CN115213467A - Cutting residue compensation method for machine tool cutting - Google Patents
Cutting residue compensation method for machine tool cutting Download PDFInfo
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- CN115213467A CN115213467A CN202210970460.1A CN202210970460A CN115213467A CN 115213467 A CN115213467 A CN 115213467A CN 202210970460 A CN202210970460 A CN 202210970460A CN 115213467 A CN115213467 A CN 115213467A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/013—Control or regulation of feed movement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/08—Control or regulation of cutting velocity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting residue compensation method for machine tool cutting, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a machining model, acquiring machining tool library information and machining process library information in a database, and acquiring a machining tool path track of the machining tool library information according to the machining model; step two: acquiring concave position information of the machining model, selecting a concave position of the machining model, inputting interpolation height information, and establishing a tool path compensation track corresponding to the concave position; step three: replacing a cutter of a machine head of the machine tool with an end milling cutter, and performing primary cutting machining on the surface of a machined workpiece according to a machining tool path track; step four: and after the initial cutting machining is finished, replacing the cutter of the machine tool head with a ball-end milling cutter according to the machining process library information and the machining cutter library information, and cutting the cutting residue corresponding to the concave position of the machining model in the machined workpiece according to the cutter path compensation track. The method can further carry out cutting compensation on the cutting residues generated on the surface of the machined workpiece, and improves the cutting machining quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool cutting control methods, in particular to a cutting residue compensation method for machine tool cutting.
Background
Machine tool milling cutters are mainly classified into end mills, ball end mills, side mills, face mills, concave mills, thread mills, and the like. Wherein the end mill is suitable for machining various shapes of workpieces, in particular flat planes or sides; the ball end milling cutter is suitable for processing the three-dimensional curved surface shape of a workpiece. When the workpiece surface is intended to be machined to have a flat or relatively flat shape with a small number of pits or indentations, the end mill or ball end mill is typically selected for machining based on the size of the workpiece. When the workpiece is large, an end mill is usually selected for machining; when the workpiece is small, a ball end mill is usually selected for machining.
Because the cutter face of the ball end mill is positioned on the sphere of the cutter tip of the ball end mill, the ball end mill has better effect when processing a curved surface; when the workpiece is processed by the ball-end milling cutter to form the flat or gentle workpiece with a small number of concave points or dents; because processing is levelly and smoothly or gentle surperficial in-process, the work piece can be to the radial great impact resistance that produces of ball end milling cutter, so cause the condition that ball end milling cutter appears collapsing easily, need frequent tool changing, ball end milling cutter is comparatively expensive in end milling cutter. Therefore, a workpiece is usually machined by using an end mill, and a tool face of the end mill is located on a tool tip side face of the end mill, and a tool tip end face of the end mill forms a flat plane when rotating. When the end mill is used for processing a concave point or a dent position on the surface of a workpiece, the end face of a tool nose of the end mill is often lack of a corresponding cutting edge, and the diameter of the end mill is larger, so that the inner bottom surface of the concave point or the dent at the processing position is not processed, and the situation of protrusion or cutting residue occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for compensating for cutting residue in machining of a machine tool, which can further compensate for cutting residue generated on a surface of a workpiece after the surface of the workpiece is machined by the machine tool in accordance with a machining model.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for compensating cutting residue for cutting machining of a machine tool comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: arranging a processing workpiece on a machine tool working platform, enabling a workpiece coordinate origin of the processing workpiece to coincide with a mechanical coordinate origin of the machine tool in a tool setting mode, then acquiring a processing model in an operating system, enabling a model coordinate origin of the processing model to coincide with the workpiece coordinate origin of the processing workpiece, then acquiring processing tool magazine information and processing technology magazine information in a database, and acquiring a processing tool path track of the processing tool magazine information according to the processing model;
step two: in an operating system, concave position information of a machining model is obtained, a concave position of the machining model is selected, interpolation height information is input, and a tool path compensation track corresponding to the concave position of the machining model is established;
step three: replacing a cutter of a machine tool head with an end milling cutter according to the processing technology library information and the processing tool library information, and then performing primary cutting processing on the surface of a processed workpiece according to the processing tool path track;
step four: and after the initial cutting machining is finished, replacing the cutter of the machine tool head with the ball-end milling cutter according to the machining process library information and the machining cutter library information, wherein the cutter diameter of the replaced ball-end milling cutter is the same as that of the end milling cutter in the step three, and cutting the cutting residue corresponding to the concave position of the machining model in the machined workpiece according to the cutter path compensation track.
Further, in the third step, when the cutter of the machine tool enters the concave position in the process that the machine tool cuts and processes the workpiece according to the path of the primary processing tool path, the feeding speed of the machine tool is reduced; when the tool of the machine tool moves out of the corresponding concave position, the feed speed of the machine tool is accelerated.
And further, before the third step, acquiring edge contour spline curve information of the concave position according to the concave position of the processing model, wherein the height of the distance between the edge contour spline curve and the surface of the processing model and the height of the distance between the processing tool path track and the surface of the processing model are equal, and acquiring boundary intersection point coordinate information between the edge contour spline curve and the processing tool path track.
Further, in the third step, when the machine tool cutter performs cutting processing on a continuous processing cutter path track and the concave position of the current machine tool cutter and the processing model is temporarily not corresponding, position information on the processing cutter path track corresponding to the machine tool cutter is obtained, boundary intersection point coordinate information close to the machine tool cutter on the processing cutter path track is obtained along the machine tool processing displacement direction, and whether the distance between the obtained boundary intersection point coordinate information and the position information on the processing cutter path corresponding to the machine tool cutter is less than three times of the cutter diameter of the end mill is judged; if yes, reducing the feed speed of the machine tool cutter by 15% -25%; if not, the current feed speed of the machine tool cutter is kept.
Further, in the third step, when the machine tool cutter performs cutting processing on a continuous processing tool path track and the current machine tool cutter corresponds to the concave position of the processing model, acquiring position information of the machine tool cutter on the processing tool path track corresponding to the machine tool cutter, acquiring boundary intersection point coordinate information close to the machine tool cutter on the processing tool path track along the processing displacement direction of the machine tool, and after the position information of the machine tool cutter is overlapped with the acquired boundary intersection point coordinate information; in the further cutting process, judging whether the distance between the obtained boundary intersection point coordinate information and the position information of the corresponding processing cutter track of the machine tool cutter is more than three times of the cutter diameter of the end mill or not; if yes, increasing the feed speed of the machine tool cutter by 20-30%; if not, the current feed speed of the machine tool cutter is maintained.
Further, acquiring the distance between two adjacent boundary intersection point coordinates in each continuous processing tool path track, and judging whether the two adjacent boundary intersection point coordinates are positioned on the edge contour spline curve of the same concave position, if so, sending the acquired distance information of the two adjacent boundary intersection point coordinates to a database for storage; if not, abandoning; comparing data information of coordinate intervals of a plurality of adjacent boundary intersection points stored in the database to obtain the maximum interval information between the adjacent boundary intersection point coordinates; and selecting the end milling cutter replaced in the third step, wherein the tool diameter is smaller than half of the acquired maximum adjacent boundary intersection point distance information.
Further, in the second step, distance information between the machining tool path track and the surface of the machining model is obtained, and the input interpolation height information is the same as the obtained distance information, so that the tool path compensation track corresponding to the concave position of the machining model is superposed with the machining tool path track.
Further, in the second step, a tool path compensation track is selected, and interpolation height information is input, wherein the input interpolation height information is 1/8-1/10 times of the tool diameter of the ball-end milling cutter in the fourth step; and simultaneously inputting interpolation quantity information, establishing corresponding quantity of tool path progressive compensation tracks corresponding to the tool path interpolation tracks, wherein the corresponding quantity of tool path progressive compensation tracks are arranged at equal intervals along the direction far away from the tool path compensation tracks, and the adjacent interval distance is the input interpolation height information.
Further, in the fourth step, after the machine head is replaced by the ball end milling cutter, firstly, cutting is carried out on the tool path progressive compensation track far away from the tool path compensation track, then, cutting is carried out on the tool path progressive compensation tracks close to the tool path compensation track one by one until finally, cutting residues corresponding to the concave position of the processing model in the processed workpiece are cut on the tool path compensation track coincident with the processing tool path track.
Further, a cutting residual threshold value is set in the operating system, after the machining of the machined workpiece is finished according to the machining model by the machine tool, the actual volume of the machined workpiece after the machining is finished is obtained, the ideal volume of the machining model is obtained, when the actual volume of the machined workpiece after the machining is finished is larger than the ideal volume of the machining model, the actual volume of the machined workpiece after the machining is finished is compared with the ideal volume of the machining model, a corresponding difference value is obtained, the obtained difference value is compared with the cutting residual threshold value, and when the difference value is larger than the cutting residual threshold value, the third step and the fourth step are repeated; and when the difference is smaller than the cutting residual threshold value, finishing the cutting machining.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. a method for compensating for cutting residue in machining of a machine tool, which aims to further compensate for cutting residue generated on the surface of a workpiece after the surface of the workpiece is machined by the machine tool according to a machining model. Therefore, through the first step, the coordinate origin of the machining model and the coordinate origin of the machining workpiece are coincided with the mechanical coordinate origin of the machine tool, and convenience is brought to subsequent machining according to the corresponding tool path track established by the machining model. And matching a corresponding processing mode by using the processing technology library information according to the processing model to be processed and molded and the processing technology library information, wherein in the cutting processing technology, a processing tool path track corresponding to the processing model is obtained, and because the cutting of the cutter of the machine tool is carried out in a cutting processing process in a cutting path-by-path mode, the obtained processing tool path track is in a net form. In the second step, according to the obtained concave position of the machining model, the concave position of the tool path compensation track required to be established in the machining model is selected in the operating system, and after the interpolation height information is further input, the operating system establishes the corresponding tool path compensation track according to the concave position of the selected machining model.
2. After the information corresponding to the cutting processing of the workpiece is obtained, in the third step, because the surface of the processing model is mostly in a flat shape, after the machine tool cutter is replaced by the end milling cutter, the surface of the processing workpiece is cut according to the path of the processing cutter, the processing efficiency can be better improved, and meanwhile, the consumption caused by the damage of the cutter is reduced. The end of the vertical milling cutter is relatively flush, and when the vertical milling cutter is used for cutting concave points or concave positions of a machining model, cutting residues are inevitably generated. Therefore, by setting the fourth step, the machine tool is replaced by the ball-end milling cutter, the ball-end milling cutter performs re-cutting processing on the concave position of the corresponding processing model in the processed workpiece according to the tool path compensation track obtained in the second step, and the cutter face of the ball-end milling cutter is a spherical surface, so that the cutting residue at the concave position can be better compensated and cut when the concave position is cut, and the situation that the cutting residue occurs after the processed workpiece is cut is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the machining model and the machining tool path trajectory thereof according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the tool of the present invention simulating the operation of cutting a workpiece on a machining model.
In the figure: 1. processing the model; 2. concave points; 3. indenting; 4. processing a tool path track; 5. compensating the track of the cutter path; 6. the tool path progressively compensates the track; 7. edge contour spline curve; 8. a boundary intersection point; 9. and (4) a cutter.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments. In the present specification, the terms "upper", "inner", "middle", "left", "right" and "one" are used for clarity of description only, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the modifications may be regarded as the scope of the present invention without substantial technical changes.
Before disclosing the method for compensating for cutting residue in machine tool cutting according to the present invention, it should be particularly noted that the method is mainly directed to a method in which the surface of the machining model 1 is relatively flat and has a shape with a small number of pits 2 or dents 3. Meanwhile, the implementation of the cutting residue compensation method is mainly performed in an operating system, namely, POWERMILL software, the operating system is mainly inserted into or connected with a computer, a corresponding operating program is formed in a corresponding machining model 1 through corresponding operation, and after the operating program generated by the operating system is inserted into a machine tool through a corresponding plug-in component to operate, the machine tool can further perform a specified machining process or a machining method through the generated operating program to perform corresponding machining operation. The following is a detailed disclosure of the method for compensating for cutting residue according to the present invention:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, a cutting residue compensation method for machine tool cutting includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: arranging a processing workpiece on a machine tool working platform, enabling a workpiece coordinate origin of the processing workpiece to coincide with a mechanical coordinate origin of the machine tool in a tool setting mode, then acquiring a processing model 1 in an operating system, enabling a model coordinate origin of the processing model 1 to coincide with the workpiece coordinate origin of the processing workpiece, then acquiring processing tool magazine information and processing technology magazine information in a database, and acquiring a processing tool path track 4 of the processing tool magazine information according to the processing model 1;
step two: in an operating system, concave position information of a machining model 1 is obtained, a concave position of the machining model 1 is selected, interpolation height information is input, and a tool path compensation track 5 corresponding to the concave position of the machining model 1 is established;
step three: changing a cutter 9 of a machine tool head into an end mill according to the information of the machining process library and the information of the machining tool library, and then performing primary cutting machining on the surface of the machined workpiece according to the machining tool path track 4;
step four: and after the initial cutting machining is finished, replacing the cutter 9 of the machine tool head with a ball-end milling cutter according to the machining process library information and the machining tool library information, wherein the tool diameter of the replaced ball-end milling cutter is the same as that of the end milling cutter in the step three, and cutting the cutting residue corresponding to the concave position of the machining model 1 in the machined workpiece according to the tool path compensation track 5.
Specifically, the present invention aims to make it possible to further compensate for cutting residue generated on the surface of a workpiece after the surface of the workpiece is cut by a machine tool in accordance with a machining model 1. Therefore, through the first step, the coordinate origin of the machining model 1 and the coordinate origin of the machined workpiece are coincided with the mechanical coordinate origin of the machine tool, and convenience is provided for subsequent machining according to the corresponding tool path track established by the machining model 1. And then according to the machining model 1 to be machined and molded and the machining process library information, matching a corresponding machining mode by utilizing the machining process library information, wherein in a cutting machining process, a machining tool path 4 corresponding to the machining model 1 is obtained, and because the cutting tool 9 of the machine tool performs cutting machining in a cutting way in a tool path-by-tool path manner in the cutting machining process, the obtained machining tool path 4 is in a net shape. In the second step, according to the obtained concave position of the machining model 1, the concave position of the tool path compensation track 5 required to be established in the machining model 1 is selected in the operating system, and after interpolation height information is further input, the operating system establishes the corresponding tool path compensation track 5 according to the selected concave position of the machining model 1, and similarly, since the tool path cutting is performed in a tool path-tool path manner, the established tool path compensation track 5 is also in a net form.
After the information corresponding to the cutting process of the workpiece is obtained, in the third step, because the surface of the processing model 1 is mostly in a flat shape, after the machine tool 9 is replaced by the end milling cutter, the surface of the processed workpiece is cut according to the processing tool path track 4, the processing efficiency can be improved better, and meanwhile, the consumption caused by the damage of the tool 9 is reduced. The end of the end mill is relatively flush, and when the end mill is used for cutting and processing the concave points 2 or concave positions of the model 1, cutting residue can be avoided. Therefore, by setting the fourth step, the machine tool 9 is replaced by the ball-end milling cutter, the ball-end milling cutter performs re-cutting processing on the concave position corresponding to the processing model 1 in the processed workpiece according to the tool path compensation track 5 obtained in the second step, and the cutter face of the ball-end milling cutter is a spherical surface, so that when the concave position is cut, the cutting residue at the concave position can be compensated and cut better, and the situation that the cutting residue occurs after the processed workpiece is cut is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the second step, distance information between the machining tool path trajectory 4 and the surface of the machining model 1 is obtained, and the input interpolation height information is the same as the obtained distance information, so that the tool path compensation trajectory 5 corresponding to the concave position of the machining model 1 is established to coincide with the machining tool path trajectory 4. Specifically, by further limiting the second step, since the tool diameter of the ball end mill to be replaced in the fourth step is the same as that of the end mill in the third step, and the distance between the machining tool path trajectory 4 and the surface of the machining model 1, which is acquired by the operating system with respect to the machining model 1, is generally related to the tool diameter of the end mill, the occurrence of excessive or residual cutting in the cutting process using the ball end mill in the fourth step is reduced by making the distance between the established tool path compensation trajectory 5 and the surface of the machining model 1 equal to the distance between the machining tool path trajectory 4 and the surface of the machining model 1.
Meanwhile, in the second step, the tool path compensation track 5 is selected, and interpolation height information is input, wherein the input interpolation height information is 1/8-1/10 times of the tool diameter of the ball end mill in the fourth step. Interpolation quantity information is input at the same time, the number of the input interpolation quantity information is two in the embodiment, so that two tool path progressive compensation tracks 6 corresponding to the tool path interpolation tracks are established, the two tool path progressive compensation tracks 6 are arranged at equal intervals along the direction far away from the tool path compensation track 5, and the adjacent interval distance is the input interpolation height information.
Based on the establishment of the tool path progressive interpolation track, further in step four, after the machine head is replaced by the ball end mill, firstly, cutting is performed on the tool path progressive compensation track 6 far away from the tool path compensation track 5, then, cutting is performed on the tool path progressive compensation track 6 close to the tool path compensation track 5 one by one until finally, the cutting residue corresponding to the concave position of the machining model 1 in the machined workpiece is cut on the tool path compensation track 5 overlapped with the machining tool path track 4.
Specifically, in the second step, on the basis of establishing the tool path compensation path 5, a corresponding number of tool path progressive compensation paths 6 are further established, so that a plurality of paths which are distributed at intervals outside the concave position far away from the machining model 1 are established on the machining model 1, therefore, in the step four-way ball end mill, the concave position on the surface of the machined workpiece after the cutting machining in the third step is subjected to the cutting machining on the concave position on the tool path progressive compensation path 6 far away from the machining model 1, and then the concave position is subjected to the cutting machining on the tool path progressive compensation path 6 close to the surface of the machining model 1, and finally, the cutting residue corresponding to the concave position of the machining model 1 in the machined workpiece is subjected to the cutting machining on the tool path compensation path 5 which is overlapped with the machining tool path 4, so that the effect of cutting layer by layer is realized, on one hand, the cutting accuracy can be improved, and on the other hand, the condition that the tool 9 is abraded due to the overlarge cutting amount can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, before the third step, obtaining the information of the edge contour spline curve 7 of the concave position according to the concave position of the processing model 1, wherein the height of the distance between the edge contour spline curve 7 and the surface of the processing model 1 and the height of the distance between the processing tool path track 4 and the surface of the processing model 1 are equal, and obtaining the coordinate information of the boundary intersection point 8 between the edge contour spline curve 7 and the processing tool path track 4. Further acquiring spacing information between coordinates of two adjacent boundary intersection points 8 in each continuous processing tool path track 4, and judging whether the coordinates of the two adjacent boundary intersection points 8 are positioned on an edge contour spline curve 7 at the same concave position, if so, transmitting the acquired spacing information of the coordinates of the two adjacent boundary intersection points 8 to a database for storage; if not, abandoning; comparing data information of the coordinate intervals of the multiple adjacent boundary intersection points 8 stored in the database to obtain the maximum interval information between the coordinates of the adjacent boundary intersection points 8; and selecting the end mill replaced in the third step, wherein the tool diameter is smaller than half of the acquired distance information of the maximum adjacent boundary intersection point 8.
Specifically, the edge contour spline curve 7 is established in relation to the concave position of the machining model 1 in the operating system, and as the distance between the edge contour spline curve 7 and the surface of the machining model 1 and the distance between the machining tool path track 4 and the surface of the machining model 1 are equal in height, the edge contour spline curve 7 and the surface of the machining model 1 are located on the same plane or curved surface, the coordinate information of the boundary intersection point 8 between the edge contour spline curve 7 and the machining tool path track 4 is conveniently acquired, the maximum gap in the opening of the concave point 2 or the dent 3 in the machining model 1 is acquired through the acquired coordinate information of the boundary intersection point 8, the cutter diameter of the end mill used in the three steps is limited to be half of the acquired maximum adjacent gap, and therefore the cutting machining effectiveness of the concave position is improved in the cutting machining process.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the third step, when the tool 9 of the machine tool enters the concave position during the process that the machine tool cuts and processes the workpiece according to the primary processing tool path 4, the feeding speed of the machine tool is reduced; when the tool 9 of the machine tool moves out of the corresponding concave position, the feed speed of the machine tool is accelerated. Therefore, the function of speed reduction cutting can be realized when the cutting processing workpiece forms a corresponding concave position shape, and the cutting speed can be increased when the cutting processing workpiece forms a relatively flat surface, so that the condition that the machine tool 9 is abraded and even snapped due to instant displacement caused by the concave position in the high cutting process of the machine tool is reduced. Therefore, the corresponding concave position in the workpiece is cut by performing the speed reduction operation, thereby reducing the damage of the cutter 9.
In order to facilitate the machine tool to cut the corresponding concave position in the processed workpiece after the speed of the machine tool is reduced at a specific position, thereby realizing the function of standardized processing. In the third step, when the machine tool 9 performs cutting on a continuous machining tool path track 4 and the concave position of the machine tool 9 and the machining model 1 does not correspond temporarily, position information on the machining tool 9 track corresponding to the machine tool 9 is obtained, boundary intersection point 8 coordinate information close to the machine tool 9 on the machining tool path track 4 is obtained along the machine tool machining displacement direction, and whether the distance between the obtained boundary intersection point 8 coordinate information and the position information of the machining tool 9 track corresponding to the machine tool 9 is less than three times of the cutter diameter of the end mill is judged; if yes, reducing the feeding speed of the machine tool cutter 9 by 15% -25%; if not, the current feed speed of the machine tool 9 is maintained.
Similarly, in the third step, when the machine tool 9 performs cutting processing on a continuous processing tool path track 4 and the current machine tool 9 corresponds to the concave position of the processing model 1, position information on the track of the machine tool 9 corresponding to the processing tool 9 is obtained, coordinate information of a boundary intersection point 8 close to the machine tool 9 on the processing tool path track 4 is obtained along the machine tool processing displacement direction, and after the position information of the machine tool 9 is overlapped with the obtained coordinate information of the boundary intersection point 8; in the further cutting process, judging whether the distance between the coordinate information of the obtained boundary intersection point 8 and the position information of the path of the machine tool cutter 9 corresponding to the processing cutter 9 is more than three times of the cutter diameter of the end mill or not; if so, increasing the feed speed of the machine tool cutter 9 by 20-30%; if not, the current feed speed of the machine tool 9 is maintained.
After the operations of the first step to the fourth step in the method of the present invention, it is checked whether the shape formed by the cutting process on the processed workpiece is consistent with the surface shape of the processing model 1. Therefore, a cutting residual threshold value is set in the operating system, after the machine tool finishes cutting the machined workpiece according to the machining model 1, the actual volume of the machined workpiece after cutting is finished is obtained, the ideal volume of the machining model 1 is obtained, when the actual volume of the machined workpiece after cutting is finished is larger than the ideal volume of the machining model 1, the actual volume of the machined workpiece after cutting is compared with the ideal volume of the machining model 1, a corresponding difference value is obtained, the obtained difference value is compared with the cutting residual threshold value, and when the difference value is larger than the cutting residual threshold value, the third step and the fourth step are repeated; and when the difference value is smaller than the cutting residual threshold value, finishing the cutting process. In this way, by setting the cutting residual threshold value, it is determined whether or not the shape of the machined workpiece after the cutting is close to the surface shape of the machining model 1, thereby achieving an effect of improving the quality of the cutting.
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and according to the above-mentioned contents of the present invention, the present invention can be modified, substituted or combined in other various forms without departing from the basic technical idea of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for compensating for cutting residue in cutting machining of a machine tool, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: arranging a machining workpiece on a machine tool working platform, enabling a workpiece coordinate origin of the machining workpiece to coincide with a mechanical coordinate origin of a machine tool in a tool setting mode, then acquiring a machining model in an operating system, enabling a model coordinate origin of the machining model to coincide with the workpiece coordinate origin of the machining workpiece, then acquiring machining tool magazine information and machining process magazine information in a database, and acquiring a machining tool path track of the machining tool path track according to the machining model;
step two: in an operating system, concave position information of a machining model is obtained, a concave position of the machining model is selected, interpolation height information is input, and a tool path compensation track corresponding to the concave position of the machining model is established;
step three: replacing a cutter of a machine tool head with an end milling cutter according to the processing technology library information and the processing tool library information, and then performing primary cutting processing on the surface of a processed workpiece according to the processing tool path track;
step four: and after the initial cutting machining is finished, replacing the cutter of the machine tool head with the ball-end milling cutter according to the machining process library information and the machining cutter library information, wherein the cutter diameter of the replaced ball-end milling cutter is the same as that of the end milling cutter in the step three, and cutting the cutting residue corresponding to the concave position of the machining model in the machined workpiece according to the cutter path compensation track.
2. The method of compensating for cutting residue in cutting work by a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, when the cutter of the machine tool enters the concave position in the process of cutting the workpiece by the machine tool according to the path of the primary machining tool path, the feeding speed of the machine tool is reduced; when the tool of the machine tool moves out of the corresponding concave position, the feed speed of the machine tool is accelerated.
3. The method of compensating for cutting residue in cutting work by a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: before the third step, obtaining the edge contour spline curve information of the concave position according to the concave position of the processing model, wherein the equal height of the distance between the edge contour spline curve and the surface of the processing model and the distance between the path of the processing tool and the surface of the processing model is equal to the equal height, and obtaining the boundary intersection point coordinate information between the edge contour spline curve and the path of the processing tool.
4. A cutting residue compensation method for machine tool cutting processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the third step, when the machine tool cutter performs cutting machining on a continuous machining tool path track and the concave position of the current machine tool cutter and the machining model is not corresponding temporarily, acquiring position information on the machining tool path track corresponding to the machine tool cutter, acquiring boundary intersection point coordinate information close to the machine tool cutter on the machining tool path track along the machining displacement direction of the machine tool, and judging whether the distance between the acquired boundary intersection point coordinate information and the position information of the machining tool track corresponding to the machine tool cutter is less than three times of the cutter diameter of the end mill; if yes, reducing the feed speed of the machine tool cutter by 15% -25%; if not, the current feed speed of the machine tool cutter is kept.
5. The method of compensating for cutting residue in cutting work by a machine tool according to claim 4, wherein: in the third step, when the machine tool cutter performs cutting processing on a continuous processing tool path track and the current machine tool cutter corresponds to the concave position of the processing model, acquiring position information of the machine tool cutter on the corresponding processing tool path track, acquiring boundary intersection point coordinate information close to the machine tool cutter on the processing tool path track along the processing displacement direction of the machine tool, and after the position information of the machine tool cutter is superposed with the acquired boundary intersection point coordinate information; in the further cutting process, judging whether the distance between the acquired boundary intersection point coordinate information and the position information of the corresponding processing cutter track of the machine tool cutter is more than three times of the cutter diameter of the end mill; if so, increasing the feed speed of the machine tool cutter by 20-30%; if not, the current feed speed of the machine tool cutter is maintained.
6. A cutting residue compensation method for machine tool cutting processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: acquiring the distance between two adjacent boundary intersection point coordinates in each continuous processing tool path track, and judging whether the two adjacent boundary intersection point coordinates are positioned on an edge contour spline curve of the same concave position or not, if so, transmitting the acquired distance information of the two adjacent boundary intersection point coordinates to a database for storage; if not, abandoning; comparing data information of coordinate intervals of a plurality of adjacent boundary intersection points stored in the database to obtain the maximum interval information between the adjacent boundary intersection point coordinates; and selecting the end milling cutter replaced in the third step, wherein the tool diameter is smaller than half of the acquired maximum adjacent boundary intersection point distance information.
7. The method of compensating for cutting residue in cutting work by a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, distance information between the machining tool path track and the surface of the machining model is obtained, and the input interpolation height information is the same as the obtained distance information, so that the tool path compensation track corresponding to the concave position of the machining model is superposed with the machining tool path track.
8. The method of compensating for cutting residue in cutting work by a machine tool according to claim 7, wherein: in the second step, a tool path compensation track is selected, and interpolation height information is input, wherein the input interpolation height information is 1/8-1/10 times of the tool diameter of the ball-end milling cutter in the fourth step; and simultaneously inputting interpolation quantity information, establishing corresponding quantity of tool path progressive compensation tracks corresponding to the tool path interpolation tracks, wherein the corresponding quantity of tool path progressive compensation tracks are arranged at equal intervals along the direction far away from the tool path compensation tracks, and the adjacent interval distance is the input interpolation height information.
9. The method of compensating for cutting residue in cutting work by a machine tool according to claim 8, wherein: in the fourth step, after the machine head is replaced by the ball-end milling cutter, firstly, cutting is carried out on the tool path progressive compensation track far away from the tool path compensation track, then, cutting is carried out on the tool path progressive compensation tracks close to the tool path compensation track one by one until finally, cutting residues corresponding to the concave position of the processing model in the processed workpiece are cut on the tool path compensation track coincident with the processing tool path track.
10. The method of compensating for cutting residue in cutting work by a machine tool according to claim 9, wherein: setting a cutting residual threshold value in an operating system, obtaining the actual volume of the machined workpiece after the cutting machining is finished after the machine tool finishes the cutting machining of the machined workpiece according to the machining model, obtaining the ideal volume of the machining model, comparing the actual volume of the machined workpiece after the cutting machining with the ideal volume of the machining model to obtain a corresponding difference value when the actual volume of the machined workpiece after the cutting machining is finished is larger than the ideal volume of the machining model, comparing the obtained difference value with the cutting residual threshold value, and repeating the third step and the fourth step when the difference value is larger than the cutting residual threshold value; and when the difference is smaller than the cutting residual threshold value, finishing the cutting machining.
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