CN115200256A - Solar heat pump system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Solar heat pump system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115200256A CN115200256A CN202211126148.0A CN202211126148A CN115200256A CN 115200256 A CN115200256 A CN 115200256A CN 202211126148 A CN202211126148 A CN 202211126148A CN 115200256 A CN115200256 A CN 115200256A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar heat pump system and a control method thereof. In the invention, the heat collector is combined with the fluorine pump, the heat collector is utilized to convert solar energy into heat, and the fluorine pump is utilized to gasify liquid fluorine when the heat is excessive, so that the redundant heat is utilized to be phase-change stored; when solar energy is insufficient, the gaseous fluorine is converted into liquid to release energy, so that the heat exchange efficiency is further improved on the basis of the conventional solar heat pump system, and the energy consumption is reduced. The invention utilizes low-pressure working medium to work, and utilizes the temperature difference to control the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve so as to close heat exchange in time and effectively avoid freezing the pipe in winter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar heat pump system and a control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of heat pumps.
Background
The solar heat pump system is a heat pump system which utilizes solar energy as a heat source of an evaporator, and is technically characterized in that solar energy can be used for solar heat collection when the solar heat pump system is illuminated, and zero consumption is almost realized on other energy sources in the heat collection process, so that the solar heat pump system has huge development potential.
In the Chinese invention patent with the patent number ZL 200710190062.3, a heat collection, energy storage and evaporation integrated solar heat pump system is disclosed. The system comprises a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, a thermal expansion valve, an evaporator, a water pump and a water tank, wherein a refrigerant pipe, the thermal expansion valve and the evaporator of the compressor and the water-cooled condenser are connected in series to form a closed loop, and the water-cooled condenser, the water-cooled pipe, the water pump and the water tank are connected in series to form a closed loop, wherein the evaporator adopts a solar heat collection/heat pump evaporator, so that the heat exchange efficiency between a refrigerant and an energy storage medium in the evaporation pipe of the heat pump system is improved, and the efficient and stable operation of the whole energy storage type solar heat pump device is ensured.
In addition, in the chinese utility model with patent No. ZL 201020682354.6, a heat pump and solar collector integrated system is disclosed. In the system, a solar heat collector is connected to a heat pump unit and a hot water tank through a heat exchange pipeline, the heat pump unit is connected to the tail end of an indoor air conditioner and the hot water tank through the heat exchange pipeline, and the hot water tank is also connected to the tail end of the indoor air conditioner through the heat exchange pipeline. Several operation modes under summer working conditions, winter working conditions and spring and autumn working conditions are realized by an automatic switching or manual switching mechanism which is composed of an electric valve or a manual valve arranged on the pipeline and a circulating pump.
Because the climates in various regions are different, the illumination intensity is different, and the illumination intensity is different in different seasons, the solar heat pump system needs to be designed differently, otherwise, various problems of the solar heat pump system in the using process can be caused. For example, when the temperature of the solar heat pump system is very low in winter, the whole solar heat pump system is covered by external cold air, the cold air in the collecting pipe enters the pipeline, the pipeline is easy to freeze, the water tank is in a frozen state, and the solar heat pump system cannot work normally, so that technical measures are needed to be adopted for solving the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a solar heat pump system.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for controlling a solar heat pump system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a solar heat pump system comprising at least:
the heat collector is communicated with the first water tank through a first pipeline, and a first electromagnetic valve is mounted on the first pipeline;
the inlet end of the fluorine storage device is communicated with the first water tank through a second pipeline, the outlet end of the fluorine storage device is communicated with the heat collector through a third pipeline,
the fluorine pump assembly is connected with the heat collector through the third pipeline, a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the third pipeline, and the fluorine pump assembly is connected between the fluorine storage device and the second electromagnetic valve in series.
Preferably, the heat collector is realized by a heat pipe type vacuum tube heat collector.
Preferably, a first temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the heat collector and used for detecting the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector;
a second temperature sensor is arranged in the first water tank,
when the temperature difference between the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor is larger than or equal to a preset temperature value, the first electromagnetic valve is conducted.
Preferably, a heat exchange coil is arranged in the first water tank, a first end of the heat exchange coil is communicated with the first pipeline, a second end of the heat exchange coil is communicated with the second pipeline, and the heat exchange coil is used for heat transfer or exchange.
Wherein preferably said fluorine pump assembly comprises:
a fluorine pump installed at the third pipe;
the first pressure sensor is arranged at the inlet end of the fluorine pump;
and the second pressure sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the fluorine pump.
Preferably, when the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is greater than a preset value, the fluorine pump is switched on; and when the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is less than or equal to a preset value, the fluorine pump stops working.
Preferably, the heat collector further comprises a plurality of vacuum tube assemblies, and the collector extends along the arrangement direction of the vacuum tube assemblies and is connected with the vacuum tube assemblies;
the vacuum tube assemblies comprise a plurality of heat tubes, each vacuum tube assembly is provided with one heat tube, and the heat tubes are used for draining or converting liquid;
the heat absorption assembly comprises a plurality of heat absorption plates, the heat absorption plates are fixedly connected with one another, each heat absorption plate is provided with a through hole, the through holes are connected together to form a guide channel, and the guide channel is used for mounting the heat pipe;
the glass tubes are correspondingly sleeved on the outer side of the heat absorption assembly and used for resisting heat dissipation of the heat tubes;
the condenser is correspondingly arranged at the end parts of the heat pipes and is arranged along the extending direction of the heat pipes, and the condenser is used for converting gas or steam into liquid.
Preferably, the heat collector further comprises a heat preservation box, the heat preservation box extends along the extending direction of the collecting pipe, and the collecting pipe is installed in the heat preservation box;
each heat transfer block is provided with a groove, and the condenser is installed in the groove.
Preferably, the solar heat pump system further comprises a second water tank, the second water tank is a constant-temperature water supply tank, and the first water tank and the second water tank are communicated in parallel through a fourth pipeline and a fifth pipeline;
the fourth pipeline is provided with a third electromagnetic valve, the fifth pipeline is provided with a circulating water pump, one end of the circulating water pump is provided with a fourth electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the circulating water pump is provided with a fifth electromagnetic valve.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a control method of a solar heat pump system, including the steps of:
acquiring the temperature of an outlet of the heat collector; acquiring the water temperature of a first water tank;
judging whether the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector is higher than the water temperature of the first water tank or not;
if not, the first electromagnetic valve on the first pipeline and the second electromagnetic valve on the third pipeline are in a closed state, and the solar heat pump system stops reverse heat exchange; if yes, the first electromagnetic valve on the first pipeline and the second electromagnetic valve on the third pipeline are in a conducting state, and the solar heat pump system works.
Compared with the prior art, the solar heat pump system provided by the invention combines the heat collector and the fluorine pump, converts solar energy into heat by using the heat collector, and gasifies liquid fluorine by using the fluorine pump when the heat is excessive, so that redundant heat is utilized to be phase-change stored; when solar energy is insufficient, the gaseous fluorine is converted into liquid to release energy, so that the heat exchange efficiency is further improved on the basis of the conventional solar heat pump system, and the energy consumption is reduced.
In addition, the invention utilizes low-pressure working medium to work, and utilizes the temperature difference to control the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve so as to close heat exchange in time, thereby effectively avoiding pipe freezing in winter, prolonging the service life of the solar heat pump system and reducing the maintenance cost of the solar heat pump system.
Furthermore, the invention utilizes the pressure difference to control the starting of the fluorine pump, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and facilitating the operation and maintenance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system schematic of a solar heat pump system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at B in FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a solar heat pump system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a solar heat pump system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a heat collector 10, a first water tank 20, a fluorine storage device 50, a fluorine pump assembly 41 and a heat pump 200. The heat collector 10 can be realized by adopting a heat pipe type vacuum tube heat collector, the inner container of the heat collector is welded in an all-copper high-frequency mode, and the heat insulation layer is foamed and insulated by fluorine-free polyurethane, so that the heat insulation performance is good; the vacuum tubes are arranged densely, the number of the heat collecting tubes per unit length is large, the heat absorption is fast, and the efficiency is high.
This heat pipe formula vacuum tube heat collector has the advantage of full glass vacuum tube heat collector, still has following advantage in addition: (A) freezing resistance: the vacuum tube does not leak water, does not freeze the tube, and can not be frozen even in the environment of 40 ℃ below zero, so that the problem that the heat collecting tube is frozen in winter or at night in the common solar heat collector can be avoided; (B) quick start: the heat capacity of the working medium in the heat pipe is very small, the vacuum pipe is started to transfer heat quickly, and the vacuum pipe can be started quickly under the low-sunlight condition of cloudy weather and haze weather, so that heat can be collected effectively; (C) good heat preservation performance: the heat pipe has unique thermal diode function, and the phase change unidirectional heat transfer is realized, namely, heat can be transferred from the evaporation end at the bottom of the heat pipe to the condensation end to release heat, but can not be transferred from the condensation end to the evaporation end of the heat pipe, so that the heat diffusion of a heated medium can be reduced, and the backflow heat dissipation at night or in cloudy days can be prevented; (D) strong bearing capacity: because the heated working medium does not directly flow into the vacuum tube, the system pipeline can bear higher working pressure (about 2.6 Mpa), has strong pressure-bearing capacity which is far greater than the pressure-bearing capacity of the full-glass vacuum tube heat collector; (E) good impact resistance: all the vacuum tubes can bear sharp cold and heat changes, and even if cold water is suddenly injected into the vacuum tubes with long air drying time, the vacuum tubes cannot explode; (G) high thermal efficiency: the vacuum tube has no water leakage, no scaling and stable heat efficiency, and the heat efficiency is higher than that of a full-glass vacuum tube collector and a flat plate collector because the starting is quick and the heat dissipation is less.
In the embodiment of the invention, the working principle of the heat pipe type vacuum tube heat collector is as follows: sunlight penetrates through the glass tube and irradiates on the heat absorbing plate, and the solar radiation energy is converted into heat energy by the high-absorptivity solar selective absorbing film. The heat absorbed by the heat absorbing plate quickly vaporizes a small amount of working medium in the heat pipe, the vaporized working medium rises to the condensation end of the heat pipe and emits latent heat of vaporization to the heated working medium (water or air), and then is condensed into liquid, flows back to the evaporation end of the heat pipe under the action of gravity, and the absorbed solar radiation energy is continuously transmitted to the heating working medium at the condensation end by utilizing the vapor-liquid phase change circulation process of the small amount of working medium in the heat pipe. The heat energy is transmitted to the built-in heat pipe through the fins, the working medium in the evaporation end of the heat pipe is rapidly heated and vaporized, the vaporized working medium rises to the condensation end of the heat pipe, so that the condensation end is rapidly heated, and the energy is conducted and collected to a medium (water or antifreeze) passing through the runner pipe through the condensation sleeve; after releasing latent heat of vaporization, the working medium in the heat pipe is condensed into liquid, flows back to the evaporation section of the heat pipe under the action of gravity, receives the heat of the heat collecting pipe, rises again for vaporization, is condensed again for backflow, and works in a reciprocating way in a circulating way. The heat pipe type vacuum tube heat collector continuously absorbs solar radiation energy to provide heat energy through the vapor-liquid phase change circulation process of working media in the heat pipe.
In one embodiment of the invention, the heat collector 10 is communicated with the first water tank 20 through a first pipeline 30, a first solenoid valve 301 is installed on the first pipeline 30, the inlet end of the Chu Fu device 50 is communicated with the first water tank 20 through a second pipeline 31, the outlet end of the Chu Fu device 50 is communicated with the heat collector 10 through a third pipeline 40, a fluorine pump assembly 41 is connected with the heat collector 10 through the third pipeline 40, a second solenoid valve 401 is arranged on the third pipeline 40, and the fluorine pump assembly 41 is connected between the Chu Fu device 50 and the second solenoid valve 401 in series. The heat collector 10 collects heat energy and transfers it to the first water tank 20 through the first pipe 30 to heat cold water in the first water tank 20.
The outlet of the heat collector 10 is provided with a first temperature sensor 101 for detecting the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector 10. A second temperature sensor 201 is provided in the first water tank 20. Wherein, install first solenoid valve 301 on the first pipeline 30, first solenoid valve 301 is used for protecting first water tank 20, avoids freezing of first water tank 20 and pipeline. When the temperature difference between the first temperature sensor 101 and the second temperature sensor 201 is greater than or equal to a preset temperature value, the first electromagnetic valve 301 is turned on; when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature value, the first electromagnetic valve 301 is turned off. For example, in winter, when the temperature difference between the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 101 and the temperature of the first water tank 20 (i.e., the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 201) does not reach the preset temperature value of 8 ℃, the first electromagnetic valve 301 is closed, and the solar heat pump system stops the reverse heat exchange, thereby preventing the freezing of the first water tank 20 and the pipeline.
The fluorine pump assembly 41 is connected to the third conduit 40 for inhibiting the solar thermal pump system from operating when the pressure differential is below a predetermined pressure value. Wherein the predetermined pressure value is preferably 7bar, for example, when the outlet pressure of the fluorine pump assembly or the inlet pressure of the fluorine pump is lower than 7bar, which indicates that the fluorine pressure is not enough, the fluorine pump assembly prohibits the solar heat pump system from starting and avoids burning the pipe.
The fluorine pump assembly 41 is connected in series between the Chu Fu vessel 50 and the second solenoid valve 401. If the measured pressure difference of the fluorine pump assembly 41 is lower than 7bar, which indicates that the fluorine pressure is insufficient, the fluorine pump assembly prohibits the solar heat pump system from being started, and avoids burning the pipe; the fluorine pump assembly is inhibited from starting when the difference between the outlet pressure of the fluorine pump assembly and the inlet pressure of the fluorine pump assembly is measured to be less than 1bar for 60 seconds, thereby protecting the first water tank 20 and the piping from freezing.
A second solenoid valve 401 is provided on the third pipe 40. The second solenoid valve 401 is used to protect the pipe and the first hot water tank from reverse heat exchange. For example, when the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector is higher than the temperature of the first water tank by 8 ℃ (namely, the temperature difference between the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor is more than or equal to 8 ℃), the second electromagnetic valve 401 and the first electromagnetic valve 301 are opened simultaneously, and the fluorine pump assembly is started; when the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector is lower than the temperature of the first water tank by 8 ℃, the second electromagnetic valve 401 and the first electromagnetic valve 301 are closed simultaneously, the fluorine pump assembly stops starting, and the reverse heat exchange of the solar heat pump system is stopped, so that the protection of the first water tank 20 and the pipeline is realized.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the heat collector 10 absorbs solar energy, enters the first water tank 20 through the first pipe 30, heats cold water in the first water tank 20, and realizes heat exchange and transfer, the heat energy after exchange or transfer enters the fluorine storage device 50 through the second pipe 31, and the heat energy of the fluorine storage device 50 returns to the heat collector 10 through the third pipe 40 under the action of the heat energy re-fluorine pump assembly 41, so as to realize heat circulation or heat exchange of the solar heat pump system 100. Wherein, a first electromagnetic valve 301 is arranged between the heat collector 10 and the first water tank 20, and a second electromagnetic valve 401 is arranged between the heat collector and the fluorine pump assembly 41. When the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector is lower than the temperature of the first water tank 20, the first electromagnetic valve 301 and the second electromagnetic valve 401 are closed, so that the first water tank 20 and the pipeline are protected. A fluorine pump assembly 41 is installed between the second solenoid valve 401 and the fluorine storage 50, and determines the working state of the outlet end of the fluorine storage 50 by detecting whether the pressure or the pressure difference between the two ends of the fluorine pump assembly meets the qualified standard.
As shown in fig. 3, the inlet end of the Chu Fu device 50 is communicated with the first water tank 20 through the second pipe 31, so as to realize the communication between the first pipe 30 and the second pipe 31, and the liquid is made to pass through the first water tank 20 from the first pipe 30 and enter the second pipe 31, so as to enter the fluorine storage device 50. Meanwhile, the outlet end of the fluorine storage device 50 is communicated with the heat collector 10 through the third pipeline 40, so that the second pipeline 31 is communicated with the third pipeline 40.
The liquid in the Chu Fu device 50 flows into the third pipeline 40 through the outlet end of the fluorine storage device 50, the liquid in the third pipeline 40 flows into the heat collector 10 to form a circular flow passage, the third pipeline 40 is provided with a fluorine pump assembly 41 and a second electromagnetic valve 401, and the second electromagnetic valve 401 is connected with the fluorine pump assembly 41 in series to realize the protection of the pipelines. When the outlet temperature of the heat collector 10 is lower than the temperature of the first water tank 20, the first electromagnetic valve 301 is closed, and the second electromagnetic valve 401 is also closed, so that the pipeline is protected, frost cracking of the pipeline is avoided, and the solar heat pump system stops reverse heat exchange.
In another embodiment of the present invention, when the outlet temperature of the heat collector 10 is higher than the temperature of the first water tank 20 by 8 ℃ -10 ℃ (preferably 8 ℃), the fluorine pump assembly 41 is started, the first solenoid valve 301 and the second solenoid valve 401 are in an open state, and the liquid flows into the heat collector 10 through the first pipeline 30, the first water tank 20, the second pipeline 31, the fluorine storage device 50 and the third pipeline 40, so that the circulation of the whole pipeline is realized, and the reverse heat exchange of the solar heat pump system is further realized.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, when the outlet temperature of the heat collector 10 is reduced to 2-4 deg.C (preferably 2 deg.C) higher than the temperature of the first water tank 20, the fluorine pump assembly 41 stops working, the liquid in the pipe is not circulated, and the reverse heat exchange of the solar heat pump system stops.
As shown in fig. 2, the solar heat pump system 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention prevents the pipeline from freezing due to the external low temperature entering the first water tank 20 by providing the first solenoid valve 301 and the second solenoid valve 401; the fluorine pump assembly 41 is arranged to realize the liquid conveying and further realize the circulating circulation.
In one embodiment of the present invention, collector 10 further comprises a header. The manifold communicates with a first conduit 30 for the passage of low pressure working fluid. In the embodiment of the invention, the heat collector 10 is protected by improving the working medium, and the heat collector 10 is prevented from being frozen. Moreover, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat collector 10 is improved by introducing low-pressure working medium into the collecting pipe.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a heat exchange coil 202 is disposed within the first tank 20. Wherein, the shape of heat exchange coil 202 is spiral. Heat exchange coil 202 has a first end in communication with first conduit 30 and a second end in communication with second conduit 31. The heat exchange coil 202 is used for realizing heat transfer or exchange, and the spiral structural design enlarges the heat exchange area.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, the solar heat pump system 100 further includes a second water tank 21. One inlet and outlet of which is connected with the heat pump 200, and the other inlet and outlet of which is connected with the first water tank 20. In case of insufficient solar energy, the temperature of the first water tank 20 is not high enough, and the heat pump 200 can supply heat to the second water tank 21, so that the second water tank 21 is a constant temperature water supply tank. The first tank 20 and the second tank 21 are communicated with each other through the fourth pipe 33 and the fifth pipe 34 in parallel, so that the liquid of the first tank 20 flows into the second tank 21 through the fourth pipe 33. That is, the second tank 21 is connected to the first tank 20 through the heat pump 200 and the fourth pipe 33 and the fifth pipe 34, so that the first tank 20 directly supplies heat to the second tank 21 when the temperature of the water in the first tank 20 is high; when the temperature of the first water tank 20 is insufficient, heat is supplied to the second water tank 21 by the heat pump 200 to maintain the second water tank 21 as a constant temperature water tank. The second water tank 21 is also connected with a piping group 60 for supplying heat to the outside.
As shown in fig. 2, the fourth pipe 33 is mounted with a third solenoid valve 331. By providing the third electromagnetic valve 331, the liquid flow into the second tank 21 is realized. The fifth pipe 34 is installed with a water circulating pump 341, one end of the water circulating pump 341 is installed with a fourth electromagnetic valve 342, and the other end is installed with a fifth electromagnetic valve 343, wherein the fourth electromagnetic valve 342 measures the pressure at one end of the water circulating pump 341, and the fifth electromagnetic valve 343 measures the pressure at the other end of the water circulating pump 341 to realize the circulation of the liquid.
As shown in FIG. 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, the fluorine pump assembly 41 includes a fluorine pump 411. The fluorine pump 411 is installed on the third pipe 40. By providing the fluorine pump 411, the liquid in the second pipe 31 flows into the third pipe 40, and the whole heat collector 10 is circulated. Meanwhile, the energy consumption of the fluorine pump 411 is low, so that the running cost of the whole solar heat pump system is reduced, and the economic requirement is met.
The fluorine pump assembly 41 may also include a first pressure sensor 412. A first pressure sensor 412 is provided at the inlet end of the fluorine pump 411. By providing the first pressure sensor 412, measurement of the inlet pressure of the fluorine pump 411 is achieved. The fluorine pump assembly 41 may also include a second pressure sensor 413. The second pressure sensor 413 is arranged at the outlet end of the fluorine pump 411, and the measurement of the outlet pressure of the fluorine pump 411 is realized by arranging the second pressure sensor 413. By measuring the pressure difference between the inlet pressure value and the outlet pressure value of the fluorine pump 411, if the pressure difference is less than 1bar to 3bar (preferably less than 1 bar) and lasts for 60s to 80s (preferably 60 s), the fluorine pump 411 is prohibited from being started. The pressure difference can be used to determine whether the fluorine in the fluorine pump 411 is insufficient. When the pressure difference is insufficient, indicating that the fluorine is insufficient, the start of the fluorine pump 411 is prohibited, and the tube can be prevented from being burned.
In some embodiments of the present invention, heat collector 10 further comprises a plurality of vacuum tube assemblies. The collecting pipe extends along the arrangement direction of the vacuum pipe assemblies and is connected with the vacuum pipe assemblies; the vacuum tube assemblies comprise a plurality of heat tubes, namely each vacuum tube assembly is correspondingly provided with one heat tube, and the heat tubes are used for draining or converting liquid. The heat pipe may communicate with the third pipe 40 to circulate the liquid. It can be understood that the low-pressure working medium is introduced into the collecting pipe, so that the heat exchange of the split type heat pipe is realized, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved, the operation cost of the whole solar heat pump system is reduced, and the scaling is avoided.
In the vacuum tube assembly, a heat absorbing assembly may also be included. The heat absorption assembly comprises a plurality of heat absorption plates, the heat absorption plates are fixedly connected with one another, each heat absorption plate is provided with a through hole, the through holes are connected together to form a guide channel, and the guide channel is used for installing a heat pipe.
The plurality of vacuum tube assemblies may further comprise a plurality of glass tubes. The glass tubes are correspondingly sleeved on the outer side of the heat absorption assembly and used for resisting heat dissipation of the heat pipe, so that the heat dissipation speed is slowed down, and the effects of slow heat dissipation and long temperature maintenance time are realized.
The plurality of vacuum tube assemblies may further comprise a plurality of condensers. The plurality of condensers are correspondingly arranged at the ends of the plurality of heat pipes and are arranged along the extending direction of the plurality of heat pipes. These condensers are used to convert gases or vapors into liquids.
In some embodiments of the present invention, heat collector 10 further comprises a heat retention box. The heat preservation box extends along the extending direction of the collecting pipe, and the collecting pipe is arranged in the heat preservation box and used for realizing heat preservation. The collector 10 further includes a plurality of heat transfer blocks, each heat transfer block being formed with a groove. The condenser is arranged in the groove of the heat transfer block, and the stability of the structure can be realized.
As shown in fig. 4, a method for controlling a solar heat pump system according to an embodiment of the present invention at least includes the following steps: t01: acquiring the temperature of an outlet of the heat collector 10 and acquiring the water temperature of the first water tank 20; and (3) TO2: judging whether the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector 10 is higher than the water temperature of the first water tank 20; t03: if not, the first electromagnetic valve 301 on the first pipeline 30 and the second electromagnetic valve 401 on the third pipeline 40 are in a closed state, and the solar heat pump system stops reverse heat exchange; if yes, the first electromagnetic valve on the first pipeline and the second electromagnetic valve on the third pipeline are in a conducting state, and the solar heat pump system works.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in TO1, the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector 10 is measured by the first temperature sensor 101, and then the temperature of the water in the first water tank 20 is detected; in the TO2, the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector 10 is compared with the water temperature of the first water tank 20, so that a temperature difference exists, and the starting and stopping of the fluorine pump assembly 41 are judged according TO the temperature difference; in T03, when the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector 10 is lower than the water temperature of the first water tank 20, the first solenoid valve 301 of the first pipe 30 and the second solenoid valve 401 of the third pipe 40 are in a closed state, and the solar heat pump system 100 stops the reverse heat exchange, thereby preventing the occurrence of the event of freezing the pipes.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector 10 is higher than the water temperature of the first water tank 20 by 8 ℃, the fluorine pump assembly 41 maintains the normal start-up mode. When the temperature at the outlet of the collector 10 drops to 5 c above the temperature of the water in the first tank 20, the fluorine pump assembly 41 enters a stop mode.
Compared with the prior art, the solar heat pump system provided by the invention combines the heat collector and the fluorine pump, converts solar energy into heat by using the heat collector, and gasifies liquid fluorine by using the fluorine pump when the heat is excessive, so that redundant heat is utilized to be phase-change stored; when solar energy is insufficient, the gaseous fluorine is converted into liquid, energy is released, and therefore heat exchange efficiency is further improved on the basis of the existing solar heat pump system, and energy consumption is reduced.
In addition, the invention utilizes low-pressure working medium to work, and utilizes temperature difference to control the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve so as to close heat exchange in time, thereby effectively avoiding pipe freezing in winter, prolonging the service life of the solar heat pump system and reducing the maintenance cost thereof. Furthermore, the invention utilizes the pressure difference to control the starting of the fluorine pump, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and facilitating the operation and maintenance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The solar heat pump system and the control method thereof provided by the present invention are explained in detail above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any obvious modifications thereof can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which infringes the patent right of the invention and bears the corresponding legal responsibility.
Claims (10)
1. A solar heat pump system, comprising:
the solar water heater comprises a heat collector (10), a first water tank (20) and a second water tank (21), wherein the heat collector (10) is communicated with the first water tank (20) through a first pipeline (30), and a first electromagnetic valve (301) is installed on the first pipeline (30); the first water tank (20) and the second water tank (21) are connected through a heat pump (200);
the inlet end of the fluorine storage device (50) is communicated with the first water tank (20) through a second pipeline (31), and the outlet end of the fluorine storage device (50) is communicated with the heat collector (10) through a third pipeline (40);
a fluorine pump assembly (41) connected to the heat collector (10) through the third pipe (40), and a second solenoid valve (401) is provided on the third pipe (40), the fluorine pump assembly (41) being connected in series between the fluorine reservoir (50) and the second solenoid valve (401).
2. A solar heat pump system as defined in claim 1 wherein:
the heat collector (10) is realized by adopting a heat pipe type vacuum tube heat collector.
3. Solar heat pump system according to claim 2, characterized in that at the outlet of the collector (10) a first temperature sensor (101) is provided for detecting the temperature at the outlet of the collector (10); a second temperature sensor (201) is arranged in the first water tank (20);
when the temperature difference between the first temperature sensor (101) and the second temperature sensor (201) is larger than or equal to a preset temperature value, the first electromagnetic valve (301) is conducted.
4. A solar heat pump system as defined in claim 1, wherein: a heat exchange coil (202) is arranged in the first water tank (20), the first end of the heat exchange coil (202) is communicated with the first pipeline (30), and the second end of the heat exchange coil is communicated with the second pipeline (31).
5. Solar heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluorine pump assembly (41) comprises:
a fluorine pump (411) installed at the third pipe (40);
a first pressure sensor (412) mounted at the inlet end of the fluorine pump (411);
a second pressure sensor (413) mounted at the outlet end of the fluorine pump (411).
6. A solar heat pump system according to claim 5, wherein:
when the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor (412) and the second pressure sensor (413) is larger than a preset value, the fluorine pump (411) is conducted;
when the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor (412) and the second pressure sensor (413) is smaller than or equal to a preset value, the fluorine pump (411) stops working.
7. Solar heat pump system according to claim 3, characterized in that said collector (10) further comprises a manifold and a plurality of vacuum tube assemblies, said manifold extending in the direction of the arrangement of the plurality of said vacuum tube assemblies and being connected to the plurality of said vacuum tube assemblies; wherein a plurality of said vacuum tube assemblies comprise:
the heat pipes are arranged on each vacuum pipe assembly, and are used for draining or converting liquid;
the heat absorption assembly comprises a plurality of heat absorption plates, the heat absorption plates are fixedly connected with one another, each heat absorption plate is provided with a through hole, the through holes are connected together to form a guide channel, and the guide channel is used for mounting the heat pipe;
the glass tubes are correspondingly sleeved on the outer side of the heat absorption assembly and used for resisting heat dissipation of the heat pipe;
the condenser is used for converting gas or steam into liquid.
8. Solar heat pump system according to claim 7, characterized in that said collector (10) further comprises:
a heat-retaining box extending in a direction in which the header extends, the header being mounted in the heat-retaining box;
each heat transfer block is provided with a groove, and the condenser is installed in the groove.
9. Solar heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a second water tank (21); the second water tank (21) is a constant-temperature water supply tank, and the first water tank (20) and the second water tank (21) are communicated in parallel through a fourth pipeline (33) and a fifth pipeline (34);
the third electromagnetic valve (331) is installed on the fourth pipeline (33), the circulating water pump (341) is installed on the fifth pipeline (34), the fourth electromagnetic valve (342) is installed on one end of the circulating water pump (341), and the fifth electromagnetic valve (343) is installed on the other end of the circulating water pump.
10. A method of controlling a solar heat pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
acquiring the temperature of an outlet of the heat collector; acquiring the water temperature of a first water tank;
judging whether the temperature of the outlet of the heat collector is higher than the water temperature of the first water tank or not;
if not, the first electromagnetic valve on the first pipeline and the second electromagnetic valve on the third pipeline are in a closed state, and the solar heat pump system stops reverse heat exchange; if yes, the first electromagnetic valve on the first pipeline and the second electromagnetic valve on the third pipeline are in a conducting state, and the solar heat pump system continuously works.
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| CN115200256B (en) | 2023-01-24 |
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