CN115210443A

CN115210443A - System for shielding buildings from the sun

Info

Publication number: CN115210443A
Application number: CN202180017256.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: L·帕帕伊兹; A·佩利尼
Original assignee: Pellini SpA
Current assignee: Pellini SpA
Priority date: 2020-03-03
Filing date: 2021-02-16
Publication date: 2022-10-18
Also published as: EP4115044A1; IL295021A; IT202000004483A1; IL295021B1; WO2021176288A1; EP4115044B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (1) for screening solar rays, comprising: at least a first glass (2); at least a second glass (3) without PVD coating, the second glass (3) being associated with the first glass (2) by means of a support frame (5) for forming a gap (51); a solar ray protection device (4) inserted in the gap (51), the solar ray protection device (4) defining: -a plurality of transparent zones (41) for letting through solar rays, such plurality of transparent zones (41) allowing the passage of solar rays at a certain angle of incidence, whereas solar rays having other angles of incidence cannot pass through said plurality of transparent zones (41); -a plurality of blind zones (42) configured to not let through the sun rays, such blind zones (42) being identified as facing towardsA first surface (421) of a second glass (3) without a PVD coating and a second surface (422) opposite to the first surface (421); the plurality of blind zones (42) have a visible light reflectance (p) of less than 50% _v ) And has a reflectance (ρ) higher than that of visible light _v ) Solar ray reflectivity (p) _e )。

Description

System for shielding buildings from the sun

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a system for shielding solar rays having a characteristic of reflecting near-infrared solar rays according to the preamble of claim 1, and more particularly to a system for shielding solar rays including a solar ray protection device.

Such a system for screening solar rays may be applied in particular, for example, for screening building interiors.

Background

It is known in the prior art to use systems for screening out sun rays that can be applied to facades of buildings.

In particular, in order to limit the rise in temperature inside buildings, the known art provides a system for screening solar rays, which is arranged in the outermost part of the facade to screen the solar rays.

Known screening systems comprise glass, which is joined to the facade of a building, for example by means of a support frame.

The shielding must be specific to the sun's rays, which, as is known, consist of luminescent rays, i.e. visible wavelength rays and near infrared rays and ultraviolet rays. In particular, near infrared solar rays mean waves emitted by the sun in the wavelength range between 780nm and 2500nm, and they do not play a role in illumination, but they transfer heat.

Traditionally, the glasses used in known systems are treated by a process called PVD ("physical vapor deposition") to obtain the characteristics of the near infrared component reflecting the solar rays. This treatment results in a reduction of solar energy entering the facade of the building, thereby reducing the temperature of the space defined thereby.

Document US2013163062A1 discloses a smart window with a partially obscuring layer that may be aligned or masked to modulate the passage of light. In one embodiment, the material on which the modulation is based is a dielectric coating applied on a transparent support, which is transparent to visible light but reflective to infrared light. This may limit overheating.

Disclosure of Invention

Problems of the prior art

Disadvantageously, PVD coatings of glass behave as interference filters or dichroic filters, resulting in physiologically significant chromatic aberrations.

For a user in a building, this color difference creates a parallax from the inside towards the outside, which changes the color of the surrounding environment as well as the color of natural light. Thus, there may be serious consequences on the circadian rhythm of a person living in a building, since the circadian rhythm of a person depends strictly on the color of natural light.

Also disadvantageously, the PVD coating of glass means that the building is not aesthetically pleasing when viewed from the outside. In fact, when a person outside the building looks at his facade, the inside can be seen through the glass which is negatively affected by the chromatic aberration. Furthermore, the building interior is illuminated by natural light, which is in turn biased by the glass. It causes a distortion in the appearance of the building facade.

Furthermore, PVD coating of glass is rather expensive, thus reducing the applicability of prior art systems for screening solar rays.

On the other hand, the transparent dielectric coating of US2013163062A1 does not block visible light at all, contrary to what is desired, for example, during summer.

Summary of the invention

In this context, the technical task of the present invention is to provide a system for screening solar rays which overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art.

In particular, the object of the present invention is to propose a system for screening solar rays which does not act as an interference filter when applied to the facade of a building. In other words, the object of the present invention is to conceive a system for screening solar rays that does not produce chromatic aberrations.

It also aims to filter infrared light in an alternative way to US2013163062A1, allowing to shield visible light during summer.

The technical task defined and the specific objects are substantially achieved by a system for screening solar rays, comprising the technical features set forth in one or more of the appended claims.

Effects of the invention

Thanks to the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to maintain the hue and color of natural light seen through glass, and at the same time maintain the appearance of a building on which a system for shielding solar rays is applied.

Due to the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is also possible to prevent the solar rays incident on the glass without PVD coating from generating an excessive temperature rise inside the building.

Drawings

Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become better apparent from the indicative but therefore non-limiting description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of a system for screening solar rays, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a system for screening solar rays according to the present invention;

figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the shielding system of figure 1;

figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a further alternative embodiment of the shielding system of figure 1;

figure 4 shows a diagram of the reflection spectrum of the system for screening out solar rays of figure 1, obtained by experimental tests carried out by the applicant.

Detailed Description

With particular reference to the figures, reference numeral 1 designates a system for screening solar rays.

Such a system 1 for screening solar rays may for example be applied for screening building facades or for screening spaces facing building facades.

Preferably, the shielding system 1 can be applied to a window 6 of a building to protect and shield the interior of the building from the sun's rays, wherein at least a portion of the interior is defined by the window 6.

The shielding system 1 comprises at least one first glass 2.

The shielding system 1 comprises at least a second glass 3 without PVD coating. In other words, this second glass 3 is a glass transparent to the sun rays.

In particular, this second glass 3 does not have the property of reflecting near-infrared light. Since the second glass 3 has no PVD coating, the phenomenon of chromatic aberration is avoided.

According to one aspect, the first 2 and second 3 glasses may be glass sheets, preferably flat sheets, single, two or three, with or without chambers between the respective sheets.

According to one aspect, the first glass 2 and the second glass 3 are parallel to each other.

It is noted that the linear dimensions and thickness of the

glass sheets

2, 3 are determined by the particular application.

This second glazing 3 is associated to the first glazing 2 by a support frame 5 to form a gap 51.

In particular, such gap 51 is delimited by the first glass 2, the second glass 3 and the support frame 5.

It is known in the art to associate the first pane 2 and the second pane 3 in the frame 5 and will therefore not be further disclosed.

In the present disclosure, it is worth noting that the supporting frame 5 can be made in a single piece, as shown in fig. 1, or, as shown in fig. 2, it can comprise one first part 5a and one second part 5b, separated from each other.

In the case shown in fig. 2, the first glass 2 is associated with the first part 5a and the second glass 3 is associated with the second part 5b. Still in the situation shown in fig. 2, the screening system 1 defines a gap 51 when applied to a building.

It is also worth noting that the shielding system 1 can be associated with a building through a support frame 5.

According to a preferred aspect, the frame 5 realizes a so-called sealing gap, or alternatively a partially or completely ventilated gap.

In other words, such a gap 51 allows (in the case of at least partial ventilation or complete ventilation) an air flow from the outside environment or from the inside of the building to flow into the gap itself or (in the case of sealing) does not allow any exchange of air flow with the outside environment and/or the inside environment when the screening system 1 is applied to a building.

According to a preferred embodiment, the support frame 5 comprises a lower portion 52 and an upper portion 53, both the lower portion 52 and the upper portion 53 being fixable to a respective building panel (slab) 7, so that such a shielding system 1 is interposed between two panels 7.

For example, as shown in fig. 3, the lower portion 52 and the upper portion 53 are fastened to the respective panels 7 of the building.

According to a characteristic aspect, the screening system 1 comprises a solar ray protection device 4 inserted in the gap 51. Such a protective means 4 is interposed between the first glass 2 and the second glass 3.

Preferably, such protection means 4 are fixed to the support frame 5 by fixing means known to those skilled in the art, as shown in figure 1.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the protection device 4 is fixed to the building panel 7 by means of a further frame 5 c.

Such a protection device 4 has a function of shielding the interior of the building. In fact the solar ray protection means 4 define:

a plurality of transparent zones 41 for the passage of the rays of the sun. Such a plurality of transparent regions 41 allows solar rays to pass through at a specific incident angle, whereas solar rays having other incident angles cannot pass through the plurality of transparent regions 41;

a plurality of blind areas (blind areas) 42 configured to not let the solar rays pass through.

Therefore, such blind areas 42 have the function of shielding the environment inside the building (i.e. not letting the sun rays pass through).

In the case of a protective system 1 comprising a first glass 2 and a second glass 3 (i.e. glasses without PVD coating), it follows that the blind zone 42 identifies (identity) a first surface 421 facing the second glass 3 without PVD coating and a second surface 422 opposite the first surface 421. Thus, the second surface 422 faces the first glass 2.

Once the shielding system 1 is applied to a building, the first surface 421 is visible from outside the building. In other words, once the shielding system 1 is applied to a building, the first surface 421 faces the environment outside the building, while the second surface 422 faces the interior of the building.

Preferably, the transparent zones 41 are arranged according to a geometric pattern known to the person skilled in the art with respect to the blind zones 42, such as a checkerboard arrangement, or a grid, or with longitudinal or vertical strips, or interwoven by warp and weft threads of woven material.

Still preferably, the ratio between the transparent zones 41 and the blind zones 42 is determined based on the level of solar ray shading required inside the building.

The plurality of blind zones 42 have a visible light reflectance ρ below 50% _v And has a reflectance ρ higher than that of visible light _v Solar ray reflectivity ρ _e 。

Statement on visible light reflectance ρ according to the standard UNI EN410 _v And solar ray reflectivity ρ _e 。

In other words, advantageously, the blind zones 42, in addition to shading the interior of the building, i.e. not allowing the passage of solar rays, also have near infrared reflection characteristics.

In still other words, the plurality of blind zones 42 are capable of reflecting near-infrared solar rays, i.e., the near-infrared component of solar radiation.

By near infrared solar rays is meant waves emitted by the sun in the wavelength range between 780nm and 2500 nm. Such solar rays do not contribute to illumination, but they transfer heat. Such near-infrared solar rays are reflected by the plurality of blind areas 42, so that the interior of the building can be prevented from being overheated.

I ° embodiment of blind zone 42: reflective dark paint

According to the first embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the first surface 421 of the plurality of blind areas 42 includes a layer of dark paint 423.

Preferably, the layer of dark paint 423 completely covers the first surface 421 of the plurality of blind areas 42.

A layer of dark paint 423 is applied to the first surface 421 of the plurality of blind areas 42 by means of techniques known to those skilled in the art. The layer of dark paint 423 is at least partially reflective of near infrared solar rays.

Still according to the first embodiment, the layer of dark coating 423 that is at least partially reflective of near infrared solar rays comprises pigments that are reflective of near infrared solar rays.

For example, the solar ray protection device 4 may be in the form of:

a venetian blind (not shown) having a plurality of slats (slat), each slat identifying a blind zone 42 on which a dark paint 423 is disposed,

or a grid (not shown) having a plurality of longitudinal and transverse axes, each axis identifying a blind area 42 on which a dark paint 423 is disposed,

or an orifice plate or platen (not shown) having a frame defining a plurality of apertures, each aperture defining a transparent region 41, and the frame identifying a blind region 42 on which a dark paint 423 is disposed,

or a woven material (such as a curtain or canvas) in which at least the intersections of the warp and weft comprise a dark coating 423;

or a film.

For example, in case the slats are to be moved, the protection means 4 further comprise retaining means (not shown), which may be in the form of at least two cords required for moving the slats by means of the control mechanism.

According to one aspect, the dark paint 423 layer includes a pigment that reflects near-infrared solar rays.

Fig. 4 shows a diagram of the reflection spectrum of the shielding system 1 obtained by experimental tests carried out by the applicant, in which the blind zone 42 comprises a dark paint 423 having near infrared reflection characteristics.

The graph shown in fig. 4 has a wavelength in nanometers (nm) on the axis of abscissa and a reflection in percent (%) on the axis of ordinate.

It can be noted from the diagram shown in fig. 4 that the shielding system 1, in particular the blind zone 42 with the dark dope 423, shows a medium-low reflection in the visible wavelengths (380 nm-780 nm) and a higher reflection in the near infrared wavelengths (780 nm-2500 nm). It follows that such a blind area 42 having the dark color paint 423 can appropriately reflect near infrared light.

II ° embodiment of blind zone 42: reflective dark colored material

According to a second embodiment of the invention, which is an alternative to the first embodiment, at least a portion of the first surface 421 of the blind areas 42 comprises a dark material having near-infrared reflection properties, i.e. having a visible light reflectivity ρ of less than 50% _e And has a reflectance ρ higher than that of visible light _v The solar ray reflectance of (1).

Preferably, the first surface 421 of the plurality of blind areas 42 is completely covered by a dark material having a near infrared reflection characteristic.

In this second embodiment, the venetian blind (not shown), the grid (not shown), the perforated plate or slat, the curtain or canvas and the membrane are made of a near infrared-reflective dark material, rather than having a near infrared-reflective dark paint.

Claims

1. A system (1) for screening solar rays, comprising:

-at least a first glass (2);

-a support frame (5) for forming a gap (51);

-at least a second glass (3) without PVD coating;

-said first glass (2) and said second glass (3) are associated with each other by means of said supporting frame (5);

-a solar ray protection device (4), said solar ray protection device (4) being inserted in said gap (51), said solar ray protection device (4) defining:

-a plurality of transparent zones (41) for letting through solar rays, said plurality of transparent zones (41) enabling solar rays to pass through at a certain angle of incidence, while solar rays having other angles of incidence are not able to pass through said plurality of transparent zones (41);

-blind zones (42), said blind zones (42) identifying a first surface (421) facing the second glass (3) without PVD coating and a second surface (422) opposite to the first surface (421);

-the plurality of blind zones (42) having a visible light reflectivity (p) lower than 50% _v ) And has a reflectance (p) higher than the visible light reflectance _v ) Solar ray reflectivity (p) _e )；

The method is characterized in that:

the blind zone (42) is configured to not let through solar rays; and

at least a portion of the first surface (421) of the plurality of blind zones (42) comprises a dark material having near-infrared reflective properties or comprises a dark paint (423) layer, the dark paint (423) layer at least partially reflecting near-infrared solar rays.

2. Screening system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of dark paint (423) comprises pigments reflecting the near infrared solar rays.

3. Screening system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said light protection means (4) comprise: a venetian blind having a plurality of slats, each of said slats identifying said blind zone (42) on which said dark paint (423) is disposed; or a grid having a plurality of longitudinal and transverse axes, each of said axes identifying said blind area (42) on which said dark paint (423) is disposed; or an orifice plate or platen having a frame defining a plurality of apertures, each of said apertures defining said transparent region (41) and said frame identifying said blind region (42) on which said dark paint (423) is disposed; or a woven material, wherein at least the intersection of the warp and weft identify the blind zone (42) and include the dark dope (423); or a film.

4. Shielding system (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the gap (51) is sealed or at least partially ventilated with respect to the external environment.