CN115207983A - Method and device for optimizing reserve capacity of power station participating in primary frequency modulation - Google Patents

Method and device for optimizing reserve capacity of power station participating in primary frequency modulation Download PDF

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CN115207983A
CN115207983A CN202110376852.0A CN202110376852A CN115207983A CN 115207983 A CN115207983 A CN 115207983A CN 202110376852 A CN202110376852 A CN 202110376852A CN 115207983 A CN115207983 A CN 115207983A
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power grid
power
frequency modulation
simulation system
time domain
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陈宁
张红颖
赵大伟
唐冰婕
赵亮
张磊
周桂平
葛维春
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for optimizing reserve capacity of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining transient frequency offset and frequency recovery time when a power grid generates frequency disturbance, and optimizing the standby capacity of a new energy power station or a thermal power plant participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the power grid generates the frequency disturbance. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the power shortage of the power grid is quickly compensated by utilizing the quick frequency response characteristic of the new energy, the maximum frequency deviation and the frequency recovery time of the power grid can be reduced, and meanwhile, the frequency supporting capacity of the high-occupancy-ratio new energy power grid is improved by optimizing the spare capacity of a new energy power station or a thermal power plant participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid.

Description

Method and device for optimizing reserve capacity of power station participating in primary frequency modulation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy power generation operation control, in particular to a method and a device for optimizing reserve capacity of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation.
Background
In recent years, researches on a technology of new energy participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid are more and more concerned, technologies for realizing wind power generation participating in power grid frequency modulation mainly comprise virtual synchronous power generation, virtual inertia control, droop control and the like, technologies for realizing photovoltaic power generation participating in power grid frequency modulation mainly comprise virtual synchronous power generation technologies, and the researches are helpful for solving the problems of response and control of new energy power generation equipment to power grid frequency disturbance. However, primary frequency modulation is a process that all frequency modulation power supplies in a power grid continuously provide active power support according to frequency deviation, active power adjustment of the frequency modulation power supplies is naturally distributed according to a frequency difference coefficient, primary frequency modulation capacity of the power grid is determined by all the frequency modulation power supplies together, and frequency modulation dead zones and frequency difference coefficients of different types of power supplies are optimized according to the thought of 'clear frequency modulation authority and cooperative cooperation of various types of units' by combining practical conditions of the power grid, so that the cooperative cooperation of rapid frequency modulation behaviors of wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and conventional thermal power generation is realized. Because the conventional thermal power primary frequency modulation capacity is considered, the requirement of rapid control of the power frequency can be met at present, and the reservation of new energy active standby for responding to the low-frequency disturbance of the power grid is not considered.
With the improvement of the installed ratio and the actual electric quantity ratio of the new energy power generation, the conventional thermal power space is further occupied, and the new energy needs to reserve certain active power reserve to deal with the low-frequency disturbance of the power grid, so that an important technical means is realized. The excessive reserve active reserve can influence new forms of energy consumption, and reserve active reserve not enough can lead to the electric wire netting primary frequency modulation ability not enough, and both need compromise. How to reserve new energy for use under the condition has not been systematically researched in past researches.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for optimizing the reserve capacity of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation, which can improve the frequency supporting capacity of a high-occupancy-ratio new energy power grid by optimizing the reserve capacity of a new energy power station or a thermal power plant participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for optimizing reserve capacity of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation, which is improved in that the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring transient frequency offset and frequency recovery time when frequency disturbance occurs to a power grid;
and optimizing the reserve capacity of the new energy power station or the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid.
Preferably, the obtaining of the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid includes:
adjusting an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid to enable the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system to generate frequency disturbance;
and acquiring the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
Preferably, the optimizing the reserve capacity of the new energy power station or the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid includes:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to a power grid transient frequency offset threshold value and the frequency recovery time is less than or equal to a power grid frequency recovery time threshold value, solving a pre-established backup capacity optimization model of the power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and acquiring the optimal backup capacity of the new energy power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal backup capacity of the thermal power plant participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
otherwise, the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid are adjusted until the transient frequency offset is smaller than or equal to the transient frequency offset threshold of the power grid and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the frequency recovery time threshold of the power grid, and the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the adjusted power grid are used as the optimal standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the power grid.
Further, the adjusting of the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid includes:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to the grid transient frequency offset threshold and the transient frequency recovery time is greater than the grid frequency recovery time threshold, increasing the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the grid primary frequency modulation in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the grid by 1% eRR Reducing the reserve capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid
Figure BDA0003011309340000021
If the transient frequency offset is larger than the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, keeping the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid unchanged, and increasing the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid by 1% eGR Or optionally selecting a thermal power plant which does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to start the thermal power plantParticipating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid;
wherein, P eRR The rated capacity P of a new energy power station in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid RR,Z Increased reserve capacity, H, for new energy power station participating in primary frequency modulation of power grid in electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid GR The number P of thermal power plants participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid eGR The rated capacity of the thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid is obtained.
Further, the pre-established objective function of the backup capacity optimization model for participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid by the power generation station comprises the following steps:
determining an objective function of a pre-established reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003011309340000031
in the above formula, F is the objective function value of the reserve capacity optimization model of the power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and delta P RR,u For the primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, N, of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R The number u belongs to [1-N ] of new energy power stations in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R ]，ΔP GR,k For the primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, N, of the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid G The number of the thermal power plants in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, k belongs to [1-N ] G ]，k R,u A mark k for the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid G,k Marking that the kth thermal power plant participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, wherein when k is R,u When the frequency is not less than 1, the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is less than 1 R,u When =0, in electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power gridThe u new energy power station does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is G,k And when the frequency is not less than 1, the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is equal G,k And when the frequency is not less than 0, the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid.
Further, the pre-established constraint conditions of the backup capacity optimization model for the power generation station to participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid include:
determining a constraint condition of the sum of primary frequency modulation reserve capacity of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003011309340000032
determining a primary frequency modulation reserve capacity constraint condition of a new energy power station of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
ΔP RR,u ≤min(ΔP RR,u,max ,P R,u,max -P R,u )
determining a frequency change rate constraint condition of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
η≤R f
determining a constraint condition of the maximum frequency deviation occurrence moment of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
t d ≤t fset
t r ≤t rset
determining the constraint condition of the maximum offset of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Δf max ≤Δf set
in the above formula,. DELTA.P Rmin For the minimum primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, delta P, in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid RR,u,max Allocating new energy to the u-th new energy in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power gridMaximum primary modulation capacity, P, of source station R,u,max The maximum power generation amount P of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R,u The output of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid is calculated, eta is the frequency change rate of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, and R is the frequency change rate of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid f Giving a maximum frequency change rate, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid fset A frequency recovery time threshold value, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid r Frequency recovery time, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid rset Acceptable time, t, of frequency recovery of electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid d Maximum frequency deviation time, deltaf, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid max Maximum frequency offset, delta f, of electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid set And the transient frequency offset is the transient frequency offset threshold of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
Based on the same invention concept, the invention provides a device for optimizing the spare capacity of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation, and the improvement is that the device comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid;
and the optimization module is used for optimizing the standby capacity of the new energy power station or the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid.
Preferably, the obtaining module includes:
the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to enable the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system to generate frequency disturbance;
and the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
Preferably, the optimization module is specifically configured to:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the frequency recovery time is less than or equal to the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, solving a pre-established backup capacity optimization model of the power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and acquiring the optimal backup capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal backup capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
otherwise, the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid are adjusted until the transient frequency offset is smaller than or equal to the transient frequency offset threshold of the power grid and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the frequency recovery time threshold of the power grid, and the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the adjusted power grid are used as the optimal standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the power grid.
Further, adjusting the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid includes:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the transient frequency recovery time is greater than the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, increasing the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid by 1 percent P eRR Reducing the reserve capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid
Figure BDA0003011309340000051
If the transient frequency offset is greater than the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the frequency recovery time is less than or equal to the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, maintaining the new parameter related to the power grid primary frequency modulation in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power gridThe reserve capacity of the energy power station is unchanged, the reserve capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid is increased by 1 percent P eGR Or optionally selecting a thermal power plant which does not participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to start the thermal power plant to participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
wherein, P eRR The rated capacity, P, of the new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid RR,Z Adding reserve capacity H for new energy power station participating in power grid primary frequency modulation in electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid GR The number P of thermal power plants participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid eGR The method is the rated capacity of the thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
Compared with the closest prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method and the device for optimizing the reserve capacity of the power station participating in primary frequency modulation, provided by the invention, the reserve capacity of a new energy power station or a thermal power plant participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid is optimized according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid by acquiring the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, on the basis that the new energy is properly reserved for standby and can meet the requirement of system inertia, the power shortage of a power grid can be quickly compensated by using the quick frequency response characteristic of the new energy, the maximum frequency deviation and the frequency recovery time of the power grid can be reduced, the primary frequency modulation supporting effect of the new energy on the power grid is only related to the provided frequency modulation capacity and is not related to the number of power stations participating in primary frequency modulation, when a configuration scheme of the primary frequency modulation standby of the new energy is formulated, the primary frequency modulation standby capacity of the new energy power station or a thermal power plant participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid can be flexibly adjusted, and meanwhile, the frequency supporting capacity of a high-occupancy ratio new energy power grid is improved by optimizing the standby capacity of the new energy power station or the thermal power plant participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing reserve capacity of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a method for optimizing reserve capacity of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a model for optimizing the reserve capacity of the primary frequency modulation of the system in which the new energy participates in the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of the grid frequency curves before and after the backup capacity optimization of the primary frequency modulation in the embodiment;
fig. 5 is a comparison graph of the grid frequency curves of different new energy starting quantities in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a method for optimizing reserve capacity of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation, which comprises the following steps of:
acquiring transient frequency offset and frequency recovery time when frequency disturbance occurs to a power grid;
and optimizing the reserve capacity of the new energy power station or the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid.
In this embodiment, the obtaining a transient frequency offset and a frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid includes:
adjusting an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to enable the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system to generate frequency disturbance;
and acquiring the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
In this embodiment, the optimizing, according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, the reserve capacity of the new energy power station or the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid includes:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the frequency recovery time is less than or equal to the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, solving a pre-established backup capacity optimization model of the power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and acquiring the optimal backup capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal backup capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
otherwise, adjusting the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid until the transient frequency offset is smaller than or equal to the transient frequency offset threshold of the power grid and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the frequency recovery time threshold of the power grid, and taking the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the adjusted power grid as the optimal standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the power grid.
Further, the adjusting of the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid includes:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to the grid transient frequency offset threshold and the transient frequency recovery time is greater than the grid frequency recovery time threshold, increasing the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the grid primary frequency modulation in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the grid by 1% eRR Reducing the reserve capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid
Figure BDA0003011309340000071
If the transient frequency offset is larger than the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, keeping the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid unchanged, and increasing the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid by 1% eGR Or optionally selecting a thermal power plant which does not participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to start the thermal power plant to participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
wherein, P eRR The rated capacity P of a new energy power station in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid RR,Z Increased reserve capacity, H, for new energy power station participating in primary frequency modulation of power grid in electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid GR The number P of thermal power plants participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid eGR The rated capacity of the thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid is obtained.
Further, the pre-established objective function of the backup capacity optimization model for participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid by the power generation station comprises the following steps:
determining an objective function of a pre-established reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003011309340000081
in the above formula, F is the objective function value of the backup capacity optimization model of the power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid, namely delta P RR,u For the primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, N, of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R The number u belongs to [1-N ] of new energy power stations in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R ]，ΔP GR,k Corresponding electromechanical transient time domain for power gridPrimary frequency modulation reserve capacity, N, of the kth thermal power plant in a simulation system G The number k belongs to [1-N ] of the thermal power plants in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid G ]，k R,u A mark k for the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid G,k Marking that the kth thermal power plant participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, wherein when k is R,u If the k is less than 1, the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when the k is less than 1 R,u And when the k is not less than 0, the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when the k is less than 0 G,k When the frequency is not less than 1, the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is equal G,k And when the frequency is not less than 0, the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid.
Further, the pre-established constraint conditions of the backup capacity optimization model for the power generation station to participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid include:
determining a constraint condition of the sum of primary frequency modulation reserve capacities of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003011309340000082
determining a primary frequency modulation reserve capacity constraint condition of the new energy power station of a reserve capacity optimization model of the power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the following formula:
ΔP RR,u ≤min(ΔP RR,u,max ,P R,u,max -P R,u )
determining the frequency change rate constraint condition of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
η≤R f
determining a constraint condition of the maximum frequency deviation occurrence moment of a reserve capacity optimization model of the power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the following formula:
t d ≤t fset
t r ≤t rset
determining the constraint condition of the maximum offset of a reserve capacity optimization model of the power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the following formula:
Δf max ≤Δf set
in the above formula,. DELTA.P Rmin For the minimum primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, delta P, in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid RR,u,max Maximum primary frequency modulation capacity, P, allocated to the u-th new energy power station in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid R,u,max The maximum power generation amount P of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R,u The output of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid is calculated, eta is the frequency change rate of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, and R is the frequency change rate of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid f Given maximum frequency change rate, t, of electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid fset For the frequency recovery time threshold, t, of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid r Frequency recovery time, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid rset Acceptable time, t, of frequency recovery of electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid d Maximum frequency deviation time, deltaf, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid max Maximum frequency offset, delta f, of electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid set And the transient frequency offset is the transient frequency offset threshold of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
Example 2:
the invention provides a device for optimizing reserve capacity of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation, which comprises the following components as shown in figure 2:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid;
and the optimization module is used for optimizing the standby capacity of the new energy power station or the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid.
In this embodiment, the obtaining module includes:
the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to enable the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system to generate frequency disturbance;
and the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
In this embodiment, the optimization module is specifically configured to:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to a power grid transient frequency offset threshold value and the frequency recovery time is less than or equal to a power grid frequency recovery time threshold value, solving a pre-established backup capacity optimization model of the power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and acquiring the optimal backup capacity of the new energy power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal backup capacity of the thermal power plant participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
otherwise, the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid are adjusted until the transient frequency offset is smaller than or equal to the transient frequency offset threshold of the power grid and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the frequency recovery time threshold of the power grid, and the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the adjusted power grid are used as the optimal standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the power grid.
Further, adjusting the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid includes:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to the grid transient frequency offset threshold and the transient frequency recovery time is greater than the grid frequency recoveryIncreasing the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid by 1% P after the time threshold is reset eRR Reducing the reserve capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid
Figure BDA0003011309340000101
If the transient frequency offset is larger than the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, keeping the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid unchanged, and increasing the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid by 1% eGR Or optionally selecting a thermal power plant which does not participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to start the thermal power plant to participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
wherein, P eRR The rated capacity P of a new energy power station in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid RR,Z Increased reserve capacity, H, for new energy power station participating in primary frequency modulation of power grid in electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid GR The number P of thermal power plants participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid eGR The method is the rated capacity of the thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
Further, the pre-established objective function of the backup capacity optimization model for participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid by the power generation station comprises the following steps:
determining an objective function of a pre-established reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003011309340000111
in the above formula, F is the purpose of the reserve capacity optimization model of the power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power gridValue of the standard function, Δ P RR,u For the primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, N, of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R The number u belongs to [1-N ] of new energy power stations in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R ]，ΔP GR,k For the primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, N, of the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid G The number k belongs to [1-N ] of the thermal power plants in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid G ]，k R,u A mark k for the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid G,k Marking participation of a kth thermal power plant in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, wherein when k is R,u When the frequency is not less than 1, the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is less than 1 R,u And when the k is not less than 0, the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when the k is less than 0 G,k And when the frequency is not less than 1, the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is equal G,k And when the frequency is not less than 0, the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid.
Further, the pre-established constraint conditions of the backup capacity optimization model for the power generation station to participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid include:
determining a constraint condition of the sum of primary frequency modulation reserve capacity of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003011309340000112
determining a primary frequency modulation reserve capacity constraint condition of a new energy power station of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
ΔP RR,u ≤min(ΔP RR,u,max ,P R,u,max -P R,u )
determining the frequency change rate constraint condition of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
η≤R f
determining a constraint condition of the maximum frequency deviation occurrence moment of a reserve capacity optimization model of the power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the following formula:
t d ≤t fset
t r ≤t rset
determining the constraint condition of the maximum offset of a reserve capacity optimization model of the power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the following formula:
Δf max ≤Δf set
in the above formula,. DELTA.P Rmin For the minimum primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, delta P, in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid RR,u,max Maximum primary frequency modulation capacity, P, allocated to the u-th new energy power station in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid R,u,max The maximum power generation amount P of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R,u The output of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid is calculated, eta is the frequency change rate of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, and R is the frequency change rate of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid f Giving a maximum frequency change rate, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid fset A frequency recovery time threshold value, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid r Frequency recovery time, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid rset Acceptable time, t, of frequency recovery of electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid d Maximum frequency deviation time, deltaf, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid max Maximum frequency offset, deltaf, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the grid set And the transient frequency offset is the transient frequency offset threshold of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
Example 3:
the invention provides a method for optimizing reserve capacity of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid, wherein an objective function of the model is as follows:
Figure BDA0003011309340000121
in the above formula, F is the objective function value of the reserve capacity optimization model of the power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and delta P RR,u For the primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, N, of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R The number u belongs to [1-N ] of new energy power stations in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R ]，ΔP GR,k The reserve capacity of primary frequency modulation, N, of the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid G The number k belongs to [1-N ] of the thermal power plants in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid G ]，k R,u A mark k for the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid G,k Marking participation of a kth thermal power plant in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, wherein when k is R,u When the frequency is not less than 1, the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is less than 1 R,u When the frequency is not less than 0, the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is less than 0 G,k When the frequency is not less than 1, the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is equal G,k And when the frequency is not less than 0, the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid.
The constraints of the objective function include:
determining a constraint condition of the sum of primary frequency modulation reserve capacities of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003011309340000131
determining a primary frequency modulation reserve capacity constraint condition of a new energy power station of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
ΔP RR,u ≤min(ΔP RR,u,max ,P R,u,max -P R,u )
determining a frequency change rate constraint condition of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
η≤R f
determining a constraint condition of the maximum frequency deviation occurrence moment of a reserve capacity optimization model of the power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the following formula:
t d ≤t fset
t r ≤t rset
determining the constraint condition of the maximum offset of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Δf max ≤Δf set
in the above formula,. DELTA.P Rmin For the minimum primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, delta P, in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid RR,u,max Maximum primary frequency modulation capacity, P, allocated to the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R,u,max The maximum power generation amount P of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R,u The output of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid is obtained, eta is the frequency change rate of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, R f Giving a maximum frequency change rate, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid fset For the frequency recovery time threshold, t, of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid r Frequency recovery time, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid rset For the acceptable time of the frequency recovery of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid,t d maximum frequency deviation time, delta f, of electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid max Maximum frequency offset, delta f, of electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid set And the transient frequency offset is the transient frequency offset threshold of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
And 2, step: solving a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid, as shown in fig. 3:
step a, setting acceptable indexes of transient frequency deviation of a system, including maximum frequency deviation and recovery time; and then calculating the inertia of the system and the frequency modulation standby requirement offline, wherein the system is a power grid, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003011309340000141
Figure BDA0003011309340000142
in the above formula, H min For minimum inertia requirement of the grid, S sys To total capacity of the grid, H i Is the inertia constant of the ith power plant; s Ni Rated capacity of the i-th power plant, H R Inertia constant, S, of primary frequency-modulated stand-by unit R Is a primary frequency modulation spare capacity.
B, under a given initial operation mode, calculating an initial power flow, reading initial power output of each power station, primary frequency modulation reserve capacity of each unit, response time and adjustment time, and establishing an optimization model;
c, setting a large unit cutter or frequency disturbance caused by large load fluctuation, judging whether to optimize each constraint condition in the model by using electromechanical transient time domain simulation, and outputting a primary frequency modulation standby configuration result if the transient frequency offset or recovery time is less than or equal to an acceptable index; if yes, entering step d;
step d: checking that the acceptable indexes of the transient frequency deviation do not meet the conditions, if the maximum frequency deviation is larger than the acceptable indexes, indicating that the primary frequency modulation spare capacity of the system is insufficient, and entering the step e; if the system frequency recovery time is larger than the acceptable index, the system primary frequency modulation rapidity is insufficient, and the step f is entered; if the two indexes are simultaneously larger than the acceptable indexes, preferentially adjusting the primary frequency modulation reserve capacity of the system, and entering the step e;
step e: c, adding a conventional frequency modulation unit, or adding the primary frequency modulation standby capacity of each unit according to 1% of the capacity of the frequency modulation unit, and entering the step c;
step f: and (c) adding the primary frequency modulation reserve capacity of the new energy power generation to replace the primary frequency modulation reserve capacity of the thermal power generating unit according to 1% of the capacity of the new energy power station, and entering the step c.
Simulation verification is carried out on the method provided by the embodiment: and (3) properly simplifying the system on the basis of a certain actual power grid to obtain the simplified total installed capacity 1453MW, wherein the installed capacity of the new energy is 1000MW. The starting mode is 11 conventional units and 53 new energy power stations. The primary frequency modulation spare capacity is 75MW, and the primary frequency modulation is completely borne by a conventional unit. And (3) simulating the frequency disturbance of the power grid, cutting off 2 generators at 1s, and setting the total generator cutting capacity to be 7.5MW. The requirements for a given grid frequency regulation are a maximum frequency offset and a recovery time of 0.3Hz, 15s, respectively.
Comparing, analyzing and optimizing the transient change characteristics of the power grid frequency before and after: under the condition that the starting mode and the total spare capacity are kept unchanged, 45 new energy power stations are selected to participate in frequency modulation. Through optimization, the spare capacity of a conventional unit is 59MW, the spare capacity of new energy is 16MW, and the transient frequency change characteristic pair before and after optimization is shown in FIG. 4. It can be seen from the figure that, because the starting-up mode is not adjusted, the integral inertia level of the system is not changed, and the frequency change rate of the system is not changed. However, after the new energy participates in the primary frequency modulation of the system, the system frequency recovery time is 13.8s, which is 12.02s shorter than that of the original standby mode. In addition, the maximum frequency offset of the system is improved compared with the maximum frequency offset before optimization due to the fact that the new energy fast response compensates the power shortage of the system.
And comparing and analyzing the change characteristics of the transient frequency of the system in different new energy starting modes: as shown in fig. 5. It can be seen from the figure that changing the new energy startup mode has no influence on the inertia level of the system, the primary frequency modulation standby of the new energy is kept unchanged, and the transient frequency change characteristics of the system in different new energy startup modes are basically consistent. For the new energy to participate in the primary frequency modulation, only the frequency modulation supporting requirement, the consumption requirement and the reserve capacity required by economy are comprehensively considered from the system perspective, then a reserve plan is arranged according to a certain principle, and the influence of the starting mode problem of the new energy is not required to be considered. Therefore, the new energy power generation primary frequency modulation standby configuration scheme can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual operation condition of each power station under the condition of meeting the total capacity.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for optimizing reserve capacity of a power plant participating in primary frequency modulation, the method comprising:
acquiring transient frequency offset and frequency recovery time when frequency disturbance occurs to a power grid;
and optimizing the reserve capacity of the new energy power station or the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid comprises:
adjusting an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to enable the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system to generate frequency disturbance;
and acquiring the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optimizing the reserve capacity of the new energy power plant or the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid comprises:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the frequency recovery time is less than or equal to the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, solving a pre-established backup capacity optimization model of the power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and acquiring the optimal backup capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal backup capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
otherwise, the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid are adjusted until the transient frequency offset is smaller than or equal to the transient frequency offset threshold of the power grid and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the frequency recovery time threshold of the power grid, and the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the adjusted power grid are used as the optimal standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the power grid.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the adjusting of the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid comprises:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the transient frequency recovery time is greater than the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, increasing the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid by 1 percent P eRR Participating the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid into the power gridBackup capacity reduction for primary frequency modulation in thermal power plants
Figure FDA0003011309330000011
If the transient frequency offset is larger than the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, keeping the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid unchanged, and increasing the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid by 1% eGR Or optionally selecting a thermal power plant which does not participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to start the thermal power plant to participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
wherein, P eRR The rated capacity P of a new energy power station in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid RR,Z Adding reserve capacity H for new energy power station participating in power grid primary frequency modulation in electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid GR The number P of thermal power plants participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid eGR The rated capacity of the thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid is obtained.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the pre-established power generation plant participates in an objective function of a reserve capacity optimization model of grid primary frequency modulation, comprising:
determining an objective function of a pre-established reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003011309330000021
in the above formula, F is the objective function value of the backup capacity optimization model of the power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid, namely delta P RR,u Uth new energy power station in electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power gridPrimary frequency modulation reserve capacity, N R The number u belongs to [1-N ] of new energy power stations in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R ]，ΔP GR,k The reserve capacity of primary frequency modulation, N, of the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid G The number k belongs to [1-N ] of the thermal power plants in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid G ]，k R,u A mark k for the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid G,k Marking participation of a kth thermal power plant in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, wherein when k is R,u When the frequency is not less than 1, the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is less than 1 R,u When the frequency is not less than 0, the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is less than 0 G,k And when the frequency is not less than 1, the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid participates in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and when k is equal G,k And when the frequency is not less than 0, the kth thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid does not participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the pre-established constraints of the plant's participation in the grid primary frequency modulation reserve capacity optimization model include:
determining a constraint condition of the sum of primary frequency modulation reserve capacities of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003011309330000031
determining a primary frequency modulation reserve capacity constraint condition of a new energy power station of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
ΔP RR,u ≤min(ΔP RR,u,max ,P R,u,max -P R,u )
determining the frequency change rate constraint condition of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
η≤R f
determining a constraint condition of the maximum frequency deviation occurrence moment of a reserve capacity optimization model of the power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the following formula:
t d ≤t fset
t r ≤t rset
determining the constraint condition of the maximum offset of a reserve capacity optimization model of a power station participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid according to the following formula:
Δf max ≤Δf set
in the above formula,. DELTA.P Rmin For the minimum primary frequency modulation reserve capacity, delta P, in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid RR,u,max Maximum primary frequency modulation capacity, P, allocated to the u-th new energy power station in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid R,u,max The maximum power generation amount P of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid R,u The output of the u-th new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid is calculated, eta is the frequency change rate of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid, and R is the frequency change rate of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid f Giving a maximum frequency change rate, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid fset For the frequency recovery time threshold, t, of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid r Frequency recovery time, t, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid rset Acceptable time, t, for frequency recovery of electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid d Maximum frequency deviation time, deltaf, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to a power grid max Maximum frequency offset, deltaf, of an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the grid set And the transient frequency offset is the transient frequency offset threshold of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
7. A device for optimizing reserve capacity of a power plant participating in primary frequency modulation, the device comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid;
and the optimization module is used for optimizing the standby capacity of the new energy power station or the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid according to the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time when the frequency disturbance occurs to the power grid.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the acquisition module comprises:
the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to enable the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system to generate frequency disturbance;
and the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the transient frequency offset and the frequency recovery time of the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the optimization module is specifically configured to:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to a power grid transient frequency offset threshold value and the frequency recovery time is less than or equal to a power grid frequency recovery time threshold value, solving a pre-established backup capacity optimization model of the power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, and acquiring the optimal backup capacity of the new energy power station participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal backup capacity of the thermal power plant participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
otherwise, the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid are adjusted until the transient frequency offset is smaller than or equal to the transient frequency offset threshold of the power grid and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the frequency recovery time threshold of the power grid, and the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the adjusted power grid are used as the optimal standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid and the optimal standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the power grid.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the adjusting the grid-based electromechanical transient time domain simulation system comprises:
if the transient frequency offset is less than or equal to the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the transient frequency recovery time is greater than the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, increasing the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid by 1 percent P eRR Reducing the reserve capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid
Figure FDA0003011309330000041
If the transient frequency offset is larger than the power grid transient frequency offset threshold and the frequency recovery time is smaller than or equal to the power grid frequency recovery time threshold, keeping the standby capacity of the new energy power station participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid unchanged, and increasing the standby capacity of the thermal power plant participating in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid by 1% eGR Or optionally selecting a thermal power plant which does not participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid to start the thermal power plant to participate in the primary frequency modulation of the power grid;
wherein, P eRR The rated capacity, P, of the new energy power station in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid RR,Z Increased reserve capacity, H, for new energy power station participating in primary frequency modulation of power grid in electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to power grid GR The number P of thermal power plants participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid in an electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid eGR The method is the rated capacity of the thermal power plant in the electromechanical transient time domain simulation system corresponding to the power grid.
CN202110376852.0A 2021-04-08 2021-04-08 Method and device for optimizing reserve capacity of power station participating in primary frequency modulation Pending CN115207983A (en)

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