CN115199731A

CN115199731A - Assembly method of reduction gearbox

Info

Publication number: CN115199731A
Application number: CN202210724586.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘洋; 姬静杰; 楼飞虎; 马伟; 李华冰; 熊保国; 李兴亚; 王文泽; 楼渊; 何俞霖
Original assignee: Hangzhou Linjiang Advance Gearbox Co ltd; Hangzhou Advance Gearbox Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Linjiang Advance Gearbox Co ltd; Hangzhou Advance Gearbox Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-24
Filing date: 2022-06-24
Publication date: 2022-10-18

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly method of a reduction gearbox, wherein at least two jacking tools capable of jacking a gear ring and a fixed sleeve in a planetary gear train are arranged on a planet carrier of the planetary gear train after the planetary gear train component is independently installed, and a telescopic end capable of changing the length in each jacking tool is abutted against the bottom of the gear ring, so that the height of the gear ring and the relative inclination angle between a planet wheel and the gear ring can be adjusted through the at least two jacking tools, and then the planetary gear train component provided with the jacking tools is hoisted to a thrust head component which is assembled, so that the assembly efficiency of the reduction gearbox is further improved in a split assembly mode.

Description

Assembly method of reduction gearbox

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of nuclear power, in particular to an assembly method of a reduction gearbox.

Background

In the reduction gearbox, how to ensure the coaxiality of all components in the installation process of the reduction gearbox always influences the assembly efficiency and the service life of the reduction gearbox.

Patent document with publication number CN20113Y discloses a vertical herringbone-tooth planetary reducer, which comprises an input coupler, a planetary gear train, a box body, a radial tile, a thrust tile assembly and an output expansion sleeve mechanism, wherein: the teeth on the sun gear, the planet carrier wheel and the inner gear ring in the planetary gear train are herringbone teeth; an input coupler is arranged at the upper end of a vertical sun wheel shaft in the planetary gear train; an inner gear ring in the planetary gear train is fixed by a floating gear ring; the planet carrier in the planetary gear train is connected with a support frame, and the support frame is positioned in a box cover of the box body through a radial bearing; the planet carrier in the planetary gear train is connected with an output shaft through a bolt and a pin, and the output shaft and the sun gear shaft are positioned on the same axis; an output expansion sleeve mechanism in the output shaft is supported on a speed reducer bottom plate by a thrust bush component and a radial bush.

Because the planet wheel and the inner gear ring in the planetary gear train in the prior art can move up and down, the speed reducer is usually installed by sleeving the lower gear ring on the output shaft, fixing the planet carrier on the top of the output shaft and then hoisting the lower gear ring; the installation process is complicated, and the positioning precision among all components in the reduction gearbox is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The problems that in the prior art, a reduction gearbox is complex in assembly process and low in assembly efficiency are solved; the invention aims to provide an assembly method of a reduction gearbox, wherein at least two jacking tools capable of jacking a gear ring and a fixed sleeve in a planetary gear train are arranged on a planet carrier of the planetary gear train assembly after the planetary gear train assembly is independently installed, and then the planetary gear train assembly provided with the jacking tools is hoisted to an assembled thrust head assembly, so that two important parts of the reduction gearbox can be independently installed, and the assembly precision and the assembly efficiency of the reduction gearbox are effectively improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the assembly method of a reduction box, the reduction box includes the planetary gear set, ring gear assembly, thrust head assembly, input assembly, container body and loam cake, characterized by that: the planet wheel subassembly is installed on the thrust head subassembly, ring gear subassembly cover is established outside a plurality of planet wheels of planet wheelset, the planet wheelset passes through the ring gear subassembly and links to each other with the box, a plurality of planet wheels of planet wheelset and ring gear subassembly spline fit and axial fixity, the external tooth of planet wheel is the herringbone tooth, the ring gear subassembly includes the ring gear, lower ring gear and fixed cover, it all has the internal tooth to go up ring gear and lower ring gear, the internal tooth of going up the ring gear can splice into the herringbone tooth of completion with the internal tooth of lower ring gear, this reducing gear box specifically assembles the step as follows:

step 1) independently assembling a thrust head assembly, wherein an output shaft of the thrust head assembly is sequentially sleeved with a base, a bearing plate, a bearing seat, a thrust head and a thrust head spline sleeve from bottom to top, the bottom of the thrust head is inserted into the bearing seat, the base, the bearing plate and the bearing seat are fixedly connected, the thrust head spline sleeve and the output shaft are fixedly connected, the coaxiality error of the output shaft, the base, the bearing plate and the bearing seat is no more than 0.05mm, and the radial run-out error of the output shaft, the thrust head and the thrust head spline sleeve is no more than 0.02; after the sun gear is arranged on the planet carrier, a plurality of planet gears are arranged on the planet carrier one by one around the sun gear; after the planet gears are installed, a lower gear ring, an upper gear ring and a fixed sleeve are sequentially installed, so that the internal teeth of the lower gear ring are meshed with the lower half parts of the planet gears in a tooth form, the internal teeth of the upper gear ring are meshed with the upper half parts of the planet gears in a tooth form, the fixed sleeve is sleeved outside the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring, and the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring are in spline fit with the fixed sleeve and are axially fixed; the two jacking tools are arranged on the planet carrier and support the lower gear ring, the two jacking tools are arranged oppositely, a mounting seat of each jacking tool is fixed on the planet carrier, and a screw rod in threaded connection on the mounting seat is abutted against the bottom of the lower gear ring; the relative positions of the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring and the heights of the upper gear ring, the lower gear ring, the fixed sleeve, the sun wheel and the plurality of planet wheels can be adjusted by rotating the screws of the two jacking tools;

step 2) hoisting the planet carrier provided with the jacking tool, the fixed sleeve, the upper gear ring, the lower gear ring and the plurality of planet gears to the position above the thrust head assembly, and fixedly connecting the planet carrier with a spline sleeve of the thrust head assembly;

and 3) sequentially installing the box body, the fixing ring of the gear ring component and the upper cover, enabling the box body to be sleeved on the planetary gear train component and the thrust head component, fixing the box body and a base of the thrust head component, hoisting the fixing ring and fixing the fixing ring at the top of the box body, engaging the inner teeth of the fixing ring and the outer teeth of the fixing ring and axially fixing the fixing ring through a clamp spring, dismantling the two jacking tools, and fixing the upper cover at the top of the fixing ring.

Therefore, the gear ring is jacked up through the jacking tool, the planetary gear train assembly and the thrust head can be gradually and independently assembled, and the overall assembly efficiency and the assembly precision of the reduction gearbox can be improved; the distance between the components is checked at multiple points through the checking tool, the coaxiality between the components can be effectively guaranteed, and the risk of reworking and damage of the reduction gearbox is reduced.

Preferably, the planetary gear set comprises a plurality of planetary gear shafts, a plurality of planetary gears are respectively mounted on the planetary carrier through the plurality of planetary gear shafts, and the planetary carrier is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes for mounting the planetary gear shafts; in the step 1), in the installation process of the planet wheel, the planet wheel is firstly moved to the planet carrier, after the centering tool is inserted into the second installation hole and the shaft hole of the planet wheel, the centering tool is installed and fixed on the planet carrier to enable the fixing tool and the sun wheel to clamp and position the planet wheel, then the centering tool inserted into the shaft hole of the planet wheel shaft inserted into the second installation hole and the shaft hole of the planet wheel is taken out, and after the planet wheel shaft is inserted into the second installation hole and the shaft hole of the planet wheel, the centering tool is removed after the planet wheel shaft and the planet carrier are fixed.

As preferred, the centering frock is including being annular first to middle part and the second to middle part, and after the second mounting hole of centering frock and the shaft hole of planet wheel, first to middle part is located the shaft hole and the tight fit, and the second is to middle part being located the second mounting hole and the tight fit, and the material of centering frock is nylon.

Preferably, the planetary wheel shaft is coated with a babbitt metal coating, and the planetary wheel shaft is inserted into the second mounting hole and the shaft hole of the planetary wheel after precooling.

Preferably, the fixed tool comprises a connecting part which can be fixed with the planet carrier, and a blocking part used for abutting against the planet wheel protrudes from the top of the connecting part.

Preferably, the outer teeth of the upper ring gear and the outer teeth of the lower ring gear are machined simultaneously by mounting the upper ring gear and the lower ring gear together on a gear pair tool; first positioning marks are engraved on the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring respectively, the two first positioning marks are engraved on the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring respectively when the external teeth of the upper gear ring and the external teeth of the lower gear ring are processed, and the first positioning marks are engraved on the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring respectively after the external teeth of the upper gear ring and the external teeth of the lower gear ring are processed; in the step 1), when the upper gear ring is installed, the upper gear ring is rotated through the position of the first positioning mark on the lower gear ring before the upper gear ring is meshed with the plurality of planet gears, and after the upper gear ring is meshed with the plurality of planet gears, the screw of the jacking tool is rotated to enable the two first positioning marks respectively positioned on the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring to correspond to each other, so that the fine adjustment of the relative position of the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring is realized, and the circular runout error between the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring is enabled to be not more than 0.03.

Preferably, in the step 1), in the assembling process of the thrust head assembly, after the output shaft is vertically hoisted to the workbench, the base, the bearing plate, the thrust head and the spline sleeve of the thrust head are sequentially sleeved on the output shaft, then a plurality of thrust shoe assemblies are installed between the thrust head and the bearing plate, then the bearing seat is sleeved outside the thrust head and fixed on the base, and then a plurality of guide shoe assemblies are installed on the inner side of the bearing seat one by one; the top of the output shaft is inserted into a thrust head spline sleeve, the output shaft is in spline fit with the thrust head spline sleeve, and the thrust head spline sleeve are fixed on the output shaft; in the assembling process of the thrust head assembly, the output shaft of the checking tool is used as a reference, the distance between the output shaft and the base, the bearing plate and the bearing seat is measured, and the base, the bearing plate and the bearing seat are moved according to the result of the checking tool, so that the output shaft, the base, the bearing plate and the bearing seat are coaxial.

Preferably, the output shaft, the thrust head and the push head spline housing are respectively engraved with second positioning marks corresponding to each other, and the second positioning marks are engraved on the output shaft, the thrust head and the push head spline housing respectively after the output shaft, the thrust head and the push head spline housing are assembled and finely ground before the thrust head assembly is assembled; in the step 1), in the assembling process of the thrust head assembly, the positions of the thrust head and the push head spline housing are adjusted through the second positioning marks on the output shaft, so that the relative positions of the second positioning marks on the output shaft, the thrust head and the push head spline housing respectively after the assembling is finished are consistent with the relative positions of the three second positioning marks on the output shaft, the thrust head and the push head spline housing respectively after the fine grinding is finished.

Preferably, the inner side and the outer side of the top of the bearing seat are respectively provided with a visible light section, and the visible light sections are formed by processing the base and the bearing seat together; in the step 1), when the bearing seat is positioned, the distance between the visible light section and the outer surface of the thrust head is measured through the checking tool, and the position of the bearing seat is adjusted according to the result of the checking tool, so that the bearing seat and the thrust head are coaxial.

Preferably, check school frock includes the depth gauge, and the depth gauge includes butt portion and the measuring part that has the scale mark, and measuring part slidable mounting is on butt portion, and butt portion is including the measuring face that is used for the butt work piece, and the measuring face is including being the arc section that is used for the outer disc of butt work piece. Like this, can offset with the excircle face of component through the arc-shaped section of measuring the face, improve the detection precision of depth gauge.

The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) The gear ring is jacked up through the jacking tool, so that the planetary gear train assembly and the thrust head can be assembled gradually and independently, and the overall assembly efficiency and assembly precision of the reduction gearbox can be improved; meanwhile, the jacking tool is provided with a telescopic end capable of changing the length, so that the abutting position and the relative angle between the gear ring and the planet gear can be effectively adjusted, and the matching among all components of the speed reducer is smoother; 2) The installation efficiency of the planet wheel shaft can be greatly improved through the centering tool and the fixing tool, and the repeated installation and repeated positioning and collision among the planet wheel shaft, the planet carrier and the planet wheel during installation are avoided; 4) The positioning marks among the thrust head, the output shaft and the spline sleeve of the thrust head can effectively improve the positioning efficiency and the positioning accuracy among all components, so that the transmission of the reduction gearbox is more stable; 5) The distance between the components is checked at multiple points through the checking tool, the coaxiality between the components can be effectively guaranteed, and the risk of reworking and damage of the reduction gearbox is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a reduction gearbox;

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which the planetary gear is fixed by using a centering tool and a fixing tool;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a centering tool;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fixture;

FIG. 5 is a view showing a state where the lower ring gear and the upper ring gear are jacked up using the jacking tool;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a jacking tool;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a calibration tool;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the base, carrier plate and bearing seat;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the planet wheel shaft.

Reference numerals: 1. an output shaft; 2. a base; 3. a bearing seat; 4. a thrust shoe assembly; 5. a guide shoe assembly; 6. a thrust collar; 7. a thrust collar spline housing; 8. a planet carrier; 9. a lower gear ring; 10. an upper gear ring; 11. fixing a sleeve; 12. a fixing ring; 13. an upper cover; 17. a mechanical pump assembly; 18. a disk receiving device; 19. a central oil pipe; 20. a sun gear; 201. a middle through hole; 21. a planetary wheel shaft; 211. a first positioning groove; 212. a notch; 22. a planet wheel; 221. a shaft hole; 23. an oil spray pipe; 24. a box body; 25. jacking up the tool; 251. a mounting base; 252. a screw; 26. checking the tool; 261 a depth gauge; 2611. an abutting portion; 26111. measuring the surface; 2612. a measuring section; 27. centering tooling; 271. a first pair of middle portions; 272. a second pair of middle portions; 273. (ii) a Lifting holes 28 and fixing tools; 281. a connecting portion; 282. a gear part; 31. a visible light section; 33. a carrier plate; 34. a high-level oil jacket; 81. a cavity; 811. a first mounting hole; 812. a second mounting hole; 813. a third mounting hole; 814. a second positioning hole; 82. and (4) opening.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Examples

The assembly method of the reduction gearbox is used for the assembly of the reduction gearbox, as shown in figures 1-9, the reduction gearbox comprises a planetary wheel set, a gear ring component, a thrust head component, an input component, a box body and an upper cover, and is characterized in that: the planet wheel subassembly is installed on the thrust head subassembly, ring gear subassembly cover is established outside a plurality of planet wheels of planet wheel group, the planet wheel group passes through the ring gear subassembly and links to each other with the box, a plurality of planet wheels 22 and ring gear subassembly spline fit and axial fixity of planet wheel group, the external tooth of planet wheel 22 is the herringbone tooth, the ring gear subassembly includes ring gear 10, lower ring gear 9 and fixed cover 11, it all has the internal tooth to go up ring gear 10 and lower ring gear 9, the internal tooth of going up ring gear 10 and the internal tooth of lower ring gear 9 can splice into the herringbone tooth of accomplishing, this reducing gear box specifically assembles the step as follows:

step 1), independently assembling a thrust head assembly, wherein an output shaft 1 of the thrust head assembly is sequentially sleeved with a base 2, a bearing plate 33, a bearing seat 3, a thrust head 6 and a thrust head spline sleeve 7 from bottom to top, the bottom of the thrust head 6 is inserted into the bearing seat 3, the base 2, the bearing plate 33 and the bearing seat 3 are fixedly connected, the thrust head 6, the thrust head spline sleeve 7 and the output shaft 1 are fixedly connected, the coaxiality error of the output shaft 1, the base 2, the bearing plate 33 and the bearing seat 3 is not more than 0.05mm, and the radial runout error of the output shaft 1, the thrust head 6 and the thrust head spline sleeve 7 is not more than 0.02; after the sun gear 20 is mounted on the carrier 8, a plurality of planet gears 22 are mounted on the carrier 8 one by one around the sun gear 20; after the planet wheels 22 are installed, the lower gear ring 9, the upper gear ring 10 and the fixing sleeve 11 are sequentially installed, so that the internal teeth of the lower gear ring 9 are meshed with the lower half parts of the planet wheels 22 in a tooth form, the internal teeth of the upper gear ring 10 are meshed with the upper half parts of the planet wheels 22 in a tooth form, the fixing sleeve 11 is sleeved outside the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9, and the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9 are in spline fit with the fixing sleeve 11 and are axially fixed; two jacking tools 25 are mounted on the planet carrier 8 to support the lower gear ring 9, the two jacking tools 25 are arranged oppositely, a mounting seat 251 of each jacking tool 25 is fixed on the planet carrier 8, and a screw 252 in threaded connection with the mounting seat 251 abuts against the bottom of the lower gear ring 9; the relative positions of the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9 and the heights of the upper gear ring 10, the lower gear ring 9, the fixed sleeve 11, the sun gear 20 and the plurality of planet gears 22 can be adjusted by rotating the screw rods 252 of the two jacking tools 25;

step 2), hoisting the planet carrier 8 provided with the jacking tool 25, the fixed sleeve 11, the upper gear ring 10, the lower gear ring 9 and the plurality of planet wheels 22 to the position above the thrust head assembly, and fixedly connecting the planet carrier 8 with the thrust head spline sleeve 7 of the thrust head assembly;

and step 3), sequentially installing the box body 24, the fixing ring 12 of the gear ring component and the upper cover 13, enabling the box body 24 to be sleeved on the planetary gear train component and the thrust head component, fixing the box body 24 and the base 1 of the thrust head component, hoisting the fixing ring 12 and fixing the fixing ring at the top of the box body 24, meshing the inner teeth of the fixing ring 12 and the outer teeth of the fixing sleeve 11 and axially fixing the fixing ring through a clamp spring, then disassembling the two jacking tools 25, and fixing the upper cover 13 at the top of the fixing ring 12.

Therefore, in the assembling process of the reduction gearbox, the two main components, namely the planetary gear train component and the thrust collar component, are assembled after being independently assembled, so that the assembling quality of a single component is convenient to control; in the assembly process of the planetary gear train component, the gear ring and the fixed sleeve are jacked up through the jacking tool, so that on one hand, the weights of the gear ring and the fixed sleeve are prevented from being always released on the outer teeth of the planetary gears and the inner teeth of the gear ring, the influence of the assembly process on the planetary gear train component is reduced, on the other hand, the telescopic jacking tool can be used for adjusting the inclination angle between the gear ring and the planetary gears, the transmission of the planetary gear train component is more stable, accidents such as gear beating and the like are avoided, and the service life and the transmission effect of the reduction gearbox are improved; in the assembling process of the thrust head assembly, the coaxiality between all components in the planet wheel assembly is verified repeatedly for many times, so that the radial runout between the input end and the output end of the thrust head assembly is reduced, and the failure risk of the thrust head assembly is reduced.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the planetary gear assembly includes a planetary carrier 8, a sun shaft 20, a central oil pipe 19, a plurality of oil injection pipes 23, a plurality of planetary gears 21, and a plurality of planetary gear shafts 22; the inner part of the planet carrier 8 is a cavity 81, a plurality of openings 82 communicated with the inner part of the planet carrier 8 are formed in the side surface of the planet carrier 8, a plurality of mounting holes penetrating through the cavity 81 from top to bottom are formed in the planet carrier 8, the mounting holes comprise a first mounting hole 811, a plurality of second mounting holes 812 and a plurality of third mounting holes 813, the first mounting hole 811 is located in the middle of the planet carrier 8, the second mounting holes 812 are arranged around the first mounting hole 811, the third mounting holes 813 are arranged around the first mounting hole 811, and the third mounting holes 813 are located inside the second mounting holes 812; the planet wheel 22 is provided with a shaft hole 221 for mounting the planet wheel shaft 21, the outer teeth of the planet wheel 22 are herringbone teeth, the sun wheel 20 is provided with a middle through hole 201 penetrating through the sun wheel 20, and the outer teeth of the sun wheel 20 are herringbone teeth. The plurality of oil spray pipes 23 are respectively inserted into the plurality of third mounting holes 813, and after both ends of the oil spray pipes 23 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the carrier 8, the sun gear 20 is inserted into the first mounting hole 811. Further preferably, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, in step 1), the process of installing the planet wheels 22 is as follows: the relative positions of the shaft hole 221 of the planet wheel 22 and the second mounting hole 812 of the planet carrier 8 are adjusted by visual observation, so that the preliminary centering and positioning of the shaft hole 221 of the planet wheel 22 and the second mounting hole 812 of the planet carrier 8 are completed; vertically hoisting the centering tool 27, inserting the centering tool 27 into the second mounting hole 812 positioned on the upper side from top to bottom, inserting a first annular pair of middle parts 271 of the centering tool 27 into the shaft hole 221 of the planet wheel 22, inserting a second annular pair of middle parts 272 of the centering tool 27 into the second mounting hole 812 positioned on the lower side, wherein the first pair of middle parts 271 is tightly matched with the shaft hole 221, the second pair of middle parts 272 is tightly matched with the second mounting hole 812 positioned on the lower side, and the first pair of middle parts 271 and the second pair of middle parts 272 are concentric, so that the centering positioning of the shaft hole 221 of the planet wheel 22 and the second mounting hole 812 of the planet carrier 8 is completed; and a fixed tool 28 is arranged on the side surface of the planet carrier 8, the planet wheels 22 are clamped through the fixed tool 28 and the sun wheel 20 to prevent the planet wheels from moving radially, wherein the outer teeth of the planet wheels 22 and the outer teeth of the sun wheel 20 are herringbone teeth, the planet wheels are prevented from moving axially through meshing teeth of the planet wheels 22 and the sun wheel 20, and the centering positions of the shaft holes 221 of the planet wheels 22 and the second mounting holes 812 of the planet carrier 8 are fixed.

Further preferably, the material of centering frock 27 is nylon, so set up, makes the softer material of nature can prevent that centering frock 27 from hurting shaft hole 221 surface. Further preferably, the top of the first pair of middle parts is provided with at least two lifting holes 273 for installing the lifting rings, and the axes of the lifting holes 273 are parallel to the central axis of the first pair of middle parts. Further preferably, a plurality of lifting holes 273 for installing lifting lugs are formed in the top of the first pair of middle portions 271, in the step 2), before the centering tool 27 is moved, the lifting lugs are installed at the lifting holes 273, and the centering tool 27 is horizontally lifted by the lifting lugs. So set up, through the hoist and mount of the centering frock of being convenient for of lifting eye, be the effectual weight that reduces its self of annular centering frock, the moving of the centering frock of being convenient for to can reduce the conflict of centering in-process centering frock and planet wheel hole, reduce the damage of planet wheel hole.

It is further preferable that the fixing tool 28 includes a connecting portion 281 that can be fixed with the planet carrier 8, a gear portion 282 for abutting against the planet wheel 22 is protruded on the top of the connecting portion 281, and the connecting portion 281 can be fixed on the planet carrier 8 through bolts. So set up, under the prerequisite that satisfies the assembly requirement, simplify the structure of frock, reduce the preparation degree of difficulty and the cost of frock.

More preferably, the diameter of the second mounting hole 812 located on the upper side is larger than the diameter of the second mounting hole 812 located on the lower side, the planet shaft 21 is a stepped shaft, the outer diameter of the bottom of the planet shaft 21 is smaller, and the outer diameter of the first positioning portion 271 in the centering tool is larger than the outer diameter of the second positioning portion 272. So set up, the location of the planet wheel of being convenient for and the installation of planet wheel axle.

Preferably, one end of the planetary gear shaft 21 is axially fixed to the carrier 8, and the other end of the planetary gear shaft 21 is radially fixed to the carrier 8. So set up, avoid complicated fixed knot structure to influence the position accuracy between planet carrier and the planet wheel axle. Further preferably, the top of the planetary gear shaft 21 is tightly fitted with the second mounting hole 812 located at the upper side, a first positioning hole 815 is hinged at the joint of the planetary gear shaft 21 and the second mounting hole 812 located at the upper side, and a first positioning pin is driven into the first positioning hole 815 to prevent the planetary gear shaft 21 from axially rotating; the bottom of the planetary wheel shaft 21 is located in the second mounting hole 812 at the lower side, the bottom of the planetary wheel shaft 21 is tightly matched with the second mounting hole 812 at the lower side, the bottom of the planetary wheel shaft 21 is provided with an annular positioning groove 211, the planet carrier 8 is provided with a second positioning hole 814 communicated with the second mounting hole 812 at the lower side, a second positioning pin is driven into the second positioning hole 814, and one end of the second positioning pin penetrates through the second positioning hole 814 and is inserted into the positioning groove 211. So set up, carry out axial and radial fixed to planet wheel axle through two kinds of modes to can not influence each other between two kinds of locate mode, make the location of planet wheel axle and planet carrier more accurate.

Further preferably, the planetary wheel shaft 21 is coated with a babbitt alloy coating, and sliding friction is formed between the planetary wheel shaft 21 and the planetary wheel 22 through the babbitt alloy coating; and in the step 3), the planet wheel shaft 21 is precooled to-50 ℃ before the planet wheel shaft 21 is hoisted, and white oil is smeared outside the planet wheel shaft 21. So set up, avoid colliding with between planet wheel axle and the shaft hole, the installation of the planet wheel axle of being convenient for improves installation effectiveness and success rate. Further preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the planetary wheel shaft 21 is provided with a notch 212; when the planet wheel shaft 21 is installed, the notch of the planet wheel shaft 21 is parallel to the tangential direction of the rotating path of the planet carrier 8.

Further preferably, a static balance test is performed on the planet carrier 8 before assembly, and the unbalance amount of the planet carrier 8 is not more than 50g. So set up, guarantee stability and reliability of planetary gear set in the operation.

In this embodiment, before the sun gear 20 is installed, the plurality of oil injection pipes 23 are inserted into the third installation hole 813 one by one, and the oil injection pipes 813 are fixed to the carrier 8; the two ends of the oil spray pipe 23 do not exceed the planet carrier 8 after the oil spray pipe 23 is installed. Thus, the interference of the oil spray pipe 23 with other components is avoided. Preferably, the oil injection pipe 23 is provided with an oil injection hole, and the oil injection hole faces to the meshing position of the sun wheel 20 and the planet wheel 22. So set up, more direct be lubricated and cooling protection for planetary gear internal transmission structure. Further preferably, the oil spraying pipe 23 is fixed in a manner that two ends of the oil spraying pipe 23 are spread open, and the oil pipe is fixed on the planet carrier 8 through bolts and glue. So set up, will spout the mouth that expands at 23 both ends of oil pipe, can effectually avoid spouting oil pipe 23 axial float, improve the joint strength and the stability of subassembly in the planetary wheel group. Further preferably, after the oil spraying pipe is coated with the glue, the planet carrier 8 is heated to 150 ℃. So set up, glue solidification is accelerated, improves the packaging efficiency. Further preferably, after the plurality of planet wheels 22 are all arranged on the planet carrier 8, the intermediate oil pipe 19 is arranged; wherein, the first mounting hole 811 positioned at the lower side is a counter bore, and the bottom end of the middle oil pipe 19 is fixedly provided with a mounting seat; the mounting seat is inserted into the counter bore and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the planet carrier 22.

In this embodiment, the outer teeth of the upper gear ring 10 and the outer teeth of the lower gear ring 9 are processed by mounting the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9 on the gear pair tool together; first positioning marks are engraved on the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9 respectively, the two first positioning marks are engraved on the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9 respectively when the external teeth of the upper gear ring 10 and the external teeth of the lower gear ring 9 are processed, and the first positioning marks are engraved on the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9 respectively after the external teeth of the upper gear ring 10 and the external teeth of the lower gear ring 9 are processed; in the step 1, when the upper gear ring 10 is installed, before the upper gear ring 10 is engaged with the plurality of planet wheels 22, the upper gear ring 10 is rotated through the position of the first positioning mark on the lower gear ring 10, and after the upper gear ring 10 is engaged with the plurality of planet wheels 22, the screw 252 of the jacking tool 25 is rotated to make two first positioning marks respectively positioned on the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9 correspond to each other, so that the fine adjustment of the relative position of the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9 is realized, and the circular runout error between the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9 is not more than 0.03. So set up, the installation and the location of the ring gear of being convenient for improve the stability of ring gear in the operation process, improve the assembly efficiency and the success rate of reducing gear box.

Preferably, after the upper gear ring 10 and the lower gear ring 9 are fixed on the gear aligning tool, the distance between the top of the upper gear ring 10 and the bottom of the lower gear ring 9 is greater than the height of the correcting tire, and a lower pressing plate of the gear aligning tool is fixedly connected with the bottom of the correcting tire and the bottom of the lower gear ring 9 through a plurality of bolts and fixedly connected with the top of the correcting tire and the top of the upper gear ring 10 through a plurality of bolts; wherein lower pressure strip and last pressure strip all are circularly, and the excircle diameter of lower pressure strip is less than the diameter of 9 root circles of lower ring gear, and the excircle diameter of last pressure strip is less than the diameter of 10 root circles of upper ring gear, and after the processing of the outer tooth of

upper ring gear

10 and 9 lower ring gears was accomplished, the circle run-out error between upper ring gear 10 and the lower ring gear 9 was no longer than 0.03. So set up, make the external tooth of going up the ring gear and have very high uniformity with lower ring gear through above-mentioned mode to pair the back through first location mark, make the profile of tooth of the external tooth of going up the ring gear unanimous with the profile of tooth of ring gear external tooth down, reduce the error, improve installation effectiveness and installation accuracy, make driven process more stable.

Further preferably, the mounting seat 251 of the jacking tool 25 is fixed on the side surface of the planet carrier 8 through two bolts, the threaded section of each bolt penetrates through the mounting seat 251 to be in threaded connection with the planet carrier 8, and the two bolts are respectively arranged on two sides of the screw 252; when the jacking tool 25 is installed, the lengths of the two bolt adjusting bolts connected with the planet carrier 8 are respectively rotated, so that the inclination angle of the installation seat 251 is adjusted, the position where the screw 252 is connected with the lower gear ring 9 is finely adjusted, and the relative positions of the screw 252 on the two jacking tools 25 are finely adjusted. So set up, be convenient for adjust the precision of the relative position between two screw rods, make the effect of jack-up frock more obvious, be convenient for adjust the relative position of ring gear and ring gear down. More preferably, the screw 252 of the jacking tool 25 abuts against the bottom of the lower ring gear 9 through a gasket. So set up, increase the lifting surface area of ring gear down, prevent the damage of ring gear 9 down.

Further preferred, two annular constant head tanks have been seted up to fixed cover 11 inboards, and the direction is arranged from top to bottom for two constant head tanks, and two constant head tanks are seted up on fixed cover 11's internal tooth section, and in above-mentioned step 4), go up ring gear 10, lower ring gear 9 and fixed cover 11 axial fixity's mode and be: before the fixed sleeve 11 is hoisted, the upper clamp spring 110 is installed in the positioning groove on the upper side, after the fixed sleeve 11 is hoisted, the lower clamp spring 111 is installed in the positioning groove on the lower side, and the external teeth of the upper gear ring 10 and the external teeth of the lower gear ring 9 are located between the upper clamp spring 110 and the lower clamp spring 111. By the arrangement, the axial positions of the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring are adjusted, so that the herringbone teeth are radially meshed and centered, and the external teeth are aligned, so that the fixed sleeve, the upper gear ring and the lower gear ring are connected into a whole.

In the embodiment, in the step 1), in the assembling process of the thrust head assembly, after the output shaft 1 is vertically lifted and moved to the workbench, the base 2, the bearing plate 333, the thrust head 6 and the spline sleeve 7 of the thrust head are sequentially sleeved on the output shaft 1, then the thrust shoe assemblies 4 are installed between the thrust head 6 and the bearing plate 33, then the bearing seat 3 is sleeved outside the thrust head, the bearing seat 3 is fixed on the base 2, and then the guide shoe assemblies 5 are installed inside the bearing seat 3 one by one; the top of the output shaft 1 is inserted into the thrust collar spline housing 7, the output shaft 1 is in spline fit with the thrust collar spline housing 7, and the thrust collar 6 and the thrust collar spline housing 7 are fixed on the output shaft 1; in the assembling process of the thrust head assembly, the output shaft of the checking tool 26 is used as a reference, the distance between the output shaft 1 and the base 2, the bearing plate 33 and the bearing seat 3 is measured, and the base 2, the bearing plate 33 and the bearing seat 3 are moved according to the result of the checking tool, so that the output shaft 1, the base 2, the bearing plate 33 and the bearing seat 3 are coaxial. So set up, improve thrust head subassembly's axiality, avoid the operation in-process because the radial runout is too big leads to the appearance of the condition of burning tiles.

Preferably, before the thrust collar assembly is installed, after the thrust collar 6, the thrust collar spline housing 7 and the output shaft 1 are independently processed, the thrust collar 6 and the thrust collar spline housing 7 are fixed on the output shaft 1, the input end of the thrust collar spline housing 7, the output end of the output shaft 1 and the bearing surface of the thrust collar 6 are finely ground, and after the fine grinding is finished, second positioning marks corresponding to each other are respectively made on the thrust collar spline housing 7, the output shaft 1 and the thrust collar 6; fixing a bearing seat 3 on a base 2, enabling the base 2 and the bearing seat 3 to be coaxial, and then respectively processing a visible light section 31 used as a measuring reference on the inner side and the outer side of the top of the bearing seat 3; after fine grinding, the radial runout error among the thrust head 6, the thrust head spline sleeve 7 and the output shaft 1 is not more than 0.02, the total runout error on the thrust head 6 is not more than 0.015, the smoothness of the input end of the thrust head spline sleeve 7 and the output end of the output shaft 1 is not more than 0.8, the smoothness of the bearing bush surface of the thrust head is not more than 0.4, and the cylindricity of the output shaft 1, the thrust head 6 and the thrust head spline sleeve 7 is 0.01.

Preferably, when the thrust head assembly is installed, the output shaft 1 is vertically hoisted to a flat working table, the output end of the output shaft 1 faces downwards, a plurality of equal-height cushion blocks are arranged on the table position around the output shaft 1, and the base 2 is placed on the plurality of ascending cushion blocks after being sleeved on the output shaft; the work table is circular, when the output shaft is hoisted, the distance between the outer circular surface of the output shaft 1 and the outer circular surface of the work table is measured in multiple points through the calibration tool 26, and the position of the output shaft 1 is adjusted according to the result of the calibration tool 26, so that the output shaft 1 is coaxial with the work table. So set up, guarantee to slow down and be in the intermediate position of workstation all the time, improve the precision of reducing gear box assembling process.

Preferably, in the process of installing the thrust collar assembly, the base 2, the bearing plate 33, the thrust collar 6 and the thrust collar spline sleeve 7 are horizontally lifted in sequence and then sleeved on the output shaft 1, then the plurality of thrust shoe assemblies 4 are installed in the gap between the thrust collar 6 and the bearing plate 33 one by one, then the bearing seat 3 is installed to enable the thrust collar 6 and the plurality of thrust shoe assemblies 4 to be located on the inner side of the bearing seat 3, the distance between the light-emitting section 31 on the bearing seat 3 and the bearing surface of the thrust collar 6 is measured through the checking and correcting tool 26, and the bearing seat 3 is fixed on the bearing plate 33 after the position of the bearing seat 3 is adjusted according to the measuring result; then a plurality of guide shoe components 5 are arranged on the inner side of the bearing seat 3 one by one; the base 2 is placed on a plurality of equal-height cushion blocks, the bearing plate 33 is positioned above the base 2, the checking tool 26 is used for carrying out multi-point measurement on the coaxiality of the base 2, the bearing plate 33 and the output shaft 1, the positions of the base 2 and the bearing plate 33 are adjusted according to the result of the checking tool 26, and then the bearing plate 33 is fixed on the base 2; when the thrust collar 6 and the thrust collar spline housing 7 are hoisted, the thrust collar 6 and the thrust collar spline housing 7 are rotated according to the positions of the second positioning marks on the output shaft, so that the relative positions of the second positioning marks on the output shaft 1, the thrust collar 6 and the thrust collar spline housing 7 respectively after the assembly is finished and the relative positions of the three second positioning marks on the output shaft 1, the thrust collar 6 and the thrust collar spline housing 7 respectively after the finish grinding is finished are kept consistent. By the arrangement, the thrust head assembly is convenient to mount and position, and the mounting efficiency and the mounting precision of the thrust head assembly are improved.

More preferably, the calibration tool 26 includes a depth gauge 261, a dial gauge, and the like, the depth gauge 261 includes a contact portion 2611 and a measurement portion 2612 having scale marks, the measurement portion 2612 is slidably attached to an intermediate position of the contact portion 2611, the contact portion 2611 includes a measurement surface 26111 for contacting the workpiece, the intermediate position of the measurement surface 26111 is a contact surface, and the contact surface is recessed in an arc shape. So set up, avoid curved excircle to lead to the problem that the instrument measured the distortion to can be through the arc section butt excircle face of measuring the face, be convenient for measure the interval between two arcwall faces, accelerate the proofreading process of thrust head subassembly. Take the measurement of the coaxiality between the output shaft and the worktable as an example: when the coaxiality of the work table and the output shaft 1 is corrected by using the depth gauge 261, the abutting surface of the abutting portion 2611 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the work table, one end of the measuring portion 2612 abuts against the output shaft 1 by sliding, and the value of the measuring portion 2612 is read, so that the distance between the outer circumferential surface of the work table and the outer circumferential surface of the output shaft 1 can be obtained. The position of the output shaft 1 is adjusted based on the measurement result of the depth gauge 261 so that the stage and the output shaft are coaxial.

Preferably, the thrust collar 6 is pre-heated to 150 ℃ and then is hung and sleeved on the output shaft 1. Like this, through expend with heat and contract with cold's principle, the suit of the thrust collar 6 of being convenient for reduces the installation degree of difficulty of thrust collar, reduces the collision of thrust collar installation in-process and output shaft.

Preferably, in the assembling process of the thrust head assembly, the bearing plate 33 is firstly sleeved and fixed on the high-position oil sleeve 34, then the bearing plate 33 and the high-position oil sleeve 34 which are fixed together are sleeved on the output shaft together, and the top section of the high-position oil sleeve 34 is inserted into the thrust head 6; the thrust collar 6 and the thrust collar spline-changing sleeve 7 are fixed together and then are installed on the output shaft together. Therefore, the assembly efficiency of the thrust head assembly is improved, and the assembly difficulty of the thrust head assembly is reduced. More preferably, the coaxiality of the base 2, the carrier plate 33, the high-level oil jacket 34 and the output shaft 1 is not more than 0.05mm. Further preferably, the bearing seat 3 is formed by splicing two semicircular bearing seat shells. So set up, the installation of the bearing frame of being convenient for.

In the embodiment, the output shaft 1 is provided with a shaft shoulder, the thrust collar 6 is internally provided with a step-shaped through hole 61, when the thrust collar 6 is sleeved on the output shaft 1, the thrust collar 6 is pressed on the shaft shoulder of the output shaft 1, and the spline sleeve 7 of the thrust collar is in spline connection with the output shaft 1; the thrust head is fixed, the pressing plate tightly presses the spline sleeve 7 of the thrust head, and the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the top of the output shaft 1 through the bolt, so that the output shaft, the thrust head and the spline sleeve of the thrust head are fixed.

In this embodiment, after the planetary gear train assembly and the thrust collar assembly are spliced, the box body 24, the fixing ring 12 and the upper cover 13 are sequentially installed; wherein the box body 24 is sleeved outside the planetary gear train and the thrust collar assembly, and the base 2 is fixed with the box body 24; the fixing ring 12 is arranged at the top of the box body 24, the fixing sleeve 11 extends out of the box body 24 to the inner side of the fixing ring 12, the outer teeth of the fixing sleeve 11 are meshed with the inner teeth of the fixing ring 12, and the fixing sleeve 11 and the fixing ring 12 are axially fixed; the upper cover 13 is fixed on top of the fixing ring 12. After the fixed ring 12 is installed, the plurality of jack-up tools 25 on the planet wheels 22 are removed.

In this embodiment, the upper cover 13 is further provided with a mechanical pump 17, and an input end of the mechanical pump 17 extends into the box body 24; before the upper cover 13 is installed, a flange device 18 with external teeth is installed on the top of the planet carrier 8, and after the upper cover 13 is installed, the external teeth of the flange device 18 are meshed with a gear on the input end of the mechanical pump 17. The upper cover 13 is provided with a middle hole, the middle of the flange device 18 is upwards protruded with a boss, a boss middle hole is arranged on the boss, the top section of the sun wheel 20 is inserted into the boss middle hole, the boss of the flange device 18 extends out of the middle hole of the upper cover 13, and after the upper cover 13 is installed, the sealing assembly is installed in a gap between the upper cover 13 and the boss.

Further preferably, the supporting tool comprises a jack and a wood cushion block, and the jack jacks the lower gear ring 9 through the wood cushion block. So set up, because fixed cover 11 of follow-up needs hoist and mount and go up ring gear 10, what ring gear 9 needed down this moment can be stable and safe state, and the jack can provide sufficient holding power for ring gear down, and the wooden cushion can prevent the damage of ring gear 9 down.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The assembly method of a reduction box, the reduction box includes the planetary wheel set, ring gear assembly, thrust head assembly, input assembly, container body and upper cover, characterized by that: the planet wheel subassembly is installed on the thrust head subassembly, ring gear subassembly cover is established outside a plurality of planet wheels of planet wheel group, the planet wheel group links to each other with the box through the ring gear subassembly, a plurality of planet wheels (22) of planet wheel group and ring gear subassembly spline fit and axial fixity, the external tooth of planet wheel (22) is the herringbone tooth, the ring gear subassembly includes ring gear (10), ring gear (9) and fixed cover (11) down, it all has the internal tooth to go up ring gear (10) and ring gear (9) down, the internal tooth of going up ring gear (10) and the internal tooth of ring gear (9) down can the amalgamation herringbone tooth of accomplishing, this reducing gear box specifically assembles the step as follows:

1) independently assembling a thrust head assembly, wherein an output shaft (1) of the thrust head assembly is sequentially sleeved with a base (2), a bearing plate (33), a bearing seat (3), a thrust head (6) and a thrust head spline sleeve (7) from bottom to top, the bottom of the thrust head (6) is inserted into the bearing seat (3), the base (2), the bearing plate (33) and the bearing seat (3) are fixedly connected, the thrust head (6), the thrust head spline sleeve (7) and the output shaft (1) are fixedly connected, the coaxiality errors of the output shaft (1), the base (2), the bearing plate (33) and the bearing seat (3) are not more than 0.05mm, and the radial runout errors of the output shaft (1), the thrust head (6) and the thrust head spline sleeve (7) are not more than 0.02; after the sun wheel (20) is arranged on the planet carrier (8), a plurality of planet wheels (22) are arranged on the planet carrier (8) one by one around the sun wheel (20); after the planet gears (22) are installed, a lower gear ring (9), an upper gear ring (10) and a fixed sleeve (11) are sequentially installed, so that the internal teeth of the lower gear ring (9) are meshed with the lower half parts of the planet gears (22) in a tooth form, the internal teeth of the upper gear ring (10) are meshed with the upper half parts of the planet gears (22) in a tooth form, the fixed sleeve (11) is sleeved outside the upper gear ring (10) and the lower gear ring (9), and the upper gear ring (10) and the lower gear ring (9) are in spline fit with the fixed sleeve (11) and are axially fixed; the two jacking tools (25) are mounted on the planet carrier (8) to support the lower gear ring (9), the two jacking tools (25) are arranged oppositely, a mounting seat (251) of each jacking tool (25) is fixed on the planet carrier (8), and a screw rod (252) in threaded connection with the mounting seat (251) abuts against the bottom of the lower gear ring (9); the relative positions of the upper gear ring (10) and the lower gear ring (9) and the heights of the upper gear ring (10), the lower gear ring (9), the fixed sleeve (11), the sun gear (20) and the plurality of planet gears (22) can be adjusted by rotating the screws (252) of the two jacking tools (25);

2) Hoisting a planet carrier (8) provided with a jacking tool (25), a fixed sleeve (11), an upper gear ring (10), a lower gear ring (9) and a plurality of planet gears (22) to the upper part of a thrust head assembly, and fixedly connecting the planet carrier (8) with a thrust head spline sleeve (7) of the thrust head assembly;

3) Install box (24) in proper order, fixed ring (12) and upper cover (13) of ring gear subassembly, make box (24) cover on planetary gear train subassembly and thrust head subassembly, it is fixed with base (1) of box (24) and thrust head subassembly afterwards, the top at box (24) is hoisted and fixed with fixed ring (12) afterwards, and the internal tooth meshing of the internal tooth of fixed ring (12) and the external tooth of fixed cover (11) and through jump ring axial fixity, two jack-up frocks (25) are demolishd afterwards, the top at fixed ring (12) is fixed with upper cover (13) afterwards.

2. The method for assembling a reduction gearbox according to claim 1, wherein: the planetary gear set comprises a plurality of planetary gear shafts (21), a plurality of planetary gears (22) are respectively installed on the planetary carrier (8) through the plurality of planetary gear shafts (21), and a plurality of second installation holes (812) used for installing the planetary gear shafts (21) are formed in the planetary carrier (8); in the step 1), in the installation process of the planet wheel, the planet wheel (22) is moved to the planet carrier (8), the centering tool (27) is inserted into the second installation hole (812) and the shaft hole of the planet wheel (22), the fixed tool (28) is installed on the planet carrier (8) to enable the fixed tool (28) and the sun wheel (20) to clamp and position the planet wheel (22), the centering tool (27) inserted into the shaft hole (221) of the planet wheel (22) and the planet wheel shaft (21) is inserted into the second installation hole (812) and the shaft hole (221) of the planet wheel (22) is taken out, the planet wheel shaft (21) is inserted into the second installation hole (812) and the shaft hole (221) of the planet wheel (22), and the fixed tool (28) is removed after the planet wheel shaft (21) and the planet carrier (8) are fixed.

3. A method of assembling a reduction gearbox according to claim 2, characterised in that: centering frock (27) are including being annular first to middle part (271) and second to middle part (272), after centering frock (27) inserted second mounting hole (812) of planet carrier (8) and shaft hole (221) of planet wheel (22), first to middle part (271) are located shaft hole (221) and tight fit, and the second is to middle part (272) and is located second mounting hole (812) and tight fit, and the material of centering frock (27) is nylon.

4. A method of assembling a reduction gearbox according to claim 2, characterised in that: the planetary wheel shaft (21) is coated with a Babbitt alloy coating, and the planetary wheel shaft (21) is inserted into the second mounting hole (812) and the shaft hole (221) of the planetary wheel (22) after precooling.

5. A method of assembling a reduction gearbox according to claim 2, characterised in that: the fixed tooling (28) comprises a connecting part (281) capable of being fixed with the planet carrier (8), and a gear part (282) used for abutting against the planet wheel (22) protrudes from the top of the connecting part (281).

6. A method of assembling a reduction gearbox according to claim 1, characterised in that: the outer teeth of the upper gear ring (10) and the outer teeth of the lower gear ring (9) are processed by mounting the upper gear ring (10) and the lower gear ring (9) on a gear pair tool together; first positioning marks are engraved on the upper gear ring (10) and the lower gear ring (9), the two first positioning marks are respectively engraved on the upper gear ring (10) and the lower gear ring (9) when the external teeth of the upper gear ring (10) and the external teeth of the lower gear ring (9) are processed, and the first positioning marks are respectively engraved on the upper gear ring (10) and the lower gear ring (9) after the external teeth of the upper gear ring (10) and the external teeth of the lower gear ring (9) are processed; in the step 1), when the upper gear ring (10) is installed, before the upper gear ring (10) is meshed with the plurality of planet wheels (22), the upper gear ring (10) is rotated through the position of the first positioning mark on the lower gear ring (10), and after the upper gear ring (10) is meshed with the plurality of planet wheels (22), the screw (252) of the jacking tool (25) is rotated, so that the two first positioning marks respectively positioned on the upper gear ring (10) and the lower gear ring (9) correspond to each other, the fine adjustment of the relative position of the upper gear ring (10) and the lower gear ring (9) is realized, and the circular runout error between the upper gear ring (10) and the lower gear ring (9) is not more than 0.03.

7. The method for assembling a reduction gearbox according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), in the assembling process of the thrust head assembly, after the output shaft (1) is vertically lifted and moved to a working table, the base (2), the bearing plate (333), the thrust head (6) and the thrust head spline sleeve (7) are sequentially sleeved on the output shaft (1), then a plurality of thrust shoe assemblies (4) are installed between the thrust head (6) and the bearing plate (33), then the bearing seat (3) is sleeved outside the thrust head, the bearing seat (3) is fixed on the base (2), and then a plurality of guide shoe assemblies (5) are installed on the inner side of the bearing seat (3) one by one; the top of the output shaft (1) is inserted into the thrust head spline sleeve (7), the output shaft (1) is in spline fit with the thrust head spline sleeve (7), and the thrust head (6) and the thrust head spline sleeve (7) are fixed on the output shaft (1); in the assembling process of the thrust head assembly, the output shaft of the checking tool (26) is used as a reference, the distance between the output shaft (1) and the base (2), the bearing plate (33) and the bearing seat (3) is measured, and the base (2), the bearing plate (33) and the bearing seat (3) are moved according to the result of the checking tool, so that the output shaft (1), the base (2), the bearing plate (33) and the bearing seat (3) are coaxial.

8. The method for assembling a reduction gearbox according to claim 7, wherein: the output shaft (1), the thrust head (6) and the push head spline housing (7) are respectively carved with second positioning marks which correspond to each other, and the second positioning marks are formed by assembling the output shaft (1), the thrust head (6) and the push head spline housing (7) before the thrust head assembly is assembled, carrying out fine grinding and then respectively carving on the output shaft (1), the thrust head (6) and the push head spline housing (7); in the step 1), in the assembling process of the thrust head assembly, the positions of the thrust head (6) and the thrust head spline housing (7) are adjusted through the second positioning marks on the output shaft (1), so that the relative positions of the second positioning marks respectively positioned on the output shaft (1), the thrust head (6) and the thrust head spline housing (7) after the assembling is finished are consistent with the relative positions of three second positioning marks respectively positioned on the output shaft (1), the thrust head (6) and the thrust head spline housing (7) after the finish grinding is finished.

9. A method of assembling a reduction gearbox according to claim 7, characterised in that: the inner side and the outer side of the top of the bearing seat (3) are respectively provided with a visible light section (31), and the visible light sections (31) are formed by processing the base (2) and the bearing seat (3) together after the base (2) and the bearing seat (3) are installed together; in the step 1), when the bearing seat (3) is positioned, the distance between the outer surfaces of the light-emitting section (31) and the outer surface of the thrust head (6) is measured through the checking tool (26), and the position of the bearing seat (3) is adjusted according to the result of the checking tool (26), so that the bearing seat (3) and the thrust head (6) are coaxial.

10. The method for assembling a reduction gearbox according to claim 7, wherein: the calibration tool (26) comprises a depth gauge (261) which comprises a contact part (2611) and a measuring part (2612) with scale marks, the measuring part (2612) is installed on the contact part (2611) in a sliding mode, the contact part (2611) comprises a measuring surface (26111) used for contacting a workpiece, and the measuring surface (26111) comprises an arc-shaped section used for contacting an outer circular surface of a component.