CN115198724B - Soft soil foundation reinforcing device and reinforcing method for thermoosmosis combined gravel pile - Google Patents
Soft soil foundation reinforcing device and reinforcing method for thermoosmosis combined gravel pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN115198724B CN115198724B CN202211002780.4A CN202211002780A CN115198724B CN 115198724 B CN115198724 B CN 115198724B CN 202211002780 A CN202211002780 A CN 202211002780A CN 115198724 B CN115198724 B CN 115198724B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for reinforcing a soft soil foundation by combining thermoosmosis and gravel piles, which comprises a plurality of reinforcing units, wherein the reinforcing units are uniformly arranged at intervals along the soft soil foundation and are alternately connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of an external direct current power supply, and the polarity of the reinforcing unit is opposite to that of the nearest reinforcing unit; the reinforcement unit comprises an electrode layer, a heating device and broken stone, wherein the heating device is arranged in the electrode layer, and broken stone between the electrode layer and the heating device forms a pile body through extrusion; the electrode layer comprises a spiral electrode, vertical electrodes, an inner filter layer and an outer filter layer, wherein the spiral electrode is provided with a plurality of vertical electrodes along the circumference, and the two sides of the spiral electrode are respectively provided with the inner filter layer and the outer filter layer. The invention also discloses a soft soil foundation reinforcing method of the thermoosmosis combined gravel pile. The invention can effectively reduce the engineering quantity, discharge partial pore water in the soft soil foundation, and multiply improve the foundation reinforcement effect and uniformity; the solar energy can be stored and utilized, can be recycled and meets the requirement of sustainable development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a foundation reinforcement device and a method thereof, in particular to a soft soil foundation reinforcement device and a soft soil foundation reinforcement method of a thermoosmosis combined gravel pile.
Background
The natural soft soil has poor physical and mechanical properties, shows the natural characteristics of softness or loose crushing, is easy to generate obvious deformation or flow, and the formed foundation has outstanding uneven settlement problem, has poor bearing capacity and stability and is difficult to meet engineering requirements. Therefore, the formed foundation soil must be treated to meet engineering requirements.
The electroosmosis method is to apply direct current to the soil body to transfer and discharge water molecules from the anode to the cathode, so that the soil body strength can be improved to a certain extent, and compared with other foundation treatment methods, the electroosmosis method has good reinforcement effect on soft clay with low strength, high water content and low permeability. Although the conventional electroosmosis method is rapid and effective in drainage, the problems of uneven reinforcement, low post-treatment efficiency and the like exist.
The Chinese patent with application number 202111392361.1 discloses a soft foundation system and a method for pipeline heating and vacuum combined electroosmosis preloading treatment, wherein an electroosmosis system, a vacuum preloading treatment system and a heating system are arranged in a matched mode, under the condition of vacuum preloading, the electroosmosis effect is combined, and solar energy is utilized to heat soil bodies, so that the clogging nearby a drain board can be greatly reduced, the attenuation of the vacuum degree is slowed down, and the consolidation effect is improved. However, there are the following problems: firstly, the energy consumption is higher by means of vacuum pumping, and the actual engineering is difficult to reach the vacuum condition, so that the consolidation effect is poor. Secondly, the unidirectional drainage is consolidated, and after the water in the soil is discharged, the pores among soil particles cannot be extruded or filled, so that the final bearing capacity of the foundation is not high. Third, the electrode arrangement is complex and the amount of engineering is large. Fourth, under the condition that the electrodes are not alternated, the condition that the water content of soil increases from anode to cathode can occur, so that the water content of the foundation is unevenly distributed, and the problems of local collapse, sedimentation and the like are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a soft soil foundation reinforcing device of a thermoosmosis combined gravel pile, which is capable of improving the strength of a soil foundation, utilizing solar energy and effectively reducing engineering quantity.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a device for reinforcing a soft soil foundation by combining thermoosmosis and gravel piles, which comprises a plurality of reinforcing units, wherein the reinforcing units are uniformly arranged along the soft soil foundation at intervals and are alternately connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of an external direct current power supply, and the polarity of the reinforcing unit is opposite to that of the nearest reinforcing unit; the reinforcement unit comprises an electrode layer, a heating device and broken stone, wherein the heating device is arranged in the electrode layer, and the broken stone between the electrode layer and the heating device forms a compact pile body through extrusion, so that the primary reinforcement treatment of the foundation is realized; the electrode layer comprises a spiral electrode, vertical electrodes, an inner filter layer and an outer filter layer, wherein the spiral electrode is provided with a plurality of vertical electrodes along the circumference, and the two sides of the spiral electrode are respectively provided with the inner filter layer and the outer filter layer.
Further, both the spiral electrode and the vertical electrode are made of iron. The surfaces of the spiral electrode and the vertical electrode are provided with the anti-corrosion layer, so that the corrosion of the spiral electrode and the vertical electrode caused by electroosmosis is effectively relieved. The whole spiral electrode and the vertical electrode are in cage-shaped structures, so that the contact area between the spiral electrode and the soft foundation can be effectively increased.
Further, the inner filter layer and the outer filter layer are made of degradable materials, the effect of the inner filter layer and the outer filter layer is to reduce the loss of the spiral electrode and the vertical electrode in the construction process, and the inner filter layer and the outer filter layer can be automatically decomposed in the foundation after the construction is completed, so that the environment pollution is not caused. The inner filter layer and the outer filter layer are arranged, so that the electrode layer can be protected, abrasion consumption is reduced, the electrode layer is convenient to take out, water and soil can reach a broken stone area after being separated, and the phenomenon that soil particles are blocked between broken stones in the electroosmosis process to influence the consolidation effect is avoided. The blocking after completion helps to increase the load bearing capacity. The water is free water and part of weakly bound water.
Further, heating device includes heating stake, heating plate and heat preservation drainage layer, and the top of heating stake sets up the heating plate, and one side that the heating plate kept away from the heating stake sets up the heat preservation drainage layer, and the heating plate can absorb and store solar energy and provide heat for the heating stake. The heat preservation drainage layer is reserved with the strip-shaped channel for vertical drainage, and the heat preservation drainage layer is made of heat preservation materials, so that heat dissipation of the lower portion can be reduced. The height of the heating pile is the same as the height of the pile body. The diameter of the heating plate is larger than that of the spiral electrode, and the heating plate is arranged on the surface of the foundation so as to absorb more solar energy. The heating device can heat surrounding broken stone in the construction process, excessive moisture in the evaporation soft foundation, especially pore water collected near the cathode under the electroosmosis effect can be evaporated between the broken stone through the inner filter layer and the outer filter layer, so that the effect of vertical drainage is achieved.
Further, the particle size of the broken stone is 2-4 cm, and the pores among the larger broken stone can be filled with the smaller broken stone, so that the foundation reinforcement effect is improved, and the engineering quantity of the traditional broken stone pile method is reduced.
The construction method of the device for reinforcing the soft soil foundation by combining the thermoosmosis and the gravel pile comprises the following steps:
step one, forming holes in a soft soil foundation by using a vibroflotation or immersed tube mode;
arranging an outer filter layer, a spiral electrode, a vertical electrode and an inner filter layer along the hole wall in sequence, assembling the electrode layer, inserting a heating device in the center of the hole, and filling broken stone between the electrode layer and the heating device;
step three, connecting the electrode layer with an external direct current power supply through a wire, and starting construction after electrifying;
step four, the electrode layers of the adjacent reinforcement units are connected with the anode and the cathode of an external direct current power supply periodically and alternately in the construction process so as to ensure the uniformity of reinforcing the soft soil foundation;
and fifthly, stopping construction after the foundation strength near the electrode layer meets the corresponding requirements of building foundation design rule, taking out the spiral electrode, the vertical electrode and the heating device, and cleaning in time for further construction and filling up the surface of the pile foundation.
Working principle: the soft soil foundation is primarily reinforced through the gravel pile, when the top of the gravel pile is acted by load, the pile body expands laterally, and surrounding soil blocks the lateral expansion, so that the soft soil foundation is improved under the combined action of the surrounding soil and the surrounding soil. In addition, the gravel pile has good water permeability and good drainage effect, and the drainage is evaporated by heat transferred from the heating pile to the gravel, so that the consolidation of the soft soil foundation can be accelerated. On the basis, electroosmosis is introduced to change pore water distribution in the soft foundation, part of pore water is evaporated from bottom to top under the heating condition and discharged out of the soil, the water content of the soft foundation is reduced in a thermoelectroosmosis mode, and the second reinforcement treatment of the foundation is carried out. The water content of the cathode is higher, so that the water drainage effect is more remarkable, and the third reinforcement effect of the foundation is improved by reducing the overall water content of the foundation. The regular adjacent reinforcement units alternately can be exchanged between the anode and the cathode, so that the change of the drainage direction can be realized, the uniformity of the water content distribution of the foundation can be improved, and the bearing capacity of the foundation can be effectively enhanced. From the microscopic view, after pore water among soil particles is discharged through electroosmosis drainage, the pores among the soil particles are compacted under the extrusion action of the gravel pile, so that the overall bearing capacity is enhanced, however, under the proper water content, the cohesive force of the soil is enhanced to promote the bearing capacity to be enhanced, so that the lower the water content is, the better the reinforcing effect is.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable characteristics:
1. by combining electroosmosis and heating technologies, the engineering quantity can be effectively reduced, partial pore water in the soft soil foundation is discharged, and the reinforcement effect and uniformity of the foundation can be improved repeatedly;
2. the solar energy can be fully stored and utilized, and the inner filter layer and the outer filter layer are made of degradable materials, so that the solar energy-saving and environment-friendly solar energy-saving filter is energy-saving and environment-friendly, the spiral electrode, the vertical electrode and the heating device can be recycled, and the requirements of sustainable development are met;
3. the heat preservation drainage layer is reserved with a strip-shaped channel for vertical drainage, and the heat preservation drainage layer is made of heat preservation materials, so that heat dissipation of the lower part can be reduced;
4. the diameter of the heating disc is larger than that of the spiral electrode, and the heating disc is arranged on the surface of the foundation, so that more solar energy can be absorbed;
5. the heating device can heat surrounding broken stones in the construction process, excessive water in the evaporation soft foundation, especially pore water collected near the cathode under the electroosmosis effect can be evaporated between the broken stones through the inner filter layer and the outer filter layer, so that the effect of vertical drainage is achieved;
6. the particle size of the broken stone is 2-4 cm, and the pores among the larger broken stone can be filled with the smaller broken stone, so that the foundation reinforcement effect is improved, and the engineering quantity of the traditional broken stone pile method is reduced;
7. the electrode layers of adjacent reinforcement units are connected with the anode and the cathode of an external direct current power supply periodically and alternately in the construction process, so that the uniformity of reinforcing the soft soil foundation is ensured;
8. the inner filter layer and the outer filter layer are arranged, so that the electrode layer can be protected, abrasion consumption is reduced, the electrode layer is convenient to take out, water and soil can reach a broken stone area after being separated, and soil particles among broken stones in the electroosmosis process are prevented from being blocked.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the reinforcement unit 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the electrode layer 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral electrode 201 and the vertical electrode 202 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the heating device 3 of the present invention;
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the device for reinforcing a soft soil foundation by combining thermoosmosis and gravel piles is formed by uniformly arranging a plurality of reinforcing units 1 along the soft soil foundation at intervals, and alternately connecting the reinforcing units 1 with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of an external direct current power supply, wherein the polarities of the nearest reinforcing units 1 are opposite.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the reinforcement unit 1 comprises an electrode layer 2, a heating device 3 and crushed stone 4. The electrode layer 2 comprises an outer filter layer 204, a spiral electrode 201, a vertical electrode 202 and an inner filter layer 203 from outside to inside, wherein the spiral electrode 201 and the vertical electrode 202 are made of iron, and the surfaces of the spiral electrode and the vertical electrode 202 are provided with anti-corrosion layers. There is no soil between the inner and outer filter layers 203, 204. Wherein, a plurality of pore canals are formed on the spiral electrode 201 from top to bottom, and the pore canals are used for penetrating the vertical electrode 202, thereby forming an electrode whole body in a cage-shaped structure, on one hand, the contact area with the soft soil foundation is increased, the reinforcement effect can be effectively improved, on the other hand, the spiral electrode is convenient for disassembling the device after construction is finished, the vertical electrode 202 is firstly pulled out, and then the spiral electrode 201 is rotationally pulled out, so that the electrode disassembling work can be completed. The spiral electrode 201 is provided with a plurality of vertical electrodes 202 along the circumference, a heating device 3 is arranged at the center of the spiral electrode 201, the inner filter layer 203 and the outer filter layer 204 are made of degradable materials, the effect of the spiral electrode is to reduce the loss of the spiral electrode 201 and the vertical electrodes 202 in the construction process, and the spiral electrode can be automatically decomposed in a foundation after the construction is completed, so that environmental pollution is not caused. The broken stone 4 between the electrode layer 2 and the heating device 3 forms a compact pile body through extrusion. The particle size of the broken stone 4 is selected according to the design requirement, the particle size of the broken stone 4 is generally 2-4 cm, the grading is moderate, and the maximum particle size of the broken stone 4 cannot exceed 5cm, because under the condition of good grading, the pores among the larger broken stone 4 can be filled with the smaller broken stone 4, and the foundation reinforcement effect is further improved.
The number of reinforcement units 1 and their arrangement are chosen according to the engineering geology, mainly depending on the depth and the load-bearing capacity requirements of the base to be reinforced. The pile length of the pile body is 4-10 m, the pile diameter is 0.4-0.6 m, the pile spacing is 3.5m, and the diameter of the heating plate 302 is 3.5m. The pile spacing is equal to the diameter of the heating plate 302, so that adjacent heating plates 302 are tangent, and the coverage area of the heating device 3 is ensured to be large enough, and the absorbed and stored solar energy is sufficient for supplying heat.
As shown in fig. 5, the heating device 3 comprises a heating pile 301, a heating plate 302 and a heat preservation drainage layer 303 from bottom to top. The heating pile 301 is located at the center of the electrode layer 2 and the broken stone 4, and is used for providing heat for surrounding broken stone 4, the evaporable part is discharged to pore water between broken stones 4 by electroosmosis, and the heating pile 301 can vibrate broken stone 4 by lifting up and down and shaking left and right so as to improve the compactness of the broken stone. The upper end of the heating pile 301 is provided with a heating disc 302, the coverage area of which is larger than the cross section of the pile foundation, and the heating disc is arranged on the surface of the foundation, so that a large amount of solar energy can be absorbed and stored to provide heat for the heating pile 301 for a long time. The heat preservation drainage layer 303 sets up in heating device 3's upper surface, reserves the bar passageway that is used for vertical drainage, and heat preservation drainage layer 303 is the heat preservation material, can reduce heating device 3 and its lower part's heat dissipation to a certain extent, and heat preservation drainage layer 303 is equipped with the hole water that the bar passageway is used for after the heating and discharges from bottom to top. The height of the heating stake 301 is the same as the height of the stake body. The heating device 3 can heat surrounding broken stone 4 in the construction process, excessive water in the evaporation soft foundation, especially pore water collected near the cathode under the electroosmosis effect can be evaporated between the broken stone 4 through the inner filter layer 203 and the outer filter layer 204, so that the effect of vertical drainage is achieved.
The soft soil foundation is reinforced by adopting the device, and the concrete construction method comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining a site area needing reinforcement in an engineering site, selecting a proper mode such as vibroflotation or sinking pipe and the like, and forming holes in a soft soil foundation;
step two, firstly arranging an outer filter layer 204 along the hole wall, then arranging a spiral electrode 201 along the arranged outer filter layer 204, inserting a vertical electrode 202 in a corresponding hole channel, then arranging an inner filter layer 203 along the inner part of the spiral electrode 201, arranging a heating pile 301 in the center of the hole channel, finally filling broken stone 4 in the residual space, vibrating and compacting, connecting the upper end of the heating pile 301 with a heating device 3, arranging a heat preservation drainage layer 303 on the upper part of the heating device 3, and repeating the step, wherein the cathode and anode electrodes are arranged according to construction requirements and comprise the number, the arrangement mode and the spacing of the cathode and anode electrodes;
step three, connecting the electrode layer 2 with an external direct current power supply through a lead, starting electroosmosis, and upwards discharging part of pore water in the soil body from the heat-insulating drainage layer 303 under the action of the heating device 3;
step four, in the construction process, the electrode layers 2 of the adjacent reinforcement units 1 are connected with the anode and the cathode of an external direct current power supply in a periodic alternating manner, namely the electrodes are interchanged, so that the uniformity of reinforcing the soft soil foundation is ensured;
and fifthly, judging the construction cut-off time by measuring the strength of the soft soil foundation near the cathode, if the measured strength meets the requirement, then, treating the soft soil foundation as strengthening treatment, stopping the construction, sequentially disassembling the heat preservation drainage layer 303 and the heating device 3, extracting the vertical electrode 202 again, taking out the spiral electrode 201 in a rotating way, extracting the heating pile 301 finally, cleaning in time, and performing construction again, backfilling the blank part and filling the surface of the pile foundation.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a weak soil foundation reinforcing apparatus of thermoelectricity infiltration joint gravel stake which characterized in that: the soft soil reinforcing device comprises a plurality of reinforcing units (1), wherein the reinforcing units (1) are uniformly arranged at intervals along the soft soil foundation and are alternately connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of an external direct current power supply, and the polarity of the reinforcing unit (1) is opposite to that of the nearest reinforcing unit (1); the reinforcing unit (1) comprises an electrode layer (2), a heating device (3) and crushed stones (4), wherein the heating device (3) is arranged in the electrode layer (2), and the crushed stones (4) between the electrode layer (2) and the heating device (3) form a pile body through extrusion; the electrode layer (2) comprises a spiral electrode (201), vertical electrodes (202), an inner filter layer (203) and an outer filter layer (204), wherein the spiral electrode (201) is provided with a plurality of vertical electrodes (202) along the circumference direction of the spiral electrode, and the two sides of the spiral electrode (201) are respectively provided with the inner filter layer (203) and the outer filter layer (204);
the inner filter layer (203) and the outer filter layer (204) are made of degradable materials;
the heating device (3) comprises a heating pile (301), a heating disc (302) and a heat preservation drainage layer (303), wherein the heating disc (302) is arranged at the top of the heating pile (301), the heat preservation drainage layer (303) is arranged at one side, far away from the heating pile (301), of the heating disc (302), and the heating disc (302) can absorb and store solar energy and provide heat for the heating pile (301);
and a strip-shaped channel for vertical drainage is reserved on the heat preservation drainage layer (303).
2. A soft soil foundation reinforcing apparatus of a thermo-osmotic combined gravel pile according to claim 1, wherein: the spiral electrode (201) and the vertical electrode (202) are both made of iron.
3. A soft soil foundation reinforcing apparatus of a thermo-osmotic combined gravel pile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and the surfaces of the spiral electrode (201) and the vertical electrode (202) are provided with anti-corrosion layers.
4. A soft soil foundation reinforcing apparatus of a thermo-osmotic combined gravel pile according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the heating pile (301) is the same as the height of the pile body.
5. A soft soil foundation reinforcing apparatus of a thermo-osmotic combined gravel pile according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the heating plate is larger than that of the spiral electrode.
6. A soft soil foundation reinforcing apparatus of a thermo-osmotic combined gravel pile according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the broken stone (4) is 2-4 cm.
7. The reinforcing method of a soft soil foundation reinforcing apparatus of a combined heat and power infiltration gravel pile according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, forming holes in a soft soil foundation by using a vibroflotation or immersed tube mode;
arranging an outer filter layer (204), a spiral electrode (201), a vertical electrode (202) and an inner filter layer (203) along the hole wall in sequence, assembling an electrode layer (2), inserting a heating device (3) in the center of the hole, and filling broken stone (4) between the electrode layer (2) and the heating device (3);
step three, connecting the electrode layer (2) with an external direct current power supply through a wire, and starting construction after electrifying;
step four, the electrode layers (2) of the adjacent reinforcement units (1) are connected with the anode and the cathode of an external direct current power supply periodically and alternately in the construction process;
and fifthly, stopping construction after the foundation strength near the electrode layer (2) meets the requirement, taking out the spiral electrode (201), the vertical electrode (202) and the heating device (3), and cleaning in time for further construction and filling up the pile foundation surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211002780.4A CN115198724B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Soft soil foundation reinforcing device and reinforcing method for thermoosmosis combined gravel pile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211002780.4A CN115198724B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Soft soil foundation reinforcing device and reinforcing method for thermoosmosis combined gravel pile |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115198724A CN115198724A (en) | 2022-10-18 |
| CN115198724B true CN115198724B (en) | 2023-04-21 |
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| CN202211002780.4A Active CN115198724B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Soft soil foundation reinforcing device and reinforcing method for thermoosmosis combined gravel pile |
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Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3623897B2 (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2005-02-23 | 不動建設株式会社 | Ground strengthening method |
| CN112359811B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江大学 | Silt rapid treatment method of electric geotextile electroosmosis combined dynamic compaction gravel pile |
| CN215252774U (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-12-21 | 浙江中材工程勘测设计有限公司 | Foundation treatment structure for deep silt |
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