CN115201803A - Passive positioning method and system based on satellite over-the-top time measurement - Google Patents
Passive positioning method and system based on satellite over-the-top time measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN115201803A CN115201803A CN202210825979.0A CN202210825979A CN115201803A CN 115201803 A CN115201803 A CN 115201803A CN 202210825979 A CN202210825979 A CN 202210825979A CN 115201803 A CN115201803 A CN 115201803A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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Abstract
The invention discloses a passive positioning method and a passive positioning system based on satellite over-the-top time measurement, which realize a positioning method of a radiation source by measuring the satellite over-the-top time and solve the problem of low positioning precision of the traditional passive positioning method. And obtaining a range migration curve of the radar signal by pulse compression of the range direction of the radar signal, and obtaining the satellite over-vertex time by quadratic fitting of the range migration curve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of radiation source positioning, and particularly relates to a passive positioning method and system based on satellite over-the-top time measurement.
Background
In radar countermeasure, the purpose of radar signal reconnaissance is to detect, locate and identify the source of the opposing radar signal. The invention realizes the method for the radiation source by measuring the satellite over-the-top time in the radar countermeasure. The current measurement information for passive positioning comprises direction-finding positioning, time difference positioning and frequency measurement positioning, wherein the direction-finding positioning needs to obtain more accurate angle measurement precision by increasing the length of an antenna base line, and has high requirements on a load antenna; time difference positioning requires at least three observation stations, and has high requirements on common-view conditions and time synchronization; and in frequency measurement and positioning, the error is influenced by the frequency measurement precision and is in the kilometer order. The accurate measurement of the satellite over-radiation-source top time is realized, and the method is a key link in radiation source positioning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a passive positioning method and a passive positioning system based on satellite over-the-top time measurement, in particular to a pulse Doppler radar radiation source, belongs to the field of radiation source positioning, and solves the problem of low positioning accuracy of the traditional passive positioning method. And obtaining a range migration curve of the radar signal by pulse compression of the range direction of the radar signal, and obtaining the satellite over-vertex time by quadratic fitting of the range migration curve.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a passive positioning method based on satellite over-the-top time measurements, the method comprising:
distance-direction matched filtering is carried out on the received radar baseband signals to obtain radar data after pulse compression;
obtaining a range migration curve of the radar by extracting peak value information of the radar data after pulse compression;
performing quadratic term fitting on the range migration curve to obtain the over-the-top time and the azimuth distance of the range migration curve;
obtaining an azimuth signal by extracting a phase at a peak information position of the pulse-compressed radar data;
estimating the frequency modulation rate of the azimuth signal, determining the search step of the frequency modulation according to the positioning accuracy, generating a plurality of groups of matched filters, performing matched filtering on the azimuth signal to obtain matched filtering results under different frequency modulations, wherein the frequency modulation rate corresponding to the peak value is the frequency modulation rate of the azimuth signal, and obtaining the range distance of the radar through a relational expression of the frequency modulation rate and the range distance;
and positioning the radar radiation source is realized through the azimuth distance and the distance.
Further, the radar baseband signal S 0 (τ, η) is specifically:
where τ is the distance time, η is the near azimuth time, and the coefficient A 0 Time-complex constant, ω r (τ) is a rectangular pulse signal, T r Is the duration of the pulse or pulses,
wherein
For received signal strength, where θ is the angle to the line of sight measured in the plane of the slope, β bw Is the azimuth beam width, R (eta) is the distance of the target from the observation platform, c is the speed of light, f 0 Is the carrier frequency of the target radar, K r For the intra-pulse frequency, eta, of the target radar c The off-center time of the beam.
Further, the radar data S after pulse compression rc (τ, η) is specifically:
S rc (τ，η)＝IFFT{S 0 (f 0 ，η)H(f 0 )}＝A 0 sinc(τ-R(η)/c)ω a (η-η c )×exp(-j2πf 0 R(η)/c)；
wherein S is 0 (f 0 Eta) is S 0 (τ, η) Fourier transform;
further, quadratic term fitting is carried out on the range migration curve to obtain the over-the-top time and the azimuth distance of the range migration curve;
wherein the fitting formula is:
f(x)＝P 0 x 2 +P 1 x+P 2 ；
and f (x) is the range migration value obtained in the step two, and x is the corresponding azimuth moment in the step, so that a fitted range migration curve is finally obtained.
Further, the over-vertex time is the moment
Further, the azimuth distance R a ＝t p ·v。
Further, the expression of the matched filter is:
where K is the frequency modulation of the matched filter, T s Matching and filtering the generated matched filter and the obtained azimuth signal to obtain matched filtering results under different modulation frequencies for synthesizing aperture time, wherein the modulation frequency corresponding to the peak value is the modulation frequency of the azimuth signal, and the frequency and the distance R are adjusted through adjusting the frequency 0 The relation of (a) to (b) is to obtain the range-wise distance of the radar:
where v is the flight speed of the satellite platform and λ is the wavelength of the radiation source.
A passive positioning system based on satellite over-the-top time measurements, the system comprising: one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs;
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform a passive positioning method based on satellite over-the-top time measurements as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a passive positioning method and a passive positioning system based on satellite over-the-top time measurement, which use a passive synthetic aperture positioning technology for positioning a radar radiation source, realize frequency modulation rate estimation of an orientation signal by designing a matched filter, improve the estimation precision of a distance direction distance and further improve the positioning precision.
According to the method, accurate estimation of the over-top time is realized through quadratic fitting of the range migration curve, and the positioning accuracy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of radar signal positioning;
FIG. 2, radar signal after range-wise pulse compression;
FIG. 3, range migration curves;
FIG. 4 shows a fitted range migration curve;
fig. 5, azimuth signal.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to examples:
it should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, and other elements shown in the specification are included for the purpose of understanding and reading only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, and any modifications of the structures, changes in the proportions and adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the efficacy and attainment of the same.
In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in FIG. 1, the satellite flies above the radar target as shown in FIG. 1, and the received radar baseband signal is
S 0 (τ，η)＝A 0 ω r (τ-R(η)/c)ω a (η-η c )×exp(-j2πf 0 R(η)/c)exp(jπK r (τ-R(η)/c) 2 )
Where τ is the distance time, η is the near azimuth time, and the coefficient A 0 One at a time and one at a timeConstant, ω r (τ) is a rectangular pulse signal, T r In order to be the duration of the pulse,
wherein
For received signal strength, where θ is the angle to the line of sight measured in the plane of the slope, β bw Is the azimuth beam width, R (eta) is the distance of the target from the observation platform, c is the speed of light, f 0 Is the carrier frequency of the target radar, K r For the intra-pulse frequency, eta, of the target radar c The off-center time of the beam.
1) Distance-direction matched filtering is carried out on the received radar baseband signals to obtain radar data S after pulse compression rc (τ, η), as shown in FIG. 2:
S rc (τ，η)＝IFFT{S 0 (f 0 ，η)H(f 0 )}＝A 0 sinc(τ-R(η)/c)ω a (η-η c )×exp(-j2πf 0 R(η)/c)；
wherein S is 0 (f 0 Eta) is S 0 Fourier transform of (tau, eta)
2) The range migration curve of the radar obtained by extracting the peak information of the radar data after pulse compression is shown in fig. 3.
3) And fitting quadratic terms to the range migration curve according to the following formula to obtain the overtop time of the range migration curve.
f(x)＝P 0 x 2 +P 1 x+P 2 ；
Wherein f (x) is represented as the range migration value obtained in 2), and x is represented as the corresponding azimuth time in 2), and finally, a fitted range migration curve is obtained, as shown in fig. 4.
The over-top moment is
Azimuth distance R a ＝t p ·v。
4) By extracting the phase at the peak information of the pulse-compressed radar data, an azimuth signal is obtained, as shown in fig. 5.
5) Estimating the frequency modulation rate of the azimuth signal, determining the search step of the frequency modulation rate according to the positioning precision, thereby generating a plurality of groups of filters, wherein the expression of the matched filter is
Where K is the matched filter tuning frequency, T s Matching and filtering the generated matched filter and the obtained azimuth signal to obtain matched filtering results under different modulation frequencies for synthesizing aperture time, wherein the modulation frequency corresponding to the peak value is the modulation frequency of the azimuth signal, and the frequency and the distance R are adjusted through adjusting the frequency 0 Obtaining the range of the radar by using the relation of
Where v is the flight speed of the satellite platform and λ is the wavelength of the radiation source.
6) And positioning of the radar radiation source is realized through the azimuth distance and the distance.
Example 2:
the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific signal examples:
in the simulation, the carrier frequency f of the signal emitted by the laser source in this example 0 2GHz, pulse Doppler radar, track height h of satellite-borne receiver of 500km, range R 0 707km, the flying speed v of the satellite platform is 7000m/s, and the synthetic aperture time T s 0.69s, pulse duration T r 40us, pulse tone of target radarFrequency K r The frequency is 5e11Hz/s, the pulse repetition frequency PRF is 1KHz, a baseband signal of the radar is sampled at the sampling rate of 100MHz, the distance direction pulse compression is carried out on the baseband radar signal according to the step 1), the amplitude value of the output radar data is obtained, as shown in figure 2, and as shown in the step 2), the migration distance curve of the radar is obtained, as shown in figure 3. Obtaining the fitted distance migration curve according to the step 3), as shown in fig. 4, and obtaining the over-top time t p 1.6432s, azimuth distance R a Is 11503m. The matched filtering results obtained according to the steps 4) and 5) under different modulation frequencies are shown in fig. 5, and the modulation frequency K is 461.8Hz/s. And finally, the distance of the radar radiation source is 707377m. Finally, the position of the radar radiation source is obtained to be 707377m in distance direction and 270m in error; the azimuth distance is 11503m, and the error is 3m.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but only by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A passive positioning method based on satellite over-the-top time measurement, the method comprising:
distance-direction matched filtering is carried out on the received radar baseband signals to obtain radar data after pulse compression;
obtaining a range migration curve of the radar by extracting peak value information of the radar data after pulse compression;
performing quadratic term fitting on the range migration curve to obtain the over-the-top time and the azimuth distance of the range migration curve;
obtaining an azimuth signal by extracting a phase at a peak information position of the pulse-compressed radar data;
estimating the frequency modulation rate of the azimuth signal, determining the search step of the frequency modulation rate according to the positioning precision, generating a plurality of groups of matched filters, performing matched filtering on the azimuth signal to obtain matched filtering results under different frequency modulation rates, wherein the frequency modulation rate corresponding to the peak value is the frequency modulation rate of the azimuth signal, and obtaining the distance direction distance of the radar through a relational expression of the frequency modulation rate and the distance direction distance;
and positioning the radar radiation source is realized through the azimuth distance and the distance.
2. The passive positioning method based on satellite over-the-top time measurement according to claim 1, wherein the radar baseband signal S 0 (τ, η) is specifically:
where τ is the distance time, η is the near azimuth time, and the coefficient A 0 Time-complex constant, ω r (τ) is a rectangular pulse signal, T r In order to be the duration of the pulse,
wherein
For received signal strength, where θ is the angle to the line of sight measured in the plane of the slope, β bw Is the azimuth beam width, R (eta) is the distance of the target from the observation platform, c is the speed of light, f 0 Carrier frequency, K, of the target radar r Is the pulse-width modulation frequency, eta, of the target radar c The off-center time of the beam.
3. The passive positioning method based on satellite over-the-top time measurement according to claim 1, wherein the pulse-compressed radar data S rc (τ, η) is specifically:
S rc (τ，η)＝IFFT{S 0 (f 0 ，η)H(f 0 )}＝A 0 sinc(τ-R(η)/c)ω a (η-η c )×exp(-j2πf 0 R(η)/c)；
wherein S is 0 (f 0 Eta) is S 0 (τ, η) Fourier transform;
4. the passive positioning method based on satellite over-the-top time measurement according to claim 1, wherein a quadratic fit is performed on a range migration curve to obtain the over-the-top time and the azimuth distance; wherein the fitting formula is:
f(x)＝P 0 x 2 +P 1 x+P 2 ；
wherein f (x) represents the distance migration value obtained in the step two, and x represents the corresponding azimuth moment in the step, and finally a fitted distance migration curve is obtained.
5. The passive positioning method based on satellite over-the-top time measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the over-the-top time is the over-the-top time
6. The passive positioning method based on satellite over-the-top time measurement according to claim 1, wherein the azimuth distance R is a ＝t p ·v。
7. The passive positioning method and system based on satellite over-the-top time measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the expression of the matched filter is:
where K is the frequency modulation of the matched filter, T s Performing matched filtering on the generated matched filter and the obtained azimuth signal to synthesize aperture time to obtain matched filtering results under different modulation frequencies, wherein the modulation frequency corresponding to the peak value is the modulation frequency of the azimuth signal, and the frequency and the distance R are adjusted through the modulation frequency 0 The relation of (a) to (b) is to obtain the range-wise distance of the radar:
where v is the flight speed of the satellite platform and λ is the wavelength of the radiation source.
8. A passive positioning system based on satellite over-the-top time measurements, the system comprising: one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs;
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform a passive positioning method based on satellite over-the-top time measurements as recited in any of claims 1-7.
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