CN115207409B - Shutdown purging method of fuel cell system - Google Patents
Shutdown purging method of fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115207409B CN115207409B CN202211112406.XA CN202211112406A CN115207409B CN 115207409 B CN115207409 B CN 115207409B CN 202211112406 A CN202211112406 A CN 202211112406A CN 115207409 B CN115207409 B CN 115207409B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04179—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by purging or increasing flow or pressure of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shutdown purging method of a fuel cell system, which comprises the following steps: controlling the pressure of a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile to be P1, and controlling the pressure of the hydrogen inlet by controlling the opening of a hydrogen proportional valve; opening the gas and water discharge valve for n times, and purging the anode of the galvanic pile by the hydrogen supply unit; increasing the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve, increasing the pressure of the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile to reach P2, then reducing the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve until the galvanic pile is closed, opening the gas and water discharge valve to discharge and release pressure outwards while reducing the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve, and purging the recirculation pipeline; when the anode pressure is reduced to P3, closing the gas and water discharge valve to complete primary purging; and opening the hydrogen proportional valve, increasing the opening of the hydrogen proportional valve, and enabling the pressure of the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile to rise and reach P2 for next purging. The invention effectively reduces the residual liquid water in the recirculation pipeline by controlling the pressure change of the recirculation pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a shutdown purging method of a fuel cell system.
Background
The fuel cell system needs to purge the anode of the galvanic pile in the shutdown process, when the purging is performed, hydrogen flows into the galvanic pile through the ejector, the hydrogen is discharged from the galvanic pile and then is discharged from the gas-water separator, and then the residual gas is upwards recycled to enter the ejector.
In the purging process, liquid drops in the recycle gas cannot be thoroughly separated, in addition, water vapor can be condensed into liquid drops and can remain in the recycle pipeline, and meanwhile, the reflux quantity of the ejector is small under the purging working condition, so that the liquid drops cannot be purged upwards and taken away. If the fuel cell system is not started for a long time after being stopped, liquid drops on the inner wall surface of the recirculation pipeline gradually slide into the gas-water separator and finally accumulate at the inlet of the drainage exhaust valve, so that the drainage exhaust pipeline or the drainage exhaust valve is frozen and blocked at the freezing point ambient temperature, and the next starting of the fuel cell system is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve one of the above technical problems, and provides a shutdown purging method for a fuel cell system, which effectively reduces residual liquid water in a recirculation line by controlling pressure variation of the recirculation line.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a shutdown purging method of a fuel cell system comprises an electric pile, a hydrogen proportional valve, an ejector, a gas-water separator, a drainage exhaust valve and a hydrogen supply unit, wherein the electric pile comprises a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, the gas-water separator comprises a circulating outlet A, the ejector comprises a suction inlet B, the hydrogen supply unit, the hydrogen proportional valve, the ejector and an anode inlet of the electric pile are sequentially connected, an anode outlet of the electric pile, the gas-water separator and the drainage exhaust valve are sequentially connected, and the circulating outlet A of the gas-water separator is connected with the suction inlet B of the ejector through a recirculation pipeline; the shutdown purging method of the fuel cell system comprises the following steps:
after the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction, performing stack anode first-stage purging, specifically: controlling the pressure of a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile to be P1, and controlling the pressure of the hydrogen inlet by controlling the opening of a hydrogen proportional valve; opening the gas and water discharge valve for n times, purging the anode of the galvanic pile by the hydrogen supply unit, wherein the flow direction of gas in the recirculation pipeline flows from the circulation output port A of the gas-water separator to the suction port B of the ejector;
entering a second-stage purging process, which specifically comprises the following steps: increasing the opening degree of a hydrogen proportional valve, increasing the pressure of a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile to reach a target pressure P2, then reducing the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve until the galvanic pile is closed, opening an exhaust drain valve to discharge and release the pressure outwards while reducing the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve, wherein the gas in the recirculation pipeline flows to a circulation output port A of the gas-water separator from a suction port B of the ejector, and purging the recirculation pipeline; when the anode pressure is reduced to P3, closing the gas and water discharge valve to complete primary purging; opening the hydrogen proportional valve, increasing the opening of the hydrogen proportional valve to enable the pressure of the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile to rise and reach P2, and carrying out next purging;
the pressure P2> P1> P3> ambient pressure.
Further, the shutdown purging method of the fuel cell system further comprises the following steps: and (5) repeatedly carrying out second-stage purging for m times.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: the invention can effectively reduce the residual liquid water in the recirculation pipeline by controlling the pressure change of the recirculation pipeline and utilizing the gravity characteristic under the condition of not adding additional equipment, thereby preventing the drainage pipeline or the drainage exhaust valve from icing and blocking.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a fuel cell system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of a shutdown purge method of a fuel cell system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of purge gas in the recirculation circuit of example 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing changes in anode pressure, drain vent valve, and proportional valve opening during shutdown purge for a fuel cell system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the present application is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a fuel cell system, including galvanic pile 1, air compressor machine 2, hydrogen proportional valve 3, ejector 4, gas-water separator 5, drainage discharge valve 6, hydrogen supply unit 7 and pressure sensor 8, galvanic pile 1 includes the hydrogen entry, the hydrogen export, air inlet and air outlet, gas-water separator 5 includes circulation delivery outlet A, ejector 4 includes sunction inlet B, hydrogen supply unit 7, hydrogen proportional valve 3, ejector 4 and galvanic pile 1's positive pole entry connects gradually, galvanic pile 1's positive pole export, gas-water separator 5 and drainage discharge valve 6 connect gradually, gas-water separator 5's circulation delivery outlet A passes through recirculation pipeline and connects ejector 4's sunction inlet B. The pressure sensor 8 is used for monitoring the hydrogen inlet pressure of the galvanic pile 1 in real time.
Specifically, the hydrogen supply unit 7 is connected with the hydrogen proportional valve 3 through a hydrogen supply pipeline, the hydrogen proportional valve 3 is connected with the ejector 4 through a hydrogen inlet pipeline, the ejector 4 is connected with the anode inlet of the galvanic pile 1 through a pile inlet pipeline, the anode outlet of the galvanic pile 1 is connected with the gas-water separator 5 through a pile outlet pipeline, and the gas-water separator 5 is connected with the drainage exhaust valve 6 through a drainage exhaust pipeline. The spatial layout of the recirculation pipeline is generally in a vertical upward or upward direction, namely the suction inlet B of the ejector 4 is above the circular output A of the gas-water separator 5, so as to inhibit liquid water from entering the ejector 4.
When the fuel cell system of the embodiment is shut down, the fuel cell system needs to be purged, and the purging process is divided into two stages: in the first stage of purging, purging is performed on anodes of the electric pile 1 and connecting pipelines (including a hydrogen supply pipeline, a pile inlet pipeline, a pile outlet pipeline and a water discharge and exhaust pipeline) except for a recirculation pipeline, so that residual water in the anodes of the electric pile 1 and each connecting pipeline is discharged; and in the second stage of purging, purging is carried out on the recycling pipeline, and residual water on the inner wall surface of the recycling pipeline is removed.
The fuel cell system of the embodiment can effectively reduce the residual liquid water in the circulating pipeline.
Example 2
The present embodiment discloses a shutdown purging method of a fuel cell system based on the fuel cell system of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, including the following steps:
after the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction, the power of the electric pile 1 is reduced to the minimum power, the hydrogen supply unit 7 continuously supplies hydrogen to the electric pile 1, and the fuel cell system starts shutdown purging; as shown in fig. 4, firstly, performing a first-stage purging of the anode of the stack 1, controlling the pressure of the hydrogen inlet of the stack 1 to be P1, and controlling the opening of the hydrogen proportional valve 3 to control the pressure of the hydrogen inlet, thereby maintaining the pressure of the hydrogen inlet; opening the gas and water discharge valve 6 for n times, purging the anode of the electric pile 1 by the hydrogen supply unit 7, namely stopping purging after a certain time of purging to enable liquid water to be gathered again, and then purging again, wherein the time for opening the gas and water discharge valve 6 each time is set as a limited time period; in the purging process, the flowing direction of the gas in the recirculation pipeline is from the circulating output port A of the gas-water separator 5 to the suction port B of the ejector 4, as shown in fig. 3 (a), the ejector 4 has small hydrogen spraying flow, so that the ejection circulating flow is small, and liquid drops attached to the inner wall surface of the recirculation pipeline are difficult to blow away upwards; wherein n is determined by actual calibration of the fuel cell system;
after the first-stage purging is completed, the second-stage purging process is carried out, as shown in fig. 4, the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve 3 is increased, the pressure of the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile 1 is increased and reaches a target pressure P2, then the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve 3 is reduced until the hydrogen proportional valve is closed, the exhaust/drain valve 6 is opened while the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve 3 is reduced to discharge and release pressure, at this time, as the hydrogen proportional valve 3 is closed, hydrogen of the hydrogen supply unit 7 cannot enter the ejector 4, so that the hydrogen injection flow of the ejector 4 is reduced to 0, namely, the ejector 4 does not produce the ejection circulation effect any more, as shown in fig. 3 (B), at this time, the gas flow in the recirculation pipeline flows from the suction inlet B of the ejector 4 to the circulation outlet a of the gas-water separator 5, as the anode pressure of the galvanic pile 1 is higher, the discharge rate is high, the gas flow in the recirculation pipeline is high, and at the same time, liquid drops attached to the pipe wall are easy to be purged downwards under the action of gravity, and are discharged through the exhaust valve 6 after entering the gas-water separator 5; when the anode pressure is reduced to P3, the gas and water discharge valve 6 is closed to complete the once purging of the recirculation pipeline; and opening the hydrogen proportional valve 3 again, increasing the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve 3 to enable the pressure of the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile 1 to rise and reach P2, and repeatedly carrying out second-stage purging. The purging frequency of the second stage is m, and m is determined by actual calibration of the fuel cell system;
p2> P1> P3> ambient pressure above.
In addition, during the anode purge of the electric pile 1, the cathode is continuously purged by driving air through the air compressor 2.
In the embodiment, under the condition that no additional equipment is added to the fuel cell system, the pressure change of the recirculation pipeline is controlled, and the gravity characteristic is utilized, so that the residual liquid water in the recirculation pipeline is effectively reduced, and the ice and blockage of the drainage pipeline or the drainage exhaust valve is prevented.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various equivalent changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. A shutdown purging method of a fuel cell system comprises a galvanic pile, a hydrogen proportional valve, an ejector, a gas-water separator, a drainage exhaust valve and a hydrogen supply unit, wherein the galvanic pile comprises a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, the gas-water separator comprises a circulating outlet A, the ejector comprises a suction inlet B, the hydrogen supply unit, the hydrogen proportional valve, the ejector and an anode inlet of the galvanic pile are sequentially connected, an anode outlet of the galvanic pile, the gas-water separator and the drainage exhaust valve are sequentially connected, and the circulating outlet A of the gas-water separator is connected with the suction inlet B of the ejector through a recirculation pipeline; the shutdown purging method of the fuel cell system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
after the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction, performing stack anode first-stage purging, specifically: controlling the pressure of a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile to be P1, and controlling the pressure of the hydrogen inlet by controlling the opening of a hydrogen proportional valve; opening the gas and water discharge valve for n times, purging the anode of the galvanic pile by the hydrogen supply unit, wherein the flow direction of gas in the recirculation pipeline is from the circulation output port A of the gas-water separator to the suction port B of the ejector;
entering a second-stage purging process, which specifically comprises the following steps: increasing the opening degree of a hydrogen proportional valve, increasing the pressure of a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile to reach a target pressure P2, then reducing the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve until the galvanic pile is closed, opening an exhaust and drain valve to discharge outwards for pressure relief while reducing the opening degree of the hydrogen proportional valve, wherein the gas in a recirculation pipeline flows from a suction inlet B of an ejector to a circulation output port A of a gas-water separator, and purging the recirculation pipeline; when the anode pressure is reduced to P3, closing the gas and water discharge valve to complete primary purging; opening the hydrogen proportional valve, increasing the opening of the hydrogen proportional valve to enable the pressure of the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile to rise and reach P2, and carrying out next purging;
the pressure P2> P1> P3> ambient pressure.
2. The shutdown purge method of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: and (5) repeatedly carrying out second-stage purging for m times.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211112406.XA CN115207409B (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | Shutdown purging method of fuel cell system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211112406.XA CN115207409B (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | Shutdown purging method of fuel cell system |
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| CN115207409A CN115207409A (en) | 2022-10-18 |
| CN115207409B true CN115207409B (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115882018B (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2023-05-05 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Exhaust emission system and method for fuel cell vehicle |
| CN116053527B (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-06-06 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Tail gas emission method of fuel cell system |
| CN116914189B (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-12-22 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Drainage and exhaust method and fuel cell hydrogen circulation system |
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| JP2006056373A (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2006-03-02 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Drain structure in fuel cell vehicle |
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