CN115203643A - Quantitative diagnosis method and system of water conservation function integrating hydrological and ecological elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The hydrologic and ecological element fused water source conservation function quantitative diagnosis method and system comprise the following steps: acquiring spatial data and non-spatial data of a target watershed; acquiring key elements of a hydrological process of a target basin and ecological elements which are adapted to the basin and represent vegetation growth based on a hydrological model and a statistical analysis method; processing and calculating the acquired key elements of the hydrological process and ecological elements which are adapted to the watershed and represent vegetation growth; and constructing a comprehensive evaluation index matrix of the water source conservation function based on the key hydrological factors and the ecological factors, calculating the index of the water source conservation function, and diagnosing the water source conservation function of the basin. A comprehensive and objective method for quantitatively diagnosing and evaluating the water source conservation capacity of the watershed ecosystem is developed, an important way and method are provided for quantifying the change of the water source conservation function of the watershed ecosystem and improving the service function of the ecosystem, and theoretical support is provided for reasonably developing comprehensive management of the watershed.

Description

Quantitative diagnosis method and system of water conservation function integrating hydrological and ecological elements

technical field

The invention relates to the field of ecological hydrology, in particular to a method and system for quantitative diagnosis of a water conservation function integrating hydrology and ecological elements.

Background technique

Terrestrial water cycle and water resource health are important prerequisites for ensuring regional sustainable development and ecosystem security. As an important part of ecosystem services, water conservation function plays a vital role in the stability and sustainability of regional ecosystems. The weakening of its function will directly lead to the reduction of biodiversity in the watershed ecosystem, the aggravation of land desertification, and even the occurrence of The weather deterioration in local areas has caused an imbalance in the watershed ecosystem that was originally in dynamic equilibrium, which in turn affected the landscape structure and ecological functions of the watershed ecosystem.

In recent decades, scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research on the service function of watershed ecosystems, especially the water conservation function. The research methods and research angles are various. At present, the methods for calculating water conservation functions mostly focus on the discussion of a single or a few hydrological elements (such as The change law of surface runoff, soil water, and runoff) and its influencing factors, or only focus on changes in vegetation growth conditions and their impact, and there are also studies at the site scale to conduct local analysis and discussion through field sampling. Considering only from the perspective of water conservation or hydrological elements, the assessment conclusion drawn has greater uncertainty due to the single amount of data or the short time scale. Most of the work often ignores the integrity of the basin ecosystem, and lacks the theoretical research on the water conservation function of the hydrological process and the multi-factors of the ecosystem elements. Most of the existing methods for calculating the water conservation function of watersheds have few considerations, small scales, and are not continuous in time series.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantitative diagnosis method and system of water conservation function integrating hydrological and ecological elements, so as to solve the problem that the existing method only discusses the water conservation amount of the river basin but cannot reflect the conservation function of vegetation.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The quantitative diagnosis method of water conservation function integrating hydrological and ecological elements includes the following steps:

Obtain spatial and non-spatial data of the target watershed;

Based on the method of hydrological model and statistical analysis, obtain the key elements of the hydrological process of the target watershed and the ecological elements that characterize the growth of vegetation in the suitable watershed;

Process and calculate the key elements of the hydrological process and the ecological elements that characterize the growth of vegetation in the adapted watershed;

Based on key hydrological elements and ecological elements, a comprehensive evaluation index matrix of water conservation function was constructed, and the water conservation function index was calculated to diagnose the water conservation function of the basin.

Further, spatial data includes digital elevation model, land use data, soil attribute data, meteorological data, evapotranspiration data and total primary productivity data; non-spatial data includes hydrological data and literature data.

Further, the key elements of the watershed hydrological process include: soil water SW, evaporation ET, surface fast flow Q _s and water production WY, and the ecological elements indicating the growth of vegetation conservation in the water conservation area are selected as the total primary productivity GPP element, GPP is the ecological element. The total amount of organic matter produced by the plant community in the system per unit time and unit area.

Further, according to the water balance theory, the water conservation amount WR of the basin is calculated, and the variation coefficient of water production is selected to characterize the characteristic Cv _{WY .}

After the SWAT hydrological model is verified and calibrated, the SWAT model output file (output.hru) is statistically calculated and analyzed by using the GIS software and R software. The R program was used to extract the data of soil water SW, evaporation ET, surface fast flow Q _s , water production _WY and input precipitation P data on the HRU of the watershed hydrological response unit scale. calculate;

Calculation formula of water conservation amount WR:

WR _i =P _i -ET _i -Q _si (1)

where i is the number of hydrological response unit; WR is water conservation, mm; P is precipitation, mm; ET is evapotranspiration, mm; Q _S is rapid surface flow, mm;

Statistical calculation of runoff variation coefficient Cv _WY : The magnitude of WY variation with time is expressed by Cv, and the mean _WY and standard deviation SD _WY of monthly runoff of each hydrological response unit in the study area are statistically analyzed, and then the hydrological response is calculated one by one. The coefficient of variation Cv _WY of unit production flow, the capacity of flow production of different underlying surface conditions factors is different, and the coefficient of variation is different; the larger the coefficient of variation, the greater the fluctuation of water production in a short time under the underlying surface factor, and the long-term The water conservation capacity is poor; the smaller the coefficient of variation, the smaller the fluctuation of water production in a short period of time under the underlying surface factor, and the relatively strong water conservation capacity of the underlying surface;

Cv _{WY_i} = SD _{WY_i} /Mean _{WY_i} (2)

In the formula: i is the HRU number of the hydrological response unit; Cv _{WY_i} is the coefficient of variation of the runoff of the hydrological response unit with the ith number; SD _WYi is the standard deviation of the hydrological response unit with the ith number; Mean _i is the hydrological response of the ith number. Unit WY mean.

Further, the processing of GPP data:

First, use the "Buffer" function in the spatial analysis of the geographic information system according to the watershed contour area; secondly, extract the watershed GPP according to the watershed range and buffer area, and use the "Reclassify" function to reclassify the watershed GPP data into block-like precision data; Then use the "Zonal" function to perform regional statistical analysis according to HRU, and obtain the spatial distribution pattern of GPP in the watershed at the HRU scale; the above process is designed by Python program, automatic calculation, and the annual HRU scale GPP data of the watershed is obtained.

Further, calculate the water conservation function index:

First, construct a comprehensive evaluation index matrix of water conservation function based on key hydrological elements and ecological elements;

Secondly, according to the evaluation index matrix of water conservation function, the contribution of the matrix is in the same direction and de-dimensioned;

Calculate the weight of each index element of the water conservation function index based on the entropy method;

Quantitatively calculate the water source conservation function index of the basin, and calculate the difference of the water source conservation function index under different land use types.

Further, establish the evaluation matrix of the comprehensive evaluation index of water conservation function:

A _ij =[A _i1 ,A _i2 ,A _i3 ,A _i4 ,] ^T (3)

Among them: i represents the HRU number, j represents the index element for evaluating the water conservation function; A _i1 represents the SW of the i-th hydrological response unit, A _i2 represents the WR of the i-th hydrological response unit, and A _i3 represents the i-th hydrological response unit Cv _WY of the hydrological response unit, A _i4 represents the GPP of the i-th hydrological response unit.

Further, the contribution of the water conservation function index evaluation index matrix is oriented and de-dimensioned:

According to the contribution of each index to the water conservation function, the same direction processing is carried out, SW, WR and GPP are positive indicators, Cv _WY is a negative index, and the evaluation matrix A' is obtained;

The Min-Max normalization method is used for normalization, which is a linear transformation of the original data, and different algorithms are used for normalization for positive and negative indicators, so that the normalized result value falls to [0 ,1] in the interval;

The processing method of positive indicators is shown in formula (4):

The processing method of negative indicators is shown in formula (5):

In formulas (4) and (5): A is the index function value of each hydrological response unit, A _max is the maximum value of the index data in the sequence, and A _min is the minimum value of the index data in the sequence.

Further, the weight of each index element of the water conservation function index is calculated based on the entropy method:

Calculate the proportion of the i-th sample value under the j-th indicator to the indicator

Calculate the entropy value of the jth index

Computing Information Entropy Redundancy

k _j =1-q _j (8)

Calculate the weight of each indicator

Calculation of water conservation function index:

The WRFI of different land use types is counted with the help of geographic information system, and the WRFI of the interannual series is generated automatically by Python.

Further, a quantitative diagnosis system for water conservation function integrating hydrological and ecological elements, including:

The data acquisition module is used to acquire spatial data and non-spatial data of the target watershed;

The element acquisition module is used to acquire the key elements of the hydrological process of the target watershed and the ecological elements that characterize the growth of vegetation in the watershed based on the method of hydrological model and statistical analysis;

The element processing module is used to process and calculate the acquired key elements of the hydrological process and the ecological elements that characterize the growth of vegetation in the adapted watershed;

The diagnosis module is used to construct a comprehensive evaluation index matrix of water conservation function based on key hydrological elements and ecological elements, calculate the water conservation function index, and diagnose the water conservation function of the river basin.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

The existing diagnostic methods for the water source function of the basin are generally based on the perspective of water balance. The previous diagnostic methods only consider the variation law and impact of one or a few hydrological elements such as water conservation, soil water or runoff, and do not consider The function of vegetation conservation in the water conservation area of the river basin. On the basis of explaining the hydrological process of the watershed, the present invention selects the hydrological elements (soil water) that can reflect the water conservation function of the watershed, the water conservation amount, and the Cv _WY that can reflect the difference in water production capacity under different underlying surface conditions of the watershed. In addition, combined with the ecological elements that indicate the growth of vegetation in the watershed, comprehensively diagnose and evaluate the water conservation function of the watershed, so as to solve the problem that the existing method only discusses the water conservation amount of the watershed but cannot reflect the function of the conservation vegetation. Research and develop comprehensive and objective quantitative diagnosis and evaluation methods for water conservation capacity of watershed ecosystems, provide important ways and methods for quantifying changes in water conservation functions of watershed ecosystems and the improvement of ecosystem service functions, and provide theoretical support for rational comprehensive management of watersheds.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the algorithm flow chart of the water conservation function index;

Fig. 2 is a time-space distribution diagram of a watershed water conservation function index in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the difference diagram of the water conservation function index under different land use types of the target in the embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described:

Refer to Figure 1 to Figure 3,

The invention proposes a scheme for quantitatively evaluating the water conservation function of a river basin based on hydrological processes and hydrological elements, and focuses on solving the problem in the prior art that the evaluation and calculation of the water conservation function only considers the hydrological process and ignores the important function of conserving vegetation. The following descriptions and illustrations illustrate specific embodiments of the invention to enable scientific and efficient practice by researchers and administrators in the art. Only the technical solutions of the present invention are adopted in the embodiments, and individual components and functions are optional and modifiable.

The invention aims to provide a scheme for estimating the conservation function of water sources in a river basin based on ecological hydrological processes and ecological elements. The scheme is based on the quantitative calculation of the hydrological process of the basin, and combines the ecological elements that indicate the growth of vegetation in the basin to reflect the conservation of vegetation functions. Comprehensive assessment of the water conservation function of the watershed can solve the problem that the existing methods only discuss the water conservation amount of the watershed but cannot reflect the function of the conservation vegetation. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, specifically including:

(1) Obtain the key elements of the hydrological process of the target watershed and the ecological elements that characterize the growth of vegetation

According to research needs, spatial data (digital elevation model, land use data, soil attribute data meteorological data, evapotranspiration data and total primary productivity data) and non-spatial data (hydrological data and literature data, etc.) and non-spatial data (hydrological data and literature data, etc.) of the target watershed are obtained. Hydrological modeling and statistical analysis methods are used to obtain the key elements of the hydrological process of the target watershed and the ecological elements that characterize the growth of vegetation in the suitable watershed. Among them, the key elements of the watershed hydrological process include: soil water (SW), evaporation (ET), rapid surface flow (Q _s ) and water yield (WY). Productivity (GPP) factor. According to the water balance theory, the water conservation capacity (WR) of the watershed is calculated; the vegetation water production characteristics of different land uses are different in time, and the coefficient of variation of water production is selected to represent this characteristic (Cv _WY ), and Cv _WY is produced on the scale of the watershed hydrological response unit. The amount of water changes on the time scale.

(2) Quantitatively diagnose the water conservation function of the river basin through the calculation of the water conservation function index

Firstly, a comprehensive evaluation index matrix of water conservation function is constructed based on key hydrological elements and ecological elements; secondly, the contribution of the matrix is processed in the same direction and dimensionless for the evaluation index matrix of water conservation function; thirdly, the water source is calculated based on the entropy method. The weight of each index element of the conservation function index; Fourth, quantitatively calculate the watershed water conservation function index, and calculate the difference of the water conservation function index under different land use types.

The following is a detailed description of the diagram (table) in combination with the implementation case and the operation steps. details as follows:

Step 1: Select a watershed in the study area and obtain relevant data in the study area

The present invention takes the Weihe River Basin as the research area. The Weihe River Basin is located between 106°18′～110°37′ east longitude and 33°42′～37°20′ north latitude, and the basin area is about 13.48×104km2; Collect spatial data (digital elevation model, land use data, soil attribute data, meteorological data, evapotranspiration data and total primary productivity data) and non-spatial data (hydrological data and literature data, etc.) of the Weihe River Basin. The relevant information of data sources is as follows in Table 1. .

Table 1 Data source related information

The second step: the selection of evaluation index elements in the water conservation function index (WRFI)

Soil water (SW), water conservation (WR) and coefficient of variation of water production (Cv _WY ) were selected as hydrological elements. Among them, SW and WR are important indicators to evaluate the regional water conservation function. In the previous evaluation methods of water conservation function, the regional water conservation function is usually evaluated by calculating WR; the water yield (WY) of different land use types varies with time. , compared with grassland and farmland, the water yield of woodland is more continuous, and the variation of water yield is smaller. The coefficient of variation (Cv _WY ) of water yield is selected to characterize the above characteristics.

The total primary productivity (GPP) is selected as the ecological factor. GPP is the total amount of organic matter produced by the plant community in the ecosystem per unit time and per unit area. In the evaluation of water conservation function, ecological factors are important indicators to reflect the regional water conservation function, and GPP can comprehensively reflect the differences in vegetation growth conditions under different land use types in the water conservation water source area of the river basin.

The third step: processing and calculation of the index elements in the water conservation function index

By collecting the spatial data (digital elevation model, land use data, soil attribute data and meteorological data) and non-spatial data (hydrological data and literature data, etc.) obtained from the Weihe River Basin, with the help of the hydrological model (SWAT) simulation, in this example, we select Hua The measured runoff data of the county station, Zhuangtou station and Linjiacun station were calibrated and verified. Secondly, the ET value simulated by the model was verified by using MODIS remote sensing evaporation data.

After the SWAT hydrological model is verified and calibrated, the SWAT model output file (output.hru) is statistically calculated and analyzed by using the GIS software and R software. The R program was used to extract the SW, ET, QS, WY and input precipitation (P) data on the hydrological response unit scale (HRU) of the Weihe River Basin. HRU-by-HRU calculations of WR and Cv _WY were performed based on the extracted hydrological elements.

The formula for calculating the water conservation capacity (WR):

WR _i =P _i -ET _i -Q _si (1)

where i is the number of the hydrological response unit; WR is the water conservation, mm; P is the precipitation, mm; ET is the evapotranspiration, mm; Q _S is the rapid surface flow, mm.

Statistical calculation of runoff coefficient of variation (Cv _WY ). WY is one of the important indexes to characterize the water conservation ability, and the amplitude of the change of WY with time can be expressed by Cv. The present invention uses Cv _WY as one of the indexes to evaluate the water conservation ability, and its calculation method is more complicated than the above hydrological indexes. The mean (Mean _WY ) and standard deviation (SD _WY ) of monthly-scale runoff of each hydrological response unit in the study area were statistically analyzed, and then the coefficient of variation (Cv _WY ) of each hydrological response unit was calculated. Condition factors have different capacity to produce flow, and the coefficient of variation is different. The larger the coefficient of variation, the greater the fluctuation of water production in a short period of time under the underlying surface factor, and the poor long-term water conservation capacity; the smaller the coefficient of variation, the smaller the fluctuation of water production in a short time under the underlying surface factor, indicating that the following The water conservation capacity of the pad surface is relatively strong.

Cv _{WY_i} = SD _{WY_i} /Mean _{WY_i} (2)

In the formula: i is the number of the hydrological response unit (HRU); Cv _{WY_i} is the coefficient of variation of the runoff of the hydrological response unit of the i-th number; SD _WYi is the standard deviation of the hydrological response unit of the _i -th number; Hydrological response unit WY mean.

Processing of GPP data. The GPP data obtained in this study is at the national scale (1km×1km). In order to ensure the accuracy of adaptation, first, according to the outline area of the Weihe River Basin, the “Buffer” function in the spatial analysis of the geographic information system is used to set the buffer zone with the Weihe River Basin as the boundary line extending 3km. ; Secondly, extract the GPP of the Weihe River basin according to the scope of the Weihe River basin and the buffer area, and use the "Reclassify" function to reclassify the Weihe River basin GPP data into data with a precision of 30m × 30m; then use the "Zonal" function to perform regional statistical analysis according to HRU. , to obtain the spatial distribution pattern of GPP in the Weihe River Basin on the HRU scale; the above process was designed by Python program, and the automatic calculation was performed to obtain the GPP data of the Weihe River Basin year by year on the HRU scale.

Step 4: Calculation of water conservation function index

The following is a detailed description of the algorithm process of the water conservation function index:

1. Obtain the hydrological elements output by SWAT simulation with the help of hydrological model simulation, process and calculate the key ecological elements that characterize the growth of vegetation.

2. Establish the evaluation matrix of the comprehensive evaluation index of water conservation function:

A _ij =[A _i1 ,A _i2 ,A _i3 ,A _i4 ,] ^T (3)

Among them: i represents the HRU number, j represents the index element for evaluating the water conservation function; A _i1 represents the SW of the i-th hydrological response unit, A _i2 represents the WR of the i-th hydrological response unit, and A _i3 represents the i-th hydrological response unit Cv _WY of the hydrological response unit, Ai4 represents the GPP of the i-th hydrological response unit.

3. Contribution of the evaluation index matrix of water conservation function index in the same direction and de-dimension processing.

From the evaluation matrix established in the "first step", the evaluation matrix A' is obtained by performing the same direction processing according to the contribution of each index to the water conservation function (SW, WR and GPP are positive indicators, Cv _WY are negative indicators).

Since the units or magnitudes of the multiple indicators are different, the evaluation indicators are subjected to quantitative tempering treatment. The invention adopts the Min-Max standardization method for normalization processing, which is a linear transformation of the original data, and adopts different algorithms for normalization processing for positive indicators and negative indicators, so that the normalized result value falls within in the range [0,1].

The processing method of positive indicators is shown in formula (4):

The processing method of negative indicators is shown in formula (5):

In formulas (4) and (5): A is the index function value of each hydrological response unit, A _max is the maximum value of the index data in the sequence, and A _min is the minimum value of the index data in the sequence.

4. Calculate the weight of each index element of the water conservation function index based on the entropy method.

Calculate the proportion of the i-th sample value under the j-th indicator to the indicator

Calculate the entropy value of the jth index

Computing Information Entropy Redundancy

k _j =1-q _j (8)

Calculate the weight of each indicator

5. Calculation of water conservation function index.

The temporal and spatial distribution of the water conservation function index in the Weihe River Basin from 2000 to 2015 is shown in Figure 2:

6. Using the geographic information system to count the WRFI of different land use types, and using Python to realize automatic processing to generate the WRFI of the inter-annual series, the inter-annual changes of the WRFI of the forestland, grassland and farmland in the Weihe River Basin are shown in Figure 3, and the size of the WRFI is sorted: woodland > grassland >For farmland, the present invention can more realistically reflect the water conservation function status of different land use types in the basin.

In the past, the methods for calculating the water conservation function of a watershed mostly focused on exploring the variation laws and influencing factors of a single or a few hydrological elements (such as surface runoff, soil water, and runoff), or local analysis by field sampling at the site scale. with discussion. Only from the perspective of water conservation amount or hydrological elements, there will be great uncertainty in the assessment conclusion, and the integrity of the basin ecosystem is ignored, and there is a lack of hydrological processes and ecosystem elements. content. Most of the existing methods for calculating the water conservation function of watersheds have few considerations, small scales, and are not continuous in time series.

In view of this, on the basis of explaining the hydrological process of the watershed, combined with the ecological elements that indicate the growth of vegetation in the watershed to reflect the vegetation conservation function, and comprehensively evaluate the water conservation function of the watershed, in order to solve the problem that the existing method only discusses the water conservation of the watershed but it is difficult to reflect the conservation. The problem of vegetation function. Research and develop comprehensive and objective quantitative diagnosis and evaluation methods for water conservation capacity of watershed ecosystems, provide important ways and methods for quantifying changes in water conservation functions of watershed ecosystems and the improvement of ecosystem service functions, and provide theoretical support for rational comprehensive management of watersheds.

Claims (10)

1. The hydrologic and ecological element-fused quantitative diagnosis method for the water conservation function is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

acquiring spatial data and non-spatial data of a target watershed;

acquiring key elements of a hydrological process of a target basin and ecological elements which are adapted to the basin and represent vegetation growth by means of a method based on a hydrological model and statistical analysis according to spatial data and non-spatial data;

processing and calculating the acquired key elements of the hydrological process and ecological elements which are adapted to the watershed and represent vegetation growth;

and constructing a comprehensive evaluation index matrix of the water source conservation function based on the key hydrological factors and the ecological factors, calculating the index of the water source conservation function, and diagnosing the water source conservation function of the basin.

2. The method for quantitatively diagnosing the water conservation function of integrating the hydrological and ecological elements as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spatial data includes a digital elevation model, land utilization data, soil attribute data meteorological data, evapotranspiration data and total primary productivity data; non-spatial data includes hydrologic and literature data.

3. The method for quantitatively diagnosing the water conservation function of integrating the hydrology and the ecological elements according to claim 1, wherein the key elements of the watershed hydrology process comprise: soil water SW, evaporation capacity ET and surface fast flow Q _s And water yield WY, wherein the ecological factors indicating the growth of the conservation vegetation in the water source conservation area are total primary productivity GPP factors, and GPP is the total amount of organic substances generated by a plant community in an ecological system in unit time and unit area.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the conservation capacity WR of watershed water source is calculated according to the water balance theory, and the coefficient of variation of water yield is selected to represent the characteristic Cv _WY ，Cv _WY The calculation of the change of the water yield on the time scale through the scale of the watershed hydrological response unit specifically comprises the following steps:

after the SWAT hydrological model is verified and calibrated, statistical calculation and analysis are carried out on a SWAT model output file (output.hru) by utilizing geographic information system software and R software; extracting soil water SW, evaporation capacity ET and surface fast flow Q on river basin hydrological response unit scale HRU by utilizing R program _s HRU-by-HRU WR and Cv are performed according to the extracted hydrological factors, the water yield WY and the input precipitation P data _WY Calculating (1);

the formula for calculating the water source conservation quantity WR is as follows:

WR _i ＝P _i -ET _i -Q _si (1)

in the formula: i represents a hydrological response unit number; WR is water source conservation quantity, mm; p is precipitation, mm; ET means evapotranspiration, mm; q _S The quick flow rate of the earth surface is mm;

coefficient of variation Cv of production flow _WY The statistical calculation of (2): the amplitude of WY change with time is expressed by Cv, and the average Mean of monthly-scale production flow of one hydrological response unit in a research area is statistically analyzed _WY Standard deviation SD _WY Then calculating the variation coefficient Cv of the output flow of each hydrologic response unit _WY The flow capacity of different underlying surface condition factors is different, and the variation coefficients are different; the larger the variation coefficient is, the larger the fluctuation of the water yield in a short time and the poor long-term water source conservation capacity under the factor of the underlying surface are shown; the smaller the variation coefficient is, the smaller the fluctuation of the water yield in a short time under the factor of the underlying surface is, and the relatively stronger the water conservation capacity of the underlying surface is;

Cv _{WY_i} ＝SD _{WY_i} /Mean _{WY_i} (2)

in the formula: i is the number of a hydrological response unit HRU; cv _{WY_i} The coefficient of variation of the output flow of the ith numbered hydrological response unit; SD _WYi The standard deviation of the hydrological response unit WY numbered i; mean is a measure of the Mean _i The average value of the number i of the hydrological response units WY is shown.

5. The method for quantitatively diagnosing the water conservation function of integrating the hydrology and the ecological elements according to claim 1, wherein the GPP data processing comprises:

firstly, utilizing a Buffer function in the space analysis of a geographic information system according to the area of the basin outline; secondly, extracting the basin GPP according to the basin range and the area of the buffer area, and reclassifying the basin GPP data into data with block precision by using a 'Reclassification' function; then, performing regional statistical analysis by using a Zonal function according to the HRU to obtain a GPP spatial distribution pattern of the basin on the HRU scale; and (3) automatically calculating the process through Python program design to obtain the GPP data of HRU scale year by year in the basin.

6. The quantitative diagnosis method for water conservation function integrating hydrology and ecological elements according to claim 1, wherein a water conservation function index is calculated:

firstly, constructing a comprehensive assessment index matrix of the water conservation function based on key hydrological and ecological elements;

secondly, carrying out contribution syntropy and dimensionless treatment on the matrix aiming at the water conservation function evaluation index matrix;

calculating the weight of each index element of the water source conservation function index based on an entropy method;

and quantitatively calculating the water source conservation function index of the basin, and calculating the difference of the water source conservation function indexes under different land utilization types in a classified manner.

7. The quantitative diagnosis method for water conservation function integrating hydrology and ecological elements according to claim 6, wherein an evaluation matrix of a comprehensive evaluation index of water conservation function is established:

A _ij ＝[A _i1 ,A _i2 ，A _i3 ，A _i4 ，] ^T (3)

wherein: i represents an HRU number, and j represents an index element for evaluating the water source conservation function; a. The _i1 SW, A representing hydrologic response element of No. i _i2 WR, A representing hydrologic response element of i-th number _i3 Cv representing hydrologic response unit of i-th number _WY ，A _i4 GPP representing hydrologic response unit of i-th number.

8. The quantitative diagnosis method for water conservation function integrating hydrology and ecological elements according to claim 6, wherein the contribution of the water conservation function index evaluation index matrix is treated in the same direction and in a dimensionless way:

according to the contribution of each index to the water source conservation function, carrying out homodromous treatment, wherein SW, WR and GPP are positive indexes, cv _WY Obtaining an evaluation matrix A' as a negative indicator;

adopting a Min-Max standardization method to carry out normalization processing, wherein the method is to carry out linear transformation on original data and adopt different algorithms to carry out normalization processing on positive indexes and negative indexes so that a normalization result value falls in a [0,1] interval;

the processing method of the forward direction index is shown in formula (4):

the processing method of the negative index is shown in formula (5):

in formulae (4) and (5): a is the index function value of each hydrological response unit, A _max Maximum value of index data in the sequence, A _min Is the minimum value of the index data in the sequence.

9. The quantitative diagnosis method for water source conservation function integrating hydrology and ecological elements according to claim 6, wherein the weight of each index element of the water source conservation function index is calculated based on an entropy method:

calculating the proportion of the ith sample value in the j index

Calculating entropy of j index

Computing information entropy redundancy

k _j ＝1-q _j (8)

Calculating the weight of each index

Calculating the water source conservation function index:

and (4) counting WRFIs of different land utilization types in a subarea mode by means of a geographic information system, and automatically processing the WRFIs of the generated annual sequence by utilizing Python.

10. Hydrology and ecological element's water source conservation function quantitative diagnosis system fuses, its characterized in that includes:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring spatial data and non-spatial data of the target watershed;

the element acquisition module is used for acquiring key elements of the hydrological process of the target drainage basin and ecological elements which are adapted to the drainage basin and represent vegetation growth based on a hydrological model and a statistical analysis method;

the element processing module is used for processing and calculating the acquired key elements of the hydrological process and ecological elements which are adapted to the watershed and represent vegetation growth;

and the diagnosis module is used for constructing a comprehensive water conservation function evaluation index matrix based on the key hydrological and ecological elements, calculating a water conservation function index and diagnosing the water conservation function of the basin.

Images