CN115184935A - Method, device, equipment and medium for monitoring deformation of power transmission corridor - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and medium for monitoring deformation of power transmission corridor Download PDFInfo
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device, equipment and a medium for monitoring deformation of a power transmission corridor, wherein a plurality of CRs (CR resistors) are distributed around each tower in a preset graph structure, and the distribution positions of the CRs comprise settlement monitoring points. The SAR image is preprocessed to obtain a time sequence interferogram set. And detecting all preset graph structures in the SAR image, determining all CR points in the SAR image, and performing PS point target selection in the time sequence interferogram set by combining the determined CR points to obtain a target interferogram set containing the PS target point set. Therefore, the CR points can form a preset graph structure to improve the recognition of the CR points, and the method is suitable for large-area transmission corridor deformation monitoring of SAR images with low spatial resolution. And because partial CR is arranged at the settlement monitoring points, the problem that the settlement directions of different directions of the tower are difficult to analyze is solved. And then carrying out differential interference calculation, time and space domain deformation estimation, deformation estimation and output to obtain a deformation measurement value of the SAR image.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission corridors, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a medium for monitoring deformation of a power transmission corridor.
Background
The power transmission corridor is a strip-shaped area below the line, which extends to two sides by a specified width along a high-voltage overhead power line roadside conductor. Many power transmission corridors are located at high altitude and often accompany complicated terrains such as mountains and canyons, so that the power transmission corridors are often influenced by landslide disasters, and serious settlement and deformation of towers can be caused.
The Permanent scatterer synthetic aperture radar interferometry (PS-InSAR) technique is an analysis of Permanent scattering points (PS points) that exhibit high coherence. The PS-InSAR obtains a plurality of PS points, the spatial resolution is high on the pixel of one PS point, but the traditional PS-InSAR is difficult to accurately distinguish the specific position of a specific object (such as a tower), and due to the SAR imaging mechanism, the PS points in the tower area processed by the traditional PS-InSAR are difficult to judge and analyze the settlement trends of different positions of the tower, which is very unfavorable for the deformation monitoring of a power transmission corridor.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, a deformation monitoring method, a deformation monitoring device, deformation monitoring equipment and deformation monitoring media for the power transmission corridor need to be provided, so that the problems that the specific position of a specific object (such as a tower) is difficult to accurately distinguish and the settlement trends of different directions of the tower are difficult to judge and analyze in the traditional PS-InSAR are solved.
A method of monitoring deformation of a power transmission corridor, the coverage area of the power transmission corridor comprising a plurality of towers, the method comprising:
after the corner reflectors are arranged in the power transmission corridor, measuring initial coordinates of all the arranged corner reflectors, and acquiring a synthetic aperture radar image containing the power transmission corridor; the system comprises a plurality of towers, wherein a plurality of corner reflectors distributed in a preset graph structure surround each tower, and the distribution positions of the corner reflectors comprise settlement monitoring points of the towers;
performing image preprocessing on the synthetic aperture radar image to obtain a time sequence interference image set, detecting all preset image structures in the synthetic aperture radar image and determining all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image by taking the preset image structures as detection targets, and performing permanent scattering point target selection on the time sequence interference image set by combining the determined corner reflector points to obtain a target interference image set containing a permanent scattering target point set; the image preprocessing comprises main and auxiliary image selection, image registration, cutting and combining and interference phase calculation;
removing the flat ground phase and the terrain phase of the target interference pattern set by taking the initial coordinate of the corner reflector as a constraint condition to generate a differential interference phase, and calculating the differential interference phase pixel by pixel to generate a differential interference pattern;
carrying out linear deformation phase estimation of time and space domains on the differential interference phase of the differential interference pattern to obtain a time sequence deformation phase of each point target;
calculating the phase transformation deformation of the time series deformation phase to obtain a deformation measurement value of the synthetic aperture radar image; and the deformation measurement value is used for determining the deformation condition of the tower and the settlement directions in different directions.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
determining a monitoring surface of a target pole tower by analyzing the running track of a synthetic aperture radar satellite and a synthetic aperture radar satellite signal corresponding to the target pole tower according to the position and the orientation of the target pole tower; the target tower is any one of the towers;
determining settlement monitoring points of the target tower based on the peripheral topography of the target tower;
taking the monitoring surface and the settlement monitoring points of the target tower as combined arrangement points of corner reflectors, so that the corner reflectors are arranged at the combined arrangement points to form the preset graph structure;
the measuring of the initial coordinates of all the deployed corner reflectors comprises:
when a target corner reflector receives a synthetic aperture radar satellite signal to the maximum, fixing the orientation of the target corner reflector, acquiring a two-dimensional coordinate of the target corner reflector through a global navigation satellite based on a power grid continuous operation reference station technology, acquiring an elevation value of the target corner reflector through a digital level gauge, and taking the two-dimensional coordinate and the elevation value of the target corner reflector as initial coordinates of the target corner reflector to obtain initial coordinates of all corner reflectors; wherein the target corner reflector is any one of all deployed corner reflectors.
In one embodiment, the image preprocessing the synthetic aperture radar image to obtain a time series interferogram set includes:
calculating relative time base lines and space base lines among all the obtained synthetic aperture radar images and combining the relative time base lines and space base lines to generate a time base line distribution diagram and a space base line distribution diagram, wherein one synthetic aperture radar image with the intermediate time base line and space base line in the time base line distribution diagram and the space base line distribution diagram is used as a main image, and other synthetic aperture radar images except the main image are used as auxiliary images;
cutting all the auxiliary images into a plurality of image small blocks with first preset sizes through a sliding window, and registering the image small blocks with the main image to obtain a plurality of interference image pairs; the overlapping of preset ratios is kept between the adjacent image small blocks with the first preset size;
respectively carrying out image pair combination on the plurality of interference image pairs and the main image by taking a time sequence as a reference so as to obtain a plurality of time sequence interference image pairs;
interference phases are calculated pixel by pixel for each time series interferogram pair to generate a time series interferogram set.
In one embodiment, the detecting all the predetermined pattern structures in the synthetic aperture radar image and determining all the corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image with the predetermined pattern structure as the detection target includes:
cutting the synthetic aperture radar image in the time series interference image pair into a plurality of image small blocks with a second preset size through a sliding window; the adjacent image small blocks with the second preset size are overlapped by a preset ratio;
and performing target detection on the plurality of image small blocks with the second preset size by using the preset graph structure as a detection target through the trained target detection model to obtain the detected preset graph structure, and using each constituent point in the detected preset graph structure as a corner reflector point to obtain all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
calculating the gray mean and the gray variance of a background area in the sample synthetic aperture radar image;
in the sample synthetic aperture radar image, if a target pixel meets a preset peak value condition, determining that the peak value characteristic of the target image is 1, and if the target pixel does not meet the preset peak value condition, determining that the peak value characteristic of the target image is 0; the target pixel is any one pixel in the sample synthetic aperture radar image, the peak condition is that the gray value of the target pixel is greater than a gray characteristic value, the difference value between the gray value of the target pixel and the gray value of each other pixel in a local area is greater than the variance, the gray characteristic value is determined based on the gray mean value and the gray variance, and the local area is a pixel area which is in a preset size and contains the target pixel;
in the sample synthetic aperture radar image, marking all pixels with the peak characteristic of 1 as sample corner reflector points, and marking all preset graph structures as sample preset graph structures based on the sample corner reflector points to obtain a marked synthetic aperture radar image;
and taking the marked synthetic aperture radar image as the input of a target detection model, acquiring an output detection preset graph structure, and adjusting the parameters of the target detection model according to the detection preset graph structure and the sample preset graph structure until the target detection model is converged to obtain the trained target detection model.
In one embodiment, the performing permanent scattering point target selection in combination with the determined corner reflector points in the time series interferogram set to obtain a target interferogram set including a permanent scattering target point set includes:
and in the time series interferogram set, taking the determined corner reflector point as a permanent scattering initial point, setting the determined corner reflector point as a search initial point in the time series interferogram set, searching other permanent scattering target points from the search initial point to the periphery, and taking all the determined permanent scattering initial points and the searched permanent scattering target points as a permanent scattering target point set to obtain the target interferogram set.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
acquiring ephemeris data, global navigation satellite coordinates, level elevation and digital elevation model data of a power transmission corridor;
and registering the digital elevation model data and the main image by taking the ephemeris data, the global navigation satellite coordinates and the level elevation as constraint conditions, cutting the range of the digital elevation model data to be consistent with the main image, and calculating the terrain phase by using the registered digital elevation model data.
A device for monitoring the deformation of a power transmission corridor, the coverage area of said power transmission corridor comprising a plurality of towers, said device comprising:
the work preparation module is used for measuring initial coordinates of all the arranged corner reflectors after the corner reflectors are arranged in the power transmission corridor, and acquiring a synthetic aperture radar image containing the power transmission corridor; the system comprises a plurality of towers, a plurality of corner reflectors, a plurality of monitoring units and a plurality of monitoring units, wherein the corner reflectors are distributed around each tower in a preset graphic structure, and the distribution positions of the corner reflectors comprise settlement monitoring points of the towers;
the data preprocessing module is used for preprocessing images of the synthetic aperture radar images to obtain a time sequence interference image set, detecting all preset image structures in the synthetic aperture radar images and determining all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar images by taking the preset image structures as detection targets, and selecting permanent scattering point targets by combining the determined corner reflector points in the time sequence interference image set to obtain a target interference image set containing the permanent scattering target point set; the image preprocessing comprises main and auxiliary image selection, image registration, cutting and combination and interference phase calculation;
the differential interference calculation module is used for removing the flat ground phase and the terrain phase of the target interference pattern set by taking the initial coordinate of the corner reflector as a constraint condition to generate a differential interference phase, and calculating the differential interference phase pixel by pixel to generate a differential interference pattern;
the time and space domain deformation estimation module is used for carrying out time and space domain linear deformation phase estimation on the differential interference phase of the differential interference image so as to obtain a time sequence deformation phase of each point target;
the deformation quantity estimation and result output module is used for calculating phase transformation deformation of the time series deformation phase to obtain a deformation quantity measured value of the synthetic aperture radar image; and the deformation measurement value is used for determining the deformation condition of the tower and the settlement directions in different directions.
A computer-readable storage medium, storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of the above-mentioned transmission corridor deformation monitoring method.
A power transmission corridor deformation monitoring method device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor, so that the processor executes the steps of the power transmission corridor deformation monitoring method.
The invention provides a deformation monitoring method, a device, equipment and a medium for a power transmission corridor, wherein a Corner Reflector (CR) is arranged in the power transmission corridor, the initial coordinate of the Corner Reflector is measured, and a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image is obtained; performing data preprocessing, including image preprocessing on the synthetic aperture radar image to obtain a time sequence interference image set, detecting all preset image structures in the synthetic aperture radar image and determining all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image by taking the preset image structures as detection targets, and performing permanent scattering point target selection by combining the determined corner reflector points in the time sequence interference image set to obtain a target interference image set containing a permanent scattering target point set; the CR points form a preset graph structure to improve the recognition of the CR points, and the coordinate of the CR points is used as the information for restraining the PS points, so that the quality of the screened PS points is improved, and the precision and the reliability of deformation monitoring of the power transmission corridor are improved. Then, carrying out differential interference calculation, including removing the flat land phase and the terrain phase of the target interference pattern set by taking the initial coordinate of the corner reflector as a constraint condition, generating a differential interference phase, and calculating the differential interference phase pixel by pixel to generate a differential interference pattern; performing time and space domain deformation estimation, including performing time and space domain linear deformation phase estimation on the differential interference phase of the differential interference image to obtain a time sequence deformation phase of each point target; and finally, performing deformation quantity estimation and result output, wherein the deformation quantity estimation and result output comprise the step of calculating phase transformation deformation of time-series deformation phases so as to obtain a deformation quantity measured value of the synthetic aperture radar image, and the deformation quantity measured value is used for determining the deformation condition of the tower and the settlement directions in different directions. In this application, all around having around every shaft tower and having a plurality of CR that lay with predetermineeing the graphic structure, come the supplementary screening PS point through CR, applicable SAR image large tracts of land that is not high in spatial resolution implements transmission corridor deformation monitoring and the accurate discernment location of shaft tower. And because the position that the corner reflector was laid contains the settlement monitoring point of shaft tower, also solved the problem that is difficult to accurate analysis shaft tower different position's settlement direction under traditional transmission corridor deformation monitoring scene.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring deformation of a power transmission corridor in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 shows a first layout of CR in this embodiment;
FIG. 3 shows a second layout of CR in this embodiment;
FIG. 4 shows a third layout of CR in this embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a block flow diagram of a method of monitoring deformation of a power transmission corridor;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power transmission corridor deformation monitoring device in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a power transmission corridor deformation monitoring device in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a deformation monitoring method for a power transmission corridor in an embodiment, where a coverage area of the power transmission corridor includes a plurality of towers. In order to achieve a better monitoring effect, a plurality of CRs are required to be arranged on each tower and/or around the tower in advance, and the CRs form a preset graph structure.
In one embodiment, the CR layout installation is performed by: firstly, a target tower is determined, wherein the target tower is any one of a plurality of towers, namely, the same laying operation is carried out on all the towers. And determining a monitoring surface of the target pole tower by analyzing the running track of the SAR satellite and the SAR satellite signal corresponding to the target pole tower according to the position and the orientation of the target pole tower, wherein the signal at the monitoring surface is strongest. And then determining the settlement monitoring points of the target tower based on the peripheral topography of the target tower, wherein the data at the settlement monitoring points can be subsequently used for analyzing the settlement trends of the tower in different directions. And finally, taking the monitoring surface and the settlement monitoring points of the target tower as combined distribution points of the CR, so that the CR is distributed at the combined distribution points to form a preset graph structure.
Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 illustrates a first layout manner of CR in the present embodiment. Wherein 20 is any one tower in the coverage area of the transmission corridor, namely, the target tower, and 21-1, 21-2 and 21-3 are distributed CRs. 21-1 and 21-2 are arranged on the monitoring surface of the target tower, 21-3 is arranged on the settlement monitoring point, and 21-1, 21-2 and 21-3 form a triangular preset graph structure to surround the tower.
In order to adapt to different monitoring scenes, the layout mode can be properly adjusted. As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a second arrangement manner of CR in this embodiment, if the tower width is too narrow, and the spatial resolution of the scanning manner of the SAR satellite is too low to distinguish two corner reflectors that are too close, 21-1 may be arranged on the monitoring surface of the target tower, and 21-2 and 21-3 may be respectively arranged at two settlement monitoring points, and the distance between the two settlement monitoring points may be slightly longer. 21-1, 21-2 and 21-3 form a triangular preset pattern structure to surround the tower.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a third arrangement manner of the CR in this embodiment, and if the CR is not easily installed on the tower, the CR may also be set to be a preset graph structure as shown in fig. 4. Wherein, 21-1, 21-2 and 21-3 are respectively arranged at three settlement monitoring points to form a triangular preset graph structure to surround the tower.
It can be understood that the number and the arrangement positions of the CR may be set according to the needs, and only one corresponding tower needs to be surrounded, so that the positioning of the tower therein can be assisted.
The monitoring method for the deformation of the power transmission corridor in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flow chart of a power transmission corridor deformation monitoring method, which will be described below in conjunction with the flow chart, and this step is in a work preparation stage therein.
Bearing the above, a plurality of CRs arranged in a preset pattern structure are arranged around each tower, and the positions where the CRs are arranged comprise settlement monitoring points of the towers. In the preparation stage, the operations performed include measuring initial coordinates of all deployed CRs, and acquiring SAR images including power transmission corridors, ephemeris data, global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) coordinates, level Elevation and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data.
And 104, performing image preprocessing on the synthetic aperture radar image to obtain a time sequence interference image set, detecting all preset image structures in the synthetic aperture radar image and determining all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image by taking the preset image structures as detection targets, and performing permanent scattering point target selection in the time sequence interference image set by combining the determined corner reflector points to obtain a target interference image set containing a permanent scattering target point set.
As shown in fig. 5, this step is in the data preprocessing stage, wherein the image preprocessing operation includes primary and secondary image selection, image registration, cropping and combining, and interferometric phase calculation. Specifically, the operations performed at this stage include:
(1) And when the main image and the auxiliary image are selected, calculating relative time base lines and space base lines among all the obtained SAR images and combining the relative time base lines and the space base lines to generate a time base line distribution diagram and a space base line distribution diagram, taking one SAR image with the intermediate time base line and space base line in the time base line distribution diagram and the space base line distribution diagram as the main image, and taking the other SAR images except the main image as the auxiliary images.
(2) And when the images are registered, cut and combined, cutting all the auxiliary images into a plurality of image small blocks with a first preset size through a sliding window, and registering the image small blocks with the main image to obtain a plurality of interference image pairs. And then, the plurality of interference image pairs are respectively subjected to image pair combination with the main image by taking the time sequence as a reference so as to obtain a plurality of time sequence interference image pairs.
And overlapping of preset ratios is kept between adjacent image small blocks with first preset sizes. Optionally, the preset ratio is 20%, so that each region of the original image can be completely detected, and the repeated detection of the overlapped region is eliminated through an NMS algorithm.
(3) And during interference phase calculation, calculating interference phases pixel by pixel for each time sequence interference image pair to generate a time sequence interference image set.
(4) And when the target detection model is detected, cutting the SAR image in the time series interference image pair into a plurality of image small blocks with second preset sizes through a sliding window. And performing target detection on a plurality of image small blocks with second preset sizes by using the trained target detection model and taking the preset image structure as a detection target to obtain the detected preset image structure, and taking each constituent point in the detected preset image structure as a CR point to obtain all CR points in the SAR image.
And the overlap of the preset ratio is kept between the adjacent image small blocks with the second preset size. Optionally, the preset ratio is 20%, so as to ensure that each region of the original image can be completely detected.
In the above (4), that is, the trained target detection model is used to detect the "triangle" preset graph structures shown in fig. 2, 3, and 4 in the SAR image, and finally the target detection model outputs a plurality of preset graph structures, where one constituent point (e.g. 21-1 in fig. 2) of each preset graph structure is a CR point. And repeating the operation to identify the CR points, and finally obtaining all the CR points in the SAR image.
(5) And when the target selection of the PS points is carried out by combining the CR points, taking the CR points determined in the step (4) as the initial PS selection points in the time series interferogram set obtained in the step (3), setting the initial search points as initial search points in the time series interferogram set, searching other PS target points from the initial search points to the periphery, and taking all the determined initial PS selection points and the searched PS target points as a PS target point set to obtain the target interferogram set.
That is, the PS point in this application includes a primary selection stage and a fine selection stage. Because the CR points have better signal-to-noise ratio, the detected CR points are used as PS initial selection points, the accuracy of PS point target identification in a monitoring area can be effectively improved, and data reference can be provided for a subsequent selection stage.
It can be understood that, since the above embodiments detect CR in SAR images through target detection model detection, the target detection model needs to be trained in advance.
In one embodiment, the principles and processes of the model training include:
considering that the target brightness of the towers and the distributed CRs in the SAR image is higher than the background clutter, especially the CR target brightness is far higher than the background clutter, and the probability that the pixel with lower brightness is the target pixel is lower, firstly, the sample marking is carried out through the following steps (1) - (3), and then, the model training is carried out based on the step (4).
(1) Calculating the gray mean and the gray variance of a background area in the SAR image of the sample;
the background area can be directly defined by human, or a background gray threshold value can be set by human, and the area smaller than the background gray threshold value is used as the background area. The calculated gray mean of the background area is denoted as μ, while the gray variance is denoted as σ.
(2) And in the sample SAR image, if the target pixel meets a preset peak value condition, determining that the peak value characteristic of the target image is 1, and if the target pixel does not meet the preset peak value condition, determining that the peak value characteristic of the target image is 0.
The SAR image sample can be obtained by performing main and auxiliary image selection, image registration, cutting and combination on the SAR image serving as a training sample. The target pixel is any one pixel in the sample SAR image, that is, the same determination operation is performed on all pixels in the sample SAR image. The peak condition is that the gray value of the target pixel is greater than the gray characteristic value, the difference between the gray value of the target pixel and the gray value of each of the other pixels in the local area is greater than the variance, the gray characteristic value is determined based on the gray mean value and the gray variance, and the local area is a pixel area which is in a preset size and contains the target pixel.
Specifically, whether the target pixel satisfies the preset peak condition can be determined by the following formula:
in the formula, P i，j Is the peak characteristic of the target pixel (i, j); a is i,j Is the gray value of the target pixel (i, j); μ + k σ is a gray characteristic value; a is N(i,j) Gray values for the local domain N (i, j); k is a preset coefficient and can be automatically adjusted according to the imaging quality of the SAR image.
(3) And in the sample SAR image, marking all pixels with the peak characteristic of 1 as sample CR points, and marking all preset graph structures as sample preset graph structures based on the sample CR points to obtain a marked SAR image.
That is, all the identified points with higher brightness are used as sample CR points, and then, with reference to a predetermined preset graph structure, a plurality of sample CR points are labeled as one sample preset graph structure, and this operation is repeated until all the sample preset graph structures in the SAR image are labeled, thereby obtaining a labeled SAR image with a label. By repeatedly performing the above steps (1) - (3), a sufficient amount of training samples can be obtained.
(4) And taking the marked SAR image as the input of the target detection model, acquiring an output detection preset graph structure, and adjusting the parameters of the target detection model according to the detection preset graph structure and the sample preset graph structure until the target detection model converges to obtain the trained target detection model.
Then, model training is performed, and the target detection model may be a YOLO model, or may be another model, which is not specifically limited herein.
When the model is trained, the SAR image is subjected to denoising processing to improve the identification degree based on the CR reflection signal.
Meanwhile, the largest difference between the target detection of the SAR image and the common target detection scene is that the SAR image has a large size, and the target sizes are very small and are often gathered together, so the image is cut. The image with the input size designated as 416 x 416 is subjected to 5 times of downsampling to obtain a 13 x 13 size characteristic diagram, and the final output dimension is as follows:
N＝S×S×B×(5+C)
wherein:
s: the size of the final feature map is shown, here 13.
B: indicating the number of one grid prediction suggestion box. Because the projection size of the pole tower is basically similar to the size of the CR layout pattern, the prediction efficiency of the target of the pole tower is ensured, and the effect is better when 5 suggestion boxes are calculated according to the K-means clustering algorithm.
5: the coordinate information and confidence representing the prediction of each proposed box amount to 5 information.
C: indicating the number of prediction classes. The invention only detects the pole tower and the positioning, and the number of the types is 1.
And then, taking the marked SAR image as the input of the target detection model, acquiring an output detection preset graph structure, and adjusting the parameters of the target detection model according to the loss condition between the detection preset graph structure and the sample preset graph structure until the target detection model is converged to obtain the trained target detection model. The trained target detection model can be applied to the actual monitoring process and is used for detecting the preset graph structure.
And 106, removing the flat land phase and the terrain phase of the target interference pattern set by taking the initial coordinate of the corner reflector as a constraint condition to generate a differential interference phase, and calculating the differential interference phase pixel by pixel to generate a differential interference pattern.
As shown in fig. 5, the step is a differential interference calculation stage, which includes:
(1) Flat ground phase removal and spatial phase removal.
Specifically, the flat earth phase is calculated according to the spatial baseline parameters and the earth ellipsoid parameters.
And registering the data of a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and the main image by taking the ephemeris data, global navigation satellite coordinates and level Elevation as constraint conditions, and cutting the range of the DEM data to be consistent with the main image. And then, calculating the terrain phase by utilizing the registered DEM data.
And removing the flat ground phase and the terrain phase from the interference phase to generate a differential interference phase, and calculating pixel by pixel to generate a differential interference pattern.
(2) And refining the spatial baseline.
Visually checking each difference interference pattern, if the residual interference fringe is more than half wavelength, calculating the residual phase of the space base line, and removing. The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. performing space baseline rough estimation on the differential interference pattern by using a quadric surface model to obtain a rough estimation phase of a space baseline; and subtracting the coarse estimation phase from the differential phase in the differential interference pattern to obtain a residual phase.
b. And estimating the residual phase by utilizing fast Fourier transform to obtain the residual baseline phase.
c. And adding the spatial baseline rough estimation phase to the residual baseline phase to obtain an improved spatial baseline phase.
d. And removing residual flat ground phases from the flat ground phases by using the corrected spatial baseline phases, and calculating to obtain corrected flat ground phases and an interference pattern set.
And step 108, performing linear deformation phase estimation of time and space domains on the differential interference phase of the differential interference pattern to obtain a time series deformation phase of each point target.
(1) And carrying out parameter estimation between adjacent points by combining PS points in the tower identification area.
And after the PS point extraction and CR point target identification work is completed in the research area, a PS network is arranged. The method comprises the steps of connecting PS point targets to form a Delauney irregular triangular network, optimizing the Delauney irregular triangular network in a tower area by combining PS points in a tower identification area, connecting adjacent PS points to form a PS base line, and ensuring that each CR point in the network is connected with the PS point. And (3) estimating parameters of adjacent points according to the connection relation between the points, and establishing the following model:
wherein:
m: representing interference pair sequence numbers;
i, j: PS points which represent corresponding PS point serial numbers and contain CR;
ΔδH i,j : indicating elevation correction increment, Δ δ H i,j ＝δH i -δH j ；
R p : represents the distance between the PS point and the satellite position;
θ: representing the radar angle of incidence;
λ: represents a radar wavelength;
B m : indicating the vertical baseline length of the interference pair.
(2) And calculating a linear deformation phase and a residual elevation phase.
And establishing a two-dimensional periodic chart of the CS point target according to the relation between the space baseline and the time baseline, maximizing the correlation coefficient of the model by taking the two-dimensional periodic chart as an objective function, and estimating the linear deformation rate and the elevation difference between adjacent points.
(3) Nonlinear deformation phase and atmospheric phase calculations.
And (3) removing the two phase quantities in the step (2) from the differential interference phase to obtain a residual phase. And carrying out spatial domain mean filtering on the residual phase, and calculating to obtain the atmospheric phase of the main image. And performing space domain low-pass filtering and time domain high-pass filtering on the residual phase without the main image atmospheric phase to obtain a slave image atmospheric phase, and further decomposing a nonlinear deformation phase.
(4) And (5) calculating the time-series deformation phase.
And (3) adding the linear deformation phase in the step (2) and the nonlinear deformation phase in the step (3), and combining the time base line parameters to obtain the time series deformation phase of each CS point target.
And 110, calculating phase transformation deformation of the time series deformation phase to obtain a deformation measurement value of the synthetic aperture radar image.
As shown in fig. 5, the step belongs to a deformation amount calculation stage and a result output stage, and specifically includes:
(1) and (4) calculating the deformation quantity of the visual line and converting the vertical direction.
According to the radar wavelength parameters, after phase transformation deformation calculation, according to the requirement, combining with external auxiliary data, converting the unwrapping phase into the deformation of the sight line direction, and then converting the sight line direction deformation into the vertical direction according to the included angle between the sight line and the vertical direction.
(2) And (4) geocoding.
The geocoding method can utilize DEM products for geocoding. The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. and (4) utilizing a conversion lookup table from the DEM coordinate system to the SAR image coordinate system to complete the inverse conversion of the monitoring result from the SAR image coordinate system to the geodetic coordinate system, namely geocoding the vertical deformation of the monitoring result.
b. And collecting all point targets after the geocoding, converting time units of the deformation into adults to generate annual deformation rate, and calculating pixel by pixel to generate a geological disaster body rate map.
(3) And (6) correcting the benchmark.
The disaster body rate of the point target after geocoding can utilize the existing high-precision control point data (deformation amount of synchronous observation) such as level, GPS and the like to correct the benchmark, and the specific steps are as follows:
a. taking the synchronous leveling measurement result as a reference, and calculating an average value of difference values between a target deformation amount and an actually measured value of a point on a nearby point, namely an integral deviation value between the target deformation amount and the actually measured deformation amount;
b. and adding the integral deviation value obtained in the last step into the deformation value of each point target, correcting the integral deviation of the InSAR result deformation caused by non-uniform reference points, and finishing the benchmark correction.
Through the deformation quantity calculation, a deformation quantity measured value can be obtained, and after further arrangement and analysis, the geological disaster of the power transmission line and the deformation analysis of the tower can be output for indicating and determining the deformation condition of the tower and the settlement directions in different directions.
According to the method for monitoring the deformation of the power transmission corridor, firstly, after the corner reflectors are arranged in the power transmission corridor, the initial coordinates of the corner reflectors are measured, and a synthetic aperture radar image is obtained; performing data preprocessing, including image preprocessing on the synthetic aperture radar image to obtain a time sequence interference image set, detecting all preset image structures in the synthetic aperture radar image and determining all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image by taking the preset image structures as detection targets, and performing permanent scattering point target selection by combining the determined corner reflector points in the time sequence interference image set to obtain a target interference image set containing a permanent scattering target point set; the CR points form a preset graph structure to improve the recognition of the CR points, and the coordinate of the CR points is used as the information for restraining the PS points, so that the quality of the screened PS points is improved, and the precision and the reliability of deformation monitoring of the power transmission corridor are improved. Then, carrying out differential interference calculation, including removing the flat land phase and the terrain phase of the target interference pattern set by taking the initial coordinate of the corner reflector as a constraint condition, generating a differential interference phase, and calculating the differential interference phase pixel by pixel to generate a differential interference pattern; performing time and space domain deformation estimation, including performing time and space domain linear deformation phase estimation on the differential interference phase of the differential interference image to obtain a time sequence deformation phase of each point target; and finally, performing deformation quantity estimation and result output, wherein the deformation quantity estimation and result output comprise the step of calculating phase transformation deformation of time-series deformation phases so as to obtain a deformation quantity measured value of the synthetic aperture radar image, and the deformation quantity measured value is used for determining the deformation condition of the tower and the settlement directions in different directions. In this application, all around having around every shaft tower and having a plurality of CR that lay with predetermineeing the graphic structure, come the supplementary screening PS point through CR, applicable SAR image large tracts of land that is not high in spatial resolution implements transmission corridor deformation monitoring and the accurate discernment location of shaft tower. And because the position that the corner reflector laid contains the settlement monitoring point of shaft tower, also solved traditional transmission corridor deformation and monitored the problem that is difficult to accurate analysis shaft tower different position's settlement direction under the scene.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a device for monitoring deformation of a transmission corridor is proposed, the coverage area of the transmission corridor comprising a plurality of towers, the device comprising:
a work preparation module 602, configured to measure initial coordinates of all corner reflectors after the corner reflectors are arranged in the power transmission corridor, and obtain a synthetic aperture radar image including the power transmission corridor; the system comprises a plurality of towers, a plurality of corner reflectors, a plurality of monitoring units and a plurality of monitoring units, wherein the corner reflectors are distributed around each tower in a preset graphic structure, and the distribution positions of the corner reflectors comprise settlement monitoring points of the towers;
a data preprocessing module 604, configured to perform image preprocessing on the synthetic aperture radar image to obtain a time series interferogram set, detect all preset graph structures in the synthetic aperture radar image and determine all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image with the preset graph structures as detection targets, and perform permanent scattering point target selection in combination with the determined corner reflector points in the time series interferogram set to obtain a target interferogram set including a permanent scattering target point set; the image preprocessing comprises main and auxiliary image selection, image registration, cutting and combination and interference phase calculation;
a differential interference calculation module 606, configured to remove the flat ground phase and the terrain phase of the target interferogram set by using the initial coordinate of the corner reflector as a constraint condition, generate a differential interference phase, and calculate the differential interference phase pixel by pixel to generate a differential interferogram;
a time and space domain deformation estimation module 608, configured to perform time and space domain linear deformation phase estimation on the differential interference phase of the differential interference pattern to obtain a time series deformation phase of each point target;
a deformation quantity estimation and result output module 610, configured to perform phase transformation and deformation calculation on the time series deformation phase to obtain a deformation quantity measurement value of the synthetic aperture radar image; the deformation measurement value is used for determining the deformation condition of the tower and the settlement directions in different directions.
Fig. 7 shows an internal structure diagram of the power transmission corridor deformation monitoring device in one embodiment. As shown in fig. 7, the power corridor deformation monitoring device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected via a system bus. Wherein the memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The nonvolatile storage medium of the power transmission corridor deformation monitoring equipment stores an operating system and can also store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor can realize the power transmission corridor deformation monitoring method. The internal memory may also have a computer program stored therein, which when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform a power transmission corridor distortion monitoring method. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the configuration shown in fig. 7 is a block diagram of only a portion of the configuration relevant to the present application and does not constitute a limitation of the power transmission corridor deformation monitoring apparatus to which the present application is applied, and that a particular power transmission corridor deformation monitoring apparatus may include more or less components than those shown in the drawings, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
A power transmission corridor deformation monitoring apparatus comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program: after the corner reflectors are arranged in the power transmission corridor, measuring initial coordinates of all the arranged corner reflectors, and acquiring a synthetic aperture radar image containing the power transmission corridor; performing image preprocessing on the synthetic aperture radar image to obtain a time series interference image set, detecting all preset image structures in the synthetic aperture radar image and determining all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image by taking the preset image structures as detection targets, and performing permanent scattering point target selection in the time series interference image set by combining the determined corner reflector points to obtain a target interference image set containing a permanent scattering target point set; removing the flat ground phase and the terrain phase of the target interference pattern set by taking the initial coordinate of the corner reflector as a constraint condition to generate a differential interference phase, and calculating the differential interference phase pixel by pixel to generate a differential interference pattern; carrying out linear deformation phase estimation of time and space domains on differential interference phases of the differential interference patterns to obtain time series deformation phases of each point target; and calculating the phase transformation deformation of the time series deformation phase to obtain a deformation quantity measured value of the synthetic aperture radar image.
A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of: after the corner reflectors are arranged in the power transmission corridor, measuring initial coordinates of all the arranged corner reflectors, and acquiring a synthetic aperture radar image containing the power transmission corridor; performing image preprocessing on the synthetic aperture radar image to obtain a time sequence interference image set, detecting all preset image structures in the synthetic aperture radar image and determining all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image by taking the preset image structures as detection targets, and performing permanent scattering point target selection by combining the determined corner reflector points in the time sequence interference image set to obtain a target interference image set containing a permanent scattering target point set; removing the flat ground phase and the terrain phase of the target interference pattern set by taking the initial coordinate of the corner reflector as a constraint condition to generate a differential interference phase, and calculating the differential interference phase pixel by pixel to generate a differential interference pattern; carrying out linear deformation phase estimation of time and space domains on differential interference phases of the differential interference patterns to obtain time series deformation phases of each point target; and calculating the phase transformation deformation of the time series deformation phase to obtain a deformation quantity measured value of the synthetic aperture radar image.
It should be noted that the above method, apparatus, device and computer-readable storage medium for monitoring deformation of power transmission corridor are a general inventive concept, and the contents in the embodiments of the method, apparatus, device and computer-readable storage medium for monitoring deformation of power transmission corridor are applicable to each other.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above when the program is executed. Any reference to memory, storage, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein can include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), rambus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
All possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for monitoring deformation of a power transmission corridor, wherein the coverage area of the power transmission corridor comprises a plurality of towers, and the method comprises the following steps:
after the corner reflectors are arranged in the power transmission corridor, measuring initial coordinates of all the arranged corner reflectors, and acquiring a synthetic aperture radar image containing the power transmission corridor; the system comprises a plurality of towers, a plurality of corner reflectors, a plurality of monitoring units and a plurality of monitoring units, wherein the corner reflectors are distributed around each tower in a preset graphic structure, and the distribution positions of the corner reflectors comprise settlement monitoring points of the towers;
performing image preprocessing on the synthetic aperture radar image to obtain a time sequence interference image set, detecting all preset image structures in the synthetic aperture radar image and determining all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image by taking the preset image structures as detection targets, and performing permanent scattering point target selection by combining the determined corner reflector points in the time sequence interference image set to obtain a target interference image set containing a permanent scattering target point set; the image preprocessing comprises main and auxiliary image selection, image registration, cutting and combination and interference phase calculation;
removing the flat ground phase and the terrain phase of the target interference pattern set by taking the initial coordinate of the corner reflector as a constraint condition to generate a differential interference phase, and calculating the differential interference phase pixel by pixel to generate a differential interference pattern;
carrying out linear deformation phase estimation of time and space domains on the differential interference phase of the differential interference pattern to obtain a time sequence deformation phase of each point target;
calculating phase transformation deformation of the time sequence deformation phase to obtain a deformation measurement value of the synthetic aperture radar image; and the deformation measurement value is used for determining the deformation condition of the tower and the settlement directions in different directions.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a monitoring surface of a target pole tower by analyzing the running track of a synthetic aperture radar satellite and a synthetic aperture radar satellite signal corresponding to the target pole tower according to the position and the orientation of the target pole tower; the target tower is any one of the towers;
determining a settlement monitoring point of the target pole tower based on the surrounding topography of the target pole tower;
taking the monitoring surface and the settlement monitoring points of the target tower as combined arrangement points of corner reflectors, so that the corner reflectors are arranged at the combined arrangement points to form the preset graph structure;
the measuring of the initial coordinates of all the deployed corner reflectors comprises:
when a target corner reflector receives a synthetic aperture radar satellite signal to the maximum extent, fixing the orientation of the target corner reflector, acquiring a two-dimensional coordinate of the target corner reflector through a global navigation satellite based on a power grid continuous operation reference station technology, acquiring an elevation value of the target corner reflector through a digital level gauge, and taking the two-dimensional coordinate and the elevation value of the target corner reflector as initial coordinates of the target corner reflector to obtain initial coordinates of all corner reflectors; wherein the target corner reflector is any one of all deployed corner reflectors.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein image pre-processing the synthetic aperture radar image to obtain a time series interferogram set comprises:
calculating relative time base lines and space base lines among all the obtained synthetic aperture radar images and combining the relative time base lines and the space base lines to generate a time base line distribution map and a space base line distribution map, wherein one synthetic aperture radar image with the centered time base line and the centered space base line in the time base line distribution map and the space base line distribution map is used as a main image, and the other synthetic aperture radar images except the main image are used as auxiliary images;
cutting all the auxiliary images into a plurality of image small blocks with first preset sizes through a sliding window, and registering the image small blocks with the main image to obtain a plurality of interference image pairs; the overlapping of preset ratios is kept between the adjacent image small blocks with the first preset size;
respectively carrying out image pair combination on the plurality of interference image pairs and the main image by taking a time sequence as a reference so as to obtain a plurality of time sequence interference image pairs;
interference phases are calculated pixel by pixel for each time series interference image pair to generate a time series interference image set.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein detecting all the predetermined pattern structures in the synthetic aperture radar image and determining all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image with the predetermined pattern structures as the detection targets comprises:
cutting the synthetic aperture radar image in the time series interference image pair into a plurality of image small blocks with a second preset size through a sliding window; the adjacent image small blocks with the second preset size are overlapped by a preset ratio;
and performing target detection on the plurality of image small blocks with the second preset size by using the preset graph structure as a detection target through the trained target detection model to obtain the detected preset graph structure, and using each constituent point in the detected preset graph structure as a corner reflector point to obtain all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar image.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
calculating the gray mean and the gray variance of a background area in the sample synthetic aperture radar image;
in the sample synthetic aperture radar image, if a target pixel meets a preset peak value condition, determining that the peak value characteristic of the target image is 1, and if the target pixel does not meet the preset peak value condition, determining that the peak value characteristic of the target image is 0; the target pixel is any one pixel in the sample synthetic aperture radar image, the peak condition is that the gray value of the target pixel is greater than a gray characteristic value, the difference value between the gray value of the target pixel and the gray value of each of the rest pixels in a local area is greater than the variance, the gray characteristic value is determined based on the gray mean value and the gray variance, and the local area is a pixel area which is in a preset size and contains the target pixel;
in the sample synthetic aperture radar image, marking all pixels with peak characteristics of 1 as sample corner reflector points, and marking all preset graph structures as sample preset graph structures based on the sample corner reflector points to obtain a marked synthetic aperture radar image;
and taking the marked synthetic aperture radar image as the input of a target detection model, acquiring an output detection preset graph structure, and adjusting the parameters of the target detection model according to the detection preset graph structure and the sample preset graph structure until the target detection model is converged to obtain the trained target detection model.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein said performing permanent scattering point target selection in combination with the determined corner reflector points in the time series interferogram set to obtain a target interferogram set containing a permanent scattering target point set comprises:
and in the time series interferogram set, taking the determined corner reflector point as a permanent scattering initial point, setting the determined corner reflector point as a search initial point in the time series interferogram set, searching other permanent scattering target points from the search initial point to the periphery, and taking all the determined permanent scattering initial points and the searched permanent scattering target points as a permanent scattering target point set to obtain the target interferogram set.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring ephemeris data, global navigation satellite coordinates, level elevation and digital elevation model data of a power transmission corridor;
and registering the digital elevation model data and the main image by taking the ephemeris data, the global navigation satellite coordinates and the level elevation as constraint conditions, cutting the range of the digital elevation model data to be consistent with the main image, and calculating the terrain phase by using the registered digital elevation model data.
8. A transmission corridor deformation monitoring device, characterized in that the coverage area of the transmission corridor comprises a plurality of towers, the device comprises:
the work preparation module is used for measuring initial coordinates of all the arranged corner reflectors after the corner reflectors are arranged in the power transmission corridor, and acquiring a synthetic aperture radar image containing the power transmission corridor; the system comprises a plurality of towers, wherein a plurality of corner reflectors distributed in a preset graph structure surround each tower, and the distribution positions of the corner reflectors comprise settlement monitoring points of the towers;
the data preprocessing module is used for preprocessing images of the synthetic aperture radar images to obtain a time sequence interference image set, detecting all preset image structures in the synthetic aperture radar images and determining all corner reflector points in the synthetic aperture radar images by taking the preset image structures as detection targets, and selecting permanent scattering point targets in the time sequence interference image set by combining the determined corner reflector points to obtain a target interference image set containing the permanent scattering target point set; the image preprocessing comprises main and auxiliary image selection, image registration, cutting and combining and interference phase calculation;
the differential interference calculation module is used for removing the flat ground phase and the terrain phase of the target interference pattern set by taking the initial coordinate of the corner reflector as a constraint condition to generate a differential interference phase, and calculating the differential interference phase pixel by pixel to generate a differential interference pattern;
the time and space domain deformation estimation module is used for carrying out time and space domain linear deformation phase estimation on the differential interference phase of the differential interference image so as to obtain a time sequence deformation phase of each point target;
the deformation quantity estimation and result output module is used for calculating phase transformation deformation of the time series deformation phase to obtain a deformation quantity measured value of the synthetic aperture radar image; and the deformation measurement value is used for determining the deformation condition of the tower and the settlement directions in different directions.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A power transmission corridor deformation monitoring method apparatus comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that the memory stores a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN117274342B (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-02-13 | 中铁水利水电规划设计集团有限公司 | Hydraulic engineering deformation monitoring method based on satellite data |
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