CN115192783B - Levopolylactic acid vascular stent without sharp edge and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Levopolylactic acid vascular stent without sharp edge and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115192783B CN115192783B CN202210665707.9A CN202210665707A CN115192783B CN 115192783 B CN115192783 B CN 115192783B CN 202210665707 A CN202210665707 A CN 202210665707A CN 115192783 B CN115192783 B CN 115192783B
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- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl acetate Chemical compound CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004351 coronary vessel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007917 intracranial administration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-butyl acetate Natural products CC(C)COC(C)=O GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M isocaproate Chemical compound CC(C)CCC([O-])=O FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)CC(C)C OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101100426971 Caenorhabditis elegans ttr-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010057469 Vascular stenosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/04—Macromolecular materials
- A61L31/06—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent without sharp edges, which has the advantages that the four corners of the cross section rectangle of a stent rod are specially treated to present a highly smooth shape, but not a sharp right angle, so that the stent is conveyed into a body by a catheter and mechanical cutting and tearing of the right angle edges are avoided when the stent expands, the vascular wall contacted with the stent and a relatively fragile lesion site are effectively protected, the clinical risks such as bleeding, inflammation, thrombus and the like encountered by partial internal interventional operation treatment can be avoided, and the biocompatibility and postoperative recovery of a patient during the use of medical equipment are improved; the preparation process is simple and scientific, has low cost, and is beneficial to application and popularization in the industrial production process; meanwhile, the vascular stent after special preparation has radial supporting strength equivalent to that of a control group, eliminates adverse influence factors possibly generated by solvent corrosion and recrystallization processes, and shows the safety and reliability of the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and particularly relates to a sharp-edge-free left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The vascular drug eluting stent is used for treating vascular obstruction caused by atherosclerosis, and is matched with the imaging positioning function of contrast agent and imaging equipment in clinical operation, the vascular stent is implanted to a lesion target point by using a conveying catheter, and the stent is expanded in the radial direction by adopting a self-expansion or balloon expansion mode, so that the narrow vascular inner wall is opened and supported, and the purpose of smooth blood circulation is achieved. At present, the blood vessel stents used clinically are divided into two types, one type is a metal permanent retention stent which is permanently retained after being implanted into a body and cannot be naturally dissolved, degraded or enzymatically removed, the other type is a biodegradable material stent which is subjected to a short-term or long-term degradation process in a biological environment in the body and finally is metabolically removed. The former type of stent material is mainly made of iron or nickel-titanium alloy, the preparation process of the stent comprises laser engraving, acid washing, polishing and cleaning, sharp edges of the stent are often obviously reduced after the operation, and the edge appearance of a subsequent ultrasonic spray medicine coating is smooth and compliant without sharp angles. The latter biodegradable stent material is mainly made of magnesium-based alloy and L-polylactic acid, and the edge shape is difficult to optimize by acid washing and polishing in the stent forming process, so that the edge of a highly sharp stent rod still remains after the drug coating is coated, the sharp edge is directly contacted with the wall of a blood vessel in the process of being conveyed to a lesion site, particularly a far-end vascular stenosis site, and the mechanical damage to the blood vessel caused by the edge of the stent can cause potential clinical bleeding, thrombus and inflammation risks.
The existing degradable material bracket directly enters the next medicine coating preparation process after laser engraving, the improvement technology aiming at the sharp edge of the bracket is relatively lacking, the traditional pickling and polishing process is difficult to be applied to novel materials, and even if the 3D printing technology is applied, a large number of right-angle edges on the surface of the structure are difficult to be eliminated. The solution to this type of problem has the limitation that, on the one hand, the structural changes do not impair the physical support properties of the stent itself and, on the other hand, new residual impurities cannot be introduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a levorotatory polylactic acid vascular stent without sharp edges and a preparation method thereof, the preparation process is simple and scientific, the cost is low, the sharpness of the edges of the obtained stent rod is greatly reduced, thereby avoiding mechanical cuts and tears of right-angle edges when the stent is conveyed into a body by a catheter and expanded, effectively protecting the vascular wall contacted with the stent and relatively fragile lesion sites, avoiding the clinical risks such as bleeding, inflammation, thrombus and the like encountered by partial internal interventional operation treatment, and improving the biocompatibility and postoperative recovery of patients when medical instruments are used.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent without sharp edges has the advantages that the four corners of the cross section rectangle of the stent rod are specially treated to present a highly smooth shape instead of a sharp right angle.
Preferably, the main material of the vascular stent is L-polylactic acid, and the vascular stent comprises but is not limited to a coronary artery drug eluting stent, a coronary artery uncoated bare stent, a peripheral vascular drug eluting stent, a peripheral uncoated bare stent, an intracranial artery metal stent and an intracranial artery biodegradable stent.
Preferably, the vascular stent without sharp edges is characterized in that a new treatment technology (special treatment) is introduced after laser engraving or 3D printing of the stent, and the right-angle sharp edges of the original stent rod are passivated, so that the vascular stent is converted into a highly smooth edge structure.
The novel treatment technology (preparation method) is that a rudiment stent with sharp edges is obtained after a left-handed polylactic acid tube is subjected to laser engraving, the rudiment stent is placed in an etching solution for sealing, the edges of a stent rod generate proper etching effect, the stent is taken out and then washed by another replacement solvent, the residual solvent on the surface of the stent is kept after the washing, the left-handed polylactic acid tube is kept stand for a period of time in a sealing environment, the fixation molding is carried out in the recrystallization process of the left-handed polylactic acid on the surface of the stent, and the left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent without sharp edges is obtained after the left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent is dried and cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, the molecular weight Mw of the L-polylactic acid pipe is controlled to be 100000-800000, and preferably the Mw is 400000.
Preferably, the etching solution includes, but is not limited to, the following solvents: n-propyl acetate, ethanol, acetone, n-butyl acetate, n-butane, n-pentane, n-heptane, formic acid, acetic acid, isopropanol, n-propanol, methylene chloride, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, diethyl ether, and mixtures of one or more of the foregoing solvents.
Preferably, the etching temperature is 20-75deg.C, preferably 45deg.C; the etching time is recommended to be in the range of 1min to 3h, preferably 30min.
Preferably, the replacement solvent includes, but is not limited to, the following solvents: n-propyl acetate, ethanol, acetone, n-butyl acetate, n-butane, n-pentane, n-heptane, formic acid, acetic acid, isopropanol, n-propanol, methylene chloride, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, diethyl ether, or a mixture of two or more of the foregoing solvents.
Preferably, the edge recrystallization temperature of the bracket is recommended to be within a range of-10-30 ℃, preferably 10 ℃; the recrystallization time is controlled to be 3 hours or more, preferably 12 hours.
Preferably, the drying temperature is controlled to be 20-60 ℃, preferably 45 ℃, and the drying time is controlled to be more than 30 minutes.
Preferably, the vascular stent after the edge special treatment can maintain the radial support strength equivalent to that of a control group in a physical test.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the sharp-edge-free left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent has the advantages that the sharpness of the edge of a stent rod is greatly reduced, so that mechanical cuts and tears of right-angle edges are avoided when the stent is conveyed into a body by a catheter and the stent expands, the vascular wall contacted with the stent and a relatively fragile lesion site are effectively protected, clinical risks such as bleeding, inflammation and thrombus and the like in partial internal interventional operation treatment can be avoided, and the biocompatibility of the medical instrument in use and postoperative recovery of a patient are improved.
Meanwhile, the vascular stent after special preparation has radial supporting strength equivalent to that of a control group, eliminates adverse influence factors possibly generated by solvent corrosion and recrystallization processes, and shows the safety and reliability of the method.
The preparation method of the bracket provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and scientific preparation process and low cost, and is beneficial to application and popularization in industrial production processes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent structure.
Fig. 2 is an edge scanning electron microscope image of the left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent.
FIG. 3 is a comparative view of the cross-sectional structure of a stent rod (a: sharp edges; b: smooth edges).
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated in the following drawings and detailed description, which are to be understood as being merely illustrative of the invention and not limiting the scope of the invention.
Examples
Preparing a left-handed polylactic acid hollow tube with the molecular weight of 400000, carving a vascular stent blank with the outer diameter of 3.0mm and the wall thickness of 100 mu m as shown in figure 1 by laser, immersing the stent into n-butyl acetate under the sealing condition, transferring into a 45 ℃ constant temperature box, taking out the stent after 30min, fully washing the surface of the stent by ethanol, completely replacing the residual n-butyl acetate on the surface with ethanol solvent, immediately fixing the stent in a sealed bottle after washing, taking out the stent after 12h, and drying in a 45 ℃ oven to obtain the left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent without sharp edges.
Test case
And (3) observing the vascular stent subjected to laser engraving and edge treatment by adopting a JEM-0360LV scanning electron microscope, and analyzing whether the edge sharpness is obviously reduced.
The radial compression method is adopted to test the radial supporting force change after the preparation of the bracket, and the experimental equipment is a radial press-and-hold machine (TTR 2, blockwise Engineering LLC, U.S.). The specific operation steps are as follows: the segments compressed the stent at rates of 0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.50 mm/min, respectively, resulting in compression load-outer diameter curves. Because the sector blocks have self friction in the press-holding process, the sector blocks should run at a corresponding test speed in a dry mode for one time before testing, a basic friction force curve is obtained, the real compression load of the support is the actual measurement value minus the basic friction force, and the final result is characterized by the radial pressure borne when the outer diameter of the support is reduced to below 85%. The stents were each treated by the procedure described in the examples, except that the corrosive solvents were n-butyl acetate (group a), n-propyl acetate (group B), n-butane (group C), n-heptane (group D), respectively; the contrast group is a left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent which is not specially engraved by laser, the nominal outer diameter is 3.0mm, and whether the physical properties of the final material are influenced or not is reflected by comparing the radial supporting force of the sharp-edge-free stent with the same specification and the contrast group, so that the applicability and the effectiveness of the method are judged.
Table 1 results of radial support force test of vascular stents
By test data, from P A/control group 、P B/control group 、P C/control group 、P D/control group All are larger than 0.05, the levorotatory polylactic acid vascular stent after proper corrosion and recrystallization of the solvent is not obviously weakened in radial supporting capacity, so that the sharp-edge-free stent provided by the patent still has enough applicability and effectiveness.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a levorotatory polylactic acid vascular stent without sharp edges is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of (1) obtaining a rudiment stent with sharp edges after laser engraving of a left-handed polylactic acid tube, sealing the rudiment stent in an etching solution to enable the edges of a stent rod to generate proper etching effect, taking out the stent, washing the rudiment stent with another replacement solvent, keeping the residual solvent on the surface of the stent after washing, standing for 5-15 minutes in a sealed environment, fixing and forming the rudiment stent in the process of recrystallizing the left-handed polylactic acid on the surface of the stent, drying the rudiment stent, and cooling the rudiment stent to room temperature to obtain the left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent without sharp edges; the four corners of the cross section rectangle of the bracket rod of the vascular bracket are in a smooth form, but not in a sharp right angle;
the main material of the vascular stent is L-polylactic acid, and the vascular stent comprises but is not limited to a coronary artery drug eluting stent, a coronary artery uncoated bare stent, a peripheral vascular drug eluting stent, a peripheral uncoated bare stent, an intracranial artery metal stent and an intracranial artery biodegradable stent;
the molecular weight Mw of the L-polylactic acid pipe is 100000-800000,
the etching solution includes but is not limited to the following solvents: n-propyl acetate, ethanol, acetone, n-butyl acetate, n-butane, n-pentane, n-heptane, formic acid, acetic acid, isopropyl alcohol, n-propanol, methylene chloride, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, diethyl ether, or a mixture of two or more of the foregoing solvents;
the corrosion temperature is 20-75 ℃, the corrosion time is 1min-3h,
the replacement solvents include, but are not limited to, the following solvents: n-propyl acetate, ethanol, acetone, n-butyl acetate, n-butane, n-pentane, n-heptane, formic acid, acetic acid, isopropyl alcohol, n-propanol, methylene chloride, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, isopropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, diethyl ether, or a mixture of two or more of the foregoing solvents;
the temperature recommended by the edge recrystallization of the bracket ranges from-10 ℃ to 30 ℃, and the recrystallization time is controlled to be more than 3 hours.
2. The method for preparing the sharp-edge-free left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the molecular weight Mw of the L-polylactic acid pipe is 400000.
3. The method for preparing the sharp-edge-free left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the corrosion temperature is 45 ℃; the etching time is 30min.
4. The method for preparing the sharp-edge-free left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the edge recrystallization temperature of the bracket is 10 ℃; the recrystallization time was 12h.
5. The method for preparing the sharp-edge-free left-handed polylactic acid vascular stent, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the drying temperature is controlled to be 20-60 ℃ and the drying time is controlled to be more than 30min.
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| CN115105648A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-09-27 | 苏州健雄职业技术学院 | Levorotatory polylactic acid intravascular stent without sharp edges and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110860001A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-06 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Intravascular stent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114010260A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-08 | 陈宏涛 | Intravascular cutting support |
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