CN115194023B - Convex-concave die clearance control method based on stamping die - Google Patents

Convex-concave die clearance control method based on stamping die Download PDF

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CN115194023B
CN115194023B CN202210865858.9A CN202210865858A CN115194023B CN 115194023 B CN115194023 B CN 115194023B CN 202210865858 A CN202210865858 A CN 202210865858A CN 115194023 B CN115194023 B CN 115194023B
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die
preset
precision
control module
gap
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CN115194023A (en
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应君阳
杨冕
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Zhejiang Weiluode Mould Co ltd
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Zhejiang Weiluode Mould Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/10Die sets; Pillar guides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C51/00Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/04Movable or exchangeable mountings for tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D45/00Ejecting or stripping-off devices arranged in machines or tools dealt with in this subclass
    • B21D45/02Ejecting devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D55/00Safety devices protecting the machine or the operator, specially adapted for apparatus or machines dealt with in this subclass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Punching Or Piercing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a stamping die-based clearance control method for a convex-concave die, which comprises the following steps that S1, a self-learning module obtains a convex-concave die clearance standard value according to the thickness of a material to be stamped, a stamping die stamps a sample according to the convex-concave die clearance standard value, the self-learning module obtains the stamping precision of the stamped material of the sample, and the precision of the stamped sample meets a preset standard by adjusting the clearance of the convex-concave die; s2, conveying the material to be punched to a punching die by a feeding device for punching, acquiring the precision of the punched material by a central control module, comparing the acquired precision with a preset precision, and judging by the central control module to adjust the gap between a convex die and a concave die; and S3, the accuracy obtained by the central control module meets a preset standard, the central control module obtains the uniformity of the punched material, and the central control module adjusts the gaps between the convex parts and the concave parts of each region according to the accuracy of the punched material of each region so as to enable the punching die to meet the preset standard.

Description

Convex-concave die clearance control method based on stamping die
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of clearance control of a concave-convex die, in particular to a clearance control method of the concave-convex die based on a stamping die.
Background
The stamping process is a production technology for obtaining product parts with certain shape, size and performance by directly applying deformation force to a plate in a die by means of the power of conventional or special stamping equipment and deforming the plate. The plate, the die and the equipment are three elements of stamping processing. Stamping is a cold metal deformation process. The method is one of the main methods for metal plastic processing (or pressure processing), when a material is subjected to stamping processing, the size of the gap between a male die and a female die of a stamping die directly influences the processing quality of the material and the service life of the die, so that the gap between the male die and the female die is particularly important in the installation and use processes of the stamping die, and when the gap between the male die and the female die is not well adjusted during installation or processing, the gap is not adaptive, and even unqualified products are stamped.
Chinese patent ZL201910601407.2 discloses a stamping die capable of automatically adjusting a gap distance and an adjusting method thereof, and particularly discloses a device capable of automatically adjusting a gap between a concave and a convex die, and a method for acquiring the gap between the concave and the convex die by using a sensor to adjust the gap to a preset standard is provided, but the gap is not controlled according to the stamping effect of a stamping material, and the processing quality of the stamped material cannot be controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a convex-concave die clearance control method based on a stamping die, which can solve the technical problem that the convex-concave die clearance cannot be controlled according to the precision of a stamped material so that the precision of the stamped material meets a preset standard.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for controlling clearance between a male and a female dies based on a stamping die, comprising:
the method comprises the following steps that S1, a self-learning module obtains a convex-concave die gap standard value according to the thickness of a material to be punched, a punching die punches a sample according to the convex-concave gap standard value, the self-learning module obtains the punching precision of the punched material of the sample, the convex-concave die gap is adjusted so that the precision of the punched sample meets a preset standard, and the punching precision is calculated according to the size of a hole site of the punched material, the burr height and the flatness;
s2, conveying a material to be punched to the punching die by the feeding device for punching, acquiring the precision of the punched material by the central control module after a first preset time, and comparing the acquired precision with a preset precision, wherein when the acquired precision of the central control module does not accord with a preset standard, the central control module judges that the gap between the convex die and the concave die is adjusted;
and S3, when the precision acquired by the central control module meets a preset standard, the central control module acquires the uniformity of the punched material, if the uniformity of the punched material meets the preset standard, the central control module judges that the current punching die meets the preset standard, and if the uniformity of the punched material does not meet the preset standard, the central control module adjusts the clearance between the convex part and the notch of each region according to the precision of the punched material of each region so as to enable the punching die to meet the preset standard, wherein the punching uniformity is calculated according to the punching precision of each hole position.
Further, in the step S1, the self-learning module selects a clearance between a male and a female dies of the stamping die according to the comparison between the thickness D of the material to be stamped and a preset thickness D, wherein,
when D is less than D1, the self-learning module selects a first preset gap s1 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
when D1 is not more than D and less than D2, the self-learning module selects a second preset gap s2 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
when D2 is larger than or equal to D3, the self-learning module selects a third preset gap s3 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
when D is larger than D3, the self-learning module selects a fourth preset gap s4 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
the self-learning module is used for presetting a thickness D, setting a first preset thickness D1, a second preset thickness D2 and a third preset thickness D3, presetting a gap s, setting a first preset gap s1, a second preset gap s2, a third preset gap s3 and a fourth preset gap s4.
Further, the stamping precision u is calculated according to the size of the punched material hole, the burr height and the flatness, and u = (1 + (c-c 0)/c 0) × (1 + (h-h 0)/h 0) × (1 + (g-g 0)/g 0) is set, wherein c is the size of the punched material hole diameter, c0 is a preset hole diameter size standard value of the self-learning module, h is the burr height of the stamped material, c0 is the preset burr height of the self-learning module, g is the flatness of the stamped material, and g0 is a preset flatness standard value of the self-learning module.
Further, the self-learning module is used for presetting a precision U, comparing the stamping precision U of the sample with the preset precision and adjusting the selected convex-concave die clearance sj of the stamping die, wherein,
when U is less than or equal to U1, the self-learning module reduces the stamping die convex-concave die gaps sj to sj1, and sj1= sj x (1- (U1-U)/U1);
when U1 is more than U and less than U2, the self-learning module does not adjust the clearance between the convex-concave die and the concave die of the stamping die;
when U is larger than or equal to U2, the self-learning module enlarges the clearance sj to sj2 of the convex-concave die of the stamping die, and sets sj2= sj x (1 + (U-U2)/U2);
the self-learning module presets a precision U, and sets a first preset precision U1 and a second preset precision U2, j =1,2,3,4.
Further, in the step S2, the central control module obtains the precision U 'of the punched material for spot inspection and compares the precision U' with a preset precision standard value U0, and determines whether the precision of the punched material meets the preset standard, wherein,
when U' is more than or equal to U0, the central control module judges that the precision of the punched material meets the preset standard, and the central control module judges whether the punching die meets the preset standard according to the obtained uniformity of the punched material;
and when U' is less than U0, the central control module judges that the material precision after stamping does not meet the preset standard, and the central control module adjusts the clearance between the male die and the female die according to the obtained weight difference of the waste material within the preset detection time delta t.
Further, the central control module acquires that the precision of the punched material is greater than or equal to a preset precision standard value after the sampling inspection, compares the uniformity Y of the punched material acquired by the central control module with a preset uniformity standard value Y0, and judges whether the punching die meets the preset standard, wherein,
when Y is less than or equal to Y0, the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material meets a preset standard;
and when Y is larger than Y0, the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material does not accord with a preset standard.
Furthermore, the stamping die comprises a height adjusting mechanism for controlling the clearance between the female die and the male die, the height adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of height adjusting units for adjusting the clearance between the female die and the male die in each area of the stamping die, wherein the first height adjusting unit is used for controlling the clearance between each notch and each protrusion in the first area of the stamping die, the second height adjusting unit is used for controlling the clearance between each notch and each protrusion in the second area of the stamping dieThe uniformity y of the material was obtained for each region, and y = ((u 1-u 0) 2 +(u2-u0) 2 +...+(un-u0) 2 ) Where u1 is the precision of the punched material of the first region, u2 is the precision of the punched material of the second region ·.
Further, when the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material does not meet the preset standard, the central control module adjusts the gap between the male die and the female die in the current region according to the comparison between the difference between the precision ui of the punched material in each region and the average precision u0 of the punched material and the preset difference,
when ui-u0 ≦ Δ u1, the central control module decides to expand the bump and notch gap sjpi of the i-th region to sjpi1, setting sjpi1= sjpi × (1 + (Δu1-ui + u 0)/. DELTA.u 1);
when delta u1 is more than ui-u0 and less than delta u2, the central control module judges that the convex part and the concave part gap of the ith area are not adjusted;
when ui-u0 ≧ Δ u2, the central control module determines to narrow the bulge and notch gap sjpi of the ith region to sjpi2, set sjpi2= sjpi x (1- (ui-u 0- Δ u 2)/Δu 2);
the central control module presets a difference value delta u, and sets a first preset difference value delta u1 and a second preset difference value delta u2, wherein p =1,2, i =1,2.
Further, when the central control module determines to adjust the gaps between the notches and the convex parts in the e-th area, the central control module obtains the difference value ratio between the gaps between the convex parts and the concave parts in the adjacent areas after adjustment and the gaps between the convex parts and the concave parts in the e-th area, and adjusts the gaps between the notches and the convex parts in the e-th area, wherein,
when (1 + (s (e-1) -se)/se)/(1 + (se-s (e + 1))/s (e + 1)) ≦ L1, the central control module determines to reduce the e-th zone relief and notch gap se to se1, setting se1= se x (1- (L1- (1 + (s (e-1) -se)/se)/(1 + (se-s (e + 1))/s (e + 1)))/L1);
when L1 < (1 + (s (e-1) -se)/se)/(1 + (se-s (e + 1))/s (e + 1)) < L2, the central control module does not adjust the gap between the notch and the bulge of the current area;
when (1 + (s (e-1) -se)/se)/(1 + (se-s (e + 1))/s (e + 1))) is more than or equal to L2, the central control module judges that the e-th region bump and the notch gap se to se2 are enlarged, and se2= se x (1 + ((1 + (s (e-1) -se)/se)/(1 + (se-s (e + 1))/s (e + 1)) -L2)/L2) is set;
the central control module is used for presetting a ratio L, and setting a first preset ratio L1 and a second preset ratio L2, wherein e =1,2. (n-1).
Furthermore, a scrap removing mechanism used for removing the scrap in the convex part of the male die and the concave part matched with the convex part is arranged on the male die of the stamping die, when the material precision obtained by the central control module after sampling inspection stamping is smaller than a preset precision standard value, the central control module compares the weight difference Deltam of the scrap removed by the scrap removing mechanism in the preset detection time Deltat with a preset weight difference M to adjust the clearance between the convex die and the concave die, wherein,
when the delta M is less than or equal to M1, the central control module judges that the chip removing angle of the chip removing mechanism is increased;
when M1 is smaller than Δ M and smaller than M2, the central control module judges that the gap between the male die and the female die is reduced;
when the delta M is larger than or equal to M2, the central control module judges that the current stamping die is abnormal and gives a warning;
the central control module is used for presetting a weight difference M, setting a first preset weight difference M1 and a second preset weight difference M2.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that a self-learning module is arranged to obtain a punch-die gap standard value according to the thickness of a material to be punched, the punching die punches a sample according to the punch-die gap standard value, the self-learning module obtains the punching precision of the punched material of the sample, the punching precision of the punched sample meets a preset standard by adjusting the gap between the punch die and the die, a central control module obtains the precision of a randomly-detected punched material when the punched material is punched, and compares the obtained precision with the preset precision, wherein when the obtained precision of the central control module does not meet the preset standard, the central control module adjusts the punch-die gap according to the weight difference of waste materials within preset detection time delta t; when the precision obtained by the central control module meets a preset standard, the central control module obtains the uniformity of the punched material, if the uniformity of the punched material meets the preset standard, the central control module judges that the current punching die meets the preset standard, and if the uniformity of the punched material does not meet the preset standard, the central control module adjusts the clearance between the convex part and the notch of each region according to the precision of the punched material of each region, so that the punching die meets the preset standard.
Particularly, the thickness of the punched material is divided into three standards, and the thickness of the punched material is compared with the three standard values of the preset thickness, so that the optimal reference value of the clearance between the convex and the concave of the punching die is obtained.
Particularly, the precision of the punched material is comprehensively evaluated according to the aperture size, burr height and planeness of the punched material, inaccurate acquisition of the precision of the punched material caused by the fact that any parameter does not accord with a standard is avoided, meanwhile, the precision is arranged in the self-learning module, the precision is divided into two standards, the self-learning module compares the precision of the acquired sample with a preset precision, and adjusts the gap selected by the self-learning module according to the thickness of the punched material, wherein when the precision of the sample acquired by the self-learning module is smaller than or equal to a first preset precision, the selected gap is wider, the self-learning module shortens the gap of the convex-concave die by taking the difference of the acquired precision and the first preset precision as a reference, when the precision of the sample acquired by the self-learning module is between the first preset precision and a second preset precision, the fact that the precision of the punched sample meets the preset standard is shown, the self-learning module judges that the gap of the convex-concave die is not to be adjusted, when the precision of the sample acquired by the self-learning module is larger than or equal to the second preset precision, the condition that the punching precision of the punching of the convex die is too high, the punching precision is shown, the life of the punched material is prolonged, and the damaged of the concave die is guaranteed.
Particularly, the invention performs sampling quality inspection on the punched material, and compares the precision of the sampled and punched material with a preset precision standard value to judge a quality inspection result, wherein when the precision of the sampled and punched material is greater than or equal to the preset precision standard value, the precision of the current punched material meets the preset standard, the central control module further judges whether a punching die meets the preset standard according to the uniformity of the current sampled material, and when the precision of the sampled and punched material is less than the preset precision standard value, the precision of the current punched material does not meet the preset standard, the central control module adjusts the clearance between the male die and the female die so as to enable the precision of the punched material to meet the preset standard.
Particularly, the invention is provided with a plurality of height adjusting units for controlling the clearance between a convex die and a concave die in each area of a stamping die, and the uniformity of the stamped material is obtained according to the precision of each area, meanwhile, a control module in the invention is provided with a uniformity standard value, the control module compares the uniformity of the material obtained by sampling quality inspection with a preset uniformity standard value, and evaluates whether the stamping die meets the preset standard, wherein the uniformity of the material obtained by the control module is less than or equal to the preset uniformity standard value, the uniformity accords with the preset standard in combination with the precision of the material obtained by sampling quality inspection, the uniformity also accords with the preset standard, the control module judges that the parameter settings of the stamping die all meet the preset standard, the control module obtains that the uniformity of the material obtained by sampling quality inspection is greater than the preset standard value, the uniformity value does not accord with the preset standard in combination with the premise that the warning clothes of the material of sampling quality inspection accords with the preset uniformity, the control module judges that the parameter settings of the current stamping die do not accord with the preset standard, and the material processing technology does not accord with the preset standard in the product quality after the past.
Particularly, the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material does not accord with a preset standard, compares the difference between the material precision of the punched material and the average value of the material precision of the punched material of each region divided by the control region of each height adjusting unit according to a concave-convex die in the punching die with a preset difference to adjust the clearance between the concave-convex die of each region so that the uniformity of the next punched material accords with the standard, wherein the difference between the material precision of the punched material of the current region and the average value of the material precision of the punched material obtained by the central control module is less than or equal to the first preset difference, which indicates that the precision of the current region is too low, the central control module judges that the clearance between a convex die and a concave die of the current region is enlarged so as to improve the precision of the punched material of the current region, the difference between the material precision of the punched material of the current region and the average value of the material precision of the punched material obtained by the central control module is between the first preset difference and the second preset difference, which indicates that the precision of the material of the punched material of the current region does not greatly influence the precision of the punch die on the material of the punched material, the punching material of the current region is reduced by the central control module, and the central control module, so that the material of the clearance of the punched material of the punched region meets the preset standard.
Particularly, when the central control module judges that the convex-concave die clearance of the female die in the current region is adjusted, the central control module is used for evaluating the gap difference between adjacent regions according to the ratio of the difference between the convex-concave die clearance of the adjacent regions and the convex-concave die clearance of the current region, so as to avoid the situation that the gap difference between the regions of the stamping die is not balanced, influence on the uniformity of the stamped material and damage to the stamping die are caused, wherein the adjacent regions are a previous region and a next region which are adjacent to the current region, the ratio of the difference between the adjacent convex-concave die clearance is specifically the ratio of the difference between the previous region and the current region and the difference between the current region and the next region, the acquisition ratio of the central control module is smaller than or equal to a first preset ratio, which indicates that the gap between the current region and the previous region and the next region is slightly larger than the gap between the current region, the central control module judges that the gap between the convex-concave die clearance of the current region is slightly smaller than the first preset ratio, which indicates that the gap between the current region and the next region is slightly larger than the gap, and the central control module obtains the gap between the current region and the current region, and the central control module.
Particularly, the invention is provided with a scrap removing mechanism for removing the waste on each concave-convex opening, the central control module adjusts relevant parameters according to the weight difference of the waste obtained in the preset detection time so as to enable the precision of the punched material to accord with the preset standard, wherein the weight difference of the waste obtained by the central control module is smaller than or equal to a first preset weight difference, which indicates that the waste generated by punching of a punching die is insufficient in the detection time, and the reason of the condition is that the scrap removing angle of the scrap removing mechanism is poor, so that the waste left in the concave-convex opening and the punched material is low, therefore, the central control module determines that the scrap removing angle of the scrap removing mechanism is increased so as to enable the waste left in the concave-convex opening and the punched material to be completely removed, the weight difference of the waste obtained by the central control module is smaller than or equal to the first preset weight difference, which indicates that the waste generated by punching of the punching die accords with the preset standard in the detection time, the central control module determines that the gap between the concave-convex opening and the concave die is reduced so as to improve the precision of the next punched material, the waste obtained by the weight difference of the waste obtained by the central control module is larger than or more than the second preset weight difference, and indicates that the punching die is abnormal maintenance time, and the punching die is required for maintaining the abnormal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stamping system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stamping die according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for controlling clearance between a male and a female dies based on a stamping die according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a stamped material according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the division of material regions after stamping according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip removing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stamping system according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a feeding device 1 for conveying a material to be stamped; the stamping die 2 is used for stamping the material to be stamped, which is conveyed by the feeding device; discharging device 3 for convey the material after will processing to next process, wherein, discharging device is including the fixture that is used for centre gripping material after the punching press and the discharge mechanism of conveying material after the punching press, wherein, fixture includes first gyro wheel and sets up the second gyro wheel in first gyro wheel top, first gyro wheel and second gyro wheel syntropy motion convey the material after the punching press to discharging mechanism, discharge mechanism includes first drive wheel, the second drive wheel and sets up the belt between first drive wheel and second drive wheel, wherein, first drive wheel below is provided with first connecting shaft and the first motor of the flexible height of first connecting shaft of control, the flexible height of first connecting shaft of first motor control, and then the height of control first drive wheel, realize the adjustment to material ejection of compact angle after the punching press.
Referring to fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a stamping die according to an embodiment of the present invention, the stamping device includes a female die 23 disposed above a supporting frame 24, and a male die 22 disposed above the female die, the male die is provided with a plurality of protrusions 221 matching with each notch 222 of the female die, and a driving member 21 is disposed above the male die for driving the male die to move.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a method for controlling clearance between a male and a female dies based on a stamping die according to an embodiment of the invention includes,
the method comprises the following steps that S1, a self-learning module obtains a clearance standard value of a male die and a female die according to the thickness of a material to be punched, a punching die punches a sample according to the clearance standard value of the male die and the female die, the self-learning module obtains the punching precision of the punched material of the sample, the clearance of the male die and the female die is adjusted so that the precision of the punched sample meets a preset standard, and the punching precision is calculated according to the size of a hole position of the punched material, the burr height and the planeness;
s2, conveying a material to be stamped to the stamping die by the feeding device for stamping, and after a first preset time, acquiring the precision of the stamped material by the central control module, and comparing the acquired precision with the preset precision, wherein when the acquired precision of the central control module does not accord with a preset standard, the central control module judges that the clearance between the convex die and the concave die is adjusted;
and S3, when the precision acquired by the central control module meets a preset standard, the central control module acquires the uniformity of the punched material, if the uniformity of the punched material meets the preset standard, the central control module judges that the current punching die meets the preset standard, and if the uniformity of the punched material does not meet the preset standard, the central control module adjusts the gaps between the convex parts and the concave parts of each region according to the precision of the punched material of each region so as to enable the punching die to meet the preset standard, wherein the punching uniformity is calculated according to the punching precision of each hole position.
Specifically, in the step S1, the self-learning module selects a gap between a male die and a female die of the stamping die according to a comparison between a thickness D of the material to be stamped and a preset thickness D, wherein,
when D is smaller than D1, the self-learning module selects a first preset gap s1 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
when D1 is more than or equal to D and less than D2, the self-learning module selects a second preset gap s2 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
when D2 is larger than or equal to D3, the self-learning module selects a third preset gap s3 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
when D is larger than D3, the self-learning module selects a fourth preset gap s4 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
the self-learning module presets a thickness D, sets a first preset thickness D1, a second preset thickness D2 and a third preset thickness D3, presets a gap s, and sets a first preset gap s1, a second preset gap s2, a third preset gap s3 and a fourth preset gap s4.
Specifically, the thickness of the punched material is divided into three standards, and the thickness of the punched material is compared with the three standards of the preset thickness, so that the optimal reference value of the clearance between the convex and the concave of the punching die is obtained.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the preset thickness of the punched material as long as it can classify the punched material and select the value of the punch gap of the punch mold, and provides a preferred embodiment that the first preset thickness is 0.8-1mm, the second preset thickness is 2.7-3.5mm, and the third preset thickness is 4.6-5.2 mm, and the first preset gap is set to 6-8 d, i.e., 6-8% of the thickness of the punched material, according to the above thickness self-learning module, the self-learning module is set to 11-17 d, i.e., 11-17% of the thickness of the punched material, the third preset gap is set to 17-25 d, i.e., 17-25% of the thickness of the punched material, and the fourth preset gap is set to 25-30% of the self-learning module, i.e., 25-30% of the thickness of the punched material.
The stamping precision u is calculated according to the size of a stamped material hole site, the burr height and the flatness, and u = (1 + (c-c 0)/c 0) × (1 + (h-h 0)/h 0) × (1 + (g-g 0)/g 0) is set, wherein c is the punched material hole diameter size, c0 is a self-learning module preset hole diameter size standard value, h is the stamped material burr height, c0 is a self-learning module preset burr height standard value, g is the stamped material flatness, and g0 is a self-learning module preset flatness standard value.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the aperture size of the punched material is the aperture of each hole position of the punched material, the burr height of the punched material is the length of a burr belt generated on each hole position, and the flatness of the punched material is the deviation of a concave-convex plane formed after the material is punched.
Specifically, the self-learning module is used for presetting a precision U, comparing the stamping precision U of the sample with the preset precision, and adjusting the selected convex-concave die clearance sj of the stamping die, wherein,
when U is less than or equal to U1, the self-learning module reduces the stamping die convex-concave die gaps sj to sj1, and sj1= sj x (1- (U1-U)/U1);
when U1 is more than U and less than U2, the self-learning module does not adjust the clearance between the convex-concave die and the concave die of the stamping die;
when U is larger than or equal to U2, the self-learning module enlarges the clearance sj to sj2 of the convex-concave die of the stamping die, and sets sj2= sj x (1 + (U-U2)/U2);
the self-learning module presets a precision U, and sets a first preset precision U1 and a second preset precision U2, j =1,2,3,4.
Specifically, the preset precision is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, as long as the precision of the stamped material can be evaluated, and the preset precision can be determined according to the standard value range of the burr height, the aperture range and the flatness range of the stamped material.
The method comprises the steps of comprehensively evaluating the precision of a punched material according to the aperture size, burr height and planeness of the punched material, avoiding inaccurate precision acquisition of the punched material due to the fact that any parameter does not accord with a standard, simultaneously setting the precision in a self-learning module, dividing the precision into two standards, comparing the precision of an acquired sample with a preset precision, and adjusting a gap selected by the self-learning module according to the thickness of the punched material, wherein when the precision of the sample acquired by the self-learning module is smaller than or equal to the first preset precision, the selected gap is wider, the self-learning module shortens the gap of a convex-concave die by taking the difference between the acquired precision and the first preset precision as a reference, when the precision of the sample acquired by the self-learning module is between the first preset precision and the second preset precision, the sample punching precision accords with the preset standard, the small self-learning module judges that the gap of the convex-concave die is not adjusted, when the precision of the sample acquired by the self-learning module is larger than or equal to the second preset precision, the sample punching precision is too high, the service life of the convex die is prolonged, the convex die is avoided, the gap is damaged due to the gap of the concave die, and the service life of the concave die is prolonged.
Please refer to fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a stamped material according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a plurality of hole sites, where the precision calculation object of the stamped material is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, as long as it can evaluate the precision of the stamped material, and the embodiment of the present invention provides a preferred implementation scheme, that is, the precision of each hole site of the stamped material is sequentially obtained, and the average value of the precision of each hole site is the precision of the stamped material, or a plurality of hole sites of the stamped material can be randomly selected, and the average value of the precision of the selected plurality of hole sites is the precision of the stamped material.
Specifically, in the step S2, the central control module obtains the precision U 'of the punched material for spot inspection and compares the precision U' with a preset precision standard value U0, and determines whether the precision of the punched material meets a preset standard, wherein,
when U' is more than or equal to U0, the central control module judges that the precision of the punched material meets the preset standard, and the central control module judges whether the punching die meets the preset standard according to the obtained uniformity of the punched material;
and when U' is less than U0, the central control module judges that the material precision after stamping does not accord with the preset standard, and the central control module adjusts the clearance between the male die and the female die according to the weight difference of the waste materials within the preset detection time delta t.
Specifically, the punched material is subjected to sampling quality inspection, and a quality inspection result is judged according to the comparison of the precision of the sampled and punched material and a preset precision standard value, wherein when the precision of the sampled and punched material is greater than or equal to the preset precision standard value, the precision of the current punched material meets the preset standard, the central control module further judges whether a punching die meets the preset standard according to the uniformity of the current sampled material, and when the precision of the sampled and punched material is less than the preset precision standard value, the precision of the current punched material does not meet the preset standard, the central control module adjusts the clearance between the male die and the female die so that the precision of the punched material meets the preset standard.
Wherein, the central control module acquires that the precision of the punched material is greater than or equal to a preset precision standard value after sampling inspection, the central control module acquires that the uniformity Y of the punched material is compared with a preset uniformity standard value Y0, and whether the punching die meets the preset standard or not is judged, wherein,
when Y is less than or equal to Y0, the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material meets a preset standard;
and when Y is larger than Y0, the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material does not meet the preset standard.
Specifically, the stamping die comprises a height adjusting mechanism for controlling the clearance between the female die and the male die, the height adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of height adjusting units for adjusting the clearance between the female die and the male die in each region of the stamping die, wherein the first height adjusting unit is used for controlling the clearance between each notch and each protrusion in the first region of the stamping die, the second height adjusting unit is used for controlling the clearance between each notch and each protrusion in the second region of the stamping die, the nth height adjusting unit is used for controlling the clearance between each notch and each protrusion in the nth region of the stamping die, the central control module acquires the uniformity y of the material according to the precision of each region of the punched material, and sets y = ((u 1-u 0) 2 +(u2-u0) 2 +...+(un-u0) 2 ) N, where u1 is the precision of the stamped material of the first region, u2 is the precision of the stamped material of the second region, un is the precision of the stamped material of the nth region, and u0 is the mean precision of the stamped materialsA value of u0= (u 1+ u2+. + un)/n is set.
Specifically, the invention is provided with a plurality of height adjusting units for controlling the clearance between a convex die and a concave die in each area of a stamping die, and the uniformity of a stamped material is obtained according to the precision of each area, meanwhile, a control module in the invention is provided with a uniformity standard value, the control module compares the uniformity of the material obtained by sampling quality inspection with a preset uniformity standard value, and evaluates whether the stamping die meets the preset standard, wherein the uniformity of the material obtained by the control module is less than or equal to the preset uniformity standard value, the uniformity of the material obtained by sampling quality inspection is in accordance with the preset standard in combination with the condition that the precision of the material obtained by sampling quality inspection is in accordance with the preset standard and the uniformity is in accordance with the preset standard, the control module judges that the parameter setting of the stamping die does not meet the preset standard in the past, the control module continues to use the material without meeting the preset standard in the past, and the product quality is affected.
Referring to fig. 2, the height adjusting mechanism 25 is disposed between the supporting frame and the female mold and used for adjusting the distance between the male mold and the female mold, wherein the height adjusting mechanism includes a first height adjusting unit 251 for controlling the gap between each notch and each protrusion in the first region of the male mold and the female mold, a second height adjusting unit 252 for controlling the gap between each notch and each protrusion in the second region of the male mold and the female mold, a third height adjusting unit 253 for controlling the gap between each notch and each protrusion in the third region of the male mold and the female mold, and a fourth height adjusting unit 254 for controlling the gap between each notch and each protrusion in the fourth region of the male mold and the female mold.
Specifically, the height adjusting mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited in the installation position as long as it can adjust the gap between the female die and the male die, and as shown in fig. 2, it is installed between the supporting frame and the female die to adjust the gap between the female die and the male die by controlling the height of the female die, or it may be installed between the female die and the male die to control the distance between the female die and the male die.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating division of regions of a material after stamping according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a first region 41, a second region 42, a third region 43, and a fourth region 44.
Wherein when the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material does not meet the preset standard, the central control module compares the difference between the precision ui of the punched material in each region and the average precision u0 of the punched material with a preset difference to adjust the gap between the male die and the female die in the current region, wherein,
when ui-u0 ≦ Δ u1, the central control module decides to expand the bump and notch gap sjpi of the i-th region to sjpi1, setting sjpi1= sjpi × (1 + (Δu1-ui + u 0)/. DELTA.u 1);
when the delta u1 is less than ui-u0 and less than delta u2, the central control module judges that the convex part and the concave gap of the ith area are not adjusted;
when ui-u0 ≧ Δ u2, the central control module determines to narrow the bulge and notch gaps sjpi of the ith area to sjpi2, and sets sjpi2= sjpi x (1- (ui-u 0- Δ u 2)/[ delta ] u 2);
the central control module presets a difference value delta u, and sets a first preset difference value delta u1 and a second preset difference value delta u2, wherein p =1,2, i =1,2.
Specifically, the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material does not accord with a preset standard, compares the difference between the material precision of the punched material and the average value of the material precision of the punched material of each region divided by the control region of each height adjusting unit according to a concave-convex die in the punching die with a preset difference to adjust the clearance between the concave-convex die of each region so that the uniformity of the next punched material accords with the standard, wherein the difference between the material precision of the punched material of the current region and the average value of the material precision of the punched material obtained by the central control module is less than or equal to the first preset difference, which indicates that the precision of the current region is too low, the central control module judges that the clearance between a convex die and a concave die in the current region is enlarged so as to improve the precision of the punched material of the current region, the central control module obtains that the difference between the material precision of the punched material of the current region and the average value of the material precision of the punched material of the current region is between the first preset difference and the second preset difference, which indicates that the precision of the material of the punch die and the punched material in the current region does not have a large influence on the precision of the punch die, and reduces the material of the clearance of the punched material in the punch die after obtaining the current region, and reducing the precision of the preset material of the punch in the punch die.
Wherein, when the central control module judges that the gaps of all the notches and the convex parts of the e-th area are adjusted, the central control module acquires the ratio of the gaps of all the convex parts and the notches of the adjacent areas after adjustment to the gap difference of the convex parts and the notches of the e-th area, and adjusts the gaps of the notches and the convex parts of the e-th area,
when (1 + (s (e-1) -se)/se)/(1 + (se-s (e + 1))/s (e + 1)) ≦ L1, the central control module determines to reduce the e-th zone relief and notch gap se to se1, setting se1= se x (1- (L1- (1 + (s (e-1) -se)/se)/(1 + (se-s (e + 1))/s (e + 1)))/L1);
when L1 < (1 + (s (e-1) -se)/se)/(1 + (se-s (e + 1))/s (e + 1)) < L2, the central control module does not adjust the gap between the notch and the bulge of the current area;
when (1 + (s (e-1) -se)/se)/(1 + (se-s (e + 1))/s (e + 1)) > is not less than L2, the central control module judges that the e-th region convex part and the notch gap se to se2 are enlarged, and sets se2= se x (1 + ((1 + (s (e-1) -se)/se)/(1 + (se-s (e + 1))/s (e + 1)) -L2)/L2);
the central control module is used for presetting a ratio L, and setting a first preset ratio L1 and a second preset ratio L2, wherein e =1,2. (n-1).
Specifically, when the central control module judges that the clearance between the female die and the male die in the current area is adjusted, the central control module is used for evaluating the difference between the clearance between adjacent areas according to the ratio of the difference between the male die clearance and the female die clearance in the adjacent areas and the difference between the male die clearance and the female die clearance in the current area, avoiding the phenomenon that the clearance between the adjacent areas is unbalanced, influencing the uniformity of a punched material and damaging the punching die, wherein the adjacent areas are a previous area and a next area which are adjacent to the current area, the ratio of the difference between the adjacent male die clearance and the current area is specifically the ratio of the difference between the previous area and the current area and the difference between the current area and the next area, the central control module obtains a ratio which is smaller than or equal to a first preset ratio and indicates that the clearance between the current area and the previous area and the next area is slightly larger than the current area, the central control module judges that the clearance between the male die clearance in the current area and the female die clearance in the current area is slightly smaller than the second preset ratio, the central control module obtains a ratio which is larger than the second preset ratio and indicates that the clearance between the current area and the lower area and the integral punching die clearance of the current area is slightly larger than the former area, and the central control module.
Please refer to fig. 6, which is a schematic structural diagram of a scrap removing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, including that the stamping system further includes a scrap removing mechanism, the scrap removing mechanism includes a telescopic rod 261 disposed at one side of each protrusion of the male die, and an angle adjuster 262 disposed at the bottom of the telescopic rod for controlling an air injection angle of an air injector 263, wherein the air injection angle of the air injector is from the protrusion of the stamping apparatus to a recess matched with the protrusion, and is used for blowing the stamping waste attached to the protrusion and the stamping waste left in the recess out of the die, so as to avoid affecting the stamping process of the next stamped material. When the male die punches downwards, the scrap removing mechanism retracts into the male die, when the male die finishes punching and moves upwards, the scrap removing mechanism extends out to spray air to the convex part and the concave part to remove waste materials, wherein the air spraying angle is the scrap removing angle of the scrap removing mechanism, the scrap removing angle is not limited in the embodiment of the invention, as long as the concave part and the waste materials in the convex part can be removed, the scrap removing angle is set according to the adjacent positions of the scrap removing mechanism and the convex parts, the embodiment of the invention provides a preferable embodiment, wherein when the distance between the convex part and the scrap removing mechanism is 1/2 of the size of the convex part, and the scrap removing angle is 120-150 degrees.
Wherein, the punch die of the punching die is provided with a scrap removing mechanism for removing the scrap in the convex part of the punch die and the concave part matched with the convex part, when the central control module obtains that the precision of the material after the sampling inspection and punching is less than a preset precision standard value, the central control module compares the weight difference Deltam of the scrap removed by the scrap removing mechanism within the preset detection time Deltat with a preset weight difference M to adjust the clearance between a convex die and a concave die, wherein,
when the delta M is less than or equal to M1, the central control module judges that the chip removing angle of the chip removing mechanism is increased;
when M1 is smaller than Δ M and smaller than M2, the central control module judges that the gap between the male die and the female die is reduced;
when the delta M is larger than or equal to M2, the central control module judges that the current stamping die is abnormal and gives a warning;
the central control module is used for presetting a weight difference M, setting a first preset weight difference M1 and a second preset weight difference M2.
Specifically, the scrap removing mechanism is arranged on each concave-convex opening and used for removing waste on each notch and each convex part, meanwhile, the central control module adjusts relevant parameters according to the weight difference of the waste obtained in the preset detection time so that the precision of the punched material meets the preset standard, wherein the weight difference of the waste obtained by the central control module is smaller than or equal to a first preset weight difference, the situation that the waste generated by punching of the punching die is insufficient in the detection time is indicated, the reason for the situation is that the scrap removing angle of the scrap removing mechanism is poor, the waste left in the notch and the convex part is caused, and the precision of the punched material is low, so that the central control module judges that the scrap removing angle of the scrap removing mechanism is increased so as to completely remove the waste left in the notch and the convex part, the situation that the waste generated by punching of the punching die meets the preset standard in the detection time is indicated, the central control module judges that the clearance of the concave-convex die is reduced so as to improve the precision of the next punched material, the weight difference of the waste obtained by the central control module is smaller than or equal to the first preset weight difference, the waste obtained by the central control module is larger than or equal to the second preset weight difference, and the waste generated during the detection time is indicated, and the punching die is abnormal.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for controlling clearance between a convex die and a concave die based on a stamping die is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, a self-learning module obtains a punch-die gap standard value according to the thickness of a material to be punched, a punching die punches a sample according to the punch-die gap standard value, the self-learning module obtains the punching precision U of the punched material of the sample, and the punching precision U meets a preset standard by adjusting the gap between the punch and the die, wherein the punching precision U is calculated according to the size of a hole site of the punched material, the height of burrs and the planeness, U = (1 + (c-c 0)/c 0) × (1 + (h-h 0)/h 0) × (1 + (g-g 0)/g 0) is set, c is the size of the hole diameter of the punched material, c0 is a preset hole diameter size standard value of the self-learning module, h is the height of the punched material burrs, h0 is a preset burr height standard value of the self-learning module, and g is the planeness of the punched material, g0 is a preset flatness standard value of a self-learning module, the self-learning module compares the stamping precision U of a sample with a preset precision, the selected stamping die convex-concave die gap sj is adjusted, when U is less than or equal to U1, the self-learning module reduces the stamping die convex-concave die gaps sj to sj1, sj1= sj x (1- (U1-U)/U1) is set, when U1 is less than U2, the self-learning module does not adjust the stamping die convex-concave die gap, when U is greater than or equal to U2, the self-learning module enlarges the stamping die convex-concave die gaps sj to sj2, sj2= sj x (1 + (U-U2)/U2 is set, the self-learning module sets a first preset precision U1 and a second preset precision U2, j =1,2,3,4, wherein the first preset gap S1, S1 is set by the self-learning module, A second preset gap s2, a third preset gap s3, and a fourth preset gap s4;
s2, the feeding device conveys the material to be punched to the punching die for punching, after a first preset time, the central control module acquires the precision U 'of the material subjected to spot check punching and compares the acquired precision U' with a preset precision standard value U0, wherein when the precision U 'acquired by the central control module does not accord with the preset standard, the central control module judges that the clearance between the convex die and the concave die is adjusted, and when the precision U' acquired by the central control module accords with the preset standard, the central control module acquires the uniformity y of the material according to the precision of each area of the material subjected to punching, and sets y = ((U1-U0) 2 +(u2-u0) 2 +...+(un-u0) 2 ) N, wherein u1 is the precision of the punched material of the first area, u2 is the precision of the punched material of the second area, u0 is the precision average value of the punched material, u0= (u 1+ u2+.. + un)/n is set, the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material does not meet the preset standard, the central control module compares the difference between the precision ui of the punched material of each area and the precision average value u0 of the punched material with the preset difference value to adjust the gap between the convex mold and the concave mold of the current area, and when ui-u0 is less than or equal to Δ u1, the central control module judges that the convex position and the concave gap sjpi of the i area are expanded to sjpi1, and sjpi1=sjpi (1 + × (0 u1-ui + u 0)/(1 u 1); when x 2u1 is more than ui-u0 and less than delta u2, the central control module judges that the convex part and the concave gap of the i-th area are not adjusted; when ui-u0 is not less than Δ u2, the central control module determines to reduce the convex part and the concave gap sjpi of the i-th area to sjpi2, sets sjpi2= sjpi x (1- (ui-u 0- Δ u 2)/. DELTA u 2), the central control module presets the difference Δ u, sets a first preset difference Δ u1, a second preset difference Δ u2, and p =1,2, i =1,2.
2. The method for controlling gap between male and female dies based on stamping die as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the self-learning module selects the gap between male and female dies based on the comparison between the thickness D of the material to be stamped and the preset thickness D, wherein,
when D is less than D1, the self-learning module selects a first preset gap s1 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
when D1 is not more than D and less than D2, the self-learning module selects a second preset gap s2 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
when D2 is larger than or equal to D3, the self-learning module selects a third preset gap s3 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
when D is larger than D3, the self-learning module selects a fourth preset gap s4 as a convex-concave die gap of the stamping die;
the self-learning module is used for presetting a thickness D, setting a first preset thickness D1, a second preset thickness D2 and a third preset thickness D3, and presetting a gap s by the self-learning module.
3. A male and female die clearance control method based on stamping die according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, the central control module obtains the precision U' of the punched material for spot inspection and compares it with a preset precision standard value U0 to determine whether the precision of the punched material meets the preset standard, wherein,
when U' is more than or equal to U0, the central control module judges that the precision of the punched material meets the preset standard, and the central control module judges whether the punching die meets the preset standard according to the obtained uniformity of the punched material;
and when U' is less than U0, the central control module judges that the material precision after stamping does not meet the preset standard, and the central control module adjusts the clearance between the male die and the female die according to the obtained weight difference of the waste material within the preset detection time delta t.
4. A male and female die clearance control method based on stamping dies according to claim 3, wherein the central control module obtains the precision of the material after sampling and stamping to be greater than or equal to a preset precision standard value, the central control module obtains the uniformity Y of the material after stamping to be compared with a preset uniformity standard value Y0, and whether the stamping dies meet the preset standard is judged, wherein,
when Y is less than or equal to Y0, the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material meets a preset standard;
and when Y is larger than Y0, the central control module judges that the uniformity of the punched material does not accord with a preset standard.
5. A male-female die gap control method based on a stamping die as claimed in claim 4, wherein the stamping die comprises a height adjustment mechanism for controlling the gap between the female die and the male die, the height adjustment mechanism comprises a plurality of height adjustment units for adjusting the gap between the female die and the male die of each region of the stamping die, wherein a first height adjustment unit is used for controlling the gap between each notch and each protrusion of the first region of the stamping die, a second height adjustment unit is used for controlling the gap between each notch and each protrusion of the second region of the stamping die.
6. A male-female die gap control method based on a stamping die as claimed in claim 3, wherein the stamping die is provided with a scrap removing mechanism for removing the scrap in the convex part of the stamping die and the matched concave part, when the central control module obtains that the precision of the material after the sampling inspection stamping is smaller than a preset precision standard value, the central control module compares the weight difference Deltam of the scrap removed by the scrap removing mechanism within the preset detection time Deltat with the preset weight difference M to adjust the male-female die gap, wherein,
when the delta M is less than or equal to M1, the central control module judges that the chip removing angle of the chip removing mechanism is increased;
when M1 is smaller than Δ M and smaller than M2, the central control module judges that the gap between the male die and the female die is reduced;
when the delta M is larger than or equal to M2, the central control module judges that the current stamping die is abnormal and gives a warning;
the central control module is used for presetting a weight difference M, setting a first preset weight difference M1 and a second preset weight difference M2.
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