CN115212493A - Novel fire extinguishing system and method suitable for oil-immersed transformer - Google Patents
Novel fire extinguishing system and method suitable for oil-immersed transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN115212493A CN115212493A CN202210521403.5A CN202210521403A CN115212493A CN 115212493 A CN115212493 A CN 115212493A CN 202210521403 A CN202210521403 A CN 202210521403A CN 115212493 A CN115212493 A CN 115212493A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/05—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/12—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel fire extinguishing system and method suitable for an oil immersed transformer, wherein the system comprises: the fire extinguishing system comprises a fire extinguishing medium supply device, a control device and a plurality of tail end releasing devices, wherein the control device is connected with the fire extinguishing medium supply device, and the fire extinguishing supply device is connected with the tail end releasing devices through pipelines; the periphery of the oil immersed transformer body is provided with oil pits, the tail end release device comprises a first spray head arranged towards the upper surface of the oil immersed transformer body, a second spray head arranged towards the peripheral surface of the oil immersed transformer body, a third spray head arranged towards the oil pits and a spray head arranged towards an oil conservator of the oil immersed transformer, and efficient fire extinguishing is realized; the fire extinguishing medium supply device comprises two proportional mixing devices, one is used for standby, and when one of the proportional mixing devices fails, the fire extinguishing medium is output through the other standby proportional mixing device, so that the fire extinguishing reliability is improved; the pipeline pipe shaft and the pipeline joint are coated with fireproof paint for protection, so that the instantaneous high temperature of the transformer body caused by fire and deflagration can be effectively resisted, and the pipeline crack can be obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire fighting, in particular to a novel fire extinguishing system and method suitable for an oil-immersed transformer.
Background
The oil-immersed transformer is one of core equipment of a transformer substation and a converter station, and the safe and stable operation of the oil-immersed transformer is the basis of the normal operation of a power transmission system. The insulating and heat transfer medium in the oil-immersed transformer is liquid insulating oil, the ignition point is high, the heat value is large, the possibility of fire exists, and once the fire occurs, the oil-immersed transformer is large in quantity, large in quantity and dense in arrangement, so that huge economic loss is easily caused, and the stable operation of a power grid is seriously threatened.
The fixed fire extinguishing system of the oil immersed transformer is mainly a water spray fire extinguishing system and a foam spray fire extinguishing system. The water spray fire extinguishing system is developed on the basis of an automatic water spray fire extinguishing system, is mainly used for places where fire spreading is fast but the automatic water spray fire extinguishing system is difficult to protect, can be suitable for class C liquid fire and electric fire, and is the earliest fixed fire extinguishing system applied to large-scale oil-filled equipment fire fighting.
At present, the first mode for fire protection of oil immersed transformers of transformer substations and converter stations and fire protection of buildings is a water spray fire extinguishing system. According to statistics, the water spray fixed fire extinguishing system in the fire extinguishing system of the oil immersed transformer of the existing transformer substation and the converter station with the voltage of 500kV or more accounts for more than 60%. In recent years, fire accidents of oil immersed transformers of transformer substations and converter stations frequently occur, and the existing case of the fire accidents shows that the existing water spray fire extinguishing system arranged on the oil immersed transformers of the transformer substations and the converter stations cannot meet the fire extinguishing requirement for extinguishing high-temperature hot oil fire of large-scale oil-filled equipment.
For example, in the related art, the utility model with the authority bulletin number of CN213555020U discloses a fire extinguishing system for an outdoor oil-immersed transformer of a power grid, which comprises a fixed support, a pipe network, a water mist spray head and a pump set mechanism, wherein the fixed support is installed outside the oil-immersed transformer, the pipe network is installed on the fixed support, a plurality of water mist spray heads facing the oil-immersed transformer are uniformly arranged on the pipe network, the inlet of the pipe network is connected with the pump set mechanism, which comprises a water tank and a fire extinguishing agent tank, and the pump set mechanism is used for conveying a mixture of water and an additive to the pipe network and the water mist spray head; the pump set mechanism is electrically connected with the pump set mechanism. The flame penetrating power of better fine water mist drops is formed by arranging a matrix type pipe network and a spray head, designing the spraying strength of a fine water mist system, controlling the flow of a pump set and adding a special fire extinguishing agent. On one hand, the matrix type pipe network and the spray head are easy to be influenced by instantaneous high temperature of transformer deflagration to cause pipeline rupture so as to cause failure of the fire extinguishing system or the spray head is damaged due to continuous high temperature firing of fire or falls to cause pipeline decompression of the fire extinguishing system to lose great weakening fire extinguishing effect, so that the reliability is lower; on the other hand, although the whole flow is increased by the design mode, the influence of environmental wind on the water mist range and the coverage range cannot be solved, and the effective flow of the actual coverage transformer is difficult to ensure, so that the fire suppression device is difficult to cover the fire disaster of high-temperature hot oil fire of large-scale oil-filled equipment.
Therefore, the water spray fixed fire extinguishing system for the transformer station and the oil immersed transformer area of the converter station has the following problems:
(1) At present, more than 60% of fire extinguishing systems in oil immersed transformer areas of operation transformer stations and converter stations are water spray fire extinguishing systems, the main design basis is GB 502192014-Water spray fire extinguishing System technical Specification, main design parameters are obtained according to small oil pan fire tests, and the consideration of complex structure of large oil-filled equipment and cooling after fire extinguishing is lacked when the protection area (full coverage mode) is calculated. The typical case of fire accident shows that the system is difficult to cover the fire fighting of high-temperature hot oil fire of large oil-filled equipment.
(2) At present, the regional pipelines around the main transformer of the water spray fire extinguishing system of the oil immersed transformer of the operation transformer station and the converter station are connected by a clamp, and the pipeline does not have high temperature resistance, and is easy to crack due to huge shearing effect generated after the pipeline is filled with water at the moment of starting the system at the initial stage of fire, so that the whole failure of the fire extinguishing system is caused.
(3) At present, a terminal release device in the surrounding area of a main transformer of a water spray fire extinguishing system for large oil-filled equipment of a transformer substation is a copper pressure spray head (the melting point of copper is 1000 ℃, the temperature in a fire process is often over 1200 ℃), and the copper pressure spray head is easy to melt or fall off when meeting high temperature, so that the system is directly failed.
(4) The oil immersed transformer is easy to cause the fire-fighting spray head and the branch pipe to fall off in the initial stage of fire, and the whole fire extinguishing system fails due to the pressure loss of the fire extinguishing system.
In conclusion, the regional water spray fixed fire extinguishing system for the oil immersed transformer of the transformer substation and the converter station has the problems of low fire extinguishing efficiency and poor fire extinguishing effectiveness and reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to improve the effectiveness and reliability of the fire extinguishing system of the oil-immersed transformer area.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
in one aspect, the present invention employs a novel fire suppression system suitable for oil immersed transformers, the fire suppression system comprising: the fire extinguishing system comprises a fire extinguishing medium supply device, a control device and a plurality of tail end release devices, wherein the control device is connected with the fire extinguishing medium supply device, and the fire extinguishing supply device is connected with the tail end release devices through pipelines;
oil pits are arranged around the oil-immersed transformer body, the tail end releasing device comprises a first sprayer arranged beside a sleeve and a sleeve lifting seat, a second sprayer arranged in a middle layer and a third sprayer arranged on the oil pit layer, the first sprayer faces the upper surface of the oil-immersed transformer body, the second sprayer faces the circumferential surface of the oil-immersed transformer body, and the third sprayer faces the oil pits.
According to the invention, by combining the structural arrangement characteristics and the fire scene of the oil-immersed transformer body, the sleeve lifting seat and the like are weak parts of the oil-immersed transformer body, the weak parts are most likely to cause fire and deflagration firstly, the first spray heads are arranged beside the sleeve and the sleeve lifting seat and face the upper surface of the oil-immersed transformer body, and the fire protection on the weak parts can be enhanced and the fire extinguishing efficiency can be improved by arranging the first spray heads. And lay terminal release on fire extinguishing systems top layer, intermediate level and oil pit layer, solved that current water spray fire extinguishing efficiency is not high, the water consumption is big, and foam spray individual layer shower nozzle arranges and can't cover the special position of box to can't effectively put out a fire not enough and the defect, realized high-efficient putting out a fire, improve the reliability of putting out a fire.
Further, the number n1 of the first spray heads is greater than or equal to η q1 × a × B ÷ K1, wherein η is an amplification coefficient, K1 is a flow rate of the first spray heads, q1 is a minimum design strength of a top area or a conservator area of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, a is a width of the oil-immersed transformer body, and B is a length of the oil-immersed transformer body;
the number n2 of the second spray heads is more than or equal to q2 x [ (A + B) H/x 1] ÷ K2, wherein x1 is the number of layers of the middle layer, K2 is the flow rate of the second spray heads, q2 is the lowest design strength of the side wall area of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, and H is the height of the oil-immersed transformer body;
the number n3 of the third spray heads is more than or equal to q3 multiplied by S3 ÷ K3, wherein K3 is the flow of the third spray heads, S3 is the area of an oil pit, S3= C multiplied by D-A multiplied by B, and q3 is the lowest design strength of the oil pit area.
Further, the number of the first spray heads and the number of the second spray heads which are arranged towards the long side of the oil-immersed transformer body are both at least 2, and the number of the first spray heads and the number of the second spray heads which are arranged towards the short side of the oil-immersed transformer body are both at least one;
the number of the third spray heads arranged towards the long side of the oil pit is at least 2, and the number of the third spray heads arranged towards the short side of the oil pit is at least one;
the distance between the adjacent first spray heads, the distance between the adjacent second spray heads and the distance between the adjacent third spray heads are greater than or equal to 0.8m.
Further, the fire extinguishing supply device comprises a fire pool, an electric fire pump, a first proportional mixing device, a fire extinguishing agent storage tank, a flow regulating valve, a flow meter and a deluge valve, and the pipelines comprise a first fire fighting pipeline, a second fire fighting pipeline, a main fire fighting pipeline and a branch fire fighting pipeline;
the water outlet of the fire-fighting pool is connected to the water inlet connector of the electric fire-fighting pump through the first fire-fighting pipeline, the water outlet connector of the electric fire-fighting pump is connected to the inlet of the first proportional mixing device through the first fire-fighting pipeline, the first proportional mixing device is connected with the fire extinguishing agent storage tank, the outlet of the first proportional mixing device is connected to the inlet of the flow regulating valve through the second fire-fighting pipeline, the outlet of the flow regulating valve is sequentially connected with the flow meter and the inlet of the deluge valve through the second fire-fighting pipeline, and the outlet of the deluge valve is connected with the main fire-fighting pipeline through the second fire-fighting pipeline;
the fire-fighting main pipeline is arranged on the fire walls on two sides of the oil-immersed transformer body, one end of the fire-fighting branch pipe is connected to the fire-fighting main pipeline, and the other end of the fire-fighting branch pipe is connected to the tail end releasing device.
Furthermore, a first gate valve is arranged on the first fire fighting pipeline between the water outlet of the fire fighting pool and the water inlet joint of the electric fire fighting pump, the water outlet of the first gate valve is connected with the water inlet of a second gate valve, and the water outlet of the second gate valve is connected with a first pressure gauge;
the control device is connected with the driving end of the electric fire pump through a motor, a first check valve and a fourth gate valve are sequentially arranged on the second fire fighting pipeline between the water outlet joint of the electric fire pump and the inlet of the first proportional mixing device, the water outlet joint of the electric fire pump is connected with the water inlet of a third gate valve, and the water outlet of the third gate valve is connected with a second pressure gauge;
the outlet of the first proportional mixing device is connected with the inlet of a filter through the second fire fighting pipeline, the outlet of the filter is connected with the inlet of the flow regulating valve, a sixth gate valve is connected onto the second fire fighting pipeline between the flowmeter and the deluge valve, the sixth gate valve is connected with a third pressure gauge, and a second check valve is connected between the outlet of the first proportional mixing device and the filter.
Further, the fire extinguishing system also comprises a second proportional mixing device, the first check valve is connected to the inlet of the second proportional mixing device through a fifth gate valve, and the outlet of the second proportional mixing device is connected to the filter through a third check valve;
the second proportional mixing device is connected with the fire extinguishing agent storage tank.
Furthermore, fire walls are arranged on two outer sides of the oil pit, at least three main fire fighting pipelines are distributed on the side faces of the fire walls, and all the main fire fighting pipelines are connected with one another;
fireproof paint is coated on the joints among the main fire fighting pipelines, the joints between the main fire fighting branch pipes and the main fire fighting pipeline, the pipe body of the main fire fighting pipeline and the pipe body of the branch fire fighting pipes;
the fireproof coating is an expansion type outdoor fireproof coating with the fire endurance of not less than 2h, the fireproof coating thickness is not less than 2mm, and the requirement of high temperature resistance of the pipeline with the dry burning temperature of 1200 ℃ of not less than 3min is met.
Furthermore, the connection mode between the main fire fighting pipelines adopts flanges or welding or hoops, the main fire fighting pipelines and the connection mode between the fire fighting branch pipes adopt threads or welding.
Further, the tail end releasing device adopts a centrifugal atomized water mist nozzle.
Furthermore, the fire extinguishing medium stored in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank adopts a water system fire extinguishing agent or a low-power water film-forming foam extinguishing agent or a low-power fluoroprotein foam extinguishing agent or a low-power synthetic foam extinguishing agent.
Further, the pipeline and the electric fire pump are selected according to the minimum design strength of the total flow of the fire extinguishing system, and the minimum design strength Q of the total flow of the fire extinguishing system is represented by the following formula:
Q＝Q3+Q4
Q3＝max(Q1，Q2)
Q4＝S4×q1
Q1＝S1×q1+S2×q2+S3×q3；
Q2＝n1×K1+2×x1×n2×K2+n3×K3
the oil-immersed transformer oil tank side area is S1, the oil-immersed transformer oil tank side area is S2, the oil-immersed transformer oil pit area is S3, the oil-immersed transformer oil conservator area protection area is S4, the oil-immersed transformer oil tank top area or the oil conservator area is the minimum design strength, the oil-immersed transformer oil tank side wall (four side surfaces) area is the minimum design strength, the oil-immersed transformer oil conservator area is q2, the oil-immersed transformer oil tank side wall (four side surfaces) area is the minimum design strength, the oil-immersed transformer oil pit area is q3, the first spray head number is n1, the second spray head number is n2, the third spray head number is n3, and the first spray head, the second spray head and the third spray head are respectively arranged at K1, K2 and K3.
On the other hand, a novel fire extinguishing system construction method suitable for the oil-immersed transformer is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the number of the tail end releasing devices based on the size, the protection area and the minimum design strength of the oil-immersed transformer body;
calculating the minimum design strength of the total flow of the fire extinguishing system based on the total flow design strength of the oil-immersed transformer body and the protection area strength of the conservator area;
based on the minimum design intensity of the total flow of the fire extinguishing system and the number of the tail end releasing devices, the device used for constructing the novel fire extinguishing system suitable for the oil-immersed transformer body is selected.
Further, the calculating the number of the terminal releasing devices based on the size, the protection area and the minimum design strength of the oil-immersed transformer body comprises:
calculating the number n1 of the first spray heads to be more than or equal to eta q1 multiplied by A multiplied by B divided by K1, wherein eta is an amplification coefficient, K1 is the flow of the first spray heads, q1 is the lowest design strength of the top area or the conservator area of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, A is the width of the oil-immersed transformer body, and B is the length of the oil-immersed transformer body;
calculating the number n2 of the second spray heads to be more than or equal to q2 x [ (A + B) H/x 1] ÷ K2, wherein x1 is the number of layers of the middle layer, K2 is the flow rate of the second spray heads, q2 is the minimum design strength of the side wall (four side faces) area of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, and H is the height of the oil-immersed transformer body;
calculating the number n3 of the third spray heads to be more than or equal to q3 multiplied by S3 divided by K3, wherein K3 is the flow of the third spray heads, S3 is the oil pit area, S3= C multiplied by D-A multiplied by B, and q3 is the lowest design strength of the oil pit area of the oil-immersed transformer;
the number of the end release devices is calculated to be N = N1+2 × x1 × N2+ N3 based on the number of the first spray heads, the number of the second spray heads, and the number of the third spray heads.
Further, the calculation formula of the total flow minimum design strength Q of the fire extinguishing system is as follows:
Q＝Q3+Q4
Q3＝max(Q1，Q2)
Q4＝S4×q1
Q1＝S1×q1+S2×q2+S3×q3；
Q2＝n1×K1+2×x1×n2×K2+n3×K3
the oil tank area protection method comprises the following steps that S1 is the area of an oil pit at the top of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, S2 is the area of the surface area side of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, S3 is the area of the oil pit of the oil-immersed transformer, S4 is the area of a protection area of an oil conservator area of the oil-immersed transformer, q1 is the lowest design strength of the top area or the area of the oil conservator area of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, q2 is the lowest design strength of the oil tank area of the side wall of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, q3 is the lowest design strength of the oil conservator area of the oil-immersed transformer, n1 is the number of first spray heads, n2 is the number of second spray heads, n3 is the number of third spray heads, and K1, K2 and K3 are respectively the flow rates of the first spray heads, the second spray heads and the third spray heads.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the invention, by combining the structural arrangement characteristics and the fire scene of the oil-immersed transformer body, the sleeve lifting seat and the like are weak parts of the oil-immersed transformer body, the weak parts are most likely to cause fire and deflagration firstly, the first spray heads are arranged beside the sleeve and the sleeve lifting seat and face the upper surface of the oil-immersed transformer body, and the fire protection on the weak parts can be enhanced and the fire extinguishing efficiency can be improved by arranging the first spray heads. Set up second shower nozzle and third shower nozzle respectively to oil-immersed transformer side and oil pit area simultaneously to the fire extinguishing agent of difference passes through the minimum design intensity of physical test definite first shower nozzle, second shower nozzle and third shower nozzle, has solved that current water spray efficiency of putting out a fire is not high, the water consumption is big, and foam spraying individual layer shower nozzle arranges and can't cover box special parts, thereby design that can't effectively put out a fire is not enough and the defect, realizes the high efficiency and puts out a fire, improves the reliability of putting out a fire.
(2) According to the invention, two proportional mixing devices are arranged, one is used for the next, when a single proportional mixing device breaks down, the other is used for outputting the fire extinguishing medium to extinguish the fire, and the reliability is high.
(3) Because oil-immersed transformer body conflagration often begins with the detonation, in case the conflagration breaks out, the temperature reaches more than 1000 ℃ in the twinkling of an eye, through junction between the main pipeline of fire control, main pipeline of fire control and fire branch pipe junction, main pipeline of fire control pipe shaft and fire branch pipe shaft apply paint fire prevention coating with a brush and protect, can effectively resist oil-immersed transformer body conflagration high temperature in the twinkling of an eye, showing to reduce because of the pipeline bursts apart, the damage of branch pipe or shower nozzle or drop etc. and arouse the risk that fire extinguishing system part became invalid or wholly became invalid, the reliability is high.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a novel fire extinguishing system for an oil-immersed transformer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a starting principle of a novel fire extinguishing system using an oil-immersed transformer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fire extinguishing result of the novel fire extinguishing system using the oil-immersed transformer according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a control method of a novel fire extinguishing system using an oil-immersed transformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of the protection area of the oil-immersed transformer in the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-oil-immersed transformer, 2-firewall, 3-main fire-fighting pipe, 301-main fire-fighting pipe connection, 302-first pipe connection, 303-second pipe connection, 4-branch fire-fighting pipe, 401-main fire-fighting pipe connection, 5-end release device, 601-deluge valve, 7-electric fire pump, 8-fire pool, 9-first fire-fighting pipe, 1001-first gate valve, 1002-second gate valve, 1003-third gate valve, 1004-fourth gate valve, 1005-fifth gate valve, 1006-sixth gate valve, 1101-first pressure gauge, 1102-second pressure gauge, 1103-third pressure gauge, 1201-first check valve, 1202-second check valve, 1203-third check valve, 1301-first proportional mixing device, 1302-second proportional mixing device, 14-fire extinguishing agent storage tank, 15-motor, 16-second fire-fighting pipe, 17-filter, 18-flow regulating valve, 1901-first rectifying section, 1301-second rectifying section, and 20-1902-flowmeter.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a novel fire extinguishing system suitable for an oil immersed transformer, the fire extinguishing system including: the fire extinguishing system comprises a fire extinguishing medium supply device, a control device and a plurality of tail end releasing devices 5, wherein the control device is connected with the fire extinguishing medium supply device, and the fire extinguishing supply device is connected with the tail end releasing devices 5 through pipelines;
oil pits are arranged around the oil-immersed transformer 1 body, the tail end release device 5 comprises a first spray head arranged beside a sleeve and a sleeve lifting seat, a second spray head arranged in a middle layer and a third spray head arranged on an oil pit layer, the first spray head faces the upper surface of the oil-immersed transformer 1 body, the second spray head faces the circumferential surface of the oil-immersed transformer 1 body, and the third spray head faces the oil pits.
It should be noted that, this embodiment combines 1 body structural arrangement characteristics of oil-immersed transformer and fire scene, consider that sleeve pipe, sleeve pipe rising seat etc. are the weak position of 1 body of oil-immersed transformer, these weak positions are the conflagration and the detonation of most probably taking place earlier, consequently rise the other first shower nozzle of arranging of seat at sleeve pipe and sleeve pipe, when the conflagration breaing out, first shower nozzle can spray extinguishing medium and put out a fire, can strengthen the fire protection to weak position through setting up first shower nozzle, improve the efficiency of putting out a fire.
And moreover, the tail end release devices 5 are arranged on the top layer, the middle layer and the oil pit layer of the fire extinguishing system, and the layering of the tail end release devices 5 and the separate design of different areas of the sub-transformer can realize the full coverage of different dangerous areas, save the flow of the fire extinguishing agent and have good economical efficiency. The minimum design strength of the first spray head, the second spray head and the third spray head is determined through physical tests aiming at different fire extinguishing agents, the problems that the existing water spray fire extinguishing efficiency is not high, the water consumption is large, and the foam spray single-layer spray head cannot cover special parts of a box body due to the arrangement are solved, so that the design defect that the fire cannot be effectively extinguished is insufficient and the defect that the fire is effectively extinguished, the efficient fire extinguishing is realized, the water consumption is saved, the fire extinguishing reliability is improved, the whole engineering transformation amount is small, and the economical efficiency is good.
In an embodiment, the number n1 of the first spray heads is greater than or equal to η q1 × a × B ÷ K1, wherein η is an amplification coefficient, K1 is a flow rate of the first spray heads, q1 is a minimum design strength of a top area or a conservator area of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, a is a width of the oil-immersed transformer body, and B is a length of the oil-immersed transformer body;
the number n2 of the second spray heads is more than or equal to q2 x [ (A + B) H ÷ x1] ÷ K2, wherein x1 is the number of layers of the middle layer, K2 is the flow rate of the second spray heads, q2 is the lowest design strength of an oil tank area on the side wall (four side faces) of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, and H is the height of the oil-immersed transformer body;
the number n3 of the third spray heads is more than or equal to q3 multiplied by S3/K3, wherein K3 is the flow of the third spray heads, S3 is the area of an oil pit, S3= C multiplied by D-A multiplied by B, and q3 is the lowest design strength of the oil pit area of the oil-immersed transformer.
In this embodiment, the value range of the flow K1 of the first nozzle is as follows: 30. 40, 50, 63, 78, 99, 125, 159 (atomization angle: 60 degrees or 90 degrees or 120 degrees), 15, 45, 200 (atomization angle: 120 degrees), 178, 200 (atomization angle: 120 degrees) and 220 (atomization angle: 60 degrees), wherein the number n1 of the spray heads is not less than 6, the number of the first spray heads arranged towards the long side of the transformer body is at least 2, the number of the first spray heads arranged towards the short side of the transformer body is at least one, and the distance between the adjacent first spray heads is not less than 0.8m, so that a good enveloping effect is achieved.
The value range of the flow K2 of the second spray head is as follows: 30. 40, 50, 63, 78, 99, 125, 159 (atomization angle: 60 degrees or 90 degrees or 120 degrees), 15, 45, 200 (atomization angle: 120 degrees), 178, 200 (atomization angle: 120 degrees) and 220 (atomization angle: 60 degrees), wherein the number n2 of the second spray heads is not less than 6, the number of the second spray heads arranged towards the long side of the transformer is at least 2, the number of the second spray heads arranged towards the short side of the transformer body is at least one, a good enveloping effect is achieved, and the distance between every two adjacent spray heads is not less than 0.8m.
The value range of the flow K3 of the third spray head is as follows: 15. 30, 40, 45, 50, 63, 78, 99, 125, 159, 178, 200 (atomization angle: 120 degrees), 15, 45 and 200 (atomization angle: 120 degrees), wherein the number n3 of the third spray nozzles is not less than 6, the number of the third spray nozzles arranged towards the long side of the oil pit is at least 2, the number of the third spray nozzles arranged towards the short side of the oil pit is at least one, a good enveloping effect is achieved, the distance between every two adjacent third spray nozzles is not less than 0.8m, and the atomization angle is 120 degrees, so that the coverage area of a single-layer spray nozzle is enough.
It should be noted that the envelope design method of the embodiment includes the design and calculation of the top layer, the middle layer and the oil pit layer of the fire extinguishing system, and the optimal arrangement number of the nozzles can be calculated, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency and the fire extinguishing effect are ensured, and the economic cost is also considered.
The significant difference between the intensity calculation and the foam spray and foam fire extinguishing system in the embodiment is that: the design method has the advantages that the top area, the side surface, the oil pit and the conservator area of the oil tank are designed and calculated independently according to different fire risks, the disadvantages that a foam spraying or foam fire extinguishing system only considers full coverage (only the top area and the oil pit area of the oil tank are considered), the side surface of the oil tank cannot be covered by adopting single-layer arrangement, and meanwhile, the design strength of different parts is not combined with the fire risk consideration can be avoided;
the intensity calculation in this example differs significantly from water-spray fire suppression systems in that: the design is with regional independent design calculation according to the different danger of conflagration with oil tank top, oil tank side, oil pit and conservator, only as global design with the oil tank body when can avoiding water spray fire extinguishing systems design, do not consider the different position (top, side) conflagration dangerousness differences of oil tank body, carry out the pertinence design, because of improper the design cause put out a fire the difficulty or design intensity is too big to cause economic nature poor easily, fail to consider moreover to the regional area of conservator with carry out the pertinence design.
Furthermore, the amplification coefficient eta is more than or equal to 1.15 in consideration of the protruding parts of the lifting seat, the sleeve and the like on the top of the oil tank and the high danger.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the fire-fighting supply device comprises a fire pool 8, an electric fire pump 7, a first proportional mixing device 1301, a fire-extinguishing agent storage tank 14, a flow regulating valve 18, a flow meter 20 and a deluge valve 601, the pipes comprising a first fire-fighting pipe 9, a second fire-fighting pipe 16, a main fire-fighting pipe 3 and a branch fire-fighting pipe 4;
the water outlet of the fire-fighting water tank 8 is connected to the water inlet joint of the electric fire-fighting pump 7 through the first fire-fighting pipeline 9, the water outlet joint of the electric fire-fighting pump 7 is connected to the inlet of the first proportional mixing device 1301 through the first fire-fighting pipeline 9, the first proportional mixing device 1301 is connected to the fire-extinguishing agent storage tank 14, the outlet of the first proportional mixing device 1301 is connected to the inlet of the flow regulating valve 18 through the second fire-fighting pipeline 16, the outlet of the flow regulating valve 18 is sequentially connected to the flow meter 20 and the inlet of the deluge valve 601 through the second fire-fighting pipeline 16, and the outlet of the deluge valve 601 is connected to the fire-fighting main pipeline 3 through the second fire-fighting pipeline 16;
the fire fighting main pipeline 3 is arranged on the fire prevention walls 2 on two sides of the oil immersed transformer 1 body, and one end of the fire fighting branch pipe 4 is connected to the fire fighting main pipeline 3 and the other end of the fire fighting branch pipe is connected to the tail end releasing device 5.
In one embodiment, a first gate valve 1001 is arranged on the first fire fighting pipeline 9 between the water outlet of the fire pool 8 and the water inlet joint of the electric fire pump 7, the water outlet of the first gate valve 1001 is connected with the water inlet of a second gate valve 1002, and the water outlet of the second gate valve 1002 is connected with a first pressure gauge 1101;
the control device is connected with the driving end of the electric fire pump 7 through a motor 15, a first check valve 1201 and a fourth gate valve 1004 are sequentially arranged on the second fire-fighting pipeline 16 between the water outlet joint of the electric fire pump 7 and the inlet of the first proportional mixing device 1301, the water outlet joint of the electric fire pump 7 is connected with the water inlet of a third gate valve 1003, and the water outlet of the third gate valve 1003 is connected with a second pressure gauge 1102;
the outlet of the first proportional mixing device 1301 is connected with the inlet of a filter 17 through the second fire fighting pipeline 16, the outlet of the filter 17 is connected with the inlet of the flow regulating valve 18, a sixth gate valve 1006 is connected on the second fire fighting pipeline 16 between the flowmeter 20 and the deluge valve 601, the sixth gate valve 1006 is connected with a third pressure gauge 1103, and a second check valve 1202 is connected between the outlet of the first proportional mixing device 1301 and the filter 17.
It should be noted that the proportional mixing device is a pressure type proportional mixing device, a pressure balance type proportional mixing device, a metering injection type proportional mixing device or a mechanical pumping type proportional mixing device.
It should be noted that, in practical application, the start principle of the fire extinguishing system is as shown in fig. 2, the occurrence of fire is detected by the temperature sensing detector, the light sensing detector, the image detector, the fire detector and the like, after the fire detector operates, the fire alarm control box operates on the spot, the electromagnetic valve responds, at this time, the deluge valve 601 is opened, the electric fire pump 7 is hydraulically alarmed and controlled to start, the fire water in the fire pool 8 is conveyed through the first fire hose 9, the first gate valve 1001, the first pressure gauge 1101, the first pipe connection 302, the electric fire pump 7, the second pipe connection 303, the second pressure gauge 1102, the first check valve 1201 and the fourth gate valve 1004 to the first proportional mixing device 1301. Start synchronous with electronic fire pump 7, the proportion mixing arrangement is opened the inside fire extinguishing medium of output fire extinguishing agent storage tank 14 and is carried to second check valve 1202 through second fire control pipeline 16, through filter 17, flow control valve 18, first commutation section 1901, flowmeter 20, second commutation section 1902, valve 601 and the entering fire control trunk line 3 of second fire control pipeline 16, put out a fire to the oil immersed transformer 1 body of fire through fire control trunk line 3, fire branch pipe 4 and terminal release 5, realize the whole regional quick fire extinguishing.
In an embodiment, the fire suppression system further comprises a second proportional mixing device 1302, the first check valve 1201 is connected to an inlet of the second proportional mixing device 1302 via a fifth gate valve 1005, and an outlet of the second proportional mixing device 1302 is connected to the filter 17 via a third check valve 1203.
The second proportional mixing device 1302 is connected to the fire suppressant tank 14.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, a first proportional mixing device 1301 and a second proportional mixing device 1302 are provided, a control device is connected to the first proportional mixing device 1301 and the second proportional mixing device 1302, respectively, when the first proportional mixing device 1301 fails, the control device controls the second proportional mixing device 1302 capable of working normally to output a fire extinguishing medium inside the fire extinguishing agent storage tank 14, and the fire extinguishing medium is conveyed through the second fire fighting pipeline 16, and then enters the main fire fighting pipeline 3 through the third check valve 1203, the filter 17, the flow regulating valve 18, the first rectifying section 1901, the flow meter 20, the second rectifying section 1902, the deluge valve 601 and the second fire fighting pipeline 16, and goes through the main fire fighting pipeline 3, the fire branch pipe 4 and the end release device 5 to extinguish the fire oil immersed transformer 1 body, so as to realize rapid fire extinguishing in all areas.
When the second proportional mixing device 1302 breaks down, the control device controls the fire extinguishing medium in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank 14 output by the first proportional mixing device 1301 capable of working normally to be conveyed through the second fire fighting pipeline 16 and enter the fire fighting main pipeline 3 through the second check valve 1202, the filter 17, the flow regulating valve 18, the first rectifying section 1901, the flow meter 20, the second rectifying section 1902, the deluge valve 601 and the second fire fighting pipeline 16, and the fire fighting is carried out on the fire oil immersed transformer 1 body through the fire fighting main pipeline 3, the fire fighting branch pipe 4 and the tail end releasing device 5, so that the whole area rapid fire extinguishing is realized.
In this embodiment, two proportional mixing devices are arranged, one is used for standby, the proportional mixing device is located at the interface positions of the first fire pipeline 9 and the second fire pipeline 16, one end of the proportional mixing device is connected with the tail end of the first fire pipeline 9, the other section of the proportional mixing device is connected with the starting end of the second fire pipeline 16, when a fault occurs in a certain proportional mixing device, the proportional mixing device can output fire extinguishing medium to extinguish fire, and the reliability is high. And through the design of first check valve 1201, second check valve 1202 and third check valve 1203, effectively avoided extinguishing medium to inhaling, aroused the inhomogeneous and the corruption to electronic fire pump of mixing, influence the fire control effect and shorten the life-span of fire pump.
In one embodiment, an oil pit is arranged at a position of the oil immersed transformer body extending to the periphery by about one meter, a firewall 2 is arranged outside the oil pit, at least three fire fighting main pipelines 3 are arranged on the side surface of the firewall 2, and the fire fighting main pipelines 3 are connected with one another;
respectively fire main pipeline junction 301 between the fire main pipeline 3 and fire branch pipe with fire branch pipe and fire main pipeline junction 401 between the fire main pipeline, the pipe shaft of fire main pipeline 3 and the pipe shaft of fire branch pipe 4 are all brushed with fire retardant coating.
Specifically, the performance requirements of the fireproof coating meet the requirements of GB 14907-2018 Steel Structure fireproof coating for outdoor expansion ultrathin steel structures, the coating thickness is not less than 2mm, the high temperature resistance requirements of pipelines with the temperature of 1200 ℃ being not lower than 3min after dry burning are met, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 fire resistance test results of fire-retardant coatings of different thicknesses
Because 1 body conflagration of oil-immersed transformer often begins with the detonation, in case the conflagration breaks out, the temperature reaches more than 1000 ℃ in the twinkling of an eye, and this embodiment is through main fire pipeline 3, main fire pipeline 3 connects, fire branch pipe 4, main fire pipeline 3 and branch connection apply paint with a brush the fire protection of fire protection, can effectively resist 1 body conflagration of oil-immersed transformer high temperature in the twinkling of an eye, is showing to reduce because of the pipeline bursts apart, and the branch pipe drops etc. and arouses the risk that fire extinguishing system part became invalid or whole became invalid, and the reliability is high.
The oil pits are used for isolating fire, and the firewall is made of cobblestones and used for isolating the adjacent oil-immersed transformer 1 bodies.
It should be noted that a sleeve and a sleeve lifting seat are arranged in the middle of each oil-immersed transformer 1 body, a firewall 2 is arranged around each oil-immersed transformer 1 body, at least three fire-fighting main pipelines 3 are arranged between each firewall 2 and each oil-immersed transformer 1 body and are close to the corresponding firewall 2, and each fire-fighting main pipeline 3 is communicated with a second fire-fighting pipeline 16 and a multi-way fire-fighting branch pipe 4 on the side of each firewall 2. Main fire fighting pipeline 3 further comprises a main pipeline connection 301, and main fire fighting pipeline 4 further comprises a connection 401 of the main fire fighting pipeline and the main fire fighting pipeline.
In one embodiment, the main firefighting pipe 3 is a horizontal pipe, and the main firefighting pipe 3 is fixed by a vertical supporting pipe which is perpendicular to the relative ground.
In one embodiment, the main fire fighting pipeline 3 is connected by flanges or welding or hoops, and the main fire fighting pipeline 3 is connected by threads or welding with the fire fighting branch pipes 4.
The embodiment carries out the lectotype design through being connected between main fire pipeline 3 and the fire branch pipe 4, has further reduced because of the pipeline bursts apart, and the branch pipe drops etc. and arouses the risk that the fire extinguishing system part became invalid or wholly became invalid.
In one embodiment, the end release device 5 is a centrifugal atomizing spray head.
Wherein, terminal release 5 adopts the centrifugal atomizing water smoke shower nozzle through national fire control CCCF compulsory authentication, specifically is STW high-speed centrifugal atomizing water smoke shower nozzle type or ZSTW type high-speed water smoke shower nozzle, adopts centrifugal atomizing water smoke shower nozzle to be favorable to making the fire extinguishing medium can reach the biggest atomization effect.
In one embodiment, the fire-extinguishing medium stored in the fire-extinguishing agent storage tank 14 is a water-based fire-extinguishing agent or a hypofluorite or hypofluorite foam fire-extinguishing agent, a hypofluorite type foam fire-extinguishing agent, or other types of water-soluble liquid fire-extinguishing agents.
It should be noted that different types of liquid fire extinguishing media can be selected as the fire extinguishing medium in this embodiment, and the total designed intensity is calculated through a formula after the fire extinguishing agent is selected and determined, so that the designed intensity (i.e., the total amount of reserve) of the fire extinguishing medium can be reduced as much as possible while effective fire extinguishing is achieved, and the economy is good.
In one embodiment, the pipeline and the electric fire pump are selected according to the minimum design strength of the total flow of the fire extinguishing system, and the minimum design strength Q of the total flow of the fire extinguishing system is expressed by the following formula:
Q＝Q3+Q4
Q3＝max(Q1，Q2)
Q4＝S4×q1
Q1＝S1×q1+S2×q2+S3×q3；
Q2＝n1×K1+2×x1×n2×K2+n3×K3
the oil tank design method comprises the following steps that S1 is the area of an oil pit at the top of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, S2 is the area of the surface area and the side area of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, S3 is the area of the oil pit of the oil-immersed transformer, S4 is the area of a protection area of an oil conservator of the oil-immersed transformer, q1 is the lowest design strength of the area of the top of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer or the area of the oil conservator, q2 is the lowest design strength of the area of an oil tank on the side wall (four sides) of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, q3 is the lowest design strength of the area of the oil pit of the oil-immersed transformer, n1 is the number of first spray heads, n2 is the number of second spray heads, n3 is the number of third spray heads, and K1, K2 and K3 are flow ranges of the spray heads.
As shown in fig. 5, the formula for calculating the protection area of the oil-immersed transformer body is as follows: s = S1+ S2+ S3; wherein S1= a × B; s2= a × B +2 × (a + B) × H; and S3= C × D-A × B, wherein C is the width of the oil-immersed transformer body plus the width of an oil pit extending in the width direction, D is the length of the oil pit, A is the width of the oil-immersed transformer body, B is the length of the oil-immersed transformer body, and H is the height of the oil-immersed transformer body.
It should be noted that Q1 is calculated intensity of total body flow based on protection area and minimum design flow of different areas of the oil-immersed transformer, Q2 is calculated intensity of total body flow based on protection area, minimum design flow of different areas of the oil-immersed transformer and nozzle type selection, Q3 is minimum design intensity of total body flow of the oil-immersed transformer, Q4 is designed intensity of protection area of conservator area, Q1 and Q2 can be obtained by testing the minimum design intensity, L/(min. M2)), according to the published national invention patent "experimental platform and experimental method for simulating fire of ultra-high voltage converter transformer" (patent number 2019113567893).
Specifically, calculation of the conservator area protection area (taking into account the surface area of the upper half of the conservator and the surface areas of the two ends): s4=3.14 × d2 × 2 ÷ 4+3.14 × d × L ÷ 2; (wherein d is the diameter of the conservator and L is the length of the conservator).
In order to verify that the design for fire protection and improvement of the water spray fire extinguishing system for the oil-immersed transformer 1 body in the operating transformer substation and the converter station is suitable for the ultra-high voltage converter transformer fire, according to an experimental platform and an experimental method true fire extinguishing experimental platform (patent number 2019113567893) for simulating the ultra-high voltage converter transformer fire, a physical fire experiment of the oil-immersed transformer 1 body is carried out according to the experimental platform, wherein the experimental platform comprises high-level fire, low-level fire and overflow fire, the area of a fire field reaches more than 120m & lt 2 & gt, firstly, the oil temperature of the KI50X transformer of the ultra-high voltage converter transformer is heated to 150 ℃ and then ignited, and the fire extinguishing system is started after the high-level fire and the low-level fire reach the full liquid level. The test results are shown in fig. 3, and the key parameters of the fire extinguishing system are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 key parameters of fire suppression systems
As can be seen from figure 3, the fire extinguishing time of the fire extinguishing system is 34s, and a true fire extinguishing test proves that the fire fighting improvement and modification design of the oil-immersed transformer 1 body water spray fire extinguishing system in the transformer substation and the converter station provided by the embodiment of the invention completely meets the fire extinguishing requirement of the ultra-high voltage converter station.
As shown in fig. 4, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing a novel fire extinguishing system suitable for an oil-immersed transformer, where the method includes the following steps:
s10, calculating the number of the tail end releasing devices based on the size, the protection area and the lowest design strength of the oil-immersed transformer body;
s20, calculating the minimum design strength of the total flow of the fire extinguishing system based on the total flow design strength of the oil-immersed transformer body and the protection area strength of the conservator area;
s30, based on the minimum design strength of the total flow of the fire extinguishing system and the number of the tail end releasing devices, selecting the type of a device used for constructing the novel fire extinguishing system suitable for the oil-immersed transformer body.
In an embodiment, the step S10 specifically includes:
calculating the number n1 of the first spray heads to be more than or equal to eta q1 multiplied by A multiplied by B divided by K1, wherein eta is an amplification coefficient, K1 is the flow of the first spray heads, q1 is the minimum design strength of the top area or the conservator area of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, A is the width of the oil-immersed transformer body, and B is the length of the oil-immersed transformer body;
calculating the number n2 of the second spray heads to be more than or equal to q2 x [ (A + B) H ÷ x1] ÷ K2, wherein x1 is the number of layers of the middle layer, K2 is the flow rate of the second spray heads, q2 is the lowest design strength of an oil tank area on the side wall (four side surfaces) of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, and H is the height of the oil-immersed transformer body;
calculating the number n3 of the third spray heads to be more than or equal to q3 multiplied by S3 divided by K3, wherein K3 is the flow of the third spray heads, S3 is the oil pit area, S3= C multiplied by D-A multiplied by B, and the minimum design strength of an oil pit area of the q3 oil-immersed transformer is calculated;
the number of the end release devices is calculated to be N = N1+2 × x1 × N2+ N3 based on the number of the first spray heads, the number of the second spray heads, and the number of the third spray heads.
In one embodiment, the total flow minimum design strength Q of the fire suppression system is calculated as follows:
Q＝Q3+Q4
Q3＝max(Q1，Q2)
Q4＝S4×q1
Q1＝S1×q1+S2×q2+S3×q3；
Q2＝n1×K1+2×x1×n2×K2+n3×K3
the oil tank design method comprises the following steps that S1 is the area of an oil pit at the top of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, S2 is the area of the surface area of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, S3 is the area of the oil pit of the oil-immersed transformer, S4 is the area of a protection area of an oil conservator area of the oil-immersed transformer, q1 is the lowest design strength of the top area or the area of the oil conservator area of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, q2 is the lowest design strength of the oil tank area of the side wall (four side faces) of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, q3 is the lowest design strength of the oil conservator area of the oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, n1 is the number of first spray heads, n2 is the number of second spray heads, n3 is the number of third spray heads, and K1, K2 and K3 are flow ranges of the first spray heads, the second spray heads and the third spray heads respectively.
The type of the electric fire pump and the type of the pipeline can be selected according to the minimum design total flow Q of the fire extinguishing system, and the type of the spray heads and the number of the spray heads can be set according to a calculation formula of the number of the spray heads. A new fire suppression system as shown in figure 1 can then be constructed depending on the type of device selected.
In the description of the specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides a be suitable for oil-immersed transformer's novel fire extinguishing systems which characterized in that, fire extinguishing systems includes: the fire extinguishing system comprises a fire extinguishing medium supply device, a control device and a plurality of tail end releasing devices, wherein the control device is connected with the fire extinguishing medium supply device, and the fire extinguishing supply device is connected with the tail end releasing devices through pipelines;
oil pits are arranged around the oil-immersed transformer body, the tail end releasing device comprises a first sprayer arranged beside a sleeve and a sleeve lifting seat, a second sprayer arranged in a middle layer and a third sprayer arranged on the oil pit layer, the first sprayer faces the upper surface of the oil-immersed transformer body, the second sprayer faces the side face of the oil-immersed transformer body, and the third sprayer faces the oil pits.
2. The novel fire extinguishing system for oil-immersed transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number n1 of the first spray heads is greater than or equal to η q1 × a × B ÷ K1, wherein η is an amplification factor, K1 is a flow rate of the first spray heads, q1 is a minimum design strength of a top area or a conservator area of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, a is a width of the oil-immersed transformer body, and B is a length of the oil-immersed transformer body;
the number n2 of the second spray heads is more than or equal to q2 x [ (A + B) H ÷ x1] ÷ K2, wherein x1 is the number of layers of the middle layer, K2 is the flow rate of the second spray heads, q2 is the lowest design strength of an oil tank area of the side wall of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, and H is the height of the oil-immersed transformer body;
the number n3 of the third spray heads is more than or equal to q3 multiplied by S3/K3, wherein K3 is the flow of the third spray heads, S3 is the area of an oil pit, S3= C multiplied by D-A multiplied by B, and q3 is the lowest design strength of the oil pit area of the oil-immersed transformer.
3. The novel fire extinguishing system applicable to oil-filled transformers according to claim 2, wherein the number of the first spray heads and the number of the second spray heads arranged towards the long side of the oil-filled transformer body are both at least 2, and the number of the first spray heads and the number of the second spray heads arranged towards the short side of the oil-filled transformer body are both at least one;
the number of the third spray heads arranged towards the long side of the oil pit is at least 2, and the number of the third spray heads arranged towards the short side of the oil pit is at least one;
the distance between the adjacent first spray heads, the distance between the adjacent second spray heads and the distance between the adjacent third spray heads are greater than or equal to 0.8m.
4. The novel fire extinguishing system applicable to oil immersed transformers according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing supply device comprises a fire pool, an electric fire pump, a first proportional mixing device, a fire extinguishing agent storage tank, a flow regulating valve, a flow meter and a deluge valve, and the pipelines comprise a first fire fighting pipeline, a second fire fighting pipeline, a main fire fighting pipeline and a branch fire fighting pipeline;
a water outlet of the fire-fighting water pool is connected to a water inlet connector of the electric fire-fighting pump through the first fire-fighting pipeline, a water outlet connector of the electric fire-fighting pump is connected to an inlet of the first proportional mixing device through the first fire-fighting pipeline, the first proportional mixing device is connected with the fire extinguishing agent storage tank, an outlet of the first proportional mixing device is connected to an inlet of the flow regulating valve through the second fire-fighting pipeline, an outlet of the flow regulating valve is sequentially connected with the flow meter and an inlet of the deluge valve through the second fire-fighting pipeline, and an outlet of the deluge valve is connected with the main fire-fighting pipeline through the second fire-fighting pipeline;
the fire-fighting main pipeline is arranged on the fire walls on two sides of the oil-immersed transformer, one end of the fire-fighting branch pipe is connected to the fire-fighting main pipeline, and the other end of the fire-fighting branch pipe is connected to the tail end releasing device.
5. The novel fire extinguishing system suitable for the oil immersed transformer according to claim 4, wherein a first gate valve is arranged on the first fire fighting pipeline connected between the water outlet of the fire fighting water pool and the water inlet joint of the electric fire fighting pump, the water outlet of the first gate valve is connected with the water inlet of a second gate valve, and the water outlet of the second gate valve is connected with a first pressure gauge;
the control device is connected with the driving end of the electric fire pump through a motor, a first check valve and a fourth gate valve are sequentially arranged on the second fire fighting pipeline between the water outlet joint of the electric fire pump and the inlet of the first proportional mixing device, the water outlet joint of the electric fire pump is connected with the water inlet of a third gate valve, and the water outlet of the third gate valve is connected with a second pressure gauge;
the outlet of the first proportional mixing device is connected with the inlet of a filter through the second fire fighting pipeline, the outlet of the filter is connected with the inlet of the flow regulating valve, a sixth gate valve is connected onto the second fire fighting pipeline between the flowmeter and the deluge valve, the sixth gate valve is connected with a third pressure gauge, and a second check valve is connected between the outlet of the first proportional mixing device and the filter.
6. The novel fire extinguishing system for oil filled transformers according to claim 5, further comprising a second proportional mixing device, wherein the first check valve is connected to the inlet of the second proportional mixing device through a fifth gate valve, and the outlet of the second proportional mixing device is connected to the filter through a third check valve;
the second proportional mixing device is connected with the fire extinguishing agent storage tank.
7. The novel fire extinguishing system applicable to the oil immersed transformer according to claim 4, wherein fire walls are arranged on two outer sides of the oil pit, at least three fire fighting main pipelines are arranged on the side surfaces of the fire walls, and the fire fighting main pipelines are connected with one another;
fireproof paint is coated on the joints among the main fire fighting pipelines, the joints between the main fire fighting branch pipes and the main fire fighting pipeline, the pipe body of the main fire fighting pipeline and the pipe body of the branch fire fighting pipes;
the fireproof coating is an expansion type outdoor fireproof coating with the fire endurance of not less than 2h, the fireproof coating thickness is not less than 2mm, and the requirement of high temperature resistance of the pipeline with the dry burning temperature of 1200 ℃ of not less than 3min is met.
8. The novel fire extinguishing system suitable for the oil-immersed transformer as claimed in claim 7, wherein the main fire fighting pipelines are connected by flanges or welding or hoops, and the main fire fighting pipelines are connected with the branch fire fighting pipelines by threads or welding.
9. The novel fire extinguishing system for oil immersed transformers according to claim 3, wherein the fire extinguishing medium stored in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank is water-based fire extinguishing agent or hypo-hydrated film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent or hypo-fluoroprotein foam fire extinguishing agent or hypo-synthetic foam fire extinguishing agent.
10. The novel fire extinguishing system for the oil immersed transformer according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the pipeline and the electric fire pump are selected according to the minimum design total flow rate of the fire extinguishing system, and the minimum design total flow rate Q of the fire extinguishing system is represented by the following formula:
Q＝Q3+Q4
Q3＝max(Q1，Q2)
Q4＝S4×q1
Q1＝S1×q1+S2×q2+S3×q3；
Q2＝n1×K1+2×x1×n2×K2+n3×K3
the oil-immersed transformer oil tank top oil pit area is S1, the oil-immersed transformer oil tank surface area side area is S2, the oil-immersed transformer oil pit area is S3, the oil-immersed transformer conservator area protection area is S4, the minimum design strength of the oil-immersed transformer oil tank top area or the oil conservator area is q1, the minimum design strength of the oil-immersed transformer oil tank side wall oil tank area is q2, the minimum design strength of the oil-immersed transformer oil pit area is q3, the minimum design strength of the oil-immersed transformer oil pit area is n1, the first spray head quantity is n2, the second spray head quantity is n3, the third spray head quantity is n1, the first spray head, the second spray head and the third spray head flow are respectively K1, K2 and K3.
11. A novel fire extinguishing system construction method suitable for an oil immersed transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating the number of the tail end releasing devices based on the size, the protection area and the minimum design strength of the oil-immersed transformer body;
calculating the minimum design total flow of a fire extinguishing system based on the total flow design strength of the oil-immersed transformer body and the protection area strength of the conservator area;
and based on the minimum designed total flow of the fire extinguishing system and the number of the tail end releasing devices, selecting the type of the device for constructing the novel fire extinguishing system suitable for the oil-immersed transformer body.
12. The method for constructing a novel fire extinguishing system for oil-filled transformers according to claim 11, wherein the calculating the number of the end releasing devices based on the size, the protection area and the minimum design strength of the oil-filled transformer body comprises:
calculating the number n1 of the first spray heads to be more than or equal to eta q1 xAxB/K1, wherein eta is an amplification coefficient, K1 is the flow of the first spray heads, q1 is the lowest design strength of the top area or the conservator area of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, A is the width of the oil-immersed transformer body, and B is the length of the oil-immersed transformer body;
calculating the number n2 of the second spray heads to be more than or equal to q2 x [ (A + B) H ÷ x1] ÷ K2, wherein x1 is the number of layers of the middle layer, K2 is the flow rate of the second spray heads, q2 is the lowest design strength of an oil tank area on the side wall of an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer, and H is the height of the oil-immersed transformer body;
calculating the number n3 of the third spray heads to be more than or equal to q3 multiplied by S3/K3, wherein K3 is the flow of the third spray heads, S3 is the area of an oil pit, and q3 is the minimum design strength of the oil pit area of the oil-immersed transformer;
the number of the end release devices is calculated to be N = N1+2 × x1 × N2+ N3 based on the number of the first spray heads, the number of the second spray heads, and the number of the third spray heads.
13. The method for constructing the novel fire extinguishing system applied to the oil-immersed transformer according to claim 11, wherein the minimum design total flow Q of the fire extinguishing system is calculated according to the following formula:
Q＝Q3+Q4
Q3＝max(Q1，Q2)
Q4＝S4×q1
Q1＝S1×q1+S2×q2+S3×q3；
Q2＝n1×K1+2×x1×n2×K2+n3×K3
wherein, S1 is oil-immersed transformer oil tank top oil pit area, S2 is oil-immersed transformer oil tank surface area side area, S3 is oil-immersed transformer oil pit area, S4 is oil-immersed transformer conservator region protection area, q1 is the regional minimum design intensity of oil-immersed transformer oil tank top or conservator region, q2 is the regional minimum design intensity of oil-immersed transformer oil tank lateral wall oil tank, q3 is the regional minimum design intensity of oil-immersed transformer oil pit, n1 does first shower nozzle quantity, n2 does second shower nozzle quantity, n3 does third shower nozzle quantity, K1, K2 and K3 do respectively first shower nozzle the second shower nozzle with the flow of third shower nozzle.
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