CN115197386A - Preparation method and application of hydrophilic polyurethane sponge - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of hydrophilic polyurethane sponge Download PDFInfo
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- CN115197386A CN115197386A CN202210616419.4A CN202210616419A CN115197386A CN 115197386 A CN115197386 A CN 115197386A CN 202210616419 A CN202210616419 A CN 202210616419A CN 115197386 A CN115197386 A CN 115197386A
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- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane sponge
- alcohol
- component
- hydrophilic polyurethane
- hydrophilic
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- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 12
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical class C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AZYRZNIYJDKRHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(2-isocyanatopropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)N=C=O)=C1 AZYRZNIYJDKRHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010048038 Wound infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
- C08G18/7862—Nitrogen containing cyano groups or aldimine or ketimine groups
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
- A61L15/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/425—Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4072—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/63 with other macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/63—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers
- C08G18/632—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers onto polyethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- C08G18/721—Two or more polyisocyanates not provided for in one single group C08G18/73 - C08G18/80
- C08G18/725—Combination of polyisocyanates of C08G18/78 with other polyisocyanates
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/73—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates acyclic
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- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
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- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
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- C08G18/7628—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the aromatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
- C08G18/765—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the aromatic ring by means of an aliphatic group alpha, alpha, alpha', alpha', -tetraalkylxylylene diisocyanate or homologues substituted on the aromatic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J2207/00—Foams characterised by their intended use
- C08J2207/10—Medical applications, e.g. biocompatible scaffolds
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- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J2471/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2471/02—Polyalkylene oxides
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method and application of a hydrophilic polyurethane sponge, and relates to the technical field of polyurethane soft foam materials, wherein the preparation method of the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge comprises the following steps: (1) Weighing polyether polyol X and hydrophilic polymer polyol Y, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing at 120 ℃ for dehydration, then cooling to 40-50 ℃, adding modified MDIZ, replacing with nitrogen for three times, and reacting for 2-3 hours under the conditions of 65-75 ℃ and 0.01-0.05MPa to obtain a prepolymer, namely a component A; (2) Weighing deionized water and surfactant, stirring and mixing uniformly at 35-70 ℃, and cooling to 25 ℃ to obtain a component B; (3) Weighing the component A and the component B, quickly stirring and foaming, and then placing in an oven with flowing nitrogen at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge. The method is simple, environment-friendly and safe, and can obtain low swelling ratio, high water absorption rate and excellent physical properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane soft foam materials, in particular to a preparation method and application of hydrophilic polyurethane sponge.
Background
The hydrophilic polyurethane foam has good opening and biocompatibility, mature synthesis process and variable application shape, and is widely applied to the field of medical dressings. Compared with traditional dressings such as absorbent cotton and gauze, the polyurethane dressing can effectively and quickly absorb the exudation of the wound, has the functions of liquid retention, moisture permeability and bacteria isolation, can avoid hydrops, can keep proper wound air permeability, prevents scabbing, is favorable for wound healing, and simultaneously has the function of bacteria isolation to prevent wound infection.
The method for preparing hydrophilic polyurethane foam mainly has 2, one is the preparation method and its application that the polyurethane soft bubble material that can subside in water that China patent CN108976775B disclosed, it adds the absorbent filler such as polyacrylic acid salt, polyacrylamide, etc. to modify the absorbent resin in the formulation, these absorbent substances are dispersed in the foam, it is easy to dissolve in water and precipitate with water, therefore use is limited; another method is a self-sinking polyurethane foam disclosed in chinese patent CN113061225A and its preparation method, which improves the water absorption of polyurethane by introducing hydrophilic groups such as ethylene oxide chain links into the molecular chain of polyurethane; however, the polyurethane hydrophilic dressings prepared by the two methods have the problems of poor physical strength of foam, need of manual pore opening or addition of a pore opening agent for improving the pore opening rate of the foam and the like, and cannot meet the new requirements of people on medical dressings.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a preparation method of the water polyurethane sponge, and the prepared hydrophilic polyurethane sponge does not need to be added with auxiliaries such as amines, tin, silicone oil, filler and the like, is nontoxic, environment-friendly and safe, has low swelling rate, high water absorption rate and excellent toughness and rebound resilience, and can be applied to the medical field.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing polyether polyol X and hydrophilic polymer polyol Y, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing at 120 ℃ for dehydration until the moisture is less than 0.05%, then cooling to 40-50 ℃, adding modified MDI Z, replacing with nitrogen for three times, keeping 65-75 ℃, and reacting for 2-3 hours under the condition of 0.01-0.05MPa to prepare a prepolymer, namely a component A;
(2) Weighing deionized water and the surfactant according to the amount of the surfactant which is 1.1-3.2% of the mass of the deionized water, uniformly stirring at 35-70 ℃, and cooling to 25 ℃ to obtain a component B;
(3) According to the component A: weighing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 1-1;
the using amount of the polyether polyol X in the step (1) is 60-90 parts by weight;
the dosage of the hydrophilic polymer polyol Y in the step (1) is 10-40 parts by weight, the basic polyether polyol in the hydrophilic polymer polyol Y has the functionality of 3-6, the number average molecular weight of 5000, the hydroxyl value of 21-68mgKOH/g, the unsaturation degree is less than 0.05mmol/g, the weight percentage of the ethylene oxide content in the molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 60 percent, and the secondary hydroxyl content is 20 percent
Further, the hydrophilic polymer polyol Y in the step (1) has a hydroxyl value of 32 to 53mgKOH/g, a solid content of 20 to 39%, a viscosity of 2500 to 8000mPa.S/25 ℃, and a residual monomer content of < 5ppm.
Further, in the step (1), the functionality of the polyether polyol X is 1.5-2.5, the hydroxyl value is 21-70mgKOH/g, the number average molecular weight is 2000-4000, the content of ethylene oxide accounts for 60-75% of the weight of the polyether polyol X, the content of primary hydroxyl is 50-85%, and the unsaturation degree is less than 0.05mmol/g.
Further, in the step (3), the material temperature of the component A is 35-45 ℃, and the material temperature of the component B is 25-35 ℃.
Further, the modified MDI in said step (1) was obtained by mixing 47% by mass of MDI-50, 39% by mass of carbodiimide-modified 4, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 10% by mass of trimethyl-1, 6-methylene diisocyanate, 4% by mass of tetramethylm-xylylene diisocyanate, and its NCO% was 32.66%.
Further, the NCO% of the prepolymer obtained in the step (1) is 7-14%, and the viscosity is 5500-15000mPa.s/25 ℃.
Further, in the step (2), the surfactant is polypropylene glycol block polyether, the molecular weight of the polypropylene glycol block polyether is 2200 to 8400, the cloud point of a1 percent aqueous solution is more than 50 ℃, the secondary hydroxyl content is 20 to 100 percent, and the HLB value is more than 12.
Further, the initiator of the polyether polyol X in the step (1) is a mixed initiator consisting of two of C8 alcohol, C10 alcohol, C12 alcohol, C14 alcohol, C16 alcohol, C18 alcohol, C8-10 alcohol, C8-14 alcohol, C12-18 alcohol, C14-16 alcohol, C16-18 alcohol, C18-16 alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and trihydroxypropane.
Further, the stirring time in the step (2) is 5 to 10 minutes.
Further, the time for the rapid stirring in the step (3) is 10 seconds.
The invention also provides a hydrophilic polyurethane sponge prepared by the method.
The invention further provides the application of the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge in medical treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention does not need to add water-absorbing filler in the formula system.
2. The hydrophilic polyurethane sponge structure prepared by the invention contains a large amount of hydrophilic groups, but the sponge still has excellent physical properties.
3. The invention does not need to add auxiliary agents such as amines, tin, silicone oil and the like, and the prepared hydrophilic polyurethane sponge is nontoxic, environment-friendly and safe, and has low swelling rate and high water absorption rate. Is very suitable for medical dressings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
The polyether polyol X and hydrophilic polymer polyol used in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-6 are given in the following table:
the indexes of the surfactants used in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are as follows:
example 1
(1) Weighing 180g of polyether polyol X and 120g of hydrophilic polymer polyol Y, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing and dehydrating at 120 ℃ until the moisture is less than 0.05%, then cooling to 40 ℃, adding 270g of modified MDI Z, replacing with nitrogen for three times, keeping 65 ℃ and reacting for 2 hours under the condition of 0.01MPa to obtain a prepolymer with the viscosity of 15000mPa.S/25 ℃ and NCO% =14, namely a component A1;
(2) Weighing 2000g of deionized water and 64g of surfactant, stirring for 5 minutes at 35 ℃, and cooling to 25 ℃ to obtain a component B1;
(3) Weighing 200g of the component A1 and 1400g of the component B1, stirring for 10S, pouring into a container for foaming, and placing the prepared hydrophilic polyurethane sponge in an oven with flowing nitrogen at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge No. 1.
Example 2
(1) Weighing 270g of polyether polyol X and 30g of hydrophilic polymer polyol Y, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing and dehydrating at 120 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.05%, then cooling to 45 ℃, adding 128.37g of modified MDI Z, replacing with nitrogen for three times, keeping 70 ℃, and reacting for 2.5 hours under the condition of 0.05MPa to obtain a prepolymer with the viscosity of 5500mPa.S/25 ℃ and NCO% =7%, namely a component A2;
(2) Weighing 300g of deionized water and 3.3g of surfactant, stirring for 8 minutes at 55 ℃, and cooling to 25 ℃ to obtain a component B2;
(3) Weighing 200g of the component A2 and 200g of the component B2, stirring for 10S, pouring into a container for foaming, and placing the prepared hydrophilic polyurethane sponge in an oven with flowing nitrogen at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge No. 2.
Example 3
(1) Weighing 225g of polyether polyol X and 75g of hydrophilic polymer polyol Y, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing and dehydrating at 120 ℃ until the moisture is less than 0.05%, then cooling to 40 ℃, adding 178.47g of modified MDI Z, replacing with nitrogen for three times, keeping 75 ℃ and reacting for 3 hours under the condition of 0.03MPa to obtain a prepolymer with the viscosity of 10250mPa.S/25 ℃ and NCO% =10.5%, namely a component A3;
(2) Weighing 1000g of deionized water and 21.5g of surfactant, stirring for 10 minutes at 70 ℃, and cooling to 25 ℃ to obtain a component B3;
(3) Weighing 200g of the component A3 and 800g of the component B3, stirring for 10S, pouring into a container for foaming, and placing the prepared hydrophilic polyurethane sponge in an oven with flowing nitrogen at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge No. 3.
Comparative examples 1 to 3
Examples 1-3, step (1) and step (2) were repeated to prepare A1-A3 and B1-B3, respectively, and then foaming was performed according to step (3), except that a polyacrylamide filler was added in an amount of 10% by weight of component A in step (3), and the obtained polyurethane sponges were labeled 4#, 5#, and 6#, respectively. The mixture ratio is as follows:
| 4# | 5# | 6# | |
| a component (g) | 200 | 200 | 200 |
| B component (g) | 1400 | 200 | 800 |
| Polyacrylamide (g) | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| NCO％ | 14％ | 7％ | 10.5％ |
| Viscosity (mPa. S/25 ℃ C.) | 15000 | 5500 | 10250 |
Comparative examples 4 to 6
The same polyether polyol X and hydrophilic polymer polyol as in the examples of the present invention and the modified MDI as in the present invention were used for isocyanate, the foaming experiments were performed according to the following formula, and the obtained sponges were labeled as 7#, 8#, and 9#:
note: the isocyanate indexes in the foaming formula are all 1
Comparative example 7
JQ-3645 has 39% solid content and 4500mPa.s/25 ℃ viscosity, and is purchased from Nanjing Jinxiu chemical group Co., ltd.
(1) Weighing 180g of polyether polyol X and 120g of polymer polyol JQ-3645, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing and dehydrating at 120 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.05%, then cooling to 40 ℃, adding 225.58g of modified MDI Z, replacing with nitrogen for three times, keeping the temperature at 65 ℃ and reacting for 2 hours under the condition of 0.01MPa to obtain a prepolymer with the viscosity of 8471mPa.s/25 ℃ and NCO% =14, namely a component A1;
(2) Weighing 2000g of deionized water and 64g of surfactant, stirring for 5 minutes at 35 ℃, and cooling to 25 ℃ to obtain a component B1;
(3) Weighing 200g of the component A1 and 1400g of the component B1, stirring for 10S, pouring into a container for foaming, and placing the prepared hydrophilic polyurethane sponge in an oven with flowing nitrogen at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge No. 10.
Comparative example 8
(1) Weighing 300g of polyether polyol X, vacuumizing and dehydrating at 120 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.05%, then cooling to 40 ℃, adding 232g of modified MDI Z, replacing with nitrogen for three times, keeping the temperature at 65 ℃ and reacting for 2 hours under the condition of 0.01MPa to obtain a prepolymer with the viscosity of 6902mPa.S/25 ℃ and NCO% =14, namely a component A1;
(2) Weighing 2000g of deionized water and 64g of surfactant, stirring for 5 minutes at 35 ℃, and then cooling to 25 ℃ to obtain a component B1;
(3) Weighing 200g of the component A1 and 1400g of the component B1, stirring for 10S, pouring into a container for foaming, and placing the prepared hydrophilic polyurethane sponge in an oven with flowing nitrogen at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge No. 11.
The comparison method comprises the following steps:
(1) The density of the sponge was determined according to GB/T6343-2009.
(2) The mechanical properties were determined according to GB/T6343-2009.
(3) And (3) swelling ratio determination: cutting hydrophilic polyurethane sponge into 50mm × 50mm × 10mm size, calculating volume as V0, immersing in water, repeatedly squeezing for 3 times, taking out, measuring size, calculating volume as V1, swelling ratio = (V1-V0)/V0
(4) And (3) water absorption measurement: cutting the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge into the dimensions of 50mm multiplied by 10mm, and accurately weighing the mass m of the polyurethane soft foam material by an electronic balance 0 Then submerging the foam in water for 30min, taking out the foam, suspending the foam for 1min, and weighing the foam with mass m 1 Water absorption rate =(m 1 -m 0)/ m 0 。
(5) And (3) hydrophilic filler precipitation determination: cutting the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge into the dimensions of 50mm multiplied by 10mm, and accurately weighing the mass m of the polyurethane soft foam material by an electronic balance 0 Then submerging it in water for 30min, taking out, suspending the foam for 1min, and weighing the mass m 1 Water absorption multiplying factor N 1 ＝(m 1 -m 0)/ m 0 . Squeezing water in the sponge, drying in a 80 deg.C oven with nitrogen circulation, repeating the above steps for 4 times, and recording the water absorption rate as N 2 、N 3 、N 4 、N 5 。
(6) And (3) swelling ratio determination: cutting polyurethane foam into 50mm × 50mm × 10mm size, calculating volume as V0, submerging in water, repeatedly squeezing for 5 times, taking out, measuring size, calculating volume as V1, swelling ratio = (V1-V0)/V0
Table 1 shows a comparison between examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3, and the effect of the hydrophilic filler on the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic sponge was examined.
As can be seen from Table 1, the hydrophilic filler added into the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge can obviously improve the hydrophilicity of the sponge, but after a plurality of experiments, the hydrophilic filler is separated out from the sponge body and dissolved in water, the hydrophilicity of the sponge is gradually reduced, and finally the hydrophilicity is the same as that of the sponge prepared without the hydrophilic filler.
Table 2 shows the comparison between examples 1-3 and comparative examples 4-6, and the effect of different preparation methods on the physical properties of the hydrophilic sponges was examined.
As can be seen from Table 2, the swelling ratio and the water absorption rate of the hydrophilic polyurethane sponges prepared by different methods are not greatly different, but the physical properties are greatly different. The hydrophilic polyurethane sponge prepared by the scheme provided by the invention has lower swelling ratio and water absorption rate and also has excellent physical properties.
Table 3 shows the effect of the absence of the hydrophilic polymer polyol on the swelling ratio and water absorption capacity of the sponge prepared in example 1, as compared with comparative examples 7 and 8.
As can be seen from Table 2, the sponge prepared using the conventional polymer polyol has a poor water absorption capacity although the swelling ratio is similar to that of example 1. The water absorption rate of the sponge prepared without using the hydrophilic polymer polyol is similar to that of the sponge prepared in the embodiment, but the swelling ratio of the sponge is obviously improved. The hydrophilic polyurethane sponge prepared by using the hydrophilic polymer polyol has low swelling ratio, high water absorption rate and excellent physical properties.
The hydrophilic polyurethane sponge prepared according to the invention can be applied to the medical field and meets the requirements of medical dressings.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned contents only illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that several modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a hydrophilic polyurethane sponge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Weighing polyether polyol X and hydrophilic polymer polyol Y, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing at 120 ℃ for dehydration until the moisture is less than 0.05%, then cooling to 40-50 ℃, adding modified MDI Z, replacing with nitrogen for three times, keeping 65-75 ℃, and reacting for 2-3 hours under the condition of 0.01-0.05MPa to prepare a prepolymer, namely a component A;
(2) Weighing deionized water and the surfactant according to the amount of the surfactant which is 1.1-3.2% of the mass of the deionized water, uniformly stirring at 35-70 ℃, and cooling to 25 ℃ to obtain a component B;
(3) According to the component A: weighing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 1;
the using amount of the polyether polyol X in the step (1) is 60-90 parts by weight;
the using amount of the hydrophilic polymer polyol Y in the step (1) is 10-40 parts by weight, the basic polyether polyol in the hydrophilic polymer polyol Y has a functionality of 3-6, a number average molecular weight of 5000, a hydroxyl value of 21-68mgKOH/g, an unsaturation degree of less than 0.05mmol/g, an ethylene oxide content of 60% by weight based on the molecular weight of the polyether polyol, and a secondary hydroxyl content of 20%.
2. The method for preparing a hydrophilic polyurethane sponge according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic polymer polyol Y in the step (1) has a hydroxyl value of 32 to 53mgKOH/g, a solid content of 20 to 39%, a viscosity of 2500 to 8000mPa.S/25 ℃, and a residual monomer content of < 5ppm.
3. The method for preparing a hydrophilic polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), the polyether polyol X has a functionality of 1.5-2.5, a hydroxyl value of 21-70mgKOH/g, a number average molecular weight of 2000-4000, an ethylene oxide content of 60-75 wt% based on the molecular weight of the polyether polyol X, a primary hydroxyl group content of 50-85 wt%, and an unsaturation degree of < 0.05mmol/g.
4. The method for preparing a hydrophilic polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of component A in step (3) is 35-45 ℃, the temperature of component B is 25-35 ℃, and the time for rapid stirring in step (3) is 10 seconds.
5. The method for preparing a hydrophilic polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified MDI in step (1) is prepared by mixing 47% by mass of MDI-50, 39% by mass of carbodiimide-modified 4, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 10% by mass of trimethyl-1, 6-methylene diisocyanate, and 4% by mass of tetramethyl-m-xylylene diisocyanate, and the NCO% is 32.66%.
6. The method for preparing the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the prepolymer obtained in the step (1) has NCO% of 7-14% and viscosity of 5500-15000mPa.s/25 ℃.
7. The method for preparing hydrophilic polyurethane sponge according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant in step (2) is polypropylene glycol block polyether with molecular weight of 2200-8400,1% cloud point of aqueous solution > 50 ℃, secondary hydroxyl content of 20-100%, HLB value > 12, and stirring time in step (2) is 5-10 min.
8. The method for preparing a hydrophilic polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initiator of polyether polyol X in step (1) is a mixed initiator consisting of two of C8 alcohol, C10 alcohol, C12 alcohol, C14 alcohol, C16 alcohol, C18 alcohol, C8-10 alcohol, C8-14 alcohol, C12-18 alcohol, C14-16 alcohol, C16-18 alcohol, C18-16 alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and trimethylolpropane.
9. A hydrophilic polyurethane sponge prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. The application of the hydrophilic polyurethane sponge in medical treatment.
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