially passes through a plurality of fluidization chambers, mixed gas enters the fluidization chambers to react with the gas-phase silicon dioxide for deacidification, the deacidified gas-phase silicon dioxide enters a discharge area and is discharged from a discharge hole, wherein the volume ratio of the hydrogen to the air is 1:4-1: 6, the fluidization deacidification temperature is 500-550 ℃, the fluidization gas speed is 4-20 cm/s, and the fluidization deacidification time is 40-90 min. Preferably, the volume ratio of the hydrogen to the air is 1:5, the temperature of the fluidization deacidification is 510-530 ℃, the speed of the fluidization gas is 10-15 cm/s, and the time of the fluidization deacidification is 60-80 min.

Compared with the existing wet drying deacidification technology, the fumed silica deacidification method has the following advantages: the gas-solid two-phase contact is good, the gas-phase silicon dioxide and the mixed gas are fully mixed, the deacidification time is short, additional water is not needed, other impurities are not introduced, and compared with the existing deacidification furnace, the resistance cannot be increased rapidly, and the operation is safe and efficient. The purity of the fumed silica obtained by deacidification by the method is more than or equal to 99.8 percent, the chloride is less than or equal to 250mg/kg, the volatile matter is less than or equal to 2 percent, the pH value is 4.0-4.5, and key indexes such as aggregate particle size, pH value, chloride ion concentration and the like reach advanced levels.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the external structure of a fumed silica deacidification apparatus in an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the internal structure of the fumed silica deacidification apparatus in accordance with the example;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a fumed silica deacidification apparatus in the example.

Description of the reference numerals:

1-shell, 11-inner wall, 12-wall plate, 13-insulating layer, 14-bottom plate, 15-insulating layer, 2-combustion chamber, 21-arch, 22-combustor, 3-fluidized bed, 41-partition wall, 42-flow resisting wall, 43-guide dam, 44-flow limiting wall, 45-support column, 5-fluidizing zone, 51-first fluidizing chamber, 52-second fluidizing chamber, 53-third fluidizing chamber, 54-fourth fluidizing chamber, 55-fifth fluidizing chamber, 6-discharging zone, 71-feeding hole, 72-discharging hole, 73-spare discharging hole, 81-breather valve, 82-top viewing mirror, 83-top viewing hole, 84-purging hole, 85-side viewing hole and 86-side viewing mirror.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "back", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally arranged when the products of the present invention are used, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, a coordinate system XYZ is provided, in which a forward direction of an X axis represents a forward direction, a reverse direction of the X axis represents a backward direction, a forward direction of a Y axis represents a right direction, a reverse direction of the Y axis represents a left direction, a forward direction of a Z axis represents an upward direction, and a reverse direction of the Z axis represents a downward direction.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, this embodiment discloses a fumed silica deacidification apparatus for removing volatile substances from fumed silica. The fluidization deacidification device comprises a shell 1, wherein a feed inlet 71 and an air outlet (not shown in the figure) are formed in the front side of the top of the shell 1, a partition wall 41 is arranged in the shell 1, the partition wall 41 divides the inner space of the shell 1 into a fluidization area 5 and a discharge area 6, the fluidization area 5 is positioned in front of the discharge area 6, a fluid channel is formed in the lower portion of the partition wall 41, a discharge outlet 72 is formed in the bottom of the discharge area 6, gas-phase silicon dioxide enters the fluidization area 5 from the feed inlet 71 for fluidization deacidification, and fluid moves from the front to the back to the discharge area 6 and is discharged from the discharge outlet 72. Be equipped with a plurality of combustion chambers 2 in the fluidization region 5, combustion chamber 2 is located the bottom in shell 1, and combustion chamber 2 has arch 21, is equipped with combustor 22 in the combustion chamber 2, and the right side of shell 1 is equipped with a plurality of air inlets, and the quantity and the position of air inlet correspond with combustion chamber 2 for let in the mist of hydrogen and oxygen in to combustion chamber 2. The fluidized bed 3 is arranged above the combustion chamber 2, the fluidized bed 3 is formed by laying air bricks, and high-temperature steam in the combustion chamber 2 can enter the fluidized bed 3 from the lower part of the fluidized bed 3 and is mixed with the gas-phase silicon dioxide fluid. A plurality of flow blocking walls 42 extending in the left-right direction are further disposed in the fluidizing zone 5, and the flow blocking walls 42 divide the fluidizing zone 5 into a plurality of fluidizing chambers, in this embodiment, five fluidizing chambers are provided, and the fluidizing chambers are a first fluidizing chamber 51, a second fluidizing chamber 52, a third fluidizing chamber 53, a fourth fluidizing chamber 54 and a fifth fluidizing chamber 55 from front to back. Each fluidizing chamber corresponds to one combustion chamber 2, and a flow blocking wall 42 is connected to the inner wall 11 of the housing 1 at one side, is separated from the opposite inner wall 11 at the other side to form a fluid passage, and is connected to the opposite inner wall 11 adjacent to the flow blocking wall 42. The device can realize fluidized deacidification of the fumed silica, the fluidized bed 3 is constructed by adopting the air brick, the mixed gas is heated in the combustion chamber 2 and then enters the fluidized chamber to be contacted with the fumed silica in the fluidized chamber, gas-solid two phases are well contacted, the flow wall 42 limits the flow to flow along an S shape, and the flow direction is shown by a black line and an arrow in figure 2, so that the space of the fluidized zone 5 can be fully utilized, the fumed silica and the mixed gas are fully mixed, the deacidification effect is remarkably improved, and the product quality is improved.

Referring to fig. 1, a breather valve 81 is arranged at the top of the housing 1, and when the pressure in the fluidization region 5 is too high, the breather valve 81 automatically exhausts, so that the influence of high pressure on the operation and deacidification environment of the device is avoided. The top of the housing 1 is provided with a plurality of top view mirrors 82 for an operator to view the fluid conditions within the fluidization chamber. The top of the housing 1 is also provided with a plurality of top manholes 83 and a plurality of purge ports 84, and the purge ports 84 and the top manholes 83 are arranged to facilitate cleaning of the deacidification device. In other embodiments, the number of overhead mirrors 82, overhead manholes 83, and purge ports 84 may be one or more. The left side of shell 1 is equipped with a plurality of side manholes 85, and the quantity and the position of side manhole 85 correspond with combustion chamber 2, are convenient for maintain the clearance to the burning. A side view mirror 86 is provided on the side manhole 85, and an operator can observe the inside of the combustion chamber 2 through the side view mirror 86.

As shown in fig. 2, the bottom of the discharging area 6 is conical, and each part is inclined towards the discharging hole 72, so as to facilitate discharging. Referring to fig. 1 and 3, two spare discharge ports 73 are provided at the rear side of the housing 1, the spare discharge ports 73 are communicated with the discharge area 6, and plugs are provided in the spare discharge ports 73, so that the plugs can be opened to discharge materials through the spare discharge ports 73 when the discharge ports 72 are blocked or the discharge speed is too slow.

As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of support columns 45 are disposed in the fluidizing zone 5, the number of the support columns 45 corresponds to that of the baffle walls 42, and each support column 45 is connected to a side of one baffle wall 42 separated from the inner wall 11. The support columns 45 are used for enhancing the structural strength of the deacidification device and preventing the structure of the flow blocking wall 42, the fluidized bed 3, the inner wall 11 of the shell 1 and the like from being damaged.

Further, three guide dams 43 are provided in the fluidizing zone 5 of the deacidification apparatus of this embodiment, and are respectively disposed in the first fluidizing chamber 51, the third fluidizing chamber 53 and the fifth fluidizing chamber 55. The diversion dam 43 extends in the front-rear direction and penetrates through the fluidizing chambers in the front-rear direction, wherein both sides of the diversion dam 43 in the first fluidizing chamber 51 are connected to the support column 45 and the inner wall 11 of the housing 1, both sides of the diversion dam 43 in the third fluidizing chamber 53 are connected to the support column 45 and the choke wall 42, and both sides of the diversion dam 43 in the fifth fluidizing chamber 55 are connected to the partition wall 41 and the choke wall 42, respectively. The diversion dam 43 is formed by laying refractory bricks, a fluid channel is arranged at the lower part of the diversion dam 43, and fluid needs to pass through the fluid channel at the lower part when flowing through the diversion dam 43, so that the fluid in the fluidized chamber is descended to the position of the fluidized bed 3, the contact between the mixed gas and the fluid is enhanced, the gas-phase silicon dioxide and the mixed gas are fully mixed, and the deacidification effect is obviously improved. In other embodiments, the number of the diversion dams 43 may be one or more, and a plurality of diversion dams 43 may be disposed in each fluidization chamber.

Furthermore, a flow-limiting wall 44 is disposed in the fluidization region 5 of the deacidification apparatus of this embodiment, the flow-limiting wall 44 is disposed at the boundary portion of the first fluidization chamber 51 and the second fluidization chamber 52, two sides of the flow-limiting wall 44 are respectively connected with the flow-blocking wall 42 and the inner wall 11 of the outer shell 1, that is, the flow-limiting wall 44 penetrates through the fluid passage of the adjacent fluidization chamber, and a through hole is disposed on the flow-limiting wall 44. The fluid is blocked from passing through the restriction wall 44 and only passes through the through holes, thereby prolonging the residence time of the fluid in the first fluidizing chamber 51 and making the fluidizing deacidification time meet the process requirements. In other embodiments, the number of flow-restricting walls 44 may be one or more, and are disposed at the intersection of adjacent fluidization chambers.

The shell 1 of this embodiment deacidification device includes wallboard 12, heat preservation 13 and inner wall 11, sets up heat preservation 13 between wallboard 12 and the inner wall 11, can reduce the heat loss, improves energy utilization. The inner wall 11 of the shell 1, the separating wall 41, the flow blocking wall 42, the arch 21 of the combustion chamber 2 and other structures are formed by laying refractory bricks, and compared with steel structure equipment, the structure is lower in manufacturing cost, more convenient to manufacture and safer to operate. The shell 1 further comprises a bottom plate 14, and a heat insulation layer 15 is arranged on the bottom plate 14 and used for isolating heat generated by the combustion chamber 2 and ensuring efficient and safe operation of the device.

The use method of the gas-phase silicon dioxide deacidification device comprises the following steps: the fumed silica enters the fluidization zone 5 from the feed inlet 71; hydrogen and air enter the combustion chamber 2 from the air inlet, and the gas-phase silicon dioxide moves from front to back in the fluidizing zone 5 and sequentially passes through a plurality of fluidizing chambers; the mixed gas is heated in the combustion chamber 2 and then flows above the fluidized bed 3 to be mixed with the gas-phase silicon dioxide in the fluidized chamber for fluidization deacidification; the deacidified gas is discharged from a gas outlet, and the gas-phase silicon dioxide enters the discharging area 6 and is discharged from a discharging hole 72, so that the fluidization deacidification process is completed.

In the process of the fluidization deacidification, the volume ratio of the hydrogen to the air is 1:4-1: 6, the temperature of the fluidization deacidification is 500-550 ℃, the speed of the fluidization gas is 4-20 cm/s, and the time of the fluidization deacidification is 40-90 min. Preferably, the volume ratio of the hydrogen to the air is 1:5, the temperature of the fluidization deacidification is 510-530 ℃, the speed of the fluidization gas is 10-15 cm/s, and the time of the fluidization deacidification is 60-80 min.

The gas-phase silicon dioxide has the following advantages by using the method for fluidization deacidification: the gas-solid two-phase contact is good, the gas-phase silicon dioxide and the mixed gas are fully mixed, the deacidification time is short, additional water is not needed, other impurities are not introduced, and compared with the existing deacidification furnace, the resistance cannot be increased rapidly, and the operation is safe and efficient. The purity of the fumed silica obtained by deacidification by the method is more than or equal to 99.8 percent, the chloride is less than or equal to 250mg/kg, the volatile matter is less than or equal to 2 percent, the pH value is 4.0-4.5, and key indexes such as aggregate particle size, pH value, chloride ion concentration and the like reach advanced levels.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fumed silica deacidification device, characterized in that, including shell (1) and set up combustion chamber (2), fluidized bed (3) and division wall (41) in shell (1), division wall (41) will shell (1) inner space separates into fluidization region (5) and discharging zone (6), fluidization region (5) are located the front side of discharging zone (6), division wall (41) lower part is equipped with fluid passage, the bottom of discharging zone (6) is equipped with discharge gate (72), the front side top of shell (1) is equipped with feed inlet (71) and gas outlet, combustion chamber (2) set up the bottom of fluidization region (5), fluidized bed (3) set up on combustion chamber (2), fluidized bed (3) are laid by the air brick and are formed, be equipped with a plurality of choked flow walls (42) in fluidization region (5), choked flow wall (42) will fluidization region (5) separate into a plurality of fluidization chamber, the quantity and the position of combustion chamber (2) with the fluidization chamber corresponds, shell (1) is equipped with a plurality of choked flow wall (42) in the quantity and the side with the air inlet, the opposite side of air inlet (11) the separation wall (11) with the other side of fluidization chamber (11), choke flow wall (11) forms the opposite side of separation wall (11), the adjacent choke wall (42) is connected to the inner wall (11) on the opposite side.

2. The fumed silica deacidification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a flow guide dam (43) is provided in a portion of the fluidizing chamber, the flow guide dam (43) penetrating the fluidizing chamber in the front-rear direction, a fluid passage being provided at a lower portion of the flow guide dam (43).

3. The fumed silica deacidification apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a flow restricting wall (44) is provided in a portion of the fluidizing chambers, both sides of the flow restricting wall (44) are respectively connected with the flow blocking wall (42) and the inner wall (11), the flow restricting wall (44) penetrates through the fluid passage of the adjacent fluidizing chambers, and through holes are provided on the flow restricting wall (44).

4. A fumed silica deacidification apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of supporting columns (45) are provided in said fluidization zone (5), said number of supporting columns (45) corresponding to the number of said baffle walls (42), each supporting column (45) being connected to a side of one of said baffle walls (42) separated from said inner wall (11).

5. Fumed silica deacidification device according to claim 1, characterized in that a breather valve (81) is provided at the top of the enclosure (1), said breather valve (81) being in communication with the fluidization zone (5), said enclosure (1) being provided at its top with at least one top view mirror (82), at least one top manhole (83) and at least one purge port (84).

6. A silica fume deacidification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of side manholes (85) are provided at a side of said outer casing (1) opposite to said gas inlet, said side manholes (85) corresponding in number and position to said combustion chamber (2), said side manholes (85) being provided with side view mirrors (86).

7. A fumed silica deacidification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear side of said casing (1) is provided with at least one spare discharge opening (73), said spare discharge opening (73) being in communication with said discharge zone (6), said spare discharge opening (73) being provided with a plug therein.

8. A fumed silica deacidification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inner wall (11) of the casing (1), the partition wall (41) and the flow-impeding wall (42) are laid out of refractory bricks, the casing (1) comprising a wall plate (12), and an insulating layer (13) is provided between the wall plate (12) and the inner wall (11).

9. Fumed silica deacidification device according to claim 8, characterized in that said casing (1) comprises a bottom plate (14), said bottom plate (14) being provided with a heat insulating layer (15).

10. A fumed silica deacidification method characterized by using the fumed silica deacidification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, said method comprising the steps of: the gas-phase silicon dioxide enters a fluidization area (5) from a feeding hole (71), hydrogen and air enter a combustion chamber (2) from an air inlet, the gas-phase silicon dioxide sequentially passes through a plurality of fluidization chambers, mixed gas enters the fluidization chambers to react with the gas-phase silicon dioxide for deacidification, the deacidified gas-phase silicon dioxide enters a discharging area (6) and is discharged from a discharging hole (72), wherein the volume ratio of the hydrogen to the air is 1:4-1: 6, the fluidization deacidification temperature is 500-550 ℃, the fluidization gas velocity is 4-20 cm/s, and the fluidization deacidification time is 40-90 min.