CN115188615A - Switch unit, isolating switch and power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a switch unit, isolator and power supply system, relate to low-voltage apparatus technical field, the switch unit of this application, including the casing that has the cavity, the dislocation is provided with the static contact on the relative both sides wall that sets up along the first direction for the casing, the static contact extends to in the cavity, set up the moving contact that is driven to rotate in the cavity, the both ends of moving contact present the combined floodgate state with the static contact of both sides respectively or separate and present the state of separating brake in rotating, under the combined floodgate state, the contained angle of the extending direction of moving contact and second direction is between 15-65, be provided with the explosion chamber along the relative both sides of second direction in the cavity, the explosion chamber sets up in the static contact and keeps away from one side of moving contact, and extend the range along the moving contact direction, first direction is perpendicular with the second direction. The application provides a switch unit, isolator and power supply system can improve switch unit's arc extinguishing effect.

Description

Switch unit, isolating switch and power supply system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of low-voltage electrical appliances, in particular to a switch unit, an isolating switch and a power supply system.

Background

The development history of the switch is from the original knife switch which needs manual operation to the intelligent switch which is applied to various large electrical control equipment, the functions of the switch are more and more, and the safety is higher and higher, wherein the isolating switch is a switch device which isolates a power supply, performs switching operation and is used for connecting and cutting off a small current circuit. When the isolating switch is in the opening position, the contacts have insulation distance meeting the specified requirements and obvious disconnection marks; in the closed position, it can carry current under normal loop conditions and current under abnormal conditions (e.g., short circuit) for a specified period of time.

The conventional isolating switch comprises a rotary isolating switch and a direct-acting isolating switch, and for the rotary isolating switch, the rotary isolating switch is composed of a shell and a contact component arranged in the shell, wherein the contact component comprises a contact support and a moving contact arranged on two sides of the contact support, the shell is provided with a static contact used for contacting with the moving contact to conduct electricity, an operating mechanism drives the contact support to rotate, so that the moving contact rotates in the shell to be contacted with or separated from the static contact, and the function of connecting or isolating a conducting loop is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the application is to provide a switch unit, isolator and power supply system, can improve switch unit's arc extinguishing effect.

An embodiment of the application provides a switch unit on the one hand, including the casing that has the cavity, the dislocation is provided with the static contact on the relative both sides wall that sets up of casing along first direction, the static contact extends to in the cavity, set up the moving contact that drives the rotation in the cavity, the both ends of moving contact respectively with the static contact of both sides in the rotation present combined floodgate state or the separation presents the separating brake state, under the combined floodgate state, the contained angle of the extending direction of moving contact and second direction is between 15-65, be provided with the explosion chamber along the relative both sides of second direction in the cavity, the explosion chamber sets up in the static contact and keeps away from one side of moving contact, and extend the range along moving contact rotation direction, first direction is perpendicular with the second direction.

As an implementation mode, the arc extinguish chamber includes a first section disposed along a rotation direction of the moving contact and a second section connected to the first section, the first section is disposed near the static contact, and a projection of the first section and the static contact along a second direction are partially overlapped, the first section is provided with a plurality of first grid pieces having a first preset included angle, the second section is provided with a plurality of second grid pieces extending along a radial direction of the chamber, and a curvature of the first section is smaller than a curvature of the second section.

As an implementable manner, the first segment includes a straight segment or a first arc segment, and the second segment includes a second arc segment, wherein a curvature of the first arc segment is smaller than a curvature of the second arc segment.

As an implementable mode, the end faces of the first grid sheet and the second grid sheet facing the moving contact are both concave inwards to form a first gap, part of the bottom wall of the first gap is concave inwards to form a second gap, two adjacent second gaps are arranged in a staggered mode in a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the plane where the first direction and the second direction are located.

As a practical mode, the ratio of the shortest distance between two adjacent second gaps along the third direction to the distance between two adjacent grid pieces is Y, wherein Y is more than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1.5.

As a practical way, the first notch further comprises a side wall connected with two ends of the bottom wall, the side wall extends along the second direction, and the included angle between the side wall and the bottom wall is 110-150 degrees.

As an implementable manner, the movable contact is driven to rotate so as to enable the end part of the movable contact to pass through the first gap, and the distance between the end part of the movable contact and the side wall of the first gap is 0.4-4 mm.

As an implementation mode, the second grid plate comprises a first long grid plate and a first short grid plate which are alternately arranged at intervals, the end parts of the first long grid plate and the first short grid plate, which are far away from the moving contact, are positioned on the same arc line, the distance between the end part of the first long grid plate, which is close to the moving contact, and the rotating center of the moving contact is a, the distance between the end part of the first short grid plate, which is close to the moving contact, and the rotating center of the moving contact is b, and a < b.

As an implementation manner, the switch unit further includes a third grid disposed on one side of the second section away from the first section, the third grid includes a grid portion extending along the radial direction of the cavity and a bending portion connected to an end portion of the grid portion close to the movable contact, and a preset distance is provided between the bending portion and the end portion of the movable contact.

As an implementable mode, the arc extinguish chamber further comprises a gas generating part arranged on one side, close to the center of the cavity, of the first grid and the second grid, the gas generating part comprises two gas generating plates embedded with the end parts of the two sides of the first notch respectively, the side walls, opposite to the two gas generating plates, protrude towards the other gas generating plate respectively to form a boss, the boss extends along the extending direction of the gas generating plates, and the boss is arranged in the middle of the gas generating plates along the radial direction of the cavity.

As a practical way, the ratio of the distance between the two bosses to the length of the grid in the third direction is between 15% and 45%.

As an implementable mode, the part of the static contact extending into the cavity is a contact part, one side of the contact part far away from the cavity is provided with an arc striking sheet, the arc striking sheet comprises a connecting part, an arc striking part and a cut-off part which are connected in sequence, the connecting part is parallel to the contact part, the arc striking part extends towards the direction far away from the cavity, the cut-off part is parallel to the first grid sheet, and the connecting part and the arc striking part are flush with the end point of the contact part.

As an implementation mode, the first section includes a short gate section and an alternate section connected to the short gate section, the alternate section is connected to the second section, the short gate section overlaps with the projection of the arc-striking portion along the second direction, the alternate section includes second long gate pieces and second short gate pieces alternately arranged at intervals, the short gate section includes a plurality of third short gate pieces, and the second long gate pieces, the second short gate pieces and the third short gate pieces constitute the first gate pieces.

An embodiment on the other hand of this application provides an isolator, including the above-mentioned switch unit of a plurality of range upon range of settings, operating device and the handle of being connected with operating device, the moving contact in a plurality of switch units passes through the contact support and connects, and the contact support is connected with operating device, and the handle passes through operating device and drives the contact support rotation, and the contact support rotation drives the moving contact and the contact of static contact or separation.

In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power supply system, including: the direct current source is connected with the power conversion unit through the isolating switch, and the opening state of the isolating switch enables the direct current source to be disconnected with the power conversion unit.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application include:

the application provides a switch unit, including the casing that has the cavity, the dislocation is provided with the static contact on the relative both sides wall that sets up of casing along first direction, the static contact extends to in the cavity, set up the moving contact that drives the rotation in the cavity, the both ends of moving contact respectively with the static contact of both sides in the rotation present the combined floodgate state or separate and present the separating brake state, under the combined floodgate state, the contained angle of the extending direction of moving contact and second direction is between 15-65, be provided with the explosion chamber along the relative both sides of second direction in the cavity, the explosion chamber sets up in the static contact and keeps away from one side of moving contact, and extend the range along moving contact direction of rotation, first direction is perpendicular with the second direction. When the moving contact rotates and is separated from the static contact, electric arcs are generated between the moving contact and the static contact, the electric arcs are high-temperature plasmas, the air pressure at the position where the electric arcs are generated rises instantly due to high temperature, the electric arcs can flow towards the direction with low air pressure due to air pressure difference, the electric arcs can flow towards the inner part of the arc extinguish chamber due to the fact that the arc extinguish chamber is arranged on the side, far away from the moving contact, of the static contact, and the arc extinguish chamber can extinguish the electric arcs, so that damage of the electric arcs to components inside the switch unit is avoided, in addition, when the switch unit in the application is in a closing state, the included angle between the extending direction of the moving contact and the second direction is 15-65 degrees, namely when the electric arcs are generated, the included angle between the extending direction of the moving contact and the second direction is 15-65 degrees, at the moment, the electric arcs can move towards the arc extinguish chamber more easily, further the electric arcs can enter the arc extinguish chamber quickly, the space occupied by the arc extinguish chamber can be increased, and the arc extinguish chamber can be placed in a limited chamber, and the arc extinguishing capability is improved.

Drawings

To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc-extinguishing chamber according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a second schematic structural diagram of an arc-extinguishing chamber according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a third schematic structural diagram of an arc extinguish chamber according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a fourth schematic structural diagram of an arc extinguish chamber according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an isolator according to an embodiment of the present application.

Icon: 100-a switching unit; 110-a housing; 120-stationary contact; 121-a contact; 130-moving contact; 140-an arc chute; 141-a second section; 1411-a second grid; 1412-a first long grid sheet; 1413-first short gate sheet; 142-a first section; 1421 — first grid; 1422 — short gate segment; 1423-alternating segments; 1424 — second long grid; 1425-second short gate; 1426-third short gate; 143-first indentation; 1431-side wall; 1432-bottom wall; 144-a second gap; 145-a third grid; 1451-a gate; 1452-bending part; 146-a gas generating plate; 1461-boss; 150-arc striking sheet; 151-a connecting portion; 152-an arc ignition part; 153-stop; 160-a chamber; 10-an isolating switch; 200-an operating mechanism; 300-a handle.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that the terms "center", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships conventionally laid out when products of the application are used, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present application, it is further noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; there may be communication between the interiors of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in this application will be understood to be a specific case for those of ordinary skill in the art.

When the isolating switch is turned off, an electric arc is generated at the moment that the moving contact is separated from the static contact, the electric arc is a charged high-temperature plasma, and when the electric arc is contacted with components in the switch unit, the shell and the moving and static contacts of the isolating switch can be damaged by the high temperature.

The embodiment of the present application provides a switch unit 100, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, including a housing 110 having a cavity 160, where two opposite side walls of the housing 110 arranged along a first direction (e.g., a direction in fig. 1) are provided with static contacts 120 in a staggered manner, the static contacts 120 extend into the cavity 160, a movable contact 130 driven to rotate is arranged in the cavity 160, two ends of the movable contact 130 respectively contact with the static contacts 120 on two sides during rotation to present a closing state or separate to present a separating state, an included angle (e.g., θ 1 in fig. 1) between an extending direction of the movable contact 130 and a second direction is 15 ° -65 °, two opposite sides along a second direction (e.g., a direction B in fig. 1) in the cavity 160 are provided with arc extinguishing chambers 140, the arc extinguishing chambers 140 are arranged on a side of the static contact 120 far from the movable contact 130, and extend and are arranged along a rotating direction of the movable contact 130, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

The switch unit 100 of the embodiment of the application is a unit of the isolating switch 10, and when the isolating switch 10 is switched on, as shown in fig. 1, two ends of the moving contact 130 are respectively contacted with the fixed contact 120, so that current transmission is realized. When the isolating switch 10 is turned off, the contact support of the isolating switch 10 drives the moving contact 130 to rotate, specifically, the moving contact 130 rotates from the position in fig. 1 along the direction D → E in fig. 1, and is separated from the static contact 120, at the moment of separation, since the moving contact 130 releases the pressing of the static contact 120, thermal electron emission is generated, and meanwhile, the gap between the moving contact 120 and the static contact 120 is small, so that the voltage intensity is high, and strong electric field emission is generated. Electrons escaping from the surface of the cathode are accelerated to move towards the anode under the action of a strong electric field, collision and dissociation occur, so that charged points between the moving contact 120 and the static contact 120 are increased rapidly, the temperature is increased rapidly, heat dissociation is generated, and at the moment, a gap between the moving contact 120 and the static contact 120 is broken down to form electric arcs.

In the embodiment of the present application, the arc extinguish chamber 140 is disposed on the side of the static contact 120 away from the moving contact 130, the arc extinguish chamber 140 extends along the rotating direction of the moving contact 130, and the arc generated when the moving contact 130 is separated from the static contact 120 is extinguished in the arc extinguish chamber 140, so as to prevent the arc from damaging the internal components of the switch unit 100.

The included angle between the extending direction of the movable contact 130 and the second direction is 15-65 °, and the movable contact 130 is in contact with or separated from the fixed contact 120 in the rotation process to realize the switching on and off of the switching unit 100. When the included angle between the extending direction of the movable contact 130 and the second direction B is smaller than 15 °, the position where the movable contact 130 contacts the fixed contact 120 is further away from the sidewall, so that the space reserved for the arc extinguish chamber 140 is larger, but because the angle is too small, the angle at which the arc extinguish chamber 140 inclines relative to the movable contact 130 is larger, and the arc is not easy to enter the arc extinguish chamber 140 to extinguish; when the extending direction of the movable contact 130 and the second direction B form an angle greater than 65 °, the arc may enter the arc extinguishing chamber 140 more easily to be extinguished, but the space reserved for the arc extinguishing chamber 140 becomes smaller, so that the arc extinguishing capability of the arc extinguishing chamber 140 becomes weaker. Based on the above consideration, in the embodiment of the present application, the extending direction of the movable contact 130 and the included angle of the second direction are set between 15 degrees and 65 degrees, and the arc can smoothly enter the arc extinguish chamber 140, so that the arc can move towards the arc extinguish chamber 140 more easily, and then rapidly enter the arc extinguish chamber 140, a larger space can be reserved in the housing 110 along the two sides of the second direction, a larger installation space can be provided for the arc extinguish chamber 140, and the arc extinguishing capability of the arc extinguish chamber 140 can be improved.

In addition, an included angle between the extending direction of the movable contact 130 and the first direction is 15 ° to 65 °, and a specific included angle is not limited in this embodiment, and may be, for example, 30 °, 45 °, or 60 °, and may be preferably set to 45 °.

As can be seen from the above description, in the switch unit 100 of the double-breakpoint isolation switch 10 in the embodiment of the present application, the fixed contacts 120 are disposed on the two opposite side walls of the housing 110 along the first direction in a staggered manner, so that the two fixed contacts 120 are disposed at two ends of a diagonal of the housing 110 approximately, two sets of arc extinguish chambers 140 are disposed corresponding to the double breakpoints, centers of the two sets of arc extinguish chambers 140 are rotatably disposed in the cavity 160, and in other non-double-breakpoint switch units 100 or in the non-diagonal double-breakpoint switch units 100, the arc extinguish chambers 140 may have other arrangement manners, which is not limited in the present application.

The switch unit 100 provided by the present application includes a housing 110 having a cavity 160, two side walls of the housing 110 disposed opposite to each other along a first direction are provided with static contacts 120 in a staggered manner, the static contacts 120 extend into the cavity 160, a driven and rotated dynamic contact 130 is disposed in the cavity 160, two ends of the dynamic contact 130 respectively contact with the static contacts 120 on two sides during rotation to present a closing state or separate to present an opening state, in the closing state, an included angle between an extending direction of the dynamic contact 130 and a second direction is between 15 ° and 65 °, two opposite sides along the second direction are disposed in the cavity 160, an arc extinguish chamber 140 is disposed on one side of the static contact 120 away from the dynamic contact 130, and extends and is arranged along a rotation direction of the dynamic contact 130, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. When the movable contact 130 rotates and is separated from the fixed contact 120, an electric arc is generated between the movable contact 130 and the fixed contact 120, the electric arc is a high-temperature plasma, the air pressure at the position where the electric arc is generated instantly rises due to high temperature, and the electric arc flows in the direction of low air pressure due to air pressure, and the arc extinguishing chamber 140 is arranged on one side of the fixed contact 120 far away from the movable contact 130, so that the electric arc flows towards the inside of the arc extinguishing chamber 140, and the arc extinguishing chamber 140 can extinguish the electric arc, thereby avoiding the damage of the electric arc to components inside the switching unit 100, in addition, in the switching state of the switching unit 100, the included angle between the extension direction of the movable contact 130 and the second direction is 15-65 degrees, namely, when the electric arc is generated, the included angle between the extension direction of the movable contact 130 and the second direction is 15-65 degrees, at the moment, the electric arc can move towards the arc extinguishing chamber 140 more easily, the space occupied by the arc extinguishing chamber 140 can be increased, and a larger arc extinguishing chamber 140 can be placed in the limited chamber 160, and the arc extinguishing capability can be improved.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the arc extinguish chamber 140 includes a first section 142 along a rotation direction of the movable contact 130 and a second section 141 connected to the first section 142, the first section 142 is disposed near the stationary contact 120, a projection of the first section 142 and the projection of the stationary contact 120 along a second direction are partially overlapped, the first section 142 is provided with a plurality of first grid sheets 1421 having a first preset included angle, the second section 141 is provided with a plurality of second grid sheets 1411 extending along a radial direction of the chamber 160, and a curvature of the first section 142 is smaller than a curvature of the second section 141.

When an arc is generated, the arc is cut into short arcs by the ends of the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411 close to the movable contact 130 during the movement of the arc, and the short arcs have lower charged quantity and temperature, so that the arc can be extinguished more easily. In the process of separating the moving contact 130 from the static contact 120 through rotation, the electric arc is cut by the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411, flows out along the gap between the two adjacent grids, enters the bottom air channel, and is discharged, the curvature of the first section 142 is smaller than that of the second section 141, so that the first grid 1421 is close to being arranged in parallel towards the bottom air channel, the electric arc fluid in the gap between the two adjacent first grids 1421 is accelerated more quickly, and the electric arc can rapidly enter the arc extinguish chamber 140 under the action of air blowing at the initial stage of separating the moving contact 130 from the static contact 120. The second section 141 includes a plurality of second grids 1411 extending along the radial direction of the chamber 160, so that the second grids 1411 are arranged in a fan shape, because if the second grids 1411 are also arranged in an approximately parallel manner, which is the same as the first grids 1421, the moving contact 130 moves in a circular manner, which causes the distance between the end of the moving contact 130 and the second grids 1411 to be far, and is difficult to strike an arc, and the direction of the air flow between the grids is also different from the air outlet, which causes the difficulty of air outlet.

The second grid 1411 of the second segment 141 is arranged along the radial direction of the chamber 160, so the arc where the second segment 141 is located is centered on the rotation center of the movable contact 130, and the curvature of the first segment 142 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, for example, in order to more effectively utilize the space in the chamber 160, the volume of the arc extinguish chamber 140 is set to be larger, and the curvature of the first segment 142 may be set to be smaller as much as possible.

It should be understood that the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411 are used for cutting the arc, so the extending direction of the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411 should be perpendicular to the first direction, so that the grids are erected, and one side of the grid faces the movable contact 130.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the arrangement of the first section 142 enables more grids to be arranged in a limited space, the space in the chamber 160 is fully utilized, and the more grids can cut the arc into shorter short arcs, which is more beneficial to extinguishing the arc.

The specific number of the first grid pieces 1421 and the second grid pieces 1411 and the distance between two adjacent grid pieces are not limited in this embodiment of the application, for example, the number of the first grid pieces 1421 may be set to 13, and the first grid pieces are sequentially arranged along the rotation direction of the movable contact 130, the number of the second grid pieces 1411 is 12, and the side edges face the chamber 160. The interval between two adjacent grids is between 1mm and 2mm, wherein the interval distance of the first grids 1421 refers to the distance between the ends of the two adjacent first grids 1421 far away from the movable contact 130.

In addition, in order to fix the positions of the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411, insulating plates are generally disposed at two ends of the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411 along the third direction, and the insulating plates are respectively connected to the same side ends of the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411, so that the insulating plates at two sides clamp the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411.

Specifically, the first section comprises a straight line section or a first circular arc section, the second section comprises a second circular arc section, and the curvature of the first circular arc section is smaller than that of the second circular arc section.

When the curvature of the first section 142 is further reduced to form a straight section, as another achievable manner of the embodiment of the present application, specifically, the arc extinguish chamber 140 includes a straight section arranged along the rotation direction of the movable contact 130 and a second arc section connected to the straight section, the straight section is arranged close to the fixed contact 120, and the projection of the straight section and the projection of the fixed contact 120 in the second direction are partially overlapped, and when the straight section is arranged close to the arc extinguish chamber 140, the space in the chamber 160 can be fully utilized to arrange more grids, so that more grids can cut the electric arc into shorter short arcs, and the arc extinguishment is facilitated.

In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 6, end surfaces of the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411 facing the movable contact 130 are both recessed to form a first notch 143, a part of a bottom wall 1432 of the first notch 143 is recessed to form a second notch 144, two adjacent second notches 144 are staggered in a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to a plane where the first direction and the second direction are located.

In first bars piece 1421 and second bars piece 1411 towards the equal indent of terminal surface of moving contact 130 and form first breach 143, the lateral wall 1431 of first breach 143 both sides stretches out, electric arc is the plasma of high temperature, plasma is electrified, because the electromagnetic induction law, make electric arc have the induction magnetic field of self, electric arc receives the power value of left right direction opposite under self induction magnetic field, the size is equal, the sum of atress is zero, after electric arc runs into first bars piece 1421 or second bars piece 1411, electric arc is close to the magnetic force line of going out arc piece one side and takes place the distortion, directly pass through from the littleer bars piece the inside of magnetic resistance, the setting up of first breach 143 makes the magnetic force line density that is close to this one side of breach become sparse, lead to the size difference of electric arc both sides atress, thereby produce an arc blowing power, make electric arc to the inside motion of explosion chamber 140.

When the electric arc enters the second notches 144, because two adjacent second notches 144 are staggered, the number of the bottom walls 1432 of the grid plates which the electric arc firstly encounters is reduced, because the existence of the second notches 144 makes the bottom walls 1432 of part of the grid plates not contact with the electric arc in the first time, arc cutting and arc extinguishing cannot be performed, thus, resistance of the electric arc entering the cavity 160 in the initial stage is reduced, the electric arc can smoothly enter between the grid plates, the situation that the electric arc cannot smoothly enter between the grid plates due to too large resistance is avoided, in addition, after the electric arc enters the grid plates, the electric arc can be stretched into staggered fold lines at the staggered second notches 144 (as shown in fig. 6), the arc section length of the electric arc is increased, the electric arc voltage is increased, and the electric arc is extinguished more quickly.

Optionally, the ratio of the nearest distance (shown as d in fig. 3 and fig. 6) of two adjacent second gaps 144 along the third direction to the distance between two adjacent grid plates is Y, wherein Y is greater than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1.5.

As can be seen from the above, the second gaps 144 are staggered in the third direction, so that the resistance of the arc entering between the grid plates is reduced, it should be understood that, when the staggered distance between two adjacent second gaps 144 is not too large, the effect on reducing the resistance is limited, and after the arc is elongated into staggered broken lines at the staggered second gaps 144, the length of the arc segment of the increased arc is limited, but when the staggered distance between two adjacent second gaps 144 is too large, the resistance of the arc staggered elongation is increased, the staggering effect is disabled, and the arc is not elongated and cannot perform the corresponding function, for the above reasons, the ratio of the nearest distance between two adjacent second gaps 144 in the third direction to the distance between two adjacent grid plates is set to be Y in the present embodiment, where Y is greater than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1.5.

It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 3 and 6, because two adjacent second notches 144 are staggered in the third direction, the closest distance between two adjacent second notches 144 in the third direction is the distance between the plane where the side wall 1431 of the previous second notch 144 is close to the next second notch 144 and the plane where the side wall 1431 of the next second notch 144 is close to the previous second notch 144.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, the first notch 143 further includes a sidewall 1431 connected to two ends of the bottom wall 1432, the sidewall 1431 extends along the second direction, and an included angle (shown as θ 2 in fig. 4) between the sidewall 1431 and the bottom wall 1432 is between 110 ° and 150 °.

When the angle between the sidewall 1431 and the bottom is set between 110 ° and 150 °, the sidewall 1431 extends in the second direction, so that the bottom wall 1432 has a certain inclination angle with respect to the second direction, when the arc enters the first notch 143, the inclination of the bottom wall 1432 facilitates compressing the arc column, and rapidly introducing the arc to the second notch 144, and at the same time, the inclination of the bottom wall 1432 also facilitates enhancing the demagnetizing field strength of the grid pieces, and increasing the magnetic blowing force of the arc.

In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the movable contact 130 is driven to rotate so as to enable the end portion of the movable contact 130 to pass through the first notch 143, and a distance between the end portion of the movable contact 130 and the side wall 1431 of the first notch 143 is between 0.4 mm and 4 mm.

In order to improve the arc extinguishing effect of the arc extinguishing chamber 140, the moving contact 130 is as close as possible to the effective arc extinguishing area of the arc extinguishing chamber 140, when the moving contact 130 is driven to rotate, the end of the moving contact 130 passes through the first notch 143, so that the end of the moving contact 130 is located in the first notch 143, thereby increasing the arc extinguishing effect, however, when the end of the moving contact 130 is too close to the sidewall 1431 of the first notch 143, an arc on the moving contact 130, that is, a high-temperature plasma may cause burning damage to the sidewall 1431 of the first notch 143 to form a protrusion, the surface of the protruding sidewall 1431 interferes with the moving contact 130 to affect the normal operation of the switch unit 100, for example, the distance between the end of the moving contact 130 and the sidewall 1431 of the first notch 143 is set between 0.4 mm and 4mm in the present application, and the arc extinguishing effect can be improved while the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411 are protected.

In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the second grid 1411 includes first long grids 1412 and first short grids 1413 alternately arranged at intervals, ends of the first long grids 1412 and the first short grids 1413 far away from the movable contact 130 are located on a same arc line, a distance between an end of the first long grid 1412 near the movable contact 130 and a rotation center of the movable contact 130 is a, a distance between an end of the first short grid 1413 near the movable contact 130 and the rotation center of the movable contact 130 is b, and a < b.

As can be seen from the above, the first grid 1421 is recessed toward the cross section of the movable contact 130 to form the first notch 143, so that the side walls 1431 on both sides of the first notch 143 generate the arc blowing force under the action of the electric arc, wherein the longer the length of the side walls 1431 in the second direction, the greater the generated arc blowing force. In order to improve the arc blowing force of the arc extinguishing chamber 140, the second grid 1411 comprises a plurality of first long grids 1412, however, since the second grid 1411 is arranged along the rotation direction of the movable contact 130, the second grid 1411 is arranged in a fan shape, in order to avoid interference of the plurality of first long grids 1412 on the side close to the movable contact 130, a plurality of first short grids 1413 are inserted between two adjacent first long grids 1412, and the first short grids 1413 can further improve the arc blowing force.

In addition, it should be noted that the length of the first long strip 1412 is greater than the length of the first short strip 1413, and since the plurality of first notches 143 are disposed along the rotation direction of the movable contact 130, the sidewall 1431 of the first notch 143 in the first long strip 1412 is greater than the sidewall 1431 of the first notch 143 in the first short strip 1413.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the switching unit 100 further includes a third grid 145 disposed on a side of the second segment 141 away from the first segment 142, the third grid 145 includes a grid 1451 extending along a radial direction of the chamber 160 and a bent part 1452 connected to an end of the grid 1451 close to the movable contact 130, and the bent part 1452 has a predetermined distance from the end of the movable contact 130. When the movable contact 130 is separated from the fixed contact 120 and reaches the position of the third grid 145, the bent portion 1452 arcs the arc remaining on the movable contact 130 and extinguishes the arc.

It should be noted that the preset distance between the bent portion 1452 and the end of the movable contact 130 refers to the distance between the surface of the bent portion 1452 and the movable contact 130 along the radial direction of the cavity 160 during the movement of the movable contact 130.

In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the arc extinguish chamber 140 further includes an air generating element disposed on one side of the first grid and the second grid near the center of the chamber 160, the air generating element includes two air generating plates 146 respectively embedded with the end portions on the two sides of the first notch 143, the side walls 1431 of the two air generating plates 146 respectively protrude from the other air generating plate 146 with a boss 1461, the boss 1461 extends along the extending direction of the air generating plate 146, and the boss 1461 is disposed in the middle of the air generating plate 146 along the radial direction of the chamber 160.

The gas generating plate 146 is made of a gas generating material, and the gas generating material generates gas at a high temperature, so that the flow of an electric arc can be accelerated, the probability of the electric arc contacting the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411 is increased, the probability of the electric arc cutting of the first grid 1421 and the second grid 1411 is increased, and the arc extinguishing effect is improved. In addition, the side walls 1431 of the two gas generation plates 146 opposite to each other are respectively provided with a boss 1461 along the extending direction of the gas generation plates 146, the bosses 1461 are arranged in the middle of the gas generation plates 146 along the radial direction of the chamber 160, so that the distance between the two gas generation plates 146 is increased from big to small along the radial direction of the chamber 160, and according to the laval effect, when the arc flows between the two bosses 1461, the distance between the two bosses 1461 is reduced, so that the flow velocity of the arc flowing to the place can be increased, and the arc extinguishing effect is improved.

The gas generating plate 146 is made of a gas generating material, and the specific material is not limited in this embodiment, and may be one of nylon 6/6 (polyamide), POM (polyoxymethylene), or melamine.

Optionally, the ratio of the distance between the two bosses 1461 to the length of the grid in the third direction is between 15% and 45%.

When the distance between the two bosses 1461 is too large, the Laval effect is not obvious and cannot play a role in accelerating the electric arc, when the distance between the two bosses 1461 is too small, the electric arc flow is blocked due to the too small distance, so that the effect of improving the flow speed of the electric arc is not obvious, the proportion of the distance between the two bosses 1461 to the length of the grid piece in the third direction is 15% -45%, and the flow of the electric arc can be accelerated to the maximum degree.

In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, an arc striking plate 150 is disposed on a side of the contact portion 121 away from the chamber 160, the arc striking plate 150 includes a connecting portion 151, an arc striking portion 152 and a stopping portion 153 connected in sequence, the connecting portion 151 is parallel to the contact portion 121, the arc striking portion 152 extends in a direction away from the chamber 160, the stopping portion 153 is parallel to the first grid 1421, and a connecting point of the connecting portion 151 and the arc striking portion 152 is flush with an end point of the contact portion 121.

In order to fully utilize the grids at the first section 142, so that more arcs flow to the first section 142, in the embodiment of the present application, the arc striking plate 150 is disposed on one side of the contact portion 121 away from the chamber 160, wherein the connection portion 151 is to be used for protecting the housing 110, the arc striking portion 152 extends towards the direction away from the chamber 160, a space can be opened up for the arc extinguishing chamber 140 to a greater extent, so that more grids are disposed in the arc extinguishing chamber 140, thereby improving the arc extinguishing capability, and in addition, the arc striking portion 152 is also used for introducing the arcs into the first section 142 of the arc extinguishing chamber 140, so that the grids added in the arc extinguishing chamber 140 can play a role in cutting the arcs.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the first segment 142 includes a short grid segment 1422 and an alternating segment 1423 connected to the short grid segment 1422, the alternating segment 1423 is connected to the second segment 141, the short grid segment 1422 overlaps with the projection of the arc ignition portion 152 along the second direction, the alternating segment 1423 includes second long grid segments 1424 and second short grid segments 1425 alternately arranged at intervals, the short grid segment 1422 includes a plurality of third short grid segments 1426, and the first grid segments 1421 are formed by the second long grid segments 1424, the second short grid segments 1425 and the third short grid segments 1426. The third short grid 1426 is disposed to fully utilize the space in the chamber 160, thereby improving the arc extinguishing capability of the arc extinguishing chamber 140.

The embodiment of the present application further discloses an isolation switch 10, as shown in fig. 7, which includes a plurality of stacked switch units 100, an operating mechanism 200 and a handle 300 connected to the operating mechanism 200, wherein the movable contacts 130 in the switch units 100 are connected through contact supports, the contact supports are connected to the operating mechanism 200, the handle 300 drives the contact 130 supports to rotate through the operating mechanism 200, and the contact supports rotate to drive the movable contacts 130 to contact with or separate from the fixed contacts 120. The disconnector 10 comprises the same construction and advantageous effects as the switch unit 100 in the previous embodiment. The structure and the advantages of the switch unit 100 have been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, and are not described in detail herein.

The embodiment of the present application further discloses a power supply system, including: the direct current source, the power change unit and the isolating switch 10 are connected through the isolating switch 10, and the direct current source and the power change unit are disconnected due to the opening state of the isolating switch 10. The power supply system includes the same structure and advantages as those of the disconnecting switch 10 in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be described again.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (15)

1. The switch unit (100) is characterized by comprising a shell (110) with a cavity (160), wherein two side walls of the shell (110) which are oppositely arranged along a first direction are provided with static contacts (120) in a staggered manner, the static contacts (120) extend into the cavity (160), a movable contact (130) which is driven to rotate is arranged in the cavity (160), two ends of the movable contact (130) are respectively contacted with the static contacts (120) at two sides in rotation to present a switch-on state or separated to present a switch-off state, in the switch-on state, an included angle between the extending direction of the movable contact (130) and a second direction is 15-65 degrees, two opposite sides along the second direction in the cavity (160) are also provided with arc extinguish chambers (140), the arc extinguish chambers (140) are arranged at one side of the static contacts (120) far away from the movable contact (130) and extend and are arranged along the rotating direction of the movable contact (130), and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

2. The switching unit (100) according to claim 1, wherein the arc extinguishing chamber (140) comprises a first section (142) arranged along a rotation direction of the movable contact (130) and a second section (141) connected to the first section (142), the first section (142) is arranged adjacent to the stationary contact (120), and a projection of the first section (142) and the stationary contact (120) in the second direction partially overlaps, the first section (142) is provided with a plurality of first louvers (1421) having a first predetermined included angle, the second section (141) is provided with a plurality of second louvers (1411) extending along a radial direction of the cavity (160), and a curvature of the first section (142) is smaller than a curvature of the second section (141).

3. The switching unit (100) according to claim 2, wherein the first segment (142) comprises a straight segment or a first circular segment and the second segment (141) comprises a second circular segment, wherein the curvature of the first circular segment is smaller than the curvature of the second circular segment.

4. The switching unit (100) according to claim 2, wherein the end surfaces of the first grid (1421) and the second grid (1411) facing the movable contact (130) are recessed to form a first notch (143), a part of the bottom wall (1432) of the first notch (143) is recessed to form a second notch (144), two adjacent second notches (144) are staggered in a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the plane in which the first direction and the second direction are located.

5. The switch unit (100) of claim 4, wherein the ratio of the shortest distance between two adjacent second gaps (144) along the third direction to the distance between two adjacent grids is Y, wherein Y is greater than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1.5.

6. The switch unit (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first notch (143) further comprises a side wall (1431) connected to both ends of the bottom wall (1432), the side wall (1431) extending in the second direction, the angle between the side wall (1431) and the bottom wall (1432) being between 110 ° -150 °.

7. The switching unit (100) according to claim 4, wherein the movable contact (130) is driven to rotate so that the end of the movable contact (130) passes through the first notch (143), and the distance between the end of the movable contact (130) and the side wall (1431) of the first notch (143) is between 0.4 and 4 mm.

8. The switching unit (100) according to claim 2, wherein the second grid (1411) comprises a first long grid (1412) and a first short grid (1413) alternately arranged at intervals, ends of the first long grid (1412) and the first short grid (1413) far away from the movable contact (130) are located on the same arc line, a distance between an end of the first long grid (1412) close to the movable contact (130) and a rotation center of the movable contact (130) is a, a distance between an end of the first short grid (1413) close to the movable contact (130) and the rotation center of the movable contact (130) is b, and a < b.

9. The switching unit (100) according to claim 8, further comprising a third grid (145) arranged on a side of said second segment (141) remote from said first segment (142), said third grid (145) comprising a grid portion (1451) extending radially along the chamber (160) and a bent portion (1452) connected to an end of said grid portion (1451) close to said movable contact (130), said bent portion (1452) having a predetermined distance from an end of said movable contact (130).

10. The switching unit (100) according to claim 4, wherein the arc extinguishing chamber (140) further comprises an air generating member disposed on one side of the first grid and the second grid near the center of the chamber (160), the air generating member comprises two air generating plates (146) respectively embedded with the end portions of the two sides of the first gap (143), the two opposite side walls of the two air generating plates (146) respectively protrude a boss (1461) to the other air generating plate (146), the boss (1461) extends along the extending direction of the air generating plates (146), and the boss (1461) is disposed in the middle of the air generating plates (146) along the radial direction of the chamber (160).

11. The switching unit (100) according to claim 10, wherein the ratio of the distance between two bosses (1461) to the length of the grid in the third direction is between 15% and 45%.

12. The switch unit (100) according to claim 2, wherein the portion of the fixed contact (120) extending into the chamber (160) is a contact portion (121), one side of the contact portion (121) away from the center of the chamber (160) is provided with an arc striking plate (150), the arc striking plate (150) comprises a connecting portion (151), an arc striking portion (152) and a stopping portion (153) which are connected in sequence, the connecting portion (151) is parallel to the contact portion (121), the arc striking portion (152) extends in a direction away from the chamber (160), the stopping portion (153) is parallel to the outermost first grid plate (1421), and a connecting portion (151) and an arc striking portion (152) are flush with an end point of the contact portion (121).

13. The switching cell (100) of claim 12, wherein the first segment (142) comprises a short gate segment (1422) and an alternating segment (1423) connected to the short gate segment (1422), the alternating segment (1423) is connected to the second segment (141), the short gate segment (1422) overlaps with a projection of the arc ignition portion (152) along the second direction, the alternating segment (1423) comprises a second long gate sheet (1424) and a second short gate sheet (1425) alternately arranged at intervals, the short gate segment (1422) comprises a plurality of third short gate sheets (1426), and the second long gate sheet (1424), the second short gate sheet (1425) and the third short gate sheets (1426) constitute the first gate sheet (1421).

14. An isolating switch (10), comprising a plurality of stacked switch units (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, an operating mechanism (200), and a handle (300) connected to the operating mechanism (200), wherein a plurality of moving contacts (130) in the switch units (100) are connected via a contact support, the contact support is connected to the operating mechanism (200), the handle (300) drives the contact support to rotate via the operating mechanism (200), and the contact support rotates to drive the moving contacts (130) to contact with or separate from a fixed contact (120).

15. A power supply system, comprising: a dc source, a power conversion unit and a disconnector (10) as claimed in claim 14, the dc source and the power conversion unit being connected via the disconnector (10), the open state of the disconnector (10) disconnecting the dc source and the power conversion unit (10).

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