CN115200373A - Preheating device and method for nonferrous metal ingot - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a preheating device and a preheating method for a non-ferrous metal ingot. The preheating device comprises an unstacking part, a conveying part, a preheating part and a feeding part, wherein the unstacking part comprises a placing table and a manipulator unit, the placing table is used for placing metal ingots, and the manipulator unit is used for carrying the metal ingots to the conveying part; the conveying part comprises a conveying groove, a conveying guide rail, a base and a pushing-in mechanism, the conveying groove and the conveying guide rail are arranged on the base, and the pushing-in mechanism is arranged at the starting end of the conveying groove and used for pushing the metal ingots to the preheating part; the preheating part comprises a closed box body formed by an upper box body and a lower box body, two ends of the box body are respectively communicated with the conveying part and the input part through lifting doors, heating elements and heat insulation plates are arranged in the upper box body and the lower box body, the heating elements are arranged on the heat insulation plates and used for heating metal ingots in the box body, and the heat insulation plates are arranged on a shell of the box body; one end of the input part is connected with the outlet end of the preheating part, the other end of the input part is connected with the feed opening of the holding furnace, and a holding plate is arranged in the box body of the input part.

Description

Preheating device and method for nonferrous metal ingot

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal casting, in particular to a preheating device and a preheating method for a non-ferrous metal ingot.

Background

The non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device is a device for preheating before melting non-ferrous metal part casting raw materials, and can carry out automatic unstacking, conveying, preheating and feeding.

Non-ferrous metal parts for automobiles, particularly engine cylinder covers, cylinder bodies and the like, are manufactured by adopting a casting process, a large amount of aluminum liquid is needed for casting the parts, the aluminum liquid is manufactured by melting raw material aluminum ingots, the aluminum ingots are raw material blocks of the smallest units, and a plurality of layers of aluminum ingots are packaged into aluminum ingot stacks with specified sizes. In order to produce aluminum liquid, a casting plant is provided with a melting workshop, a plurality of melting furnaces are arranged in the workshop, an aluminum ingot stack is firstly put into the melting furnaces during melting, and a large amount of natural gas is adopted in the furnaces for combustion heating so as to melt solid aluminum ingots into the aluminum liquid. And transferring the molten aluminum in the melting furnace to a casting workshop by using a transfer ladle, pouring the molten aluminum into a heat-preserving furnace beside the casting machine, and casting parts subsequently.

At present, the melting furnace of melting the aluminium ingot all disposes in solitary workshop, needs solitary place, adopts a large amount of natural gas heating to melt the aluminium ingot during melting, and this kind of technology need consume a large amount of natural gas, produces very high carbon and discharges, and during atmospheric environment was directly discharged to a large amount of heat and combustion products, operation environment had also worsened, and the natural gas needs solitary transportation, supervision simultaneously, and the natural gas reveals, potential safety hazards such as catching fire also exist always.

In view of this, the present application provides a preheating device and a preheating method for non-ferrous metal ingots, which are developed and improved in view of the shortcomings of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preheating device and a preheating method of non-ferrous metal ingots, which realize preheating in advance, can simultaneously carry out automatic unstacking, conveying, preheating and feeding, and solve the problems of low production efficiency and unfriendliness to the environment in the prior art.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device, which includes an unstacking portion, a conveying portion, a preheating portion, and a feeding portion, wherein the unstacking portion includes a placing table for placing a metal ingot stack and a manipulator unit for carrying the metal ingot to the conveying portion; the conveying part comprises a conveying groove, a conveying guide rail, a base and a pushing-in mechanism, the conveying groove and the conveying guide rail which are matched are arranged on the base, and the pushing-in mechanism is arranged at the starting end of the conveying groove and is used for pushing metal ingots in the conveying groove to the preheating part at the tail end of the conveying part; the preheating part comprises a closed box body formed by an upper box body and a lower box body, two ends of the box body are respectively communicated with the conveying part and the input part through a lifting door, a heating element and a heat insulation plate are arranged in the upper box body and the lower box body, the heat insulation plate is arranged on a shell of the box body and used for heat insulation, and the heating element is fixed on the shell through the heat insulation plate and used for heating metal ingots in the box body; the input part is a box structure with two open ends, one end is connected with the outlet end of the preheating part, the other end is connected with the feed opening of the heat preservation furnace, and the input part is provided with a heat preservation plate for preserving heat of the preheated metal ingot.

Further, the part of breaking a jam still includes the frame, the manipulator unit includes three-dimensional removal axle, a rotation axis and the controller in X, Y, Z direction, Y is along Y to mobilizable the erectting on two parallel beams in frame top, X is to mobilizable the establishing in X direction to the removal axle Y is to removing epaxially, Z is to removing epaxial Z is to mobilizable the establishing X is to removing epaxially, Z is to removing the bottom of axle and being equipped with manipulator portion of snatching for snatch the ingot metal.

Further, the unstacking part further comprises a vision camera, the vision camera is arranged in the middle of the Y-direction moving shaft and faces the metal ingot stack, and the vision camera is used for collecting and calculating horizontal and vertical position errors of the metal ingots and negatively feeding back the errors to a controller of the manipulator unit.

Furtherly, conveying part still includes first supporting seat, the base is established on the first supporting seat, the mobilizable establishment of pushing mechanism the end that gets into at first supporting seat top, pushing mechanism includes flexible executor and pusher, the pusher is established the end of flexible executor is placed the direction towards metal ingot in the conveyer trough, the quantity of pusher and the quantity adaptation of conveyer trough.

Furthermore, the preheating part further comprises a second supporting seat, a first lifting door, a second lifting door, a first lifting cylinder and a second lifting cylinder, the lower box body is arranged at the top of the second supporting seat, the shell of the upper box body is hinged with the shell of the lower box body through a rotating shaft, the upper box body can be opened in a rotating mode, the first lifting door and the second lifting door are respectively inserted into the inlet end and the outlet end of the preheating part box body, and the first lifting cylinder and the second lifting cylinder are respectively connected with and drive the first lifting door and the second lifting door to move up and down, so that the two ends of the preheating part box body are opened or closed.

Further, the heating element in the upper box body and the lower box body is a radiant tube, a plurality of radiant tubes in the upper box body and the lower box body are equally divided into a heat-insulating plate which is inserted in and fixed on the box body shell, infrared uniform radiation heating is carried out on the surface of the metal ingot, a reflecting plate is further arranged on the surface of the heat-insulating plate and used for reflecting infrared rays to heat the metal ingot, a guardrail rod is mounted on the lower portion of the radiant tube in the upper box body, a slide rail seat and a slide rail are further mounted in the lower box body, the slide rail seat is mounted on the heat-insulating plate of the lower box body, the slide rail is mounted on the slide rail seat and used for supporting the metal ingot and playing a guiding role, and the clear distance between the radiant tube in the upper box body and the radiant tube in the lower box body and the surface of the metal ingot is 5-50 mm.

Further, the upper and lower radiant tubes may be designed in a shape of a straight tube, an L shape, a U shape, a W shape, an Ω shape, an S shape, or a spiral shape according to the shape and structure of the metal ingot to be heated.

Further, the heating elements in the upper box body and the lower box body are electromagnetic induction coil panels, each electromagnetic induction coil panel comprises an electromagnetic induction coil, a ceramic body, a coil lifting cylinder and guide rods, each coil lifting cylinder is arranged in the middle of one surface of the corresponding ceramic body and used for pushing the corresponding electromagnetic induction coil panel to move up and down, at least two guide rods used for guiding are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the ceramic bodies on two sides of each coil lifting cylinder, each electromagnetic induction coil is arranged on the other surface of the corresponding ceramic body, the corresponding ceramic body is arranged on the inner surface side of the corresponding heat insulation plate, the corresponding guide rods are inserted into the corresponding heat insulation plate and the corresponding shell, the corresponding electromagnetic induction coils face the corresponding heating area, the corresponding electromagnetic induction coils are electrified to generate high-frequency or medium-frequency currents, eddy currents are generated from the surfaces of metal ingots to the inner portions, the metal ingots are heated, and the net distances between the surfaces of the electromagnetic induction coils in the upper box body and the lower box body and the surfaces of the metal ingots are both 1.5-15 mm.

Further, the device also comprises a PLC control unit which is connected with and controls the work of the unstacking part, the conveying part, the preheating part and the input part.

In a second aspect, there is provided a method of preheating a non-ferrous metal ingot, using the preheating apparatus of the first aspect, the method comprising:

step S110, placing the nonferrous metal ingot stack on a stack disassembling part, and conveying the metal ingot to a conveying groove of a conveying part by a manipulator unit;

step S120, a pushing mechanism pushes the metal ingots in the conveying trough to the inlet end of the preheating part, a lifting door at the inlet end is lifted to be opened, after the metal ingots enter the preheating part, the lifting doors at the two ends are in a closed state, the metal ingots in a closed box body of the preheating part are rapidly heated to a preset temperature lower than the melting temperature of the metal ingots through a heating element, and the preset temperature can be set between 100 ℃ and 500 ℃ according to the requirement of production beat;

and S130, after the metal ingots are preheated, the outlet end lifting door of the preheating part rises and is opened, and the preheated high-temperature metal ingots are thrown into the heat preservation furnace through the feeding part to be continuously melted into a liquid state.

In summary, the non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device and the non-ferrous metal ingot preheating method provided by the invention can be used for automatic unstacking, conveying, preheating and feeding. The device realizes preheating the aluminum ingot to a certain temperature in advance, then continuously melts the preheated aluminum ingot by combining with the existing heat preservation furnace of the casting machine, further realizes abandoning the process of melting aluminum by an additional natural gas melting furnace, realizes the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction, and saves the place of an aluminum melting workshop for users.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stack of aluminium ingots placed in an unstacking section according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a conveying section and a preheating section of the apparatus for preheating a nonferrous metal ingot according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conveying part of a preheating apparatus for nonferrous metal ingots according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a preheating part of a preheating apparatus for nonferrous metal ingots according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a radiant tube in the upper/lower case according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an open axial view of the upper case of the preheating part according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic front view of the preheating section in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional view of the preheating part in fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the shape of the induction coil in fig. 7.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the shape of the induction coil of fig. 7.

In the figure:

10-a unstacking part; 11-a robot unit; 12-placing the table; 13-a frame; 14-a vision camera; 15-an aluminum ingot;

20-a conveying section; 21-a conveying trough; 22-a transport rail; 23-a base; 24-a push-in mechanism; 241-a telescopic actuator; 242-a push head; 27-a first support;

30-a preheating section; 31-upper box body; 32-lower box body; 33-a first lifting gate; 34-a second lift gate; 35-a first lifting cylinder; 36-a second lifting cylinder; 37-a second support seat; 38-heat insulation plate; 39-a reflector plate; 311-upper radiant tube; 3111-guard rail; 312-electromagnetic induction coil panel a; 3121-coil panel lifting cylinder a; 3122-guide A; 321-a lower radiant tube; 3211 a slide rail seat; 3212 a slide rail; 322-electromagnetic induction coil panel B; 3221-coil panel lifting cylinder B; 3222-guide bar B;

40-a feeding part;

50-heat preservation furnace.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, alterations, and improvements in the parts, components, and connections without departing from the spirit of the invention.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

The metal ingot in the following embodiments of the present application is described by taking an aluminum ingot as an example, and the apparatus and method of the present application are not limited to preheating aluminum ingots, but can also be applied to preheating other nonferrous metal ingots,

the casting machines in the casting shop are all provided with heat preservation furnaces, the heat preservation furnaces have certain aluminum ingot melting capacity, and the time for melting aluminum ingots by the heat preservation furnaces can meet the beat of cast parts if the aluminum ingots are preheated in advance properly. From this, this application provides an use device that electric energy preheated adopts infrared heat radiation to come preliminary preheating aluminum ingot to the uniform temperature, then drops into the heat preservation stove automatically and continues to melt the aluminum ingot that has heated, and the device front end increases unstacker for realize automatic handling and carry the aluminum ingot, reach automated production.

The invention relates to a non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device which is a device for preheating before melting non-ferrous metal part casting raw materials and can carry out automatic unstacking, conveying, preheating and feeding. The device realizes preheating the aluminum ingot to a certain temperature in advance, then continuously melts the preheated aluminum ingot by combining with the existing heat preservation furnace of the casting machine, further realizes abandoning the process of melting aluminum by an additional natural gas melting furnace, realizes the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction, and saves the place of an aluminum melting workshop for users.

The non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device is arranged beside a casting machine holding furnace and comprises a unstacking part, a conveying part, a preheating part and a feeding part, wherein a manipulator unit of the unstacking part firstly conveys normal-temperature aluminum ingots on an aluminum ingot stack into a conveying groove of the conveying part one by one automatically through the movement of four shafts, when the aluminum ingots in the preheating part are heated to a preset high temperature, two lifting doors of the preheating part are opened, a pushing-in mechanism of the conveying part pushes the normal-temperature aluminum ingots in the conveying groove into the preheating part through a pushing head, and the preheating part heats the normal-temperature aluminum ingots. And pushing the normal-temperature aluminum ingot, pushing the high-temperature aluminum ingot in the preheating part into the input part by the normal-temperature aluminum ingot, entering the holding furnace through the input part, and continuously melting the high-temperature aluminum ingot by the holding furnace. The overall axial view of the device is shown in figure 1:

referring to fig. 1 to 3, a non-ferrous metal ingot preheating apparatus according to the present invention includes at least a unstacking part 10, a conveying part 20, a preheating part 30, and a charging part 40. The unstacking section 10 includes a placing table 12 for placing a metal ingot pile (aluminum ingot pile) and a robot unit 11 for carrying a metal ingot (aluminum ingot 15) to a conveying section 20, the placing table 12 being used for placing the metal ingot pile (aluminum ingot pile). The conveying part 20 comprises a conveying groove 21, a conveying guide rail 22, a base 23 and a pushing-in mechanism 24, the conveying groove 21 and the conveying guide rail 22 which are matched are arranged on the base 23, and the pushing-in mechanism 24 is arranged at the starting end of the conveying groove 21 and is used for pushing metal ingots (aluminum ingots 15) in the conveying groove 21 to a preheating part 30 at the tail end of the conveying part 20. The preheating part 30 comprises a closed box body formed by an upper box body 31 and a lower box body 32, two ends of the box body are respectively communicated with the conveying part 20 and the input part 40 through lifting doors (a first lifting door 33 and a second lifting door 34), heating elements and heat insulation plates 38 are respectively arranged in the upper box body 31 and the lower box body 32, the heat insulation plates 38 are arranged on a shell of the box body and used for insulating heat, and the heating elements are arranged on the shell through the heat insulation plates 38 and used for heating metal ingots (aluminum ingots 15) in the box body. The input part 40 is a box structure with two open ends, one end is connected with the outlet end of the preheating part 30, the other end is connected with the feed opening of the holding furnace 50, and a holding plate is arranged in or outside the box of the input part 40 and used for holding the preheated metal ingot (aluminum ingot 15). It should be noted that the preheating device of the present application may further include a PLC control unit.

Specifically, the unstacking section 10 further comprises a frame 13, the manipulator unit 11 comprises three-dimensional X, Y and Z-direction moving shafts, a rotating shaft and a controller, the frame 13 is a supporting part, four moving shaft mechanisms of the manipulator are mounted on the upper portion of the frame 13, and can realize transverse, longitudinal and vertical movement in 3 directions and rotation of 1 unstacking manipulator, the Y-direction moving shaft is movably erected on two parallel beams on the top of the frame 13 along the Y direction, the X-direction moving shaft is movably arranged on the Y-direction moving shaft along the X direction, the Z-direction moving shaft is movably arranged on the X-direction moving shaft along the Z direction, and a manipulator grabbing part for grabbing metal ingots (aluminum ingots 15) is arranged at the bottom end of the Z-direction moving shaft.

As an alternative embodiment, the unstacking section 10 further comprises a vision camera 14, the vision camera 14 is arranged in the middle of the Y-direction moving axis and faces the ingot stack, and the vision camera 14 is used for collecting and accurately calculating horizontal and vertical position errors of the metal ingots and feeding back the errors to the controller of the manipulator unit 11. Alternatively, since the aluminum ingot 15 is of a standard size, the aluminum ingot pile may be detected without a camera, and grabbed in a feeding motion one by one according to the size of the aluminum ingot. The placing table 12 in the device is arranged below the frame 13 and on the side surface of the conveying part 20, the aluminum ingot stack is temporarily placed on the placing table 12, the placing table has the functions of bearing and positioning, and 1-3 aluminum stacks and the placing table can be arranged according to requirements. During operation, the manipulator is moved to the aluminium ingot that needs snatch on the control of motion axle, and the manipulator snatchs the portion and snatchs the aluminium ingot, carries the aluminium ingot to the V type conveyer trough of conveying part through the removal of motion axle.

Note: aluminum ingot stacks are standard stock packages formed by stacking multiple aluminum ingots, each positioned horizontally or longitudinally, together, see fig. 2 for a schematic illustration of an aluminum ingot stack.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the conveying part 20 further includes a first supporting seat 27 as a support, the base 23 is disposed on the first supporting seat 27, the pushing mechanism 24 is movably disposed at an entrance end of the top of the first supporting seat 27, the pushing mechanism 24 includes a telescopic actuator 241 and a pushing head 242, the pushing head 242 is disposed at an end of the telescopic actuator 241 and faces a direction in which the metal ingots (aluminum ingots 15) in the conveying trough 21 are placed, and the number of the pushing heads 242 is adapted to the number of the conveying trough 21. The conveying groove 21 is used for stably storing the aluminum ingots 15 and plays a role in moving and guiding, the conveying groove is generally V-shaped, and the number of the conveying grooves 21 for storing the aluminum ingots 15 can be designed to be 1-3 according to needs; the pushing head 242 is matched with the guide rail to realize sliding, and the guide rail plays a role in guiding and positioning. The telescopic actuator 241 is mounted on the first support base 27, and the telescopic actuator 241 drives the push head 242 to extend forward by a predetermined length so as to push the aluminum ingot 15 in the conveying trough 21 into the preheating part 30 through the lifting gate (first lifting gate 33), and then retracts to the initial position. The extended length of the telescopic actuator 241 is detected by a position sensor, typically a photoelectric sensor.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the preheating part 30 further includes a second support seat 37, a first lifting door 33, a second lifting door 34, a first lifting cylinder 35 and a second lifting cylinder 36, the lower box 32 is disposed on the top of the second support seat 37, the shell of the upper box 31 is hinged to the shell of the lower box 32 through a rotating shaft, the upper box 31 can be opened by rotating, so as to facilitate maintenance, the first lifting door 33 and the second lifting door 34 are respectively inserted into the inlet end and the outlet end of the box of the preheating part 30, and the first lifting cylinder 35 and the second lifting cylinder 36 are respectively connected to and drive the first lifting door 33 and the second lifting door 34 to move up and down, so as to open or close the two ends of the box of the preheating part 30.

Referring to fig. 5 to 6, as a preferred embodiment, the heating elements in the upper box 34 and the lower box 32 are radiant tubes (upper radiant tube 311 and lower radiant tube 321), a plurality of radiant tubes (upper radiant tube 311 and lower radiant tube 321) in the upper box and the lower box are respectively inserted into corresponding heat insulation plates 38 and fixed on the box shells, so as to heat the surface of the metal ingot (aluminum ingot 15) by infrared uniform radiation, the heat insulation plates 38 are installed inside the upper box and the lower box shells to perform a heat insulation function, and the shells are made of stainless steel. The surface of the heat insulation plate 38 is further provided with a reflection plate 39 for reflecting infrared rays to heat the metal ingot (aluminum ingot 15), the lower part of the upper radiation tube 311 in the upper box body is provided with a guard bar 3111 for protecting the upper radiation tube 311, the guard bar is made of high temperature resistant stainless steel (preferably 310 s), the lower box body 32 is further provided with a slide rail seat 3211 and a slide rail 3212, the slide rail seat 3211 is mounted on the heat insulation plate of the lower box body 32, the slide rail 3212 is mounted on the slide rail seat 3211, the slide rail 3212 is used for supporting the metal ingot and playing a guiding role, the slide rail 3212 and the slide rail seat 3211 are both made of high temperature resistant materials, and the clear distances from the radiation tubes (the upper radiation tube 311 and the lower radiation tube 321) in the upper box body to the surface of the metal ingot (aluminum ingot 15) are both 5-50 mm.

It should be noted that, when the preheating part 30 is operated, the upper box 31 and the lower box 32 are always closed, the first lifting gate 33 and the second lifting gate 34 are opened in a short time when the ingot (aluminum ingot 15) is pushed in, and are closed in a descending manner at other times, at this time, the preheating part 30 is a closed cavity, and the upper radiation pipe 311 and the lower radiation pipe 321 heat the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum ingot 15 respectively at the same time, thereby achieving the purpose of rapidly heating the aluminum ingot.

The shapes of the upper and lower radiant tubes 311 and 321 may be designed to be a straight tube shape, an L shape, a U shape, a W shape, an Ω shape, an S shape, a spiral shape, or the like according to the shape and structure of the ingot to be heated.

Referring to fig. 7 to 11, as another preferred embodiment, the heating elements in the upper box 31 and the lower box 32 are electromagnetic induction coil panels (an electromagnetic induction coil panel a312 and an electromagnetic induction coil panel B322), each electromagnetic induction coil panel includes an electromagnetic induction coil, a ceramic body, a coil lifting cylinder and guide rods, the coil lifting cylinders (a coil panel lifting cylinder a3121 and a coil panel lifting cylinder 3221) are disposed in the middle of one surface of the ceramic body and are used for pushing the electromagnetic induction coil panel (the electromagnetic induction coil panel a312 and the electromagnetic induction coil panel B322) to move up and down, at least two guide rods (a guide rod a3122 and a guide rod B3222) are disposed on the ceramic body surfaces on both sides of the coil lifting cylinder, the electromagnetic induction coil is disposed on the other surface of the ceramic body, the ceramic body is disposed on the inner surface side of the heat insulation plate, the guide rods are inserted into the heat insulation plate and the housing, the electromagnetic induction coil faces the heating region, the electromagnetic induction coil is energized to generate a high-frequency or intermediate-frequency current, so that eddy current appears on the surface of the metal ingot to the inside to heat the metal ingot, and heat the metal ingot, when heating, the metal ingot is heated, the metal ingot lifting cylinders (the coil panels 3121, B) push the coil panel a, B) and the aluminum ingot surface of the aluminum ingot to be close to the aluminum ingot, and pull the aluminum ingot surface of the aluminum ingot to the aluminum ingot, and pull the aluminum ingot to heat insulation coil panel, thereby completing the distance of the ingot.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the winding shape of the electromagnetic induction coil may be designed to be different depending on the surface shape of the body to be heated and the structure of the preheating part.

Similarly, the first lifting gate 33 and the second lifting gate 34 are opened in a short time when the aluminum ingot 15 is pushed in, and are closed in other times, at this time, the preheating part 30 is a closed cavity, the electromagnetic induction coil panel a312 and the electromagnetic induction coil panel B322 respectively approach the surface of the aluminum ingot 15 under the pushing of the coil panel lifting cylinder a3121 and the coil panel lifting cylinder B3221, and simultaneously respectively heat the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum ingot, thereby achieving the purpose of rapidly heating the aluminum ingot.

Referring to fig. 3, the input portion 40 includes a housing and a heat-insulating plate. The input unit 40 has one end connected to the outlet of the preheating unit 30 (the second elevating door 34 side) and the other end connected to the input port of the holding furnace 50. When the preheating section 30 heats the aluminum ingot 15 to a predetermined high temperature, the elevation doors (the first elevation door 33 and the second elevation door 34) of the preheating section 30 are opened, the telescopic actuator 241 of the conveying section 20 is extended to push the normal temperature aluminum ingot 15 in the conveying trough 21 into the preheating section 30, and the high temperature aluminum ingot in the preheating section 30 is pushed into the feeding section by the normal temperature aluminum ingot, and slides into the holding furnace 50, and the subsequent melting process is continued.

In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preheating a nonferrous metal ingot, using the preheating apparatus of the first aspect, the preheating method including at least the following steps S110 to S130:

step S110, placing the nonferrous metal ingot stack on a stack disassembling part, and conveying the metal ingot to a conveying groove of a conveying part by a manipulator unit;

step S120, pushing the metal ingots in the conveying groove to the inlet end of the preheating part by a pushing mechanism, lifting doors at the inlet end are lifted to be opened, after the metal ingots enter the preheating part, the lifting doors at the two ends are both in a closed state, the metal ingots in a closed box body of the preheating part are rapidly heated to a preset temperature lower than the melting temperature of the metal ingots by a heating element, and the preset temperature can be set to be between 100 and 500 ℃ according to the requirement of production beat;

and S130, after the metal ingots are preheated, the outlet end lifting door of the preheating part rises and is opened, and the preheated high-temperature metal ingots are thrown into the heat preservation furnace through the feeding part to be continuously melted into a liquid state.

In the method, the PLC control unit is used for connecting and controlling the work of the unstacking part, the conveying part, the preheating part and the feeding part, and the specific action control of each part is shown in the following table 1.

Table 1 non-ferrous metal preheater control

The non-ferrous metal low-pressure casting machine is generally provided with a holding furnace one by one, the capacity of the holding furnace is different from hundreds of kilograms to two tons, the heating power of the holding furnace is more than enough, if the heating capacity is utilized to melt an aluminum ingot, the purpose of melting the aluminum ingot by preheating and heating in the holding furnace can be met, on the basis, the inventor improves and innovates the prior art, the invention discloses the preheating device and the preheating method of the non-ferrous metal ingot, realizes the purpose of changing natural gas aluminum melting into electric aluminum melting, has remarkable energy-saving and carbon-reducing benefits, effectively utilizes the existing holding furnace and peripheral fields under the condition of guaranteeing the existing casting period, and completes automatic carrying, preheating and aluminum melting. Meanwhile, the space of an aluminum melting workshop is saved for a user for other purposes.

In summary, the embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments. For embodiments of the method, reference is made to the description of the apparatus embodiments in part. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not limited to the present application. Various modifications and alterations to this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A preheating device for nonferrous metal ingots is characterized by comprising:

the unstacking part comprises a placing table and a manipulator unit, the placing table is used for placing a metal ingot stack, and the manipulator unit is used for carrying the metal ingot to the conveying part;

the conveying part comprises a conveying groove, a conveying guide rail, a base and a pushing-in mechanism, the conveying groove and the conveying guide rail which are matched are arranged on the base, and the pushing-in mechanism is arranged at the starting end of the conveying groove and is used for pushing metal ingots in the conveying groove to a preheating part at the tail end of the conveying part;

the preheating part comprises a closed box body formed by an upper box body and a lower box body, two ends of the box body are respectively communicated with the conveying part and the input part through a lifting door, a heating element and a heat insulation plate are arranged in the upper box body and the lower box body, the heat insulation plate is arranged on a shell of the box body and used for heat insulation, and the heating element is fixed on the shell through the heat insulation plate and used for heating metal ingots in the box body;

the input part is of a box body structure with two open ends, one end of the input part is connected with the outlet end of the preheating part, the other end of the input part is connected with the feed opening of the heat preservation furnace, and the input part is provided with a heat preservation plate for preserving heat of the preheated metal ingot.

2. A non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the unstacking section further comprises a frame, the manipulator unit comprises three-dimensional X, Y and Z-directional moving shafts, a rotating shaft and a controller, the Y-directional moving shaft is movably erected on two parallel beams at the top of the frame along the Y direction, the X-directional moving shaft is movably arranged on the Y-directional moving shaft along the X direction, the Z-directional moving shaft is movably arranged on the X-directional moving shaft along the Z direction, and a manipulator grabbing section is arranged at the bottom end of the Z-directional moving shaft and used for grabbing a metal ingot.

3. A preheating apparatus for non-ferrous metal ingots according to claim 2, wherein the unstacking part further comprises a vision camera provided at a middle portion of the Y-direction moving axis and facing the stack of metal ingots, the vision camera being configured to collect and calculate horizontal and vertical position errors of the metal ingots and to negatively feed back to the controller of the manipulator unit.

4. The non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device according to claim 1, wherein the conveying part further comprises a first supporting seat, the base is arranged on the first supporting seat, the pushing mechanism is movably arranged at an inlet end of the top of the first supporting seat, the pushing mechanism comprises a telescopic actuator and a pushing head, the pushing head is arranged at the end of the telescopic actuator and faces the direction of metal ingot placement in the conveying groove, and the number of the pushing head is matched with the number of the conveying groove.

5. A non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preheating section further comprises a second support base, a first lift gate, a second lift gate, a first lift cylinder and a second lift cylinder, the lower housing is disposed on top of the second support base, the housing of the upper housing is hinged to the housing of the lower housing through a rotating shaft, the upper housing can be opened by rotation, the first lift gate and the second lift gate are respectively inserted into the inlet end and the outlet end of the preheating section housing, and the first lift cylinder and the second lift cylinder are respectively connected to and drive the first lift gate and the second lift gate to move up and down, so as to open or close the two ends of the preheating section housing.

6. A non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heating elements in the upper and lower cases are radiant tubes, a plurality of the radiant tubes in the upper and lower cases are respectively inserted into a heat-insulating plate and fixed on the case body shell, the surface of the metal ingot is heated by infrared uniform radiation as a whole, a reflection plate is further arranged on the surface of the heat-insulating plate for reflecting infrared rays to heat the metal ingot, a guard rail is arranged at the lower part of the radiant tube in the upper case, a slide rail seat and a slide rail are further arranged in the lower case, the slide rail seat is arranged on the heat-insulating plate of the lower case, the slide rail is arranged on the slide rail seat, the slide rail is used for supporting the metal ingot and playing a guiding role, and the clear distance between the radiant tube in the upper and lower cases and the surface of the metal ingot is 5-50 mm.

7. A preheating apparatus for a non-ferrous metal ingot as set forth in claim 6, wherein the upper and lower radiant tubes are shaped as a straight tube, an L shape, a U shape, a W shape, an omega shape, an S shape, or a spiral shape according to the shape and structure of the metal ingot to be heated.

8. A non-ferrous metal ingot preheating device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heating elements in the upper and lower cases are electromagnetic induction coil discs, each electromagnetic induction coil disc comprises an electromagnetic induction coil, a ceramic body, a coil lifting cylinder and guide rods, the coil lifting cylinder is arranged in the middle of one surface of the ceramic body and used for pushing the electromagnetic induction coil disc to move up and down, at least two guide rods for guiding are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the ceramic body on both sides of the coil lifting cylinder, the electromagnetic induction coil is arranged on the other surface of the ceramic body, the ceramic body is arranged on the inner surface side of the heat-breaking plate, the guide rods are inserted into the heat-breaking plate and the shell, the electromagnetic induction coil faces the heating region, the electromagnetic induction coil is electrified to generate high-frequency or medium-frequency current, so that eddy current appears from the surface of the metal ingot to the inside to heat the metal ingot, and the clear distance between the surfaces of the electromagnetic induction coils in the upper and lower cases and the surface of the metal ingot is 1.5-15 mm.

9. The non-ferrous metal ingot preheating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a PLC control unit which connects and controls operations of the unstacking section, the conveying section, the preheating section, and the charging section.

10. A method of preheating a nonferrous metal ingot, characterized by using the preheating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:

step S110, placing the nonferrous metal ingot stack on a stack disassembling part, and conveying the metal ingot to a conveying groove of a conveying part by a manipulator unit;

step S120, pushing the metal ingots in the conveying groove to the inlet end of the preheating part by a pushing mechanism, lifting doors at the inlet end are lifted to be opened, after the metal ingots enter the preheating part, the lifting doors at the two ends are both in a closed state, the metal ingots in a closed box body of the preheating part are rapidly heated to a preset temperature lower than the melting temperature of the metal ingots by a heating element, and the preset temperature can be set to be between 100 and 500 ℃ according to the requirement of production beat;

and S130, after the metal ingots are preheated, the outlet end lifting door of the preheating part rises and is opened, and the preheated high-temperature metal ingots are thrown into the heat preservation furnace through the feeding part to be continuously melted into a liquid state.

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