CN115200164A - Cruise ship air conditioning system state monitoring and intelligent operation management system based on SCADA - Google Patents
Cruise ship air conditioning system state monitoring and intelligent operation management system based on SCADA Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/56—Remote control
- F24F11/58—Remote control using Internet communication
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/02—Ventilation; Air-conditioning
- B63J2/04—Ventilation; Air-conditioning of living spaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
- F24F11/38—Failure diagnosis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/61—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using timers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
- F24F11/67—Switching between heating and cooling modes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of state monitoring and intelligent operation management of a mail steamer air conditioning system, and discloses an SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) based mail steamer air conditioning system state monitoring and intelligent operation management system. The cruise ship air conditioning system state monitoring and intelligent operation management system based on SCADA facilitates maintenance and management of the air conditioning system, improves safety and reliability of the air conditioner, and reduces energy consumption of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of status monitoring and intelligent operation management of a cruise ship air conditioning system, in particular to a status monitoring and intelligent operation management system of the cruise ship air conditioning system based on SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition).
Background
The market of the cruise ship is huge, the cruise ship is developed in a rapid rising way, and the potential is huge, but the construction of the cruise ship in China, particularly the construction of a large-scale cruise ship, starts late and is lack of experience, and the related technology is still monopolized abroad at present. The air conditioning system (HVAC), which is the most important device for controlling the environment of the cruise ship, directly affects the comfort and riding experience of passengers, the market competitiveness of the cruise ship and the development prospect of the cruise ship tourism market, and domestic research on the system state monitoring and intelligent operation management technology of the air conditioning system (HVAC) is almost blank, so that related research and application work is necessary to be carried out.
Since the mail steamer has a huge system, a complex structure (tens of decks, thousands of cabin rooms), numerous personnel (generally three thousand to six thousand) and a complex external environment, the composition of the air conditioning system is huge and complex, and thus, the management of the air conditioning system scientifically and efficiently faces a very serious challenge.
Meanwhile, ocean-going maintenance is inconvenient, the reliability requirement of the heating ventilation air-conditioning system is higher, the cabin environment is deteriorated due to the fault of the air-conditioning system, the experience of tourists is reduced, and the energy consumption of the air-conditioning system is increased. Therefore, the fault which is still in the early stage and does not affect the normal operation of the air conditioning system is found in time, the propagation delay of the fault is prevented, the fault can be positioned in time after the fault occurs, and the quick fault removal has important significance, so that not only can the safety and the reliability of the system be improved, but also the energy waste caused by the fault can be effectively reduced.
In addition, the cruise ship has higher energy consumption and limited energy reserve, so that energy-saving measures are necessary to be taken to save energy, and the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection in the current times are met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the technology, the invention provides the status monitoring and intelligent operation management system of the cruise ship air conditioning system based on the SCADA, which is convenient for the maintenance and management of the air conditioning system, improves the safety and reliability of the air conditioner and reduces the energy consumption of the system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the status monitoring and intelligent operation management system of the cruise ship air conditioning system based on the SCADA comprises an upper computer, a server, a lower computer, a data communication network and a data acquisition variable table, wherein the upper computer is used for acquiring the data of the cruise ship air conditioning system, and the lower computer is used for acquiring the data of the cruise ship air conditioning system:
the upper computer is an air conditioning system state control client side and is provided with a human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface, and monitoring information of the upper computer comprises air conditioning system state parameters and cabin information;
the server comprises a database server, a fault diagnosis server, a man-machine interaction monitoring interface server and an energy-saving optimization server;
the lower computer is an air conditioning system, the state parameters of the air conditioning system required by monitoring the state of the air conditioning system are collected into the PLC through a sensing detection device, the PLC receives control parameter data returned by the upper computer through the server, the values of the corresponding state parameters of the air conditioning system in the PLC are updated, an execution mechanism in the air conditioning system is controlled, and the real-time online control of the upper computer on the air conditioning system is realized;
the data communication network comprises communication between the sensing detection device and the lower computer PLC, communication between the PLC and the server, communication between the server and the upper computer;
the collected data variable table comprises a monitoring variable table and an intelligent operation management variable table, variables in the collected data variable table are derived from state parameters and cabin information of the air conditioning system, the monitoring variable table is used for a human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface of the upper computer to achieve state monitoring and remote control of the air conditioning system, and variables in the intelligent operation management variable table are used for fault diagnosis and energy-saving optimization decision.
Preferably, the cabin information comprises a cabin set temperature, an air supply temperature, a heating coil valve opening degree, a cabin actual temperature, a cabin room clamping state and a cabin balcony door state;
the system comprises a database server, a man-machine interaction monitoring interface server, an energy-saving optimization server and a report interface server, wherein the database server is used for storing, managing and synchronizing data in the PLC, the fault diagnosis server is used for establishing a fault diagnosis model, diagnosing faults and storing and transmitting fault diagnosis result data, the man-machine interaction monitoring interface server is used for monitoring state parameter data of an air conditioning system in a monitoring interface, monitoring trends, alarming, inquiring, calling and returning and storing data in the report interface, and the energy-saving optimization server is used for intelligently operating, saving energy and reducing consumption;
the lower computer directly calls the sensing detection parameters of the air conditioning system in the PLC storage unit, and the state parameters of the air conditioning system obtained by calculating the acquired input data are obtained by logical operation.
Preferably, the collected data variable table realizes the standardized calling of each part in the air conditioning system to the monitoring variable through variable symbols, and the information in the collected data variable table comprises variable names, variable symbols, data types and numerical value ranges;
the variables in the monitoring variable sub-table are formed by determining subsystems and components needing to be monitored and controlled according to the working principle and the system structure of the cruise ship air conditioning system, further determining system parameters needing to be monitored, and defining the system parameters as monitoring variables;
the monitoring variables comprise monitoring variables and control variables, the monitoring variables are air conditioning system state parameters which can only be monitored in the human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface, the control variables are variables which can be monitored in the upper computer and modified on the upper computer, and the control variables correspond to output control variables in the lower computer PLC.
Preferably, the servers adopt redundant configuration, each server comprises a main server and at least one standby server, when the main server fails, the standby server with the highest priority is switched to the main server, and when the main server is recovered to be normal, the standby server is stopped to use, and the operation authority is returned to the main server;
the database software in the database server is SQL Server, so that the storage management of all historical data and real-time data of the air conditioning system is realized, and the functions of data addition, deletion, modification, check and the like are realized in a state monitoring interface of the man-machine interaction air conditioning system by establishing connection between the software and industrial configuration software in an upper computer;
and the energy-saving optimization server makes a decision according to the cabin information and the state parameters of the air conditioning system, and combines a decision instruction with a frequency conversion technology to enable the air conditioning system to operate under the optimal system parameters.
Preferably, the communication between the sensing detection device and the lower computer PLC is: signals collected by a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and an electric energy meter in the lower computer are connected to an input interface of a PLC I/O module after being processed by a data collection module, collected analog signals are connected to an analog signal input interface of the PLC, and digital signals are connected to a digital signal input interface of the PLC.
Preferably, the communication between the PLC and the server, the communication between the servers and the communication between the server and the upper computer are all in an Ethernet communication mode, a TCP/IP is adopted as a communication protocol, the Ethernet with better openness and anti-interference performance is selected as a field bus, and the TCP/IP is adopted as a protocol.
Preferably, the fault diagnosis is real-time online fault diagnosis of faults in the air conditioning system, if the faults of the air conditioning system are detected, fault information is sent to an alarm interface in a state monitoring interface of the man-machine interaction air conditioning system of the upper computer, and the fault information sent to the alarm interface comprises fault types, fault positions, reliability and hazard degree.
Preferably, the decision in the energy-saving optimization server includes but not an idle policy, an air-tightness policy and a system parameter optimization policy:
the idle policy is: whether the cabin has a person at the moment is judged according to the acquired cabin information, and the cabin temperature setting requirement is weakened under the unmanned state, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: after the house card is taken out for time exceeding t1, the tail end of the air conditioner is converted into an energy-saving mode; after the room card taking time exceeds t2 (t 2> t 1), the tail end of the air conditioner stops working;
the energy-saving mode is as follows: the set value of the temperature of the adjusting cabin is larger than or smaller than the actual set value of 2 ℃, is larger than the set value in the cooling mode and is smaller than the set value in the heating mode.
The air tightness strategy is as follows: when the air conditioning system is in a normal working mode, detecting that the door is in an open state, reminding passengers to close the door, and if corresponding measures are not taken, converting the working mode of the tail end of the air conditioner into an energy-saving mode after t3 time;
the system parameter optimization strategy is as follows: the energy consumption objective function is established, the optimal system parameters under different actual working loads are found by using an optimization algorithm, the execution mechanism of the air conditioning system is controlled by using a frequency conversion technology, so that the air conditioning system can run with the optimal system parameters under different working loads, and the dispatching distribution is carried out on a plurality of water chilling units and AHUs by combining an intelligent optimization dispatching method, so that the working load of the air conditioning system is equal to the actually required load.
Preferably, the human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface is of a tree-like hierarchical structure and comprises a home page, a system page, a deck overview, an equipment overview, a cabin air conditioning tail end monitoring interface, an air conditioning water chilling unit monitoring interface, an air processing unit monitoring interface, a cabin trend interface, a system alarm interface, a house card state list, a balcony door state list and a log report interface;
all monitoring interfaces consist of a title area, a data area and a function key area, wherein the title area and the function key area are positioned at the upper end and the lower end of a page, the data area is arranged between the title area and the function key area, and the title area comprises an interface name, user login, user information viewing, current system time and cabin air conditioner tail end monitoring interface query;
the method for inquiring the terminal monitoring interface of the cabin air conditioner in the title area comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of inputting a cabin serial number for retrieval, jumping to a cabin air conditioner terminal monitoring interface of a corresponding cabin after the cabin serial number is determined, wherein data of the cabin air conditioner terminal monitoring interface comprises monitoring data which can only be monitored and controllable data which can be monitored and parameter setting, the monitoring data comprises actual cabin temperature, cabin humidity, a balcony door state, a room card state, fan rotating speed and an air conditioner terminal system running state, and the controllable data comprises an energy-saving mode, a temperature setting mode, temperature setting, the opening of a heating coil valve and the opening of a cooling coil valve;
the functional area comprises a shortcut navigation menu and page printing, help and software exit buttons, and the shortcut menu comprises a home page, a system overview, an equipment overview, a water chilling unit and an air processing unit;
the operation state of the air conditioner terminal system comprises a fan coil system-working mode, a cabin set temperature, a temperature setting mode, a heating coil valve opening, heating coil energy consumption and a cooling coil valve opening alarm;
the state monitoring interface of the human-computer interaction air conditioning system has a data safety protection function, and specifically comprises the following steps: classifying the roles of the users, including an administrator, an operator and an engineer, endowing corresponding authorities to different roles, setting authorities to different functional areas and monitoring interfaces, and ensuring that a specific user can only check the area allowed by the role of the user and perform corresponding functional operation;
the human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface comprises a state monitoring function and a remote control function of the air conditioning system, wherein the state monitoring function comprises real-time display of state parameters of the air conditioning system, alarm information, data trends and report logs;
the system overview is a side view of the mail steamer, each layer of deck is vertically divided into a plurality of main fire prevention areas according to fire fighting requirements, equipment on the mail steamer is correspondingly divided into a plurality of independent areas, the number of one deck area of each layer of deck at least comprises the deck layer number and the fire prevention area number, after the deck number area is clicked, the interface jumps to a top-view interface of the deck area, namely, a deck overview interface, the deck overview interface comprises all cabins of the deck area, each cabin is surrounded by an obvious boundary, and the boundary comprises: the number of the room, the state of the room card of the cabin, the state of the balcony door of the cabin, the trend of the parameters of the air-conditioning tail end system and the working mode of the air-conditioning tail end;
the checking of the parameter trend of the air-conditioning terminal system of the cabin needs to click a trend icon in a corresponding cabin in the deck overview, and then jump to a trend interface of the room, wherein system state parameters contained in the parameter trend of the air-conditioning terminal system of the cabin comprise actual air supply flow, cabin set temperature and cabin actual temperature;
the equipment overview interface is that all cabins are arranged according to the positions of the cabins in the deck layout and the fire prevention area, all the cabins can be monitored, each cabin is represented by a unique room number, and the air conditioner terminal monitoring interface of the cabin can be skipped after clicking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the HVAC important system parameters can be acquired in real time, the data are stored and managed, and the system is monitored through an upper computer and various terminals, wherein the monitoring of the system parameters, the monitoring of cabin information, alarming, trend, report forms and the like are included;
2. secondly, the upper computer can send a control instruction to realize on-line remote control on the HVAC;
3. the method can utilize the collected HVAC system data to carry out fault diagnosis, can also utilize partial data to carry out energy-saving decision, and sends a decision instruction back to an HVAC field controller to enable the HVAC to operate efficiently in an energy-saving manner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a status monitoring and intelligent operation management system of a cruise ship air conditioning system based on SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition);
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a server configuration according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an Ethernet bus configuration according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the data flow organization of the server according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the data-driven fault diagnosis according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the system parameter optimization energy saving principle of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a monitoring interface of a data visualization human-computer interaction air conditioning system.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, a status monitoring and intelligent operation management system of a cruise ship air conditioning system based on SCADA comprises an upper computer, a server, a lower computer, a data communication network and a data acquisition variable table:
the upper computer is an air conditioning system state control client side and is provided with a human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface, and monitoring information of the upper computer comprises air conditioning system state parameters and cabin information;
the server comprises a database server, a fault diagnosis server, a man-machine interaction monitoring interface server and an energy-saving optimization server;
the lower computer is an air conditioning system, state parameters of the air conditioning system required by monitoring the state of the air conditioning system are collected into the PLC through a sensing detection device, the PLC receives control parameter data returned by the upper computer through the server, values of the corresponding state parameters of the air conditioning system in the PLC are updated, an execution mechanism in the air conditioning system is controlled, and real-time online control of the upper computer on the air conditioning system is achieved;
the data communication network comprises communication between the sensing detection device and the lower computer PLC, communication between the PLC and the server, communication between the server and the upper computer;
the acquired data variable table comprises a monitoring variable table and an intelligent operation management variable table, variables in the acquired data variable table are derived from state parameters and cabin information of the air conditioning system, the monitoring variable table is used for a human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface of the upper computer to achieve state monitoring and remote control of the air conditioning system, and variables in the intelligent operation management variable table are used for fault diagnosis and energy-saving optimization decision.
The cabin information comprises a cabin set temperature, an air supply temperature, a heating coil valve opening, a cabin actual temperature, a cabin room clamping state and a cabin balcony door state;
the system comprises a database server, a man-machine interaction monitoring interface server, an energy-saving optimization server and a report interface server, wherein the database server is used for storing, managing and synchronizing data in the PLC, the fault diagnosis server is used for establishing a fault diagnosis model, diagnosing faults and storing and transmitting fault diagnosis result data, the man-machine interaction monitoring interface server is used for monitoring state parameter data of an air conditioning system in a monitoring interface, monitoring trends, alarming and inquiring, calling and returning and storing data in the report interface, and the energy-saving optimization server is used for intelligent operation and energy saving and consumption reduction;
the lower computer directly calls the sensing detection parameters of the air conditioning system in the PLC storage unit, and the state parameters of the air conditioning system obtained by calculating the acquired input data are obtained by logical operation.
In addition, the collected data variable table realizes the standardized calling of each part in the air conditioning system to the monitoring variable through the variable symbol, and the information in the collected data variable table comprises the variable name, the variable symbol, the data type and the numerical range;
the variables in the monitoring variable sub-table are formed by determining subsystems and components needing to be monitored and controlled according to the working principle and the system structure of the cruise ship air conditioning system, further determining system parameters needing to be monitored, and defining the system parameters as monitoring variables;
the monitoring variables comprise monitoring variables and control variables, the monitoring variables are air conditioning system state parameters which can only be monitored in a human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface, the control variables are variables which can be monitored in an upper computer and modified on the upper computer, the control variables correspond to output control variables in a lower computer PLC, and tables 1 and 2 are respectively monitoring variables of a part of air conditioning tail end fan coil pipes and monitoring variables of a part of air conditioning water chilling unit:
TABLE 1 monitoring variables for partial air conditioner end fan coil of the present invention
Table 2 monitoring variables of partial air conditioner chiller of the present invention
| Serial number | Variable names | Monitoring variables | Controlled variable |
| 1 | Evaporation temperature | Is that | Whether or not |
| 2 | Pressure of evaporation | Is that | Whether or not |
| 3 | Condensation temperature | Is that | Whether or not |
| 4 | Condensing pressure | Is that | Whether or not |
| 5 | Compressor power | Is that | Whether or not |
| 6 | Cop | Is that | Whether or not |
| 7 | Outlet water temperature of frozen water | Is that | Whether or not |
| 8 | Return temperature of chilled water | Is that | Whether or not |
| 9 | Outlet temperature of cooling water | Is that | Whether or not |
| 10 | Return water temperature of cooling water | Is that | Whether or not |
| 11 | Cooling water pump power | Is that | Is that |
| 12 | Work of freezing water pumpRate of formation | Is that | Is that |
| 13 | Cooling tower fan | Is that | Is that |
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the servers adopt a redundant configuration, each server includes a main server and at least one backup server, when the main server fails, the backup server with the highest priority is switched to the main server, and when the main server returns to normal, the backup server is stopped to use, and the operation right is returned to the main server;
the database software in the database server is SQL Server, so that the storage management of all historical data and real-time data of the air conditioning system is realized, and the functions of data addition, deletion, modification, check and the like are realized in a state monitoring interface of the man-machine interaction air conditioning system by establishing connection between the software and industrial configuration software in an upper computer;
and the energy-saving optimization server makes a decision according to the cabin information and the state parameters of the air conditioning system, and combines a decision instruction with a frequency conversion technology to enable the air conditioning system to operate under the optimal system parameters.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the data stream organization structure of the server part of the air conditioning system state monitoring and intelligent operation management system specifically includes: the data flow directions between the upper computer and the database server, between the database server and the upper computer and between the database server and other servers are both bidirectional, and the values of the acquired data variables in the database server are always kept synchronous with the lower computer and the upper computer, so that the upper computer monitors the state of the air conditioning system in real time and sets the control variables in the lower computer, and the air conditioning system is controlled. Except the database server, other servers only have direct data exchange between the fault diagnosis server and the alarm server, and the rest of the servers all carry out indirect data exchange through the database server.
In this embodiment, the communication between the sensing device and the lower computer PLC is: signals collected by a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and an electric energy meter in the lower computer are subjected to signal processing through a data collection module and then are connected to an input interface of a PLC I/O module, collected analog signals are connected with an analog signal input interface of the PLC, and digital signals are connected with a digital signal input interface of the PLC. As shown in fig. 3, the communication between the PLC and the server, the communication between the server, and the communication between the server and the upper computer all use ethernet communication, the communication protocol uses TCP/IP, the fieldbus uses ethernet with good openness and interference immunity, the protocol uses TCP/IP, and the ethernet also has the advantages of high bandwidth and good real-time performance, and the response time can be less than 3ms, which is particularly important for real-time monitoring of data and real-time control of the upper computer.
As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the fault diagnosis is real-time online fault diagnosis for faults in the air conditioning system as shown in table 3, and if a fault of the air conditioning system is detected, fault information is sent to an alarm interface in a state monitoring interface of a human-computer interaction air conditioning system of an upper computer, and an administrator is notified by a short message to check and process the fault in time, where table 4 is some common typical alarms, and the fault information sent to the alarm interface includes fault types, fault positions, reliability and hazard levels.
Table 3 important common faults of the air conditioning system of the present invention
Table 4 common alarms for partial air conditioner terminal fan coil of the present invention
In this embodiment, the decision in the energy-saving optimization server includes but not the idle policy, the air-tightness policy, and the system parameter optimization policy:
the idle policy is: judge whether the cabin has someone this moment according to the cabin information of acquireing, under unmanned state, the temperature of weakening the cabin sets for the requirement, specifically is: after the house card is taken out for time exceeding t1, the tail end of the air conditioner is converted into an energy-saving mode; after the room card taking time exceeds t2 (t 2> t 1), the air conditioner terminal stops working, wherein in the embodiment, t1=5 minutes, and t2=15 minutes;
the energy-saving mode is as follows: the set value of the temperature of the adjusting cabin is larger than or smaller than the actual set value of 2 ℃, is larger than the set value in the cooling mode and is smaller than the set value in the heating mode.
The air tightness strategy is as follows: when the air conditioning system is in a normal working mode, detecting that the door is in an open state, reminding passengers to close the door, and if corresponding measures are not taken, converting the working mode of the tail end of the air conditioner into an energy-saving mode after t3 time;
system parameter optimization strategy: as shown in fig. 6, an energy consumption objective function is established, optimal system parameters under different actual workloads are found by using optimization algorithms such as a genetic algorithm and a particle swarm algorithm, an executing mechanism of an air conditioning system such as an air valve, a fan and a water pump is controlled by using a frequency conversion technology, so that the air conditioning system can run with the optimal system parameters under different workloads, a plurality of water chilling units and AHUs are dispatched and distributed by combining an intelligent optimization dispatching method, the workload of the air conditioning system is equal to the actually required load, and an optimization model is as follows:
wherein P is system energy consumption, and the unit is kw; x is a radical of a fluorine atom 1 ,x 2 ,...x k System parameters to be optimized in the air conditioning system; q need Different actual load requirements correspond to different optimal system parameters to be optimized for the time load requirements of the air conditioning system; the system parameter constraint conditions behind the function ensure that the optimal parameter solution is a feasible solution, including equality constraint conditions and inequality constraint conditions.
In this embodiment, according to the architectural structure diagram of the cruise ship and the division of fire zones of different decks, a human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface of the air conditioning system is designed based on configuration software, and the selection of the configuration software needs to be matched with the type of a lower computer PLC used by the air conditioning system as much as possible, preferably vijeocectet of schneider and wincc of siemens' blogger diagram. The human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface is of a tree-like hierarchical structure and comprises a home page, a system page, a deck overview, an equipment overview, a cabin air conditioning tail end monitoring interface, an air conditioning water chilling unit monitoring interface, an air processing unit monitoring interface, a cabin trend interface, a system alarm interface, a house card state list, a balcony door state list and a log report interface, as shown in fig. 7;
all monitoring interfaces consist of a title area, a data area and a function key area, wherein the title area and the function key area are positioned at the upper end and the lower end of a page, the data area is arranged between the title area and the function key area, and the title area comprises an interface name, user login, user information viewing, current system time and cabin air conditioner tail end monitoring interface query;
the method for inquiring the terminal monitoring interface of the cabin air conditioner in the title area comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of inputting a cabin serial number for retrieval, jumping to a cabin air conditioner terminal monitoring interface of a corresponding cabin after the cabin serial number is determined, wherein data of the cabin air conditioner terminal monitoring interface comprises monitoring data which can only be monitored and controllable data which can be monitored and parameter setting, the monitoring data comprises actual cabin temperature, cabin humidity, a balcony door state, a room card state, fan rotating speed and an air conditioner terminal system running state, and the controllable data comprises an energy-saving mode, a temperature setting mode, temperature setting, the opening of a heating coil valve and the opening of a cooling coil valve;
the functional area comprises a shortcut navigation menu and page printing, help and software exit buttons, and the shortcut menu comprises a home page, a system overview, an equipment overview, a water chilling unit and an air processing unit;
the operation state of the air conditioner terminal system comprises a fan coil system-working mode, a cabin set temperature, a temperature setting mode, a heating coil valve opening, heating coil energy consumption and cooling coil valve opening alarm;
the human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface has a data safety protection function, and specifically comprises the following steps: classifying the roles of the users, including an administrator, an operator and an engineer, endowing corresponding authorities to different roles, setting authorities to different functional areas and monitoring interfaces, and ensuring that a specific user can only check the area allowed by the role of the user and perform corresponding functional operation;
the human-computer interaction air-conditioning system state monitoring interface comprises a state monitoring function and a remote control function of the air-conditioning system, wherein the state monitoring function comprises real-time display of state parameters of the air-conditioning system, alarm information, data trend and report logs;
the system overview is a side view of the mail steamer, each layer of deck is vertically divided into a plurality of main fire-proof areas according to fire-fighting requirements, equipment on the mail steamer is correspondingly divided into a plurality of independent areas, the number of one deck area of each layer of deck at least comprises the number of deck layers and the number of the fire-proof areas, after the deck number area is clicked, the interface jumps to a top-view interface of the deck area, namely, a deck overview interface, the deck overview interface comprises all cabins of the deck area, each cabin is surrounded by an obvious boundary, and the deck overview interface comprises: the number of the room, the state of the room card of the cabin, the state of the balcony door of the cabin, the trend of the parameters of the air-conditioning tail end system and the working mode of the air-conditioning tail end;
the checking of the parameter trend of the air-conditioning terminal system of the cabin needs to click a trend icon in a corresponding cabin in the deck overview, and then jump to a trend interface of the room, wherein system state parameters contained in the parameter trend of the air-conditioning terminal system of the cabin comprise actual air supply flow, cabin set temperature and cabin actual temperature;
the equipment overview interface is that all cabins are arranged according to the positions of the cabins in the deck layout and the fire prevention area, all the cabins can be monitored, each cabin is represented by a unique room number, and the air conditioner terminal monitoring interface of the cabin can be skipped after clicking.
In this embodiment, after the system is built, a field experiment needs to be performed, and the following points are mainly included: a) Checking the network connectivity and the system response time of the system, controlling the transmission delay of data within 1s so as to facilitate the system to find faults and give an alarm in time, adjusting the operating parameters of the air-conditioning system according to the actual load requirement of the air-conditioning system, and monitoring the air-conditioning system by an upper computer in real time; b) Debugging programs in the PLC, the server and the upper computer, repairing program bugs and perfecting a program function algorithm; c) And (4) checking whether hardware facilities such as a sensing detection device, a PLC, a server, an upper computer, a communication connection medium and the like have defects.
The status monitoring and intelligent operation management system of the mail steamer air conditioning system based on SCADA can acquire important system parameters of HVAC in real time, store and manage the data, and monitor the system through an upper computer and various terminals, wherein the system parameters comprise system parameter monitoring, cabin information monitoring, alarming, trend, report forms and the like; secondly, the upper computer can send a control instruction to realize on-line remote control on the HVAC; the method can utilize the collected HVAC system data to carry out fault diagnosis, can also utilize partial data to carry out energy-saving decision, and sends a decision instruction back to an HVAC field controller to enable the HVAC to operate efficiently and energy-saving.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a mail steamer air conditioning system condition monitoring and intelligent operation management system based on SCADA which characterized in that: including host computer, server, lower computer, data communication network and collection data variable table:
the upper computer is an air conditioning system state control client side and is provided with a human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface, and monitoring information of the upper computer comprises air conditioning system state parameters and cabin information;
the server comprises a database server, a fault diagnosis server, a man-machine interaction monitoring interface server and an energy-saving optimization server;
the lower computer is an air conditioning system, and state parameters of the air conditioning system required by monitoring the state of the air conditioning system are collected into the PLC through a sensing detection device, the PLC receives control parameter data returned by the upper computer through the server, updates the values of the corresponding state parameters of the air conditioning system in the PLC, controls an actuating mechanism in the air conditioning system, and realizes real-time online control of the upper computer on the air conditioning system;
the data communication network comprises communication between the sensing detection device and the lower computer PLC, communication between the PLC and the server, communication between the servers and the upper computer;
the variable quantity table for the collected data comprises a monitoring variable sub-table and an intelligent operation management variable sub-table, variables in the variable quantity table for the collected data are derived from state parameters and cabin information of the air conditioning system, the monitoring variable sub-table is used for a man-machine interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface of the upper computer to achieve state monitoring and remote control of the air conditioning system, and variables in the intelligent operation management variable sub-table are used for fault diagnosis and energy-saving optimization decision.
2. A SCADA-based cruise control air conditioning system status monitoring and intelligent operations management system according to claim 1, wherein: the cabin information comprises a cabin set temperature, an air supply temperature, a heating coil valve opening degree, a cabin actual temperature, a cabin room clamping state and a cabin balcony door state;
the system comprises a database server, a man-machine interaction monitoring interface server, an energy-saving optimization server and a report interface server, wherein the database server is used for storing, managing and synchronizing data in a PLC (programmable logic controller), the fault diagnosis server is used for establishing a fault diagnosis model, diagnosing faults and storing and transmitting fault diagnosis result data, the man-machine interaction monitoring interface server is used for monitoring state parameter data of an air conditioning system in a monitoring interface, monitoring trends and alarming, inquiring, calling and returning the data in the report interface and storing the data, and the energy-saving optimization server is used for intelligent operation, energy conservation and consumption reduction;
the lower computer directly calls the sensing detection parameters of the air conditioning system in the PLC storage unit, and the state parameters of the air conditioning system obtained by calculating the acquired input data are obtained by logical operation.
3. A SCADA based cruise control and intelligent operation management system according to claim 1, wherein: the collected data variable table realizes the standardized calling of each part in the air conditioning system to the monitoring variable through the variable symbol, and the information in the collected data variable table comprises the variable name, the variable symbol, the data type and the numerical range;
the variables in the monitoring variable sub-table are formed by determining subsystems and components needing to be monitored and controlled according to the working principle and the system structure of the cruise ship air conditioning system, further determining system parameters needing to be monitored, and defining the system parameters as monitoring variables;
the monitoring variables comprise monitoring variables and control variables, the monitoring variables are air conditioning system state parameters which can only be monitored in the human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface, the control variables are variables which can be monitored in the upper computer and modified on the upper computer, and the control variables correspond to output control variables in the lower computer PLC.
4. A SCADA-based cruise control air conditioning system status monitoring and intelligent operations management system according to claim 1, wherein: the servers adopt redundant configuration, each server comprises a main server and at least one standby server, when the main server fails, the standby server with the highest priority is converted into the main server, and when the main server recovers to be normal, the standby server is stopped to use, and the operation authority is returned to the main server;
the database software in the database server is SQL Server, so that the storage management of all historical data and real-time data of the air conditioning system is realized, and the functions of data addition, deletion, modification, check and the like are realized in a state monitoring interface of the man-machine interaction air conditioning system by establishing connection between the software and industrial configuration software in an upper computer;
and the energy-saving optimization server makes a decision according to the cabin information and the state parameters of the air conditioning system, and combines a decision instruction with a frequency conversion technology to enable the air conditioning system to operate under the optimal system parameters.
5. A SCADA based cruise control and intelligent operation management system according to claim 1, wherein: the communication between the sensing detection device and the lower computer PLC is as follows: signals collected by a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and an electric energy meter in the lower computer are subjected to signal processing through a data collection module and then are connected to an input interface of a PLC I/O module, collected analog signals are connected with an analog signal input interface of the PLC, and digital signals are connected with a digital signal input interface of the PLC.
6. A SCADA based cruise control and intelligent operation management system according to claim 1, wherein: the communication between the PLC and the server, the communication between the servers and the communication between the server and the upper computer are all in an Ethernet communication mode, the communication protocol adopts TCP/IP, the field bus adopts Ethernet with good openness and anti-interference performance, and the protocol adopts TCP/IP.
7. A SCADA-based cruise control air conditioning system status monitoring and intelligent operations management system according to claim 2, wherein: the fault diagnosis is to perform real-time online fault diagnosis on faults in the air conditioning system, and if the faults of the air conditioning system are detected, the fault information is sent to an alarm interface in a state monitoring interface of a human-computer interaction air conditioning system of an upper computer, and the fault information sent to the alarm interface comprises fault types, fault positions, reliability and hazard degrees.
8. A SCADA based cruise control and intelligent operation management system according to claim 2, wherein: the decision in the energy-saving optimization server comprises a non-idle strategy, an air tightness strategy and a system parameter optimization strategy:
the idle policy is: judge whether the cabin has someone this moment according to the cabin information of acquireing, under unmanned state, the temperature of weakening the cabin sets for the requirement, specifically is: after the house card is taken out for time exceeding t1, the tail end of the air conditioner is converted into an energy-saving mode; when the room card taking time exceeds t2 (t 2> t 1), the tail end of the air conditioner stops working;
the energy-saving mode is as follows: the set value of the temperature of the adjusting cabin is larger than or smaller than the actual set value of 2 ℃, is larger than the set value in the cooling mode and is smaller than the set value in the heating mode.
The air tightness strategy is as follows: when the air conditioning system is in a normal working mode, detecting that the door is in an open state, reminding passengers to close the door, and if corresponding measures are not taken, converting the working mode of the tail end of the air conditioner into an energy-saving mode after t3 time;
the system parameter optimization strategy is as follows: the method comprises the steps of establishing an energy consumption objective function, finding optimal system parameters under different actual working loads by using an optimization algorithm, controlling an execution mechanism of the air conditioning system by using a frequency conversion technology, enabling the air conditioning system to run with the optimal system parameters under different working loads, and scheduling and distributing a plurality of water chilling units and AHUs by combining an intelligent optimization scheduling method to enable the working load of the air conditioning system to be equal to the actually required load.
9. A SCADA-based cruise control air conditioning system status monitoring and intelligent operations management system according to claim 1, wherein: the man-machine interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface is of a tree-shaped hierarchical structure and comprises a home page, a system page, a deck overview, an equipment overview, a cabin air conditioning tail end monitoring interface, an air conditioning water chilling unit monitoring interface, an air processing unit monitoring interface, a cabin trend interface, a system alarm interface, a house card state list, a balcony door state list and a log report interface;
all monitoring interfaces consist of a title area, a data area and a function key area, wherein the title area and the function key area are positioned at the upper end and the lower end of a page, the data area is arranged between the title area and the function key area, and the title area comprises an interface name, user login, user information viewing, current system time and cabin air conditioner tail end monitoring interface query;
the method for inquiring the terminal monitoring interface of the cabin air conditioner in the title area comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of inputting a cabin serial number for retrieval, jumping to a cabin air conditioner terminal monitoring interface of a corresponding cabin after the cabin serial number is determined, wherein data of the cabin air conditioner terminal monitoring interface comprises monitoring data which can only be monitored and controllable data which can be monitored and parameter setting, the monitoring data comprises actual cabin temperature, cabin humidity, a balcony door state, a room card state, fan rotating speed and an air conditioner terminal system running state, and the controllable data comprises an energy-saving mode, a temperature setting mode, temperature setting, the opening of a heating coil valve and the opening of a cooling coil valve;
the functional area comprises a shortcut navigation menu and page printing, help and software exit buttons, and the shortcut menu comprises a home page, a system overview, an equipment overview, a water chilling unit and an air processing unit;
the operation state of the air conditioner terminal system comprises a fan coil system-working mode, a cabin set temperature, a temperature setting mode, a heating coil valve opening, heating coil energy consumption and cooling coil valve opening alarm;
the human-computer interaction air conditioning system state monitoring interface has a data safety protection function, and specifically comprises the following steps: classifying the roles used by the users, wherein the roles used by the users comprise an administrator, an operator and an engineer, endowing corresponding authorities to different roles, and setting authorities in different functional areas and monitoring interfaces to ensure that a specific user can only check the areas allowed by the roles of the specific user and perform corresponding functional operations;
the human-computer interaction air-conditioning system state monitoring interface comprises a state monitoring function and a remote control function of the air-conditioning system, wherein the state monitoring function comprises real-time display of state parameters of the air-conditioning system, alarm information, data trend and report logs;
the system overview is a side view of the mail steamer, each layer of deck is vertically divided into a plurality of main fire-proof areas according to fire-fighting requirements, equipment on the mail steamer is correspondingly divided into a plurality of independent areas, the number of one deck area of each layer of deck at least comprises the number of deck layers and the number of the fire-proof areas, after the deck number area is clicked, the interface jumps to a top-view interface of the deck area, namely, a deck overview interface, the deck overview interface comprises all cabins of the deck area, each cabin is surrounded by an obvious boundary, and the deck overview interface comprises: the number of the room, the state of the room card of the cabin, the state of the balcony door of the cabin, the trend of the parameters of the air-conditioning tail end system and the working mode of the air-conditioning tail end;
the checking of the parameter trend of the air-conditioning terminal system of the cabin needs to click a trend icon in a corresponding cabin in the deck overview, and then jump to a trend interface of the room, wherein system state parameters contained in the parameter trend of the air-conditioning terminal system of the cabin comprise actual air supply flow, cabin set temperature and cabin actual temperature;
the equipment overview interface is that all cabins are arranged according to the positions of the cabins in the deck layout and the fire prevention area, all the controllable cabins are contained, each cabin is represented by a unique room number, and the air conditioner terminal monitoring interface of the cabin can be skipped to after clicking.
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