CN115211425B - 一种用于防治稻纵卷叶螟的食诱剂及应用 - Google Patents

一种用于防治稻纵卷叶螟的食诱剂及应用 Download PDF

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CN115211425B
CN115211425B CN202210912906.5A CN202210912906A CN115211425B CN 115211425 B CN115211425 B CN 115211425B CN 202210912906 A CN202210912906 A CN 202210912906A CN 115211425 B CN115211425 B CN 115211425B
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宁君
羿超群
王留洋
张永军
张涛
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Abstract

本发明涉及农业病虫害防治领域，具体涉及一种稻纵卷叶螟成虫食诱剂及应用。本发明提供一种稻纵卷叶螟成虫食诱剂，其活性组分由月桂烯、苯甲醛、异长叶烯和邻甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯组成，包括以下质量的原料：月桂烯1‑3 mg，苯甲醛1.5‑4.5 mg，异长叶烯2‑6 mg，邻甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯5‑6 mg。本发明的食诱剂引诱效果较好，能同时吸引稻纵卷叶螟雌雄成虫。此外，该食诱剂对天敌无毒副作用，对环境友好，且稳定性好，持效期长，对于稻纵卷叶螟绿色防控技术的发展具有重要意义。

Description

一种用于防治稻纵卷叶螟的食诱剂及应用
技术领域
本发明涉及农业病虫害防治领域，具体涉及一种用于防治稻纵卷叶螟的食诱剂及应用。
背景技术
稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis属鳞翅目螟蛾科，具有迁飞性，是重要的世界性水稻害虫，主要危害水稻、玉米、小麦等多种禾本科作物。稻纵卷叶螟幼虫孵化后便可取食寄主的幼嫩组织，整个幼虫阶段均可对寄主进行取食，相关研究表明稻纵卷叶螟在幼虫阶段可取食水稻8-10片叶片，受害水稻光合作用显著下降，造成严重损失。近年来，稻纵卷叶螟的危害呈连续性和突发性，对我国粮食安全构成了严重威胁。
在病虫害的综合治理中，化学防治是主要手段之一。但随着化学农药的长期使用后，产生的副作用越来越显著，不仅有农药残留污染环境，而且使害虫产生抗药性，以及杀伤大量天敌及有益微生物，严重影响了生态平衡。研究报道，随着化学杀虫剂的广泛使用，稻纵卷叶螟对有甲基对硫磷、杀虫单和溴氰菊酯等化学杀虫剂耐受力明显增强，抗药性现象日渐突出。应用食诱剂防治害虫具有高效、低毒、无污染、不伤益虫等优点，在害虫生物综合治理(Integrated pest management,IPM)中发挥越来越重要的作用，具有很好的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益。目前，利用昆虫食诱剂为引诱源来监测害虫发生动态被越来越多的科研工作者认可，在防治害虫方面，食诱剂被认为是效率最高的方法之一。食诱剂的原理是针对有迁飞能力的昆虫，利用昆虫与植物之间的通讯来进行引诱，起到干扰和诱捕的双重作用，以达到防虫目的，是一种高效、绿色、环保的防治方法。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种防治稻纵卷叶螟的食诱剂及应用。
本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种用于防治稻纵卷叶螟食诱剂，其活性组分由月桂烯、苯甲醛、异长叶烯、邻甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯组成。
最优地，草地贪夜蛾食诱剂由以下组分按照各自重量组成月桂烯1-3mg，苯甲醛1.5-4.5mg，异长叶烯2-6mg，邻甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯5-6mg。
进一步地，提供了一种稻纵卷叶螟食诱剂诱芯的制备方法，将月桂烯、苯甲醛、异长叶烯、邻甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯溶于氯化石蜡、石蜡油或玉米油中，形成食诱剂溶液，加入到高35mm×直径8mm×壁厚0.35mm聚乙烯小黑瓶中，然后封口，制备成稻纵卷叶螟食诱剂诱芯。
本发明的有益效果：1、对天敌无毒无副作用，对环境友好，无残留；2、稳定性强，持效期长；3、原料成本较低；4、诱捕效果好，能有效降低雌蛾产卵量及后代幼虫数量，可准确应用于稻纵卷叶螟的大量诱杀以及虫情监测，对于综合治理稻纵卷叶螟具有重要意义。
附图说明
图1为不同诱芯配方的平均诱捕数量，其中不同字母表示在0.05水平上诱捕数量。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述，但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。
实施例1不同配比引诱剂诱芯对稻纵卷叶螟的田间引诱实验
为进一步验证不同配比引诱剂诱芯对稻纵卷叶螟田间引诱能力，选择地势平坦，面积大于20亩的实验田内进行了田间诱捕试验。诱捕器选择桶型诱捕器，诱捕器高度设置为1.5m左右。每种处理的诱芯处理均设置3个重复，诱捕器之间的间隔20m左右。具体的配方如表1所示：
表1
Figure GDA0004096310670000031
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Figure GDA0004096310670000041
设置后每3天调查诱捕器中的稻纵卷叶螟数量，并清理诱捕器，持续调查30天。调查结果如表2所示。
表2
配方 诱捕量(头/3天) 配方 诱捕量(头/3天) 配方 诱捕量(头/3天)
Cm-1 2.33±0.67 Cm-7 10.33±1.45 Cm-13 20.33±1.45
Cm-2 3.00±0.58 Cm-8 10.67±0.88 Cm-14 22.33±1.76
Cm-3 2.00±0.58 Cm-9 12.00±2.08 Cm-15 75.00±1.52
Cm-4 3.33±0.88 Cm-10 11.33±2.85 Cm-16 66.00±3.61
Cm-5 10.67±0.88 Cm-11 22.67±3.28 Cm-17 64.67±4.06
Cm-6 11.00±1.00 Cm-12 19.33±1.45 CK 0
注：表中数据为每个诱捕器每3天诱捕量平均值±标准误。
试验结果表明：本发明所述的食诱剂对稻纵卷叶螟的引诱效果非常显著。单组分的月桂烯、苯甲醛、异长叶烯、邻甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯加入诱芯后均能引诱到稻纵卷叶螟，但引诱数量较少。二元混合物和三元混合物能大幅度提高稻纵卷叶螟的诱捕数量，但显著低于四元组合物(Cm-15、Cm-16、Cm-17)。在三组不同质量四元组合物的实验中，发现当月桂烯1.0mg，苯甲醛1.5mg，异长叶烯2.0mg，邻甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯5.5mg时，稻纵卷叶螟引诱效果最佳，单个诱捕器诱捕量超过75头/3天。
以上公开的仅为本发明的具体实施例，但是，本发明并非局限于此，任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化都应落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种用于防治稻纵卷叶螟的食诱剂，其特征在于，活性组分由稻纵卷叶螟的寄主植物挥发物构成，包括以下质量的原料：月桂烯1-3 mg，苯甲醛1.5-4.5 mg，异长叶烯2-6 mg，邻甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯5-6 mg。
2.根据权利要求1所述稻纵卷叶螟食诱剂的制备方法，将月桂烯、苯甲醛、异长叶烯和邻甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯溶于氯化石蜡、石蜡油或玉米油中，形成食诱剂溶液，加入到高35 mm×直径8 mm×壁厚0.35 mm聚乙烯小黑瓶中。
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