CN115190032A - High-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method and embedded equipment - Google Patents
High-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method and embedded equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of network simulation and embedded equipment, in particular to a high-applicability lightweight full-virtual network simulation and test method and embedded equipment, wherein the high-applicability lightweight full-virtual network simulation and test method comprises the following steps: building a virtual network consisting of routing nodes, routing protocols and communication links by using a virtual simulation module; performing link damage simulation on the constructed virtual network by using a link damage simulation module, and simulating the damage condition of the link by modifying the parameters of the communication link, wherein the damage simulation comprises packet delay, packet loss, packet repetition, packet damage and bandwidth limitation; the network testing module is used for carrying out network testing on the network subjected to link damage simulation, and the virtual simulation function, the link damage simulation function and the network testing function of the invention are realized based on hardware resources of the embedded equipment, but not server resources, so that the deployment is more free and flexible, and the cost is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of network simulation and embedded equipment, in particular to a high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method and embedded equipment.
Background
The development and test activities of the application system based on the internet, wireless network and mobile network for data transmission are generally carried out in the local area network environment. The bandwidth of the local area network is stable, the transmission delay and the error rate are low, and the probability of network damage is small, which is greatly different from the actual operation environment of the application system, namely the wide area network, so that the following two problems exist:
(1) The development environment is inconsistent with the actual operation environment, so that whether the adaptation modules of the application system to different network environments take effect cannot be determined;
(2) The testing environment is inconsistent with the actual operating environment, so that the fault tolerance of the application system under the condition of poor network quality cannot be tested.
These network-operated systems were always first developed and tested in the laboratory. The network structure of the laboratory is simple, the regional span is small, the technology is single, and the application system can often show good performance on it. However, when the application system is deployed in an actual network to operate, the actual network structure may be complex, the geographical span is very large, the adopted network technologies are also various, the network devices and transmission media are also more complex and various, and the application system that is not strictly tested often exposes various hidden problems and performance defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a highly applicable lightweight fully virtual network simulation and test method and embedded device, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method comprises the following steps:
s1, building a virtual network consisting of routing nodes, routing protocols and communication links by using a virtual simulation module;
s2, performing link damage simulation on the constructed virtual network by using a link damage simulation module, and simulating the damage condition of the link by modifying parameters of the communication link, wherein the damage simulation comprises packet delay, packet loss, packet repetition, packet damage and bandwidth limitation;
and S3, performing network test on the network subjected to the link damage simulation by using a network test module, wherein the test comprises connectivity test of each layer, throughput test of network element nodes, link damage influence test and end-to-end bandwidth test.
Preferably, the virtual simulation module includes a routing node simulation unit, a routing protocol simulation unit, and a communication link simulation unit.
Preferably, the routing node simulation unit simulates the routing node by using an application container engine, and encapsulates the node by using the container engine.
Preferably, the routing protocol emulation unit emulates a routing protocol using an internet routing protocol suite and hardware resources based on an embedded device, and the routing protocol includes BGP, OSPF, and IS-IS.
Preferably, the communication link simulation unit simulates communication links between nodes by using the application container engine, configures a medium tool and a link protocol in a link distribution network, and encapsulates the links by using the container engine.
Preferably, the link damage simulation module simulates complex link delay, packet loss, repetition and damage by calling a netem module of a Linux kernel and combining a mathematical model, so that various attributes and network events under a network performance simulation scene, including delay, packet loss, packer reordering events, accidents and bandwidth rate limitation occurring under repeated, damaged or other conditions, are realized.
Preferably, the network test module includes a connectivity test unit, a bandwidth and throughput test unit, and a link impairment test unit.
Preferably, the connectivity testing unit performs a node connectivity test by using a curl and ping tool, and the bandwidth and throughput testing unit performs a network element throughput test and an end-to-end bandwidth test by using an iperf3 tool.
Preferably, the link damage testing unit monitors the network condition of the routing node by using an MTR testing tool, counts and records network fluctuation and damage data, prints and generates a test report, captures a data packet of the routing node by using tcpdump, performs packet analysis on the captured data packet, and analyzes and evaluates packet delay, packet repetition, packet loss and packet damage.
An embedded device includes a processor and a memory, with a program stored in the memory and executed by the processor.
The invention provides a highly applicable lightweight full-virtual network simulation and test method and embedded equipment through improvement, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following improvements and advantages:
one is as follows: the realization of the virtual simulation function, the link damage simulation function and the network test function of the invention is based on the hardware resource of the embedded equipment, but not the server resource, the deployment is more free and flexible, and the cost is lower;
and the second step is as follows: the invention designs and realizes a network damage simulation environment, supplements and develops partial network damage plug-ins through integrating open source software, and realizes controllable data damage and performance limitation under the local area network environment.
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The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a general flow chart of a network simulation and test method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a network simulation and test method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network topology built by the virtual simulation module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow control diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flow control embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a connectivity test embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a bandwidth and network element throughput test embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a link damage testing unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below, and technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a highly-applicable lightweight full-virtual network simulation and test method and embedded equipment through improvement, and the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 8, the high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method includes the following steps:
s1, a virtual network consisting of routing nodes, routing protocols and communication links is built by utilizing a virtual simulation module, various network topological structures can be freely and flexibly simulated, and three routing protocols are simulated at the same time;
the virtual simulation module comprises a routing node simulation unit, a routing protocol simulation unit and a communication link simulation unit, the virtual simulation module builds a virtual network through simulation routing nodes, the routing node simulation unit simulates the routing nodes by using a Docker application container engine, and the nodes are subjected to containerization packaging by using the Docker. Meanwhile, the routing node uses an FRR internet routing protocol suite simulation routing protocol, IS suitable for Linux and Unix platforms, and can realize simulation of three routing protocols of BGP, OSPF and IS-IS. And (5) packaging the FRR into a container by using Docker, and transplanting the packaged FRR to embedded equipment. The embedded device takes the processor as a core, utilizes the hardware resources of the embedded device to perform network simulation, and is free, flexible, convenient to carry and deploy.
And using the Docker to simulate the routing nodes and the communication links, distributing the communication links to the corresponding routing nodes according to the network topology, and configuring the node connection relation. And then opening a control interface preset in the routing node, configuring the running routing protocol for each routing node, reallocating the kernel and the static routing, and exiting after the configuration is finished.
Before network simulation is carried out, the design work of network topology is carried out according to the real requirements, and after the design is finished, a virtual network is built based on a network topology structure. Taking the network topology diagram shown in fig. 3 as an example, the network topology diagram shown in fig. 3 totally includes 11 routing nodes and 13 communication links, and includes three routing protocols of BGP, OSPF, and ISIS, and sets IP addresses of the routing nodes and implements interconnection. Firstly, a routing node is created, as shown in fig. 3, 11 routing nodes are created, after the creation is completed, a corresponding container is generated in the Docker, and meanwhile, a row of identification codes after the creation of the routing node is completed is returned, and after the creation of the routing node is successful, specific information of the node can be queried through a query container list. And then, creating links among the nodes, creating 13 bidirectional communication links as shown in fig. 3, and querying whether the link list is successful after creation. And then configuring the connection relation between each routing node and each communication link according to the network topology diagram shown in the figure 3, and configuring information such as routerID, running routing protocol, IP address and the like of each node. Taking route number 1 as an example, re-allocating the kernel and static route of route number 1, configuring route number 1 to run OSPF routing protocol, setting routeID to 1.0.0.0, allocating communication link, and finally exiting. After the information configuration of all nodes is completed, the corresponding node information can be inquired through the node routing table. The above operation is accomplished by executing the following commands:
docker exec -it route_1 bash
vtysh
configure terminal
router ospf
redistribute kernel
redistribute static
redistribute connected
router-id 1.0.0.0
network 1.0.0.0/24 area 0.0.0.0
network 31.0.0.0/24 area 0.0.0.0；
s2, performing link damage simulation on the constructed virtual network by using a link damage simulation module, and simulating the damage condition of the link by modifying parameters of the communication link, wherein the damage simulation comprises packet delay, packet loss, packet repetition, packet damage and bandwidth limitation;
the link damage simulation module can realize the states of delay, packet loss, repetition and damage on any Docker container, and can realize various attributes and network events under the network performance simulation scene, including delay, packet loss, packer reordering events, accidents and bandwidth rate limitation which occur in repetition, damage or other situations, by calling the netem module of the Linux kernel and combining with a mathematical model to simulate complex link delay, packet loss, repetition and damage.
The link damage simulation module realizes flow control by establishing a queue at a flow output port, receives a packet from an input interface, discards a data packet which does not accord with the regulation through flow limitation, and judges and selects by an input multi-channel distributor: if the received packet is destined for the host, the packet is sent to an upper layer for processing; otherwise, it needs to transmit, and delivers the received packet to the transmitting unit for processing. The forwarding unit also receives the packet generated by the upper layer of the host. The forwarding unit determines the next hop for the processed packet by looking up the routing table. The packets are then arranged to be passed to the output interface. The link damage module can only limit the data packets sent by the network card but can not limit the data packets received by the network card, the transmission rate is controlled by changing the sending sequence, and the flow control is mainly processed and realized when the output interfaces are arranged.
The link damage simulation module is internally provided with a flow framework by utilizing a Linux inner core, and realizes flow speed limitation, flow shaping and strategy application. As shown in fig. 4, flow control is achieved by establishing a queue at the output port. The flow control is realized by controlling queues, the network card of each routing node is associated with one queue, and when the kernel needs to send the packet out of the network card, the packet is firstly added into the queue configured by the network card, and the queue determines the sending sequence of the packet, that is, all the flow control occurs in the queue.
The queues queue and sort different packets according to the flow control requirement, and send the packets in the queues in different orders according to different principles. To accomplish this, these complex queues require the use of different filters to separate packets into different categories, as shown in fig. 5. To configure the flow control of the network card, the following steps are required: configuring a queue for the network card; establishing a classification on the queue; establishing a sub-queue and a sub-classification according to needs; a filter is established for each classification. By controlling the flow, the simulation of packet delay, packet loss, packet repetition and packet damage is realized.
Aiming at the link damage simulation among routing nodes, based on a queue management rule, before a data message reaches a virtual network card, the data message enters different types of queues, and based on different queue rules, the simulation of bandwidth, time delay, packet loss rate, repetition and damage performance parameters in a link is completed;
(1) Bao Yanshi
And the configuration of the link delay can be completed by opening the operation terminal configuration delay setting command of the node and setting the value of delay. Delaying the egress traffic of a given container, the network exhibits variability and therefore random variations can be added; the delay variation is not purely random and therefore the presence of a correlation is to be simulated. The following is the network emulation delay subcommand: the method comprises the following steps of (1) passing command options through standards contacts (RE 2 regex), wherein the selectable model parameters of the command options comprise four types, the first type is delay time and takes millisecond as a unit; the second is random delay variation, in milliseconds, example: 100ms plus or minus 10ms; the third is the delay correlation percentage; the fourth is delay distribution;
(2) Packet loss
And setting a loss value by opening an operation terminal configuration delay setting command of the node, so that the configuration of the link packet loss can be completed. The following is the network emulation packet loss subcommand: the method comprises the following steps that Pumba netem [ loss model ] [ demand options ] clients (name, list of names, RE2 regex), wherein the loss model represents a packet loss model, the system has three types of packet loss models, the first type adds packet loss based on an independent probability model, and optional model parameters comprise packet loss probability and loss correlation. The second method is based on a four-state Markov probability model to add packet loss, and selectable model parameters comprise four packet loss states which are respectively state (1) -data packet successful receiving; state (2) -data packets received within a burst; state (3) -data packet loss within burst; state (4) -orphaned packets lost in the gap. And thirdly, adding data packet loss according to a Gilbert-Elliot loss model, wherein the selectable model parameters comprise probability of converting into a bad state, probability of converting into a good state, loss probability in the bad state and loss probability in the good state.
(3) Packet repetition
And the configuration of the link packet repetition rate can be completed by opening an operation terminal configuration repetition rate setting command of the node and setting the duplicate value. The following is the network emulation packet loss sub-command: the method comprises the steps of adding repeated data packets based on an independent probability model by using a Pumba net duplicate [ command options ] contacts (name, list of names, RE2 regex), wherein optional parameters comprise data packet repetition percentage and repetition correlation percentage.
(4) Bag damage
And the configuration of the link packet repetition rate can be completed by opening the operation terminal configuration repetition rate setting command of the node and setting the value of corrupt. The following is the network emulation packet loss subcommand: the method comprises the steps of providing a universal net corrupts associates (name, list of names, RE2 regex), adding damaged data packets based on an independent probability model, and selecting parameters including the damage percentage of the data packets and the damage correlation percentage.
(5) Bandwidth limiting
Aiming at the bandwidth limitation simulation in the link simulation among the routing nodes, the invention provides a bandwidth limitation interface for a virtual network card of the routing nodes by using a management program of the routing nodes, realizes the bandwidth limitation of the virtual link among the routing nodes, and has the following specific bandwidth limitation process: establishing a connection with a routing node; according to information such as the name and IP address of the routing node, the routing node information can be inquired in a container list of the Docker; in the network topology file, the name of the virtual network card is obtained by opening an operation terminal of the routing node; according to the name of the virtual network card and bandwidth configuration parameters, carrying out bandwidth limitation on the virtual network card of the routing node, wherein the selectable bandwidth configuration parameters comprise average, burst and peak;
s3, performing network test on the network subjected to link damage simulation by using a network test module, wherein the test comprises connectivity test of each layer, throughput test of network element nodes, link damage influence test and end-to-end bandwidth test; the network test module is divided into three parts, including a connectivity test unit, a bandwidth and throughput test unit and a link damage test unit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the connectivity test unit tests the network connection between the node and the target node specified by the user by calling a curl and ping network test tool, determines a communication path between the two nodes according to the node information, and counts all nodes and communication links between the two nodes to be tested. After determining the address of each network hop between the routing nodes, the connectivity test unit may send a sequence ICMP ECHO request to each route to determine the quality of the link to each routing node, and may print operation statistics about each routing node.
The bandwidth and throughput testing unit tests the link bandwidth and the throughput of the routing node by calling iperf3, as shown in fig. 7, when the bandwidth and throughput testing unit is used for testing, one routing node must be set as a user side, and one routing node must be set as a server. Firstly, acquiring node information of a node to be tested, and setting the node to be tested as a user side; selecting one of the rest nodes as a server side; and calling a network test module, and testing the bandwidth between the nodes by using the command.
The main functions of the bandwidth and throughput testing unit are to test the performance of a TCP connection based on a specific path, measure the bandwidth, report the MSS/MTU value size and the observed value, and simultaneously support the TCP window size adjustment through a socket buffer. The most basic measure of TCP connection adaptation is to adjust the size of the TCP window, which controls the size of data that can exist in any network of nodes. If the value is too small, the sender will be idle for some time, affecting the performance of the transmission. The theoretical value of the TCP window size is the product of the link bottleneck bandwidth and round-trip delay. The adjustment window size can be based on a theoretical value, at which the best results are obtained by slowly increasing or decreasing the window size.
The bandwidth and throughput testing unit tests the link bandwidth and the throughput of the routing node, that is, after the connection between the user terminal and the server terminal is established, the user terminal sends a datagram with a certain size and records the sending time, or the user terminal sends data in a certain time and records the total sent data as the throughput of the routing node. The size of the bandwidth is equal to the total data sent divided by the total time sent. For the server, the total data received divided by the time taken during the connection establishment time is the bandwidth measured by the server.
As shown in fig. 8, after the link damage simulation is performed, the link damage test unit is used to record the network condition of each node, and the link damage information is analyzed to form an evaluation result of the link damage influence.
The link damage testing unit records the network condition of the nodes by using an MTR tool, and generates a testing report after testing the routing nodes by using the MTR, wherein the MTR report comprises seven data statistics, a Loss column shows the Loss rate of a data packet at each hop, an Snt column records the number of the data packets sent by the routing nodes, and Last, avg, best and Wrst columns all identify the round-trip time of the data packets and use millisecond expression. Last represents the time taken for the Last packet, avg represents the evaluation time, best and Wrst represent the minimum and maximum times. The last column, stDev, provides the standard deviation of the packet at each routing node. If the standard deviation is higher, the corresponding routing node is more unstable. Testing the network condition of the destination routing node using the MTR tool simultaneously tests the network condition of all routing nodes on the path,
the link damage testing unit captures a data packet of a tested node by using a tcpdump capture tool, the tcpdump receives a packet uploaded from a bottom-layer filter program and prints the packet according to a specified format, and the tcpdump consists of two components, namely a kernel component which is responsible for capturing the packet from a network and possibly filtering the packet; the other is a userspace component, which is responsible for handling the user interface, formatting the display, and completing the incomplete filtering in the kernel. And performing packet analysis on the captured data packets, and analyzing and evaluating packet delay, packet repetition, packet loss and packet damage.
The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, building a virtual network consisting of routing nodes, routing protocols and communication links by using a virtual simulation module;
s2, performing link damage simulation on the constructed virtual network by using a link damage simulation module, and simulating the damage condition of the link by modifying parameters of the communication link, wherein the damage simulation comprises packet delay, packet loss, packet repetition, packet damage and bandwidth limitation;
and S3, performing network test on the network subjected to the link damage simulation by using a network test module, wherein the test comprises connectivity test of each layer, throughput test of network element nodes, link damage influence test and end-to-end bandwidth test.
2. The high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the virtual simulation module comprises a routing node simulation unit, a routing protocol simulation unit and a communication link simulation unit.
3. The high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the routing node simulation unit simulates the routing node by using an application container engine and encapsulates the node by using the container engine.
4. The high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the routing protocol simulation unit simulates a routing protocol by utilizing an internet routing protocol suite and hardware resources based on embedded equipment, wherein the routing protocol comprises BGP, OSPF and IS-IS.
5. The high-applicability light-weight fully-virtual network simulation and test method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the communication link simulation unit simulates communication links among nodes by using an application container engine, configures a medium tool and a link protocol in a link distributed network, and encapsulates the links through the container engine.
6. The high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the link damage simulation module simulates complex link delay, packet loss, repetition and damage by calling a netem module of a Linux kernel and combining a mathematical model, so that various attributes and network events under a network performance simulation scene, including delay, packet loss, packer reordering events, accidents and bandwidth rate limitation which occur under repeated, damaged or other conditions, are realized.
7. The high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the network test module comprises a connectivity test unit, a bandwidth and throughput test unit and a link damage test unit.
8. The high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method according to claim 7, wherein: the connectivity test unit utilizes curl and ping tools to carry out node connectivity test, and the bandwidth and throughput test unit utilizes iperf3 tools to carry out network element throughput test and end-to-end bandwidth test.
9. The high-applicability light-weight full-virtual network simulation and test method according to claim 7, wherein: the link damage testing unit monitors the network condition of the routing node by using an MTR testing tool, counts and records network fluctuation and damage data, prints and generates a testing report, captures a data packet of the routing node by using tcpdump, performs packet analysis on the captured data packet, and analyzes and evaluates packet delay, packet repetition, packet loss and packet damage.
10. An embedded device, characterized by: comprising a processor and a memory, wherein a program is stored in the memory and executed by the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the high-applicability light-weight fully virtual network simulation, test method according to any one of claims 1-9.
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