CN115207621A - Artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficiency end-fire antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an artificial surface plasmon high-caliber efficiency end-fire antenna which comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate are respectively provided with a dielectric substrate top layer and a dielectric substrate bottom layer, the dielectric substrate bottom layer is provided with a grounding metal layer, the dielectric substrate top layer is provided with a top surface metal layer, the top surface metal layer is provided with a balun structure, gradient parallel double lines, transition parallel double lines and an artificial surface plasmon radiation strip, one end of the balun structure is a feed port, the other end of the balun structure is connected with the end part of the transition parallel double lines through connecting the gradient parallel double lines, and the other end part of the transition parallel double lines is connected with the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips which are arranged in pairs; the artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna has the advantages of high aperture efficiency, low profile, wide working bandwidth, high directionality, high gain, small overall size and the like.

Description

High Aperture Efficiency Endfire Antenna for Artificial Surface Plasmon

technical field

The invention relates to an artificial surface plasmon polariton high-caliber efficiency end-fire antenna, which belongs to the technical field of antennas.

Background technique

Artificial surface plasmon is a kind of dispersive surface wave excited on the periodic metal surface, which has strong field binding. The microwave devices designed by this mode have the characteristics of low transmission loss and easy common type, so they have been widely studied. In recent years, end-fire antennas based on artificial surface plasmons have also gained a lot of attention.

However, the current end-fire antennas based on artificial surface plasmons still have the following problems: 1) The way to achieve end-fire is still to rely on resonant radiators such as dipole arrays, which will lead to the design of antennas with large The lateral size and the occupied space are large, which makes the aperture efficiency of the antenna low; 2) Due to the design of the resonant radiator, there is a problem of narrow operating bandwidth.

For example, Chinese patent application CN202111621835.5 discloses a broadband high-gain planar end-fire antenna based on artificial surface plasmon. In this patent, a plurality of I-type resonators are used in the transition part, and the radiating part adopts a gradual opening structure, which leads to excessively large horizontal and vertical electrical dimensions of the antenna and low aperture efficiency.

In addition, the existing end-fire antennas relying on artificial surface plasmon radiation will adopt an asymmetric structure, which will cause the maximum radiation direction of the antenna to be shifted from the direction of the end-fire, resulting in poor directivity of the antenna. Antenna assembly brings trouble. At the same time, using a resonant radiator or using an asymmetric artificial surface plasmon structure complicates the design of the antenna.

The above problems are problems that should be considered and solved in the design and production process of the end-fire antenna.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an artificial surface plasmon polariton high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna, which has the characteristics of high-aperture efficiency, low profile, wide operating bandwidth and good end-fire direction directivity, which solves the problems existing in the prior art. The aperture efficiency is low, the profile is high, the working bandwidth is narrow, the size is large, the radiation direction is shifted and the design is complicated.

The technical solution of the present invention is:

An artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate respectively form a top layer of the dielectric substrate and a bottom layer of the dielectric substrate, the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate is provided with a grounding metal layer, and the top layer of the dielectric substrate is provided with a top surface Metal layer, the top metal layer is provided with balun structure, graded parallel double line, transition parallel double line and artificial surface plasmon radiation strips, one end of the balun structure is the feeding port, and the other end of the balun structure passes through Connecting the gradient parallel double line connects the ends of the transition parallel double line, and the other end of the transition parallel double line connects the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips arranged in pairs, and a gap is formed between the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips and Axisymmetrically arranged, the balun structure and the ground metal layer are correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate, through the balun structure and the transition structure formed by the gradient parallel double line and the transition parallel double line, the artificial surface plasmon radiation stripe The currents on both sides are fed in phase.

Further, the balun structure includes a first microstrip line, a double microstrip line and a parallel double line, the double microstrip line includes a second microstrip line and a third microstrip line, and the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line Microstrip lines that are bent into a U shape and whose total length differs by half a wavelength are respectively used. One end of the first microstrip line is the feed port of the antenna, and the other end of the first microstrip line is connected to the second microstrip line on both sides. And the third microstrip line, the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line are connected with gradient parallel double lines.

Further, the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line are respectively U-shaped microstrip lines with opposite bending directions.

Further, the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip includes an artificial surface plasmon transition segment, a periodic rectangular patch segment, an artificial surface plasmon gradient segment and a patch, and one end of the periodic rectangular patch segment passes through the artificial surface. The plasmon transition section is connected to the gradient parallel double line, the other end of the periodic rectangular patch segment is connected to the artificial surface plasmon gradient section, and the patches are arranged at the outer side of the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip at equal intervals.

Further, the inner side of the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips are provided with gaps and are arranged parallel to each other.

Further, the patch includes a first periodic patch, a rectangular patch and a second periodic patch, the top of the first periodic patch is provided with a first slope, and the bottom end of the first periodic patch is provided on the artificial surface. On the outer side of the surface plasmon transition section, the rectangular patch is arranged on the outer side of the periodic rectangular patch, and the height of the rectangular patch is the same. The top of the second periodic patch is provided with a second slope, and the second periodic patch The bottom end of the artificial surface plasmon is arranged outside the gradual change section of the artificial surface plasmon.

Further, the height of the first periodic patch gradually increases from the end of the far-periodic rectangular patch to the end of the near-periodic rectangular patch, and the height of the second periodic patch is from the end of the far-periodic rectangular patch to the end of the near-periodic rectangular patch. The end of the rectangle sticker gradually decreases.

Further, by adjusting the height of the rectangular patch on the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip, the dispersion curve of the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip can be adjusted, so as to realize the adjustment of the working frequency and bandwidth of the antenna: when the rectangular When the height of the patch increases, the working frequency of the antenna decreases and the working bandwidth becomes narrow; when the height of the rectangular patch decreases, the working frequency of the antenna increases and the working bandwidth becomes wider.

Further, by adjusting the number of rectangular patches on the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip, the regulation of the length of the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip is realized, so as to realize the regulation of the antenna gain and beam width: When the number of rectangular patches increases, the gain of the antenna increases and the beam width becomes narrower; when the number of rectangular patches decreases, the gain of the antenna decreases and the beam width becomes wider.

Further, by adjusting the total length of the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line in the balun structure, the regulation of the antenna operating frequency is realized: when the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line in the balun structure are When the total length difference increases, the antenna operating frequency becomes smaller, on the contrary, when the total length difference decreases, the antenna operating frequency becomes larger.

The technical solution of the present invention is:

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna has the advantages of high-aperture efficiency, low profile, wide operating bandwidth, high directivity, high gain, small overall size, simple structure and easy processing; The existing end-fire antennas based on artificial surface plasmons have problems such as low aperture efficiency, high profile, narrow bandwidth, offset radiation direction, large lateral size and complex design, etc., and can be applied to the millimeter wave frequency band.

2. This kind of artificial surface plasmon polariton high-aperture efficiency end-fire antenna, through the opposite current realized by the balun structure, the artificial surface plasmon polariton radiation strips arranged symmetrically up and down form a dipole array, thus realizing the antenna end-fire radiation. At the same time, the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip is used as the radiation source of the antenna, which reduces the overall size of the antenna, reduces the metal occupied area, realizes the small diameter of the antenna, and achieves high gain while reducing the diameter of the antenna. High caliber efficiency is achieved.

3. This artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficiency end-fire antenna realizes the impedance of the antenna through the transition of the gradient parallel double line, the transition parallel double line and the artificial surface plasmon transition section through the current passing through the balun structure. matching, thus achieving a wider bandwidth.

4. The present invention uses the balun structure to feed a pair of completely symmetrical artificial surface plasmon radiation strips, which avoids the problem of pattern inclination caused by the asymmetric structure, thereby realizing high directional radiation in the end-fire direction. .

5. This kind of artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficiency end-fire antenna realizes the matching of electromagnetic waves through the gradual change of the artificial surface plasmon gradient section, so that the electromagnetic waves can be effectively radiated into the free space, and the comparison high gain.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficient end-fire antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top surface structure of an artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged schematic view of A in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged schematic view of B in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged schematic view of C in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged schematic view of D in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a bottom surface structure of an artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna according to an embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the simulated and measured S-parameters of the artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficient end-fire antenna according to the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a 9G pattern of an artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficient end-fire antenna according to an embodiment, wherein FIG. 9(a) is the simulated and measured coplanar polarization and cross-polarization diagrams of the E surface, and FIG. 9 (b) are the simulated and measured coplanar polarization and cross polarization plots of the H-plane.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a 10G pattern of an artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna according to an embodiment, wherein FIG. 10(a) is the simulated and measured coplanar polarization and cross-polarization diagrams of the E surface, and FIG. 10 (b) are the simulated and measured coplanar polarization and cross polarization plots of the H-plane.

11 is a schematic diagram of the 11G pattern of the artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of the embodiment; wherein, FIG. 11(a) is the simulated and measured coplanar polarization and cross-polarization diagrams of the E surface, and FIG. 11 (b) are the simulated and measured coplanar polarization and cross polarization plots of the H-plane.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the simulated and measured gain and efficiency of the artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficiency end-fire antenna according to the embodiment.

Among them: 11- top layer of dielectric substrate, 12- top metal layer, 13- balun structure, 14- graded parallel double line, 15- transition parallel double line, 16- artificial surface plasmon radiation strip, 17- gap ;

131-first microstrip line, 132-second microstrip line, 133-third microstrip line, 134-parallel double line;

161-Artificial surface plasmon transition segment, 162-periodic rectangular patch segment, 163-artificial surface plasmon gradient segment, 164-first periodic patch, 165-rectangular patch, 166-second period Sex patch, 167-first bevel, 168-second bevel;

21- bottom layer of dielectric substrate, 22- ground metal layer.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example

An artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 7, includes a dielectric substrate, and the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate respectively form the top layer 11 of the dielectric substrate, the bottom layer 21 of the dielectric substrate, and the bottom layer 21 of the dielectric substrate A ground metal layer 22 is provided.

1 and 2, the top layer 11 of the dielectric substrate is provided with a top metal layer 12, and the top metal layer 12 is provided with a balun structure 13, graded parallel double lines 14, transition parallel double lines 15 and artificial surface plasmon radiation The strip 16, one end of the balun structure 13 is the feeding port, the other end of the balun structure 13 is connected to the end of the transition parallel double line 15 by connecting the gradient parallel double line 14, and the other end of the transition parallel double line 15 is connected to form a For the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips 16, a gap 17 is formed between the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips 16 and is axially symmetrical, and the balun structure 13 and the ground metal layer 22 are correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate. , the currents on both sides of the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip 16 are fed in phase through the balun structure 13 and the transition structure formed by the gradient parallel double line 14 and the transition parallel double line 15 .

The artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna has the advantages of high-aperture efficiency, low profile, wide working bandwidth, high directivity, high gain, small overall size, simple structure and easy processing; The end-fire antenna based on artificial surface plasmon has the problems of high profile, low aperture efficiency, narrow bandwidth, offset radiation direction, large lateral size and complex design, etc., and can be applied to the millimeter wave frequency band.

2 and 3, the balun structure 13 includes a first microstrip line 131, a double microstrip line and a parallel double line 134, and the double microstrip line includes a second microstrip line 132 and a third microstrip line 133, the second The microstrip line 132 and the third microstrip line 133 are respectively microstrip lines that are bent into a U shape and whose lengths differ by half a wavelength. One end of the first microstrip line 131 is the feeding port of the antenna, and the first microstrip line 131 Two sides of the other end are respectively connected to the second microstrip line 132 and the third microstrip line 133 , and the second microstrip line 132 and the third microstrip line 133 are connected to the gradient parallel double line 14 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the opposite currents realized by the balun structure 13 make the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips 16 arranged symmetrically up and down to form a dipole array, thereby realizing the end-fire radiation of the antenna. At the same time, the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip 16 is used as the radiation source of the antenna, which reduces the overall size of the antenna, reduces the area occupied by the metal, and realizes a small diameter of the antenna, thereby achieving high-aperture efficiency.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the feeding part adopts a balun structure 13 with a phase shift of 180°. In the balun structure 13, the first microstrip line 131 passes through two high-impedance second microstrip lines 132 and a third microstrip line 132. The strip line 133 is connected to the parallel double line 134, the second microstrip line 132 and the third microstrip line 133 are formed by a U-shaped curved microstrip line, and the lengths of the second microstrip line 132 and the third microstrip line 133 differ by half. wavelength. The feed at the front end of the first microstrip line 131 forms two currents with a phase difference of 180° at the end of the parallel double line 134 after passing through the double microstrip line, and then transitions to artificial after passing through the gradient parallel double line 14 and the transition parallel double line 15 . The surface plasmon radiation strip 16 reaches the end-fire direction radiation.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the second microstrip line 132 and the third microstrip line 133 respectively adopt U-shaped microstrip lines with opposite bending directions, which can avoid the coupling between the two microstrip lines caused by bending in the same direction. The first microstrip line 131 is preferably a 50ohm microstrip line.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 7 , by arranging the gradient parallel double wire 14 and the transition parallel double wire 15 , the structure is simple, the electrical size is small, and the processing is easy. The bottom layer 21 of the dielectric substrate is provided with a ground metal layer 22 having a length corresponding to the balun structure 13 .

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip 16 includes the artificial surface plasmon transition section 161, the periodic rectangular patch section 162, the artificial surface plasmon gradually changing section 163 and the patch, the periodic One end of the rectangular patch segment 162 is connected to the gradient parallel double line 14 through the artificial surface plasmon transition segment 161, and the other end of the periodic rectangular patch segment 162 is connected to the artificial surface plasmon gradient segment 163. The patches are arranged at equal intervals in the artificial surface. The outer side of the surface plasmon radiation strip 16 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the inner side of the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip 16 is provided with a gap 17 and is arranged parallel to each other. By arranging two completely parallel artificial surface plasmon radiation strips 16, and the gap 17 between the two artificial surface plasmon radiation strips 16 is a gap of equal width, it is possible to realize the antenna with small lateral size and high height. Aperture efficiency, avoiding the problems of increasing the lateral size of the antenna, reducing the aperture efficiency and complex processing.

As shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the patch includes a first periodic patch 164 , a rectangular patch 165 and a second periodic patch 166 . The top of the first periodic patch 164 is provided with a first periodic patch 164 . The inclined plane 167, the bottom end of the first periodic patch 164 is arranged on the outside of the artificial surface plasmon transition section 161, the rectangular patch 165 is arranged on the outer side of the periodic rectangular patch segment 162, and the height of the rectangular patches 165 is the same , the top of the second periodic patch is provided with a second inclined surface 168 , and the bottom end of the second periodic patch 166 is provided outside the artificial surface plasmon gradient segment 163 . The first inclined surface 167 can better realize the transition from the parallel double line 15 to the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip 16, and the second inclined surface 168 realizes the connection between the antenna and the free space through the artificial surface plasmon whose height is gradually reduced. Phase matching, so that electromagnetic waves are better radiated into free space.

As shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 , the height of the first periodic patch 164 gradually increases from the end of the far-periodic rectangular tile segment 162 to the end of the near-periodic rectangular tile segment 162 . The height of the second periodic patch 166 gradually decreases from the end of the far periodic rectangular tile segment 162 to the end of the near periodic rectangular tile segment 162 . The first periodic patch 164 can better realize the transition from the parallel double lines 15 to the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips 16, without additionally setting the I-type resonator, and at the same time, a shorter length ratio can be achieved, reducing the The overall size of the antenna; the second periodic patch 166 realizes the phase matching between the antenna and the free space through artificial surface plasmons whose height is gradually reduced, so that electromagnetic waves can be better radiated into the free space.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip 16 is used for radiation, and the traveling wave mode is transmitted, which enables the antenna to have a wider working bandwidth. The current passing through the balun structure 13 passes through the transition of the graded parallel bi-wire 14, the transition parallel bi-wire 15 and the artificial surface plasmon transition section 161, so as to realize the impedance matching of the antenna, thereby further realizing a wider bandwidth; The gradual change of the artificial surface plasmon gradual change section 163 realizes the matching of electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic waves can be effectively radiated into the free space, and a higher gain is achieved.

In the embodiment, by adjusting the height of the rectangular patch 165 on the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip 16, the regulation of the dispersion curve of the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip 16 is realized, thereby realizing the adjustment of the working frequency and bandwidth of the antenna. Adjustment: when the height of the rectangular patch 165 increases, the working frequency of the antenna decreases and the working bandwidth becomes narrow; when the height of the rectangular patch 165 decreases, the working frequency of the antenna increases and the working bandwidth becomes wider.

In the embodiment, by adjusting the number of 165 rectangular patches on the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip 16, the regulation of the length of the artificial surface plasmon radiation strip 16 is realized, thereby realizing the antenna gain and beam. Width regulation: when the number of rectangular patches increases, the gain of the antenna increases and the beam width becomes narrower; when the number of rectangular patches decreases, the gain of the antenna decreases and the beam width becomes wider.

The artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna can adjust the operating frequency of the antenna by adjusting the lengths of the second microstrip line 132 and the third microstrip line 133 in the balun structure 13 . When the total length difference between the second microstrip line 132 and the third microstrip line 133 in the balun structure 13 increases, the antenna operating frequency becomes smaller; on the contrary, when the total length difference decreases, the antenna operating frequency becomes larger.

This artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficiency end-fire antenna is significantly different from the current artificial surface plasmon end-fire antenna. Structurally: the existing artificial surface plasmon end-fire antenna usually adopts an asymmetric structure or uses a resonant radiator, and the artificial surface plasmon end-fire antenna of the embodiment adopts a completely symmetrical structure; the principle Above: The artificial surface plasmon has strong field binding property, which cannot make the energy radiate to the free space effectively. In order to realize the radiation of the artificial surface plasmon to the free space, the field distribution must be destroyed. The existing artificial surface plasmon end-fire antenna uses the artificial surface plasmon transmission line as the feed of the antenna, and radiates by coupling the energy on the artificial surface plasmon transmission line to the radiator, or using asymmetric The artificial plasmon endfire antenna of the structure is constructed by exciting a differential electric field on the artificial plasmon radiation strip 16 . In the artificial surface plasmon end-fire antenna of the embodiment, the balun structure 13 is used to feed the dipole artificial surface plasmon, so as to realize the effective radiation of energy.

The artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna adopts a thin dielectric substrate with a single-layer metal structure to achieve a low profile, and the symmetrical structure adopted makes the end-fire beam formed by the antenna not tilted. Finally, the antenna has the characteristics of low profile, wide working bandwidth, high aperture efficiency, good end-fire directivity and small size, and can be used in the microwave field.

The simulation and actual measurement verification results of the embodiment are as follows:

FIG. 8 is an S-parameter diagram of an artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna according to an embodiment. The antenna has a working bandwidth of 9-11 GHz, a relative bandwidth of 20%, and a wider working bandwidth.

Fig. 9, Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 are the patterns of 9 GHz, 10 GHz and 11 GHz of the artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of the embodiment, respectively. It can be seen from the pattern that the beam is not inclined in the end-fire direction, Has excellent end-fire performance.

Figure 12 shows the gain and radiation efficiency obtained by taking points every 0.1GHz in the 9-11GHz frequency band of the artificial surface plasmon high-aperture-efficiency end-fire antenna of the embodiment. The antenna has the highest gain of 13.3dBi, and the average radiation efficiency is 98 %, with high gain and high radiation efficiency.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions under the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an artificial surface plasmon high-aperture efficiency end-fire antenna, includes the dielectric substrate, the upper and lower two sides of dielectric substrate form dielectric substrate top layer and dielectric substrate bottom respectively, and the dielectric substrate bottom is equipped with ground metal layer, its characterized in that: the top surface metal layer is provided with a balun structure, gradient parallel double lines, transition parallel double lines and artificial surface plasmon radiation strips, one end of the balun structure is a feed port, the other end of the balun structure is connected with the end portions of the transition parallel double lines through the connection of the gradient parallel double lines, the other end portions of the transition parallel double lines are connected with the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips which are arranged in pairs, gaps are formed among the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips and are arranged in an axisymmetric mode, the balun structure and the grounding metal layer are correspondingly arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and current on two sides of the artificial surface plasmon radiation strips is fed in phase through the balun structure and through the transition structure formed by the gradient parallel double lines and the transition parallel double lines.

2. The artificial surface plasmon high aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of claim 1, wherein: the balun structure comprises a first microstrip line, a double microstrip line and a parallel double line, wherein the double microstrip line comprises a second microstrip line and a third microstrip line, the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line are respectively bent into a U shape, the total length of the microstrip lines differs by half of wavelength, one end of the first microstrip line is a feed port of an antenna, two sides of the other end of the first microstrip line are respectively connected with the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line, and the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line are connected with the gradual change parallel double line.

3. The artificial surface plasmon high aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of claim 2, wherein: the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line are respectively U-shaped microstrip lines with opposite bending directions.

4. The artificial surface plasmon high aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of any of claims 1-3, wherein: artifical surface plasmon radiation strip includes artifical surface plasmon changeover portion, periodic rectangle pastes fragment, artifical surface plasmon transition section and a plurality of paster, and the one end of periodic rectangle pastes the fragment connects the parallel double-line of gradual change through artifical surface plasmon changeover portion, and artifical surface plasmon transition section is connected to the other end of periodic rectangle pastes the fragment, and the paster is equidistant to be located the outside of artifical surface plasmon radiation strip.

5. The artificial surface plasmon high aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of claim 4, wherein: the inside of artifical surface plasmon radiation strip is equipped with the clearance and mutual parallel arrangement.

6. The artificial surface plasmon high aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of claim 4, characterized by: the paster includes first periodic paster, rectangle paster and second periodic paster, and the top of first periodic paster is equipped with first inclined plane, and the outside of artifical surface plasmon changeover portion is located to the bottom of first periodic paster, and the outside of periodic rectangle paster section is located to the rectangle paster, and the height of rectangle paster is the same, and the top of second periodic paster is equipped with the second inclined plane, and the outside of artifical surface plasmon transition section is located to the bottom of second periodic paster.

7. The artificial surface plasmon high aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of claim 6, wherein: the height of the first periodic patch gradually increases from the far periodic rectangular patch segment end to the near periodic rectangular patch segment end, and the height of the second periodic patch gradually decreases from the far periodic rectangular patch segment end to the near periodic rectangular patch segment end.

8. The artificial surface plasmon high aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of claim 6 or 7, characterized by: through the rectangle paster height on the adjustment artifical surface plasmon radiation strip, realize the regulation and control to the dispersion curve of artifical surface plasmon radiation strip to the realization is to the regulation of antenna operating frequency and bandwidth: when the height of the rectangular patch is increased, the working frequency of the antenna is reduced, and the working bandwidth is narrowed; when the height of the rectangular patch is lowered, the operating frequency of the antenna is raised and the operating bandwidth is widened.

9. The artificial surface plasmon high aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of claim 6 or 7, wherein: through adjusting the rectangle paster number on the artifical surface plasmon radiation strip, realize the regulation and control to the length of artifical surface plasmon radiation strip to the realization is to the regulation and control of this antenna gain and beam width: when the number of the rectangular patches is increased, the gain of the antenna is improved, and the beam width is narrowed; when the number of rectangular patches is reduced, the gain of the antenna is reduced and the beam width is widened.

10. The artificial surface plasmon high aperture efficiency end-fire antenna of any of claims 1-3, wherein: the total length of a second microstrip line and a third microstrip line in the balun structure is adjusted to realize the regulation and control of the working frequency of the antenna: when the total length difference value of the second microstrip line and the third microstrip line in the balun structure is increased, the working frequency of the antenna is reduced, and conversely, when the total length difference value is reduced, the working frequency of the antenna is increased.

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