CN115189137A - Double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna with wide wave beam and broadband dual polarization - Google Patents
Double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna with wide wave beam and broadband dual polarization Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-beam broadband dual-polarized double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna, which belongs to the technical field of communication and comprises the following components: the double-layer electric dipole, the magnetic dipole, the feed structure and the special-shaped reflection cavity are arranged on the bottom of the double-layer electric dipole; the upper end of the magnetic dipole is connected with the double-layer electric dipole, and the lower end of the magnetic dipole is connected with the special-shaped reflecting cavity; the feed structure is used for coupling feed of a pair of orthogonally arranged gradient inverted L-shaped metal strips. The invention improves and innovatively designs the upper-layer large oscillator structure and the regular cavity of the double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna, finally realizes the wide beam performance, and solves the problems that the conventional magnetoelectric dipole antenna has narrow beam width and is limited to the application scene which needs a large-angle radiation range for coverage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a wide-beam broadband dual-polarized double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna.
Background
The rapid development of microwave radio frequency technology has led to an increasing number of radio systems such as mobile communication, military radar and electronic countermeasure, and the spectrum resources are increasingly strained. In order to ensure the accuracy of systems such as electronic reconnaissance, radar detection and the like in a complex electromagnetic environment, the antenna is required to have a wide beam width, and in order to ensure the effectiveness and reliability of a communication system, the antenna is often required to have wide beam performance.
The HPBW of a conventional magnetoelectric dipole antenna on the E-plane and the H-plane is about 70 °, and the HPBW of the radiation pattern of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is narrower (generally about 45 °) when the reflective ground of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is a metal cavity. Therefore, for an application scene requiring large-angle coverage of a radiation range, the beam width of a conventional magnetoelectric dipole is far from sufficient, and antenna designers perform a great deal of design research on a wide-beam antenna according to application requirements.
The prior art provides an H-plane wide-beam dual-linear polarization magnetoelectric dipole antenna which comprises two improved inverted L-shaped feed structures, four V-shaped structures, two pairs of folded electric dipoles, four vertical short-circuit patches and a reflecting ground, wherein the antenna widens the beam width of an H plane of the antenna by introducing additional equivalent magnetic dipoles through four vertical walls, the walls of the folded electric dipoles and the edges of the ground are fixed, the H plane HPBW of two polarization planes is respectively 214.03 degrees and 212.16 degrees at most within 66.7 percent (VSWR < 1.5) of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna.
The wide-beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna has the advantages that the middle part of a ground plane is folded upwards, the vertical short-circuit patch and the horizontal patch are divided into three parts, the H-plane beam width of the antenna is widened, the HPBW of the H plane can be stabilized at about 120 degrees within 41% of impedance bandwidth with VSWR <2, the wide-beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna has good radiation characteristics, a symmetrical unidirectional radiation directional diagram, low cross polarization and low back lobe radiation.
In summary, in the conventional wide beam design of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna, the beam width of only one plane is often widened in the wide beam design.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the wide-beam broadband dual-polarized double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna provided by the invention solves the problems that the conventional magnetoelectric dipole antenna is narrow in beam width and relatively limited in application scenes which need to be covered by a large angle in a radiation range.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna with wide beam broadband dual polarization comprises: the double-layer electric dipole, the magnetic dipole, the feed structure and the special-shaped reflection cavity are arranged;
the upper end of the magnetic dipole is connected with the double-layer electric dipole, and the lower end of the magnetic dipole is connected with the special-shaped reflecting cavity; the feed structure is used for coupling feed of a pair of orthogonally arranged gradient inverted L-shaped metal strips.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: the invention uses the special-shaped reflecting cavity structure to widen the beam width of the antenna, so that the beam coverage range is enlarged; the antenna has different working modes in high and low frequency bands by adopting a double-layer electric dipole structure, one more working mode is added in the high frequency band and the low frequency band, the working bandwidth of the antenna is widened, and the problems that the conventional magnetoelectric dipole antenna has narrow beam width and is limited to an application scene needing large-angle coverage in a radiation range are solved.
Further, the double-layer electric dipole is of a double-layer structure and comprises an upper-layer large oscillator and a lower-layer small oscillator, wherein the upper-layer large oscillator is of a folded hollow structure.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: compared with the traditional magnetoelectric dipole antenna, the double-layer dipole antenna has the advantages that the double-layer dipole structure introduces a new resonance mode in a high-frequency working frequency band, so that a wider antenna bandwidth is obtained, the upper-layer large dipole is folded, the antenna beam width is increased, and the upper-layer large dipole is of a hollow structure so as to reduce electromagnetic shielding of the lower-layer small dipole.
Furthermore, the magnetic dipole is a pair of vertical rectangular short-circuit patches, the upper ends of the vertical rectangular short-circuit patches are connected with the double-layer electric dipole, and the lower ends of the vertical rectangular short-circuit patches are connected with the special-shaped reflection cavity.
Furthermore, a rectangular groove is formed in the edge of the upper-layer large vibrator, two notches are formed in the joint of the upper-layer large vibrator and the vertical rectangular short-circuit patch, and the lower-layer small vibrator is connected with the edge of the notch of the vertical rectangular short-circuit patch.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: according to the invention, the notch is formed at the connection part of the edge of the large vibrator and the vertical rectangular short-circuit patch, so that the lower layer small vibrator can be better excited by the feed structure, and the upper layer large vibrator can not shield the radiation of the lower layer small vibrator.
Furthermore, the special-shaped reflecting cavity is a double-cavity circular cavity, four inward-folded fan-shaped annular structures are symmetrically arranged on the outer edge of the special-shaped reflecting cavity along the gap between the upper-layer large oscillator and the lower-layer small oscillator, and protruding sawteeth are arranged on the inner cavity of the special-shaped reflecting cavity.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: compared with a regular round cavity, the special-shaped reflecting cavity used by the invention can form secondary radiation at the special-shaped reflecting cavity, so that the beam width of the antenna is expanded, and the inward-folded fan-shaped structure arranged in the special-shaped reflecting cavity reduces the radiation aperture of the antenna and also expands the beam width of the antenna.
And furthermore, the double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna uses two SMA coaxial connectors for feeding, an inner conductor of each SMA coaxial connector is connected with the bottom end of the feed of the gradually-changed inverted L-shaped metal strip, and an outer conductor of each SMA coaxial connector is connected with the special-shaped reflection cavity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a 3D structural diagram of an antenna.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the antenna.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the antenna.
Fig. 4 is a tapered feed structure.
Figure 5 is a shaped reflective cavity.
Fig. 6 is a physical diagram of the antenna.
FIG. 7 is a graph of simulated and measured standing wave ratios.
FIG. 8 is the isolation between simulation and actual measurement.
Fig. 9 is a simulated and measured normalized E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna at different frequency points.
The antenna of fig. 10 simulates and actually measures normalized H-plane radiation patterns at different frequency points.
The structure comprises 1-double-layer electric dipole, 2-magnetic dipole, 3-feed structure, 4-special-shaped reflection cavity, 5-side structure of double-layer electric dipole, and 6-two notches at the connection position of upper layer large oscillator and vertical rectangular short-circuit patch.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a wide-beam broadband dual-polarized double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna, comprising: the double-layer electric dipole 1, the magnetic dipole 2, the feed structure 3 and the special-shaped reflection cavity 4;
the upper end of the magnetic dipole 2 is connected with the double-layer electric dipole 1, and the lower end of the magnetic dipole 2 is connected with the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4; the feed structure 3 is a pair of orthogonally arranged gradient inverted L-shaped metal strips for coupling feed. The double-layer electric dipole 1 is of a double-layer structure, the double-layer electric dipole 1 comprises an upper-layer large vibrator and a lower-layer small vibrator, and the upper-layer large vibrator is of a folded hollow structure. The magnetic dipole 2 is a pair of vertical rectangular short circuit patches, the upper ends of the vertical rectangular short circuit patches are connected with the double-layer electric dipole 1, and the lower ends of the vertical rectangular short circuit patches are connected with the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4. The edge of the upper-layer large vibrator is provided with a rectangular groove, the joint of the upper-layer large vibrator and the vertical rectangular short-circuit patch is provided with two notches, and the lower-layer small vibrator is connected with the notch edge of the vertical rectangular short-circuit patch. The special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 is a double-cavity circular cavity, four inward-folded fan-shaped ring structures are symmetrically arranged on the edge part of the outer edge of the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 along the gap between the upper-layer large vibrator and the lower-layer small vibrator, and protruding sawteeth are arranged on the inner cavity of the special-shaped reflecting cavity. The double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna uses two SMA coaxial connectors for feeding, an inner conductor of each SMA coaxial connector is connected with the feeding bottom end of the tapered inverted L-shaped metal strip, and an outer conductor of each SMA coaxial connector is connected with the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4. As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the parameters of the dual-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna are as follows:
the height H1 of the upper-layer large vibrator in the double-layer electric dipole 1 is 19mm;
the height H2 of the small vibrator on the middle lower layer of the double-layer electric dipole 1 is 15mm;
the outer cavity height Ho of the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 is 14mm;
the height Hi of the inner cavity of the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 is 19mm;
the outer cavity diameter Do of the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 is 86mm;
the diameter Di of the inner cavity of the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 is 61.6mm;
the angle theta 1 of an opening ring on the inner cavity of the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 is 40 degrees;
the angle theta 2 of the interval of the protruding sawteeth on the inner cavity in the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 is 6 degrees;
the height Hs of an opening ring on the inner cavity in the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 is 10mm;
the length L1 of the upper-layer large oscillator in the double-layer electric dipole 1 is 19mm;
the length L2 of the small vibrator on the lower layer in the double-layer electric dipole 1 is 7.7mm;
the length L3 of the notch of the upper layer large oscillator in the double-layer electric dipole 1 is 10mm;
the height H3 of the cut of the vertical rectangular short circuit patch is 3mm;
the distance Ly between the inward folded fan-shaped ring structure of the special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 and the central origin is 28mm;
the height Hf of the feed structure 3 is 16mm;
the length Lf of the feed structure 3 is 12mm;
the width Wf of the feed structure 3 is 4mm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the upper layer large oscillator structure and the regular cavity of the double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna are improved and innovatively designed, and finally the wide beam performance is realized. As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a specific structure of a magnetoelectric dipole antenna after a wide-beam design, where fig. 1 is a 3D structural diagram of the antenna, fig. 2 and 3 are a side view and a top view of the antenna, respectively, and fig. 2 is a side structure 5 of a double-layer electric dipole. The double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna comprises a double-layer electric dipole 1, a magnetic dipole 2, a feed structure 3 and a special-shaped reflection cavity 4, wherein two notches are formed in the joint of an upper-layer large oscillator of the double-layer electric dipole 1 and the magnetic dipole 2, namely the two notches 6 in the joint of the upper-layer large oscillator and a vertical rectangular short-circuit patch, and a lower-layer small oscillator is connected to the edge of the notch of the vertical rectangular short-circuit patch. The double-layer electric dipole 1 is designed to be of a double-layer structure comprising an upper-layer large oscillator and a lower-layer small oscillator, and the upper-layer large oscillator is of a hollow structure so as to reduce electromagnetic shielding of the lower-layer small oscillator. Compared with the traditional magnetoelectric dipole antenna, the double-layer oscillator structure introduces a new resonance mode in a high-frequency working frequency band, so that a wider antenna bandwidth is obtained, and an upper-layer large oscillator is folded in order to increase the beam width of the antenna. The magnetic dipoles 2 are two pairs of vertical rectangular short circuit patches, the upper ends of the magnetic dipoles are connected with the double-layer electric dipole 1, and the lower ends of the magnetic dipoles are connected with the reflecting cavity 3; the feed structure 3 of the double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna uses a pair of orthogonally arranged gradient inverted-L-shaped metal strips for coupling feed. The double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna uses two 50 omega SMA coaxial connectors to feed the double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna, an inner conductor of the SMA coaxial connectors is connected with the feed bottom end of the gradient type inverted-L-shaped metal strip, an outer conductor of the SMA coaxial connectors is connected with the special-shaped radiation cavity 4, and a feed structure 3 of the wide-beam double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna is shown in figure 4. The special-shaped reflecting cavity 4 is a double-cavity circular cavity, four inward-folded fan-shaped ring structures are symmetrically arranged on the edge part of the outer cavity along the gap between the vibrators, and protruding sawteeth are arranged on the inner cavity of the special-shaped reflecting cavity.
In one embodiment of the invention, the designed wide-beam antenna is actually processed and manufactured by adopting a mechanical finish machining mode, the whole antenna is processed by adopting an aluminum alloy material, a polytetrafluoroethylene is used for supporting and fixing the antenna radiation structure and the feeding part at the bottom of the antenna, and two SMA coaxial connectors are used for feeding at the bottom of the antenna. The assembled antenna is shown in fig. 5.
In an embodiment of the invention, a vector network analyzer is used for measuring the standing wave ratio and the isolation degree of two ports of an antenna, standing wave ratio curves of simulation and actual measurement of the two ports of the antenna are shown in fig. 6, and it can be seen from the graph that the standing wave ratio curves of the simulation and the actual measurement are slightly deviated to a low frequency direction in a high frequency band, the resonance depth is changed, the VSWR is slightly larger than 2 near 4.5, 8 and 9GHz, other frequency points are well matched, and the difference between the simulation and the actual measurement is within an acceptable range. Fig. 7 shows a comparison between simulation and actual measurement isolation curves of two ports of an antenna, where the actual measurement curves are offset from the simulation curves in a high frequency band and the actual measurement isolation curves fluctuate greatly in a low frequency band. Above-mentioned error probably derives from antenna structure is too compact, and radiation structure is nearer with special-shaped chamber distance, and the machining precision influences the test result of antenna great, and antenna radiation structure is connected for the mosaic with the cavity, probably leads to contact failure, leads to the test result to have the error. The measured average impedance bandwidth of the two ports is 128% (2.32-10.57 GHz) (VSWR < 2), and the isolation of the two ports of the antenna is more than 15dB in the working bandwidth.
In one embodiment of the invention, two port radiation patterns of a designed wide beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna are respectively tested by using a microwave darkroom. Fig. 8 and 9 show the comparison between simulation and actual measurement of normalized radiation patterns of the E-plane and the H-plane of two ports of the antenna, respectively, where in fig. 8, (a) (b) (c) is the actual measurement result of the first simulation of the port, and (d) (E) (f) is the actual measurement result of the second simulation of the port, and in fig. 9, (a) (b) (c) is the actual measurement result of the first simulation of the port, and (d) (E) (f) is the actual measurement result of the second simulation of the port, and it can be seen from the figure that the simulation and the actual measurement results of the antenna at typical frequency points are substantially the same, in the design frequency band of the wide beam of the antenna, the beam widths of the antenna pattern at the E-plane and the H-plane are wide, the radiation pattern at the E-plane achieves good wide beam performance in the frequency band with the relative bandwidth of 64.9% (2.5-4.9 GHz), and the radiation pattern at the H-plane achieves good wide beam performance in the frequency band with the relative bandwidth of 32.6% (4.1-5.7 GHz).
In one embodiment of the invention, the double-layer oscillator structure is used to widen the working bandwidth of the antenna, so that the working bandwidth of the antenna is 128% of impedance bandwidth (VSWR < 2), the double-cavity type special-shaped cavity and the folded oscillator structure are used to widen the beam width of the E surface and the H surface of the antenna, and good wide beam performance can be realized in 64.9% (2.5-4.9 GHz) and 32.6% (4.1-5.7 GHz) frequency bands respectively.
Claims (6)
1. A double-deck magnetoelectric dipole antenna of wide wave beam broadband double polarization which characterized in that includes: the double-layer electric dipole (1), the magnetic dipole (2), the feed structure (3) and the special-shaped reflection cavity (4);
the upper end of the magnetic dipole (2) is connected with the double-layer electric dipole (1), and the lower end of the magnetic dipole (2) is connected with the special-shaped reflection cavity (4); the feed structure (3) is used for coupling and feeding a pair of orthogonally arranged gradient inverted L-shaped metal strips.
2. The wide-beam broadband dual-polarized double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein the double-layer electric dipole (1) has a double-layer structure, the double-layer electric dipole (1) comprises an upper-layer large oscillator and a lower-layer small oscillator, and the upper-layer large oscillator has a folded hollow structure.
3. The wide-beam broadband dual-polarized double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic dipole (2) is a pair of vertical rectangular short-circuit patches, the upper ends of the vertical rectangular short-circuit patches are connected with the double-layer electric dipole (1), and the lower ends of the vertical rectangular short-circuit patches are connected with the special-shaped reflection cavity (4).
4. The wide-beam broadband dual-polarized double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 3, wherein a rectangular groove is formed in the edge of the upper-layer large oscillator, two notches are formed in the joint of the upper-layer large oscillator and the vertical rectangular short-circuit patch, and the lower-layer small oscillator is connected with the edge of the notch of the vertical rectangular short-circuit patch.
5. The wide-beam broadband dual-polarized double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to claim 4, wherein the special-shaped reflection cavity (4) is a double-cavity circular cavity, four inward-folded fan-ring structures are symmetrically arranged on the outer edge portion of the special-shaped reflection cavity (4) along a gap between the upper-layer large oscillator and the lower-layer small oscillator, and protruding saw teeth are arranged on the inner cavity of the special-shaped reflection cavity.
6. The wide-beam broadband dual-polarized double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the double-layer magnetoelectric dipole antenna uses two SMA coaxial connectors for feeding, an inner conductor of the SMA coaxial connectors is connected with a feeding bottom end of a tapered inverted L-shaped metal strip, and an outer conductor of the SMA coaxial connectors is connected with a specially-shaped reflection cavity (4).
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20160226156A1 (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-08-04 | City University Of Hong Kong | Dual polarized high gain and wideband complementary antenna |
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| CN107104272A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Wideband dual polarized electromagnetic dipole antenna |
| CN111463556A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-28 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Wide-beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna |
| CN112787084A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 华南理工大学 | Millimeter wave differential feed dual-polarization wide beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna |
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- 2022-06-27 CN CN202210736066.1A patent/CN115189137B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160226156A1 (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-08-04 | City University Of Hong Kong | Dual polarized high gain and wideband complementary antenna |
| WO2017003374A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | Matsing Pte Ltd | Dual polarized radiator for lens antennas |
| CN107104272A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Wideband dual polarized electromagnetic dipole antenna |
| CN111463556A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-28 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Wide-beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna |
| CN112787084A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 华南理工大学 | Millimeter wave differential feed dual-polarization wide beam magnetoelectric dipole antenna |
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| SHI LUYAO 等: "An Improved Wideband Dipole Antenna for Global Navigation Satellite System", 《IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS》, 9 July 2014 (2014-07-09) * |
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