CN115190409A - Multifunctional portable acoustic device - Google Patents
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- CN115190409A CN115190409A CN202210651453.5A CN202210651453A CN115190409A CN 115190409 A CN115190409 A CN 115190409A CN 202210651453 A CN202210651453 A CN 202210651453A CN 115190409 A CN115190409 A CN 115190409A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional portable acoustic device, and belongs to the field of sound field regulation and control application. The method comprises the following steps: the acoustic matching layer is arranged on the acoustic insulating layer, and the first mask, the second mask and the third mask are arranged on the acoustic insulating layer; the acoustic matching layer is cylindrical, one end of the acoustic matching layer is provided with a vibration source, and the other end of the acoustic matching layer is tightly attached to the mask; the sound insulation layer covers the surfaces of the vibration source, the acoustic matching layer and the mask; a vibration source for emitting ultrasonic waves of a single, specific wavelength; the acoustic matching layer is used for coupling vibration energy to the mask from a vibration source; and the sound insulation layer is used for preventing vibration energy from diffusing to the periphery. According to the invention, the mask pattern structure is processed in a microscale manner, and the surface of the nano particles is modified, so that the boundary condition of impedance mismatch is met, and the ultrasonic transmission sound field is further modulated, thereby realizing excitation conditions of sound fields in various modes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sound field regulation and control application, and particularly relates to a multifunctional portable acoustic device.
Background
The ultrasound lays a foundation for the development of noninvasive medical instruments and is widely applied to the fields of clinical medical treatment and health. The ultrasonic wave is a sound wave with the vibration frequency higher than 20000 Hz, and the directivity is good, the tissue penetration capability is strong, and the local sound energy with high energy is easy to obtain, so that the ultrasonic wave is applied to numerous fields of ultrasonic cleaning, cavitation sterilization, nondestructive detection and the like by vast scientific researchers. Specifically, people use a High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) transducer to kill tumor cells in a target area without damaging surrounding normal tissues, thereby realizing non-invasive treatment of tumor tissues. In clinical medicine, it is crucial to acquire highly localized sound field energy.
Medical ultrasonic waves are waves which are propagated in water and tissues based on vibration generated by a piezoelectric effect, and are widely applied to the fields of medical ultrasonic imaging and ultrasonic therapy because the medical ultrasonic waves are harmless to human bodies and can realize label-free treatment. But its application environment is severely limited due to its inherent acoustic propagation mode. For complex human tissue environments, it is not reliable to use only a single sound field construction mode. Peng-Qi Li et al propose a prototype of an ultra-thin super-surface that can efficiently generate a variety of ultrasound beams by amplitude modulation using a biologically inspired meta-skin mode. Specifically, by constructing a stable water/air interface on the substrate, the structural unit has super-hydrophobic characteristics and forms huge acoustic impedance mismatch with water and tissues, so that the acoustic energy transmission transmittance of the modified part approaches to 0.0001. Further, the erasable meta-skin can be flexibly processed into different patterns according to experimental requirements.
However, most of the conventional techniques are in experimental stages, and precise and label-free stimulation is realized by transmitting ultrasonic waves in an aqueous medium environment. Because the relative spatial positions among the components are not clear, the spatial freedom degree of the mask device is severely limited, and the portable use scene can not be met. Since the target organism needs to be stimulated in an experimental environment such as a petri dish, the ultrasonic energy will scatter when it encounters the elastic solid. In addition, because the mask plate structure is not hollow, the diffraction effect of ultrasonic waves on obstacles on a propagation path is very obvious, so that the energy of the ultrasonic waves is seriously attenuated, and the energy conversion efficiency of the ultrasonic waves cannot be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional portable acoustic device, which aims to realize various functional ultrasonic fields in a portable way by standardizing the material properties of an intermediate matching layer and integrating according to the impedance matching boundary condition.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multifunctional portable acoustic device, including: the acoustic matching structure comprises a vibration source, an acoustic matching layer, an acoustic insulating layer, a first mask, a second mask and a third mask, wherein the first mask, the second mask and the third mask have the same radius and the same thickness;
the acoustic matching layer is cylindrical, one end of the acoustic matching layer is provided with a vibration source, and the other end of the acoustic matching layer is tightly attached to the mask;
the acoustic insulation layer covers the surfaces of the vibration source, the acoustic matching layer and the mask;
the vibration source is used for emitting ultrasonic waves with a single and specific wavelength;
the acoustic matching layer is used for coupling vibration energy to the mask from a vibration source;
the sound insulation layer is used for preventing vibration energy from diffusing to the periphery;
the first mask is used for modulating a sound field to form a focused sound field;
the second mask is used for modulating a sound field to form a vortex sound field;
and the third mask is used for modulating the sound field to form a Talbot sound field.
Preferably, the wavelength of the emitted ultrasonic wave of the vibration source and the first mask satisfy the following relation:
wherein l m Is the radius of each ring zone of the first mask, m represents the sequence of the ring zones of the first mask, f is the focusThe focal length of the acoustic field, λ, represents the excitation wavelength of the vibration source.
Has the beneficial effects that: the vibration source and the first mask plate of the invention satisfy the relationship and the focusing acoustic wave modulation condition, and the multifunctional portable device forms an ultrasonic focusing acoustic field.
Preferably, the length of the matching layer satisfies a near field condition.
Has the advantages that: the length of the matching layer meets the near-field condition, and the vibration source in the multifunctional portable device meets the optimal plane propagation condition due to the disorder of the vibration mode in the near-field range of the vibration source.
Preferably, the material of the acoustic matching layer is PDMS.
Has the beneficial effects that: the acoustic matching layer is made of PDMS, energy transmission efficiency is optimal, and energy transmission efficiency of the portable acoustic device is improved.
Preferably, the mask is a metal plate coated with nanoparticles, and the impedance difference between the mask and the transmission medium is not less than 1.
Has the advantages that: the mask is a metal plate with large impedance difference, provides a total reflection boundary condition, and further realizes the modulation of the ultrasonic sound wave.
Preferably, the other end of the acoustic matching layer or the inner side of the acoustic insulating layer is provided with a thread for movably connecting a mask.
Has the advantages that: the thread movable connection is beneficial to the replacement of the first mask, the second mask and the third mask, and the relative distance between the matching layer and the thread movable connection is fixed.
Preferably, the vibration source is connected to a controller for regulating the emitted wavelength.
Has the advantages that: the external controller regulates and controls the emitted wavelength to meet the excitation condition of the ultrasonic wave in a certain wide frequency band range.
Generally, by the above technical solution conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
the invention provides a multifunctional portable acoustic device, which is characterized in that a mask pattern structure is processed in a microscale manner, the surface of nano particles of the mask pattern structure is modified, so that the mask pattern structure meets the boundary condition of impedance mismatch, an ultrasonic transmission sound field is further modulated, and the modulation condition meets the basic coherent diffraction condition, so that the excitation condition of the sound field in various modes is realized, the multifunctional portable acoustic device is used for the behavioral stimulation research of organisms, and has huge application prospect and commercial value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multi-functional portable acoustic device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mask pattern provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the testing effect of the modulated sound field corresponding to FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the portable device for inducing behavior changes of caenorhabditis elegans according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention proposes a multifunctional portable acoustic device comprising: the acoustic matching structure comprises a vibration source, an acoustic matching layer, an acoustic insulating layer, a first mask, a second mask and a third mask, wherein the first mask, the second mask and the third mask have the same radius and the same thickness; the acoustic matching layer is a cylinder, and a vibration source is solidified at one end of the acoustic matching layer; the sound insulation layer is sleeved on the surface of each device; the vibration source is used for emitting ultrasonic waves with single and specific wavelength; the acoustic matching layer is used for coupling energy from a vibration source to the mask; the sound insulation layer is used for preventing vibration energy from diffusing to the periphery and fixing each device; the first mask is used for modulating a sound field to form a focused sound field; the second mask is used for modulating a sound field to form a vortex sound field; and the third mask is used for modulating a sound field to form a Talbot sound field.
The wavelength of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the vibration source and the mask plate meet the following relation:
wherein l m The radius of each ring zone of the first mask is represented by m, the sequence of the ring zones of the first mask is represented by f, the focal length of a focused sound field is represented by f, and the excitation wavelength of a vibration source is represented by lambda.
The length L of the matching layer satisfies a near field condition.
As shown in FIG. 1, the arbitrary function generator 1 is of the type RIGOLDG4162, the highest sampling rate is 500MSa/s, the highest output frequency can reach 160MHz, and the maximum output voltage is 10Vpp. In this embodiment, the arbitrary function generator 1 outputs a single pulse sine wave of 1MHz, with a pulse duration of 0.8s, an output voltage of 800mVpp, and a phase of 0.
The vibration source 2 is composed of piezoelectric ceramic plates, the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic plates is 1MHz, the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic plates is 2mm, and the diameter of the piezoelectric ceramic plates is 25.4mm. By preparing the matching layer 3 and nesting it with the outer acoustic insulation layer 4, wherein the matching layer 3 is tightly bonded to the vibration source 2, the thickness of the matching layer 3 satisfies the near field condition. The acoustic insulation layer 4 is prepared by epoxy 3D printing and internally threaded for replacing and fixing the mask 5.
In order to realize a plurality of different patterned sound fields for biostimulation, a hollow structure is prepared by using laser according to mask patterns (a first mask 6, a second mask 7 and a third mask 8 in fig. 2) drawn by computer-aided software, and then the hollow structure is subjected to nanoparticle surface modification treatment so as to meet the boundary condition of impedance mismatch.
When the invention is used for realizing the portable replaceable mask and further application, the steps are as follows:
1. assembling each component for standby and connecting the signal excitation source;
2. determining a mode of a required sound field according to the shape of a required organism;
3. the threaded link mask 5 is replaced by the target mask.
Fig. 3 shows the test effect of the sound field modulated by the underwater test device, which corresponds to the modulated sound field of each mask in fig. 2.
In the fluid environment of tissue or blood, the piezo ceramic element as a radiation source can be considered as a water-like investigation medium. Therefore, it is important to find a material with equivalent acoustic impedance as a matching layer to provide lossless transmission of vibration to achieve the local effect of ultrasonic energy.
The invention selects Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a matching layer, and analyzes the transmission loss based on the following acoustic theory:
in a homogeneous medium R 0 =ρ 0 c 0 Medium (medium in the invention is water environment), inserted with Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), thickness L, and impedance R 1 =ρ 1 c 1 Solving a one-dimensional acoustic wave equation under the assumption of linear small amplitude:
given the assumption of small amplitudes, partial reflections and partial transmission of the acoustic wave into another medium usually occur due to the different material impedances at the two sides of the interface:
wherein, P 1 Comprising waves travelling in the direction of incidence and parts of waves, P, encountering reflections from different media 2 Only the acoustic wave transmitted into the medium PDMS is represented.
according to the sound pressure continuity at the interface and the normal direction particle velocity continuity condition p 1 =p 2 ;v 1 =v 2 It is possible to obtain a mixture satisfying, in the surrounding medium 1 and in the PDMS medium 2: p is a radical of i1 +p r1 =p t1 ;v i1 +v r1 =v t1 。
Further, the ratio of the reflection sound pressure, the transmission sound pressure and the incident sound pressure at the interface is obtained:
Wherein the water has a density of 1000kg/m at 20 deg.C 3 The sound velocity is about 1500m/s; PDMS density 1070kg/m 3 The speed of sound is about 1030m/s. At room temperature, the impedance of the insertion medium PDMS is matched to the surrounding medium environment, i.e. R 1 =R 0 (ii) a At this time r p =0;t p =1; that is, PDMS is an acoustically transparent material, and the ultrasonic waves excited by the transducer are still completely transparent after passing through the PDMS, and hardly reflect. PDMS is therefore the preferred material for the acoustic matching layer. But not limited to, materials having impedance characteristics similar to those of water/biological tissue, e.g. hydrogel materialsIt has better impedance matching condition with water and tissue.
To verify the feasibility of the embodiments of the present invention, the behaviours of C.elegans were studied. FIG. 4 is a graph of experimental stimulation of selected example C.elegans as the preferred organism. In the experiment, t is selected 1 ,t 2 ,t 3 ,t 4 And (4) researching the behavioral locus of the four time points. Wherein, the parameters of the ultrasonic stimulation configuration are single pulse, 0.8s and central frequency of 1MHz. Under the parameter, the negative sound pressure measured by the calibrated hydrophone is close to 0.74MPa. Experiments show that when caenorhabditis elegans freely crawls into an ultrasonic focusing area, the behavior of the caenorhabditis elegans is sensitively changed due to the mechanical stimulation effect of ultrasonic energy, namely, the caenorhabditis elegans tends to an area without ultrasonic effect. Furthermore, it was experimentally found that the stimulatory effect of the device on a single independent C.elegans caused a behavioural reversal efficiency as high as 81.8%.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-functional portable acoustic device, comprising: the acoustic matching structure comprises a vibration source, an acoustic matching layer, an acoustic insulating layer, a first mask, a second mask and a third mask, wherein the first mask, the second mask and the third mask have the same radius and the same thickness;
the acoustic matching layer is cylindrical, one end of the acoustic matching layer is provided with a vibration source, and the other end of the acoustic matching layer is tightly attached to the mask;
the acoustic insulation layer covers the surfaces of the vibration source, the acoustic matching layer and the mask plate;
the vibration source is used for emitting ultrasonic waves with a single and specific wavelength;
the acoustic matching layer is used for coupling vibration energy to the mask from a vibration source;
the sound insulation layer is used for preventing vibration energy from diffusing to the periphery;
the first mask is used for modulating a sound field to form a focused sound field;
the second mask is used for modulating a sound field to form a vortex sound field;
and the third mask is used for modulating the sound field to form a Talbot sound field.
2. The multifunctional portable acoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave emitted from the vibration source and the first mask satisfy the following relationship:
wherein l m The radius of each ring zone of the first mask is represented by m, the sequence of the ring zones of the first mask is represented by f, the focal length of a focused sound field is represented by f, and the excitation wavelength of a vibration source is represented by lambda.
3. The multifunctional portable acoustic device according to claim 1, wherein a length of the matching layer satisfies a near field condition.
4. A multifunctional portable acoustic device according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the material of the acoustic matching layer is PDMS.
5. A multifunctional portable acoustic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mask is a metal plate modified by a nanoparticle coating, and has an impedance difference from the environmental medium of not less than 1:3600.
6. a multifunctional portable acoustic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the other end of the acoustic matching layer or the inner side of the acoustic insulating layer is provided with a screw thread for movably connecting a mask.
7. A multi-functional portable acoustic device as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vibration source is connected to a controller for regulating the emitted wavelength.
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CN108062948A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-22 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of method based on patterning tailoring technique regulation and control sound wave |
CN108580241A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-09-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of ultrasonic transducer acoustic impedance matching layer and its manufacturing method |
CN113936636A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-14 | 华中科技大学 | Ultrasonic transmission broadband regulation and control method and device based on nanoparticle film |
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CN108062948A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-22 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of method based on patterning tailoring technique regulation and control sound wave |
CN108580241A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-09-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of ultrasonic transducer acoustic impedance matching layer and its manufacturing method |
CN113936636A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-14 | 华中科技大学 | Ultrasonic transmission broadband regulation and control method and device based on nanoparticle film |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
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XUE-FENG ZHU: "Efficient realization of on-demand functional ultrasonic fields based on prolate spheroidal wave functions from sampling theorem", 《THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA》, 31 January 2022 (2022-01-31) * |
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