CN115189419B - Low-carbon scheduling method of equivalent power grid considering trans-regional carbon emission sensitivity - Google Patents

Low-carbon scheduling method of equivalent power grid considering trans-regional carbon emission sensitivity Download PDF

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CN115189419B
CN115189419B CN202210875935.9A CN202210875935A CN115189419B CN 115189419 B CN115189419 B CN 115189419B CN 202210875935 A CN202210875935 A CN 202210875935A CN 115189419 B CN115189419 B CN 115189419B
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邰伟
刘盼盼
钱俊良
周吉
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Liyang Research Institute of Southeast University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G06Q50/06Energy or water supply
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/40Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/58The condition being electrical
    • H02J2310/60Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving

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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-carbon scheduling method of an equivalent power grid considering cross-regional carbon emission sensitivity, which comprises the following steps of firstly tracking carbon emission of an integral power grid. And secondly, aiming at the researched regional power grid, analyzing the interaction boundary and equivalence method of the regional power grid and the external power and carbon emission exchange mechanism. According to the output characteristics and the carbon emission characteristics of the internal power supply and the external power supply of the regional power grid, a low-carbon scheduling method considering sensitivity is constructed. And optimizing the output adjustment priority of each power supply according to the carbon emission contribution degree and the adjustment sensitivity of the internal and external power supplies to the internal load of the regional power grid, and finally realizing the optimal scheduling strategy of the regional power grid carbon emission.

Description

Low-carbon scheduling method of equivalent power grid considering trans-regional carbon emission sensitivity
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low carbon, and particularly relates to a low-carbon scheduling method of an equivalent power grid considering cross-regional carbon emission sensitivity.
Background
In recent years, due to the fact that the social and economic development is excessively dependent on fossil energy, energy resources are exhausted gradually, meanwhile, the greenhouse effect is increased increasingly due to large carbon emission, extreme weather is frequent, and high-proportion renewable energy is accessed to bring more and more serious challenges to power grid operation. In the low-carbon research of the power grid, the carbon flow condition and the power grid carbon distribution condition in the running process of the power grid need to be mastered, and the power grid carbon emission reduction is promoted according to the staged double-carbon targets.
Because the time-space scale distribution of the carbon flow in the power grid is not clear, the regulation and control basis is lacked. Under the double-carbon target, the traditional regulation and control mode of the power grid is fundamentally changed, how to study the multi-factor operation situation sensing technology of the low-carbon power grid taking the carbon footprint into account, the power grid is regulated and controlled under the double-carbon target, and the reduction of the carbon emission of the power grid is one of the problems which are urgently needed to be solved at present on the premise of ensuring the safety and stability of the power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the carbon emission factors of various units and loads cannot be considered in the existing dispatching process, and meanwhile, when a power grid topology model is too complex, the simplification equivalence cannot be carried out only for a target power grid, and meanwhile, the carbon emission mapping relation of an inner power grid and an outer power grid is still reserved, the invention provides an equivalent power grid low-carbon dispatching method considering the trans-regional carbon emission sensitivity, and adopts the following technical scheme.
A low-carbon scheduling method of an equivalent power grid considering cross-regional carbon emission sensitivity comprises the following steps:
s1, tracking the carbon footprint of an overall power grid, and solving the overall carbon emission factor of the load according to the power source composition of each load node in the power grid and the carbon emission factor of a power supply;
s2, determining the equivalence of the interaction boundary of the internal and external power grids and the external power grid;
s3, aiming at the power generation nodes of the internal power grid, dispatching is directly carried out according to an optimal output strategy, aiming at the power generation nodes outside the area, according to the output strategy of an external equivalent power supply and the actual power source of the external equivalent power supply, the output adjustment quantity of the external actual corresponding power generation nodes is calculated, and finally the optimal low-carbon dispatching output strategy of the actual power grid is generated.
Further, in step S1, the method specifically includes:
s11, taking the generated power of a certain node i in the power grid as a starting point, and assuming that the generated power is G i Load power L i The total power of the flowing line is P in The total power of the outflow line is P out Then according to the power balance equation, the relation is that
P out +L i =G i +P in
S12, in each outflow line of the node, due to the balance of power flow, the duty ratio of the generated power from the node i in each line is equal to the duty ratio of the generated power from the node i in the total power of the outflow lines, so that the generated power from the node i in each outflow line power is calculated as follows:
wherein line j is all outgoing lines of node i, P j For the total power of line j,for generating force G from electricity on line j i Where the load L is i Also regarded as an outgoing line of node I, I 1 ~I x For the line flowing into node i,respectively are line I 1 ~I x From the power generation G i Is a power of (2);
s13, assuming that m nodes and n lines are shared in the network, performing related operation on each other node and outflow lines thereof, calculating the power generated from node i in each line, and constructing all equations into an equation setIs common toUnknown variables and n equations represented by n outflow lines, so that a unique solution can be solved;
s14, solving all the power generation nodes, and solving the power from each power generation node in each line;
s15, according to a node power equation, solving the power source of each load node:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofGenerating power from node k for node i load power, +.>For the sum of the power from node k generated power in all lines flowing into node i load power,/>The sum of the power from node k generated power in all outgoing lines for node i load power.
S16, according to the power source composition of each load node and the carbon emission factor of the power supply, the whole carbon emission factor of the load can be obtained as follows.
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofAnd->Respectively node i loadsCarbon emission factor of power versus node k generated power.
Further, in step S2, the process of determining the interaction boundary between the internal and external power grids and the external power grid is as follows:
(4) According to the studied power grid region, nodes inside the region are internal power grid nodes, lines connecting the two internal power grid nodes are internal power grid lines, other nodes are defined as external power grid nodes, lines connecting the internal power grid node and the external power grid node are defined as interactive lines, and the external power grid nodes connected with the interactive lines are called interactive nodes;
(5) The equivalence method for the interaction node is as follows:
if the power of the interaction line flows into the interaction node in a net way, the node is an equivalent external load, the inflow is positive, the outflow is negative, the load size is the sum of the net powers of all the interaction lines on the node, and the load carbon emission factor is the average carbon emission factor of the power of all the interaction lines of the node;
if the power of the interaction line flows out of the interaction node, the node is an equivalent external power supply, the inflow is negative, the outflow is positive, the power supply size is the sum of the net powers of all the interaction lines on the node, and the power supply carbon emission factor is the average carbon emission factor of the power of all the interaction lines of the node;
(6) And recombining the internal power grid nodes, the interactive lines, the equivalent external power supply and the equivalent external load into an equivalent power grid, simplifying the original power grid structure, and being used for researching low-carbon optimization scheduling of the internal power grid.
Further, the optimal low-carbon dispatching method for the power grid in the step S3 comprises the following steps:
assuming that there are m power generation nodes in the grid,
(1) Let i=1, increase its output by a small amount Δg for the power supply of node i i Carrying out tide calculation and carbon flow tracking again, and calculating the carbon emission increment delta E of all loads in the interior L Sensitivity factor S of the power supply to regional load carbon emission i Is that
(2) Calculating sensitivity factor S of all power supply nodes 1 ~S m The power generation nodes with the minimum sensitivity and the output up-regulating space are newly added with smaller output delta G according to the sequence from small to large, and meanwhile, the output delta G is reduced according to the power generation nodes with the maximum sensitivity and the output down-regulating space, so that the power output combination is regenerated;
(3) Repeating the steps 1-2 until the load carbon emission of the internal power grid meets the requirement or all node output adjustment margins are used up, and generating an optimal low-carbon dispatching output strategy of the equivalent power grid;
(4) And aiming at the power generation nodes of the internal power grid, dispatching is directly carried out according to an optimal output strategy, and aiming at the power generation nodes outside the area, according to the output strategy of an external equivalent power supply and the actual power source of the external equivalent power supply, the output adjustment quantity of the external actual corresponding power generation nodes is calculated, and finally the optimal low-carbon dispatching output strategy of the actual power grid is generated.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the low-carbon scheduling method of the equivalent power grid considering the trans-regional carbon emission sensitivity, disclosed by the invention, the logic is clear, the boundary is clear, the topological complexity of a power grid model can be greatly reduced, the optimal target of the regional power grid carbon emission is aimed at, the cooperative adjustment of the inside and outside power supplies of a region is realized, and the low-carbon emission reduction of a key region is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a grid topology node diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the power grid carbon footprint trace results of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an internal grid equivalent diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the carbon footprint results of the grid after low-carbon dispatch of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment provides a low-carbon scheduling method of an equivalent power grid considering cross-regional carbon emission sensitivity.
The power grid topological diagram is shown in fig. 1, wherein nodes 1-6 belong to internal power grid nodes, and nodes 7-13 belong to external power grid nodes. The power generation capacity and active load conditions of each node are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The nodes 1, 4, 10 and 13 are nodes where the generator is located, the carbon emission factors are 0.9, 0.4, 0.8 and 0.5t/MWh respectively, and other nodes are load nodes.
According to the power grid carbon footprint tracking algorithm, the source load carbon emission transmission relation in the original network can be solved, and the result is shown in fig. 2. The power on each line and load is split into the sum of four sources, the four sources are respectively arranged from small to large according to the serial numbers of the generators, and on the basis, the carbon emission of each load node can be calculated according to the power from each power supply and the carbon emission factor of the power supply.
According to the external power grid equivalence method, in order to concentrate on the study of the internal power grid, only nodes and lines connected with the internal power grid are reserved, and the interactive nodes are subjected to equivalence, so that the power grid scale can be reduced, as shown in fig. 3. According to the power flow relation, nodes 10-13 are omitted, node 7 is equivalent to a load, nodes 8-9 are equivalent to a power supply, and the power source components of all equivalent nodes are reserved.
And performing low-carbon dispatching on the internal power grid in the equivalent power grid, and performing low-carbon dispatching on the internal power grid according to the new power grid topological relation. And carrying out iterative calculation and side-by-side adjustment on the influence of the four power supplies on the carbon emission factors of the internal power grid until the adjustable margin of all the power supplies reaches the upper limit or the carbon emission of the internal power grid cannot be further reduced. The result of the optimized scheduling is shown in fig. 4. For ease of understanding, the power output is still converted to the original four actual power outputs, and it can be found that the generator set output changes at nodes 1, 4, 10, 13 are-2, +1, -1, +2MW, respectively.
The internal grid load carbon emission changes before and after optimization are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Node sequence number Carbon emission before optimization (t/h) Carbon emission after optimization (t/h) Difference value
1 0 0 0
2 5.99 5.6859 -0.3041
3 6.39 5.7885 -0.6015
4 0 0 0
5 0.4 0.4 0
6 5.52 5.2256 -0.2944
Summary 18.3 17.1 -1.2
Wherein, except for the node 5, the load carbon emission is unchanged, the carbon emission of other loads is reduced, and the carbon emission of the internal power grid is reduced by 1.2t/h as a whole.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. A low-carbon scheduling method of an equivalent power grid considering trans-regional carbon emission sensitivity is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, tracking the carbon footprint of an overall power grid, and solving the overall carbon emission factor of the load according to the power source composition of each node with load power in the power grid and the carbon emission factor of a power supply;
s2, determining an interaction boundary of the internal power grid and the external power grid, and recombining an internal power grid node, an interaction line, an external equivalent power supply and an equivalent external load into an equivalent power grid;
s3, aiming at nodes with power generation of the internal power grid, dispatching is directly carried out according to an optimal low-carbon dispatching output strategy of the internal power grid, and aiming at nodes with power generation of the external power grid, according to the output strategy of the external equivalent power source and the actual power source of the external equivalent power source, the output adjustment quantity of the nodes with power generation of the external equivalent power source is calculated, and finally the optimal low-carbon dispatching output strategy of the actual power grid is generated;
the step S1 method specifically comprises the following steps:
s11, taking a certain node i in the power grid as a starting point, and assuming that the power generation output is G i Load power L i The total power of the flowing line is P in The total power of the outflow line is P out Then according to the power balance equation, the relation is that
P out +L i =G i +P in
S12, in each outflow line of the node, due to the balance of power flow, the duty ratio of the generated power from the node i in each line is equal to the duty ratio of the generated power from the node i in the total power of the outflow lines, so that the generated power from the node i in each outflow line power is calculated as follows:
all outgoing lines O, where line j is node i 1 ,O 2 ,...,O y ,P j For the total power of line j,for generating force G from electricity on line j i Where the load power is L i Is also regarded as an outgoing line of node I, I 1 ~I x For the line flowing into node i>Respectively are line I 1 ~I x From the power generation G i Is a power of (2);
s13, assuming that m nodes and n lines are in total in the network, carrying out related operation on each other node and the outflow line thereof,calculating the power generated from the node i in each line, and constructing all equations into a system of equations, which are sharedUnknown variables and n equations represented by n lines, so that a unique solution can be solved;
s14, solving all nodes with power generation, and solving the power from each node with power generation in each line;
s15, according to a node power equation, solving the power source of each node with load power:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofGenerating power from node k for load power of node i, +.>For the sum of the power from node k generated power in all lines flowing into node i load power,/>The sum of the power from node k generated power in all outgoing lines for node i load power;
s16, according to the power source composition of each node with load power and the carbon emission factor of the power supply, the whole carbon emission factor of the load can be calculated as follows
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofAnd->The carbon emission factors of the load power of the node i and the power generated by the node k are respectively;
the specific method of the step S2 is as follows:
s21, according to a researched power grid area, nodes inside the area are internal power grid nodes, lines connecting the two internal power grid nodes are internal power grid lines, other nodes are defined as external power grid nodes, lines connecting the internal power grid node and the external power grid node are defined as interactive lines, and the external power grid nodes connected with the interactive lines are called interactive nodes;
s22, the equivalence method for the interaction node is as follows:
if the power of the interaction line flows into the interaction node in a net way, the node is an equivalent external load, the inflow is positive, the outflow is negative, the load size is the sum of the net powers of all the interaction lines on the node, and the load carbon emission factor is the average carbon emission factor of the power of all the interaction lines of the node;
if the power of the interaction line flows out of the interaction node, the node is an external equivalent power supply, the inflow is negative, the outflow is positive, the power supply size is the sum of the net powers of all the interaction lines on the node, and the power supply carbon emission factor is the average carbon emission factor of the power of all the interaction lines of the node;
s23, recombining the internal power grid nodes, the interactive lines, the external equivalent power supply and the equivalent external load into an equivalent power grid, simplifying the original power grid structure, and researching low-carbon optimization scheduling of the internal power grid;
the step S3 method specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, assuming that p nodes with generating power exist in the power grid, enabling i to be 1, and enabling the output of a power supply of the node i to be increased by a small amount delta G i Carrying out tide calculation and carbon footprint tracking again, and calculating the carbon emission increment delta E of all loads in the interior L Sensitivity factor S of the power supply to regional load carbon emission i Is that
S32, calculating sensitivity factors S of all nodes with generated power 1 ~S p The power generation method comprises the steps of sorting from small to large, adding a small output delta G to a node with power generation power, which has the smallest sensitivity and has an output up-regulating space, reducing the output delta G to a node with power generation power, which has the largest sensitivity and has an output down-regulating space, and regenerating a power supply output combination;
s33, repeating the steps S31-S32 until the load carbon emission of the internal power grid meets the requirement or all node output adjustment margins are used up, and generating an optimal low-carbon dispatching output strategy of the internal power grid;
s34, aiming at the node with the generated power of the internal power grid, dispatching is directly carried out according to the optimal low-carbon dispatching output strategy of the internal power grid, and aiming at the node with the generated power of the external power grid, according to the output strategy of the external equivalent power source and the actual power source of the external equivalent power source, the output adjustment quantity of the node with the generated power, which is actually corresponding to the outside, is calculated, and finally the optimal low-carbon dispatching output strategy of the actual power grid is generated.
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