CN115184692A - Lightning positioning method and system, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Lightning positioning method and system, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN115184692A CN115184692A CN202210850120.5A CN202210850120A CN115184692A CN 115184692 A CN115184692 A CN 115184692A CN 202210850120 A CN202210850120 A CN 202210850120A CN 115184692 A CN115184692 A CN 115184692A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0807—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by the application
- G01R29/0814—Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning
- G01R29/0842—Measurements related to lightning, e.g. measuring electric disturbances, warning systems
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a lightning positioning method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring sound data and electromagnetic wave data to be identified; determining target thunder information including at least one target thunder signal in the sound data by using the sound signal and a pre-trained first model; determining target lightning information including a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target lightning sound signal in the electromagnetic wave data by using the target lightning sound signal, the electromagnetic wave signal and a pre-trained second model; and determining the target position information of thunder and lightning according to the target thunder and lightning information and the target thunder and lightning information so as to realize thunder and lightning positioning. By the mode, the high-precision thunder recognition model and the acoustoelectric matching model are established by combining the voiceprint recognition technology with the neural network algorithm, and the thunder signal recognition precision is improved, so that the high-precision positioning of a single detection station on thunder is realized. Due to the fact that thunder is recognized with high precision, thunder signals contained in the thunder signals can be extracted to carry out comprehensive lightning monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of measurement technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, a device, and a storage medium for positioning lightning.
Background
Lightning is a phenomenon in which electric charges in a cloud discharge to the ground or discharge between clouds, and when discharged to the ground, a ground flash is formed. When a ground-based lightning occurs near a power transmission line or an electric device, the electric device may be seriously damaged by means of a shielding failure or counterattack.
Recent statistical data show that the damage caused by thunder exceeds ice coating, mountain fire, external damage, pollution and the like, and the damage causes the first major tripping of power grids in many places. At present, many local power grid companies have built lightning positioning systems for monitoring lightning phenomena and recording lightning data.
However, the traditional lightning positioning system needs to rely on a plurality of lightning detection stations to position the monitoring of the same lightning signal, so that the cost of lightning monitoring is increased, and important monitoring on important equipment is difficult.
The thunder and lightning location needs to be made clear of the direction and the distance of thunder and lightning emergence place for the monitoring point, and traditional thunder and lightning positioner relies on and fixes a position the monitoring of electromagnetic wave, and single detection station only can acquire the direction information of thunder and lightning emergence point, therefore traditional thunder and lightning positioning system need combine the measuring signal of a plurality of detection stations, carries out the judgement of direction and distance to carry out the thunder and lightning monitoring.
For overcoming the limitation that single detection station can not monitor, the thunder and lightning detection idea that utilizes the combination of sound-light-electricity signals has been proposed at home and abroad, and the thunder and lightning distance is calculated by utilizing the time difference of light, electric signals and thunder and lightning signals reaching the detection station, so that the monitoring of thunder and lightning by utilizing the single detection station is realized, but the method has the following defects: 1) Thunder signals are easily interfered by environmental noise, and the traditional method is difficult to accurately distinguish the thunder signals from the environmental noise; 2) The sound, light and electromagnetic wave signals generated by thunder are not in simple linear corresponding relation, the traditional method is difficult to accurately match the thunder with the corresponding light and electric signals, and particularly when a plurality of thunder occur simultaneously in an area, the traditional method cannot accurately correspond the thunder to the corresponding light and electric signals one by one. Therefore, in order to realize the single-station detection of the lightning and improve the accuracy of the monitoring, a new monitoring technology is adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a lightning positioning method, a lightning positioning system, lightning positioning equipment and a lightning storage medium, which can solve the problem that an effective lightning single-station detection lightning monitoring technology is lacked in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a lightning location method, including:
acquiring sound data to be identified and electromagnetic wave data, wherein the sound data are collected by a thunder receiving device, the electromagnetic wave data are collected by an electromagnetic wave receiving device, the sound data at least comprise sound signals, and the electromagnetic wave data at least comprise electromagnetic wave signals;
determining target thunder information in the sound data by using the sound signals and a pre-trained first model, wherein the target thunder information comprises at least one target thunder signal, and the first model is a thunder identification model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing thunder signal samples;
determining target lightning information in the electromagnetic wave data by using the target thunder signal, the electromagnetic wave signal and a pre-trained second model, wherein the target lightning information at least comprises a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal, and the second model is a lightning sound-electricity matching model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing the corresponding relation between the thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal;
and determining the target position information of thunder and lightning according to the target thunder and lightning information and the target thunder and lightning information so as to realize thunder and lightning positioning.
In a feasible implementation manner, the target lightning information further includes a lightning direction, an electromagnetic wave propagation speed, and an electromagnetic wave collection time, the target thunder information further includes a signal collection time of a thunder signal and an arrival time of the thunder signal at an orthogonally placed acoustic wave sensor of the thunder receiving device, and the determining the target location information of lightning according to the target thunder information and the target lightning information includes:
determining a first time difference between the electromagnetic wave collection time and the signal collection time;
determining a second time difference between arrival times of a target thunder signal at two orthogonally arranged acoustic wave sensors in the thunder receiving device and a first distance between the two acoustic wave sensors;
determining an included angle between the lightning direction and the two sound wave sensors;
and determining the target distance between lightning and the detection station by utilizing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed, the first distance, the included angle, the first time difference and the second time difference, wherein the target position information comprises the lightning direction and the target distance.
In one possible implementation, the determining the target distance between the lightning and the detection station by using the electromagnetic wave propagation speed, the first distance, the included angle, the first time difference and the second time difference includes:
wherein x is the target distance between the lightning and the detection station, v e For the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave, a is a first distance between two sound wave sensors which are arranged orthogonally, theta is an included angle between the lightning direction and a connecting line of the two sound wave sensors, delta t is a first time difference between the collection time of the electromagnetic wave and the collection time of the signal, and t is 0 Is the second time difference of the target thunder signal arriving at the two acoustic sensors.
In a possible implementation manner, the sound data further includes a signal collection time of a sound signal, and an arrival time of the sound signal at an orthogonally disposed sound wave sensor of the thunder receiving device, and then the determining, by using the sound signal and a pre-trained first model, target thunder information in the sound data includes:
decomposing the superposed sound signals from different directions by using a difference method to obtain split sound signals;
inputting the split sound signal into the first model, and determining a target similarity of the sound signal, wherein the target similarity is used for reflecting the credibility of the sound signal as a thunder signal;
performing scoring decision processing by using the target similarity to determine each target thunder signal in the sound signals;
and determining signal collection time and arrival time corresponding to the target thunder signal in the sound data to obtain the target thunder information, wherein the target thunder information at least comprises the target thunder signal, and the signal collection time and the arrival time corresponding to the target thunder signal.
In one possible implementation, the determining target lightning information in the electromagnetic wave data by using the target thunder signal, the electromagnetic wave signal and a pre-trained second model further includes:
inputting the target thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal into the second model, and determining a target matching degree of the electromagnetic wave signal and the target thunder signal, wherein the matching degree is used for reflecting the credibility that the electromagnetic wave signal and the target thunder signal are the same thunder signal;
performing scoring decision processing by using the target matching degree, and determining a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal in the electromagnetic wave signals;
performing electromagnetic wave orthogonal decomposition processing on the target electromagnetic wave signal, and determining the propagation direction of the target electromagnetic wave signal, wherein the propagation direction is used for indicating the lightning direction;
and determining electromagnetic wave collection time and electromagnetic wave propagation speed corresponding to the target electromagnetic wave signal in the electromagnetic wave data to obtain the target lightning information, wherein the target lightning information comprises the corresponding relation between the target lightning signal and the target electromagnetic wave signal, and the electromagnetic wave collection time, the electromagnetic wave propagation speed and the propagation direction corresponding to the target electromagnetic wave signal.
To achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a lightning location system, comprising:
thunder receiving device, electromagnetic wave receiving device, thunder positioning device and information storage device;
the thunder receiving device, the electromagnetic wave receiving device and the information storage device are respectively in communication connection with the thunder positioning device;
the thunder receiving device is used for collecting sound data and transmitting the collected sound data to the thunder positioning device;
the electromagnetic wave receiving device is used for collecting electromagnetic wave data and transmitting the collected electromagnetic wave data to the thunder and lightning positioning device;
the lightning location device is used for performing the steps of the method according to the first aspect and any one of the possible implementations to locate lightning and transmitting the lightning target position information to the information storage device for storage.
In a possible implementation manner, the thunder receiving device includes an acoustic wave sensor, a first filter, a first signal amplifier, and a first power supply device, which are arranged orthogonally, and the acoustic wave sensor, the first filter, the first signal amplifier, and the first power supply device are electrically connected in sequence.
In one possible implementation manner, the electromagnetic wave receiving device includes an antenna, a second filter, a second signal amplifier, and a second power supply device, which are orthogonally arranged, and the antenna, the second filter, the second signal amplifier, and the second power supply device are electrically connected in sequence.
To achieve the above object, a third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method according to the first aspect and any possible implementation manner.
To achieve the above object, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to execute the steps of the method as shown in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner.
By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:
the invention provides a lightning positioning method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring sound data to be identified and electromagnetic wave data, wherein the sound data are collected by a thunder receiving device, the electromagnetic wave data are collected by an electromagnetic wave receiving device, the sound data at least comprise sound signals, and the electromagnetic wave data at least comprise electromagnetic wave signals; determining target thunder information in the sound data by using the sound signals and a pre-trained first model, wherein the target thunder information comprises at least one target thunder signal, and the first model is a thunder identification model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing thunder signal samples; determining target lightning information in the electromagnetic wave data by using a target thunder signal, an electromagnetic wave signal and a pre-trained second model, wherein the target lightning information at least comprises a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal, and the second model is a lightning sound-electricity matching model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing the corresponding relation between the thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal; and determining the target position information of the thunder and lightning according to the target thunder and lightning information and the target thunder and lightning information so as to realize thunder and lightning positioning. By the mode, the high-precision thunder recognition model and the high-precision acoustoelectric matching model are established by combining the voiceprint recognition technology with the neural network algorithm, and the thunder signal recognition precision is improved, so that the thunder positioning accuracy is improved. Not only can realize single high accuracy location of surveying the station to the thunder and lightning, owing to carried out high accuracy discernment to the thunder, still can extract the thunder and lightning signal that contains in the thunder and lightning signal simultaneously, carry out comprehensive monitoring to the thunder and lightning. Based on the voiceprint recognition technology, thunder is recognized, extracted and analyzed, the lightning can be rapidly and accurately positioned at a single station, the lightning positioning cost is greatly reduced, resources are saved, and the positioning efficiency and accuracy are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a lightning location system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a lightning location method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is another flow chart of a lightning location method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a lightning location system;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a lightning location system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the lightning location system 100 shown in fig. 1 includes: a thunder receiving device 101, an electromagnetic wave receiving device 102, a thunder positioning device 103, and an information storage device 104. The thunder receiving device 101, the electromagnetic wave receiving device 102 and the information storage device 104 are respectively in communication connection with the lightning positioning device 103, so that each device can communicate with the lightning positioning device 103 to realize data transmission.
Further, the thunder receiving device 101 is configured to collect sound data, and transmit the collected sound data to the thunder positioning device 103, where the sound data is environmental sound collected by the thunder receiving device, for example, when a thunder occurs, the sound data includes sound with a thunder signal, and the sound data including the thunder signal can be obtained by the thunder receiving device collecting the sound to identify the thunder. After the sound is collected, the sound waveform may be subjected to a series of processing, and the sound waveform data may be converted into an electrical signal to obtain sound data, and the sound data may be transmitted between devices. Illustratively, the thunder collecting device amplifies the collected low-frequency sound waves to obtain sound waveforms and sound generation time, so as to obtain sound data.
The electromagnetic wave receiving device 102 is configured to collect electromagnetic wave data, and transmit the collected electromagnetic wave data to the lightning location device 103, where the electromagnetic wave data is the ambient electromagnetic wave collected by the electromagnetic wave receiving device, for example, when lightning occurs, the sound data includes an electromagnetic wave signal generated by lightning, and the electromagnetic wave data including the electromagnetic wave signal is collected by the electromagnetic wave receiving device to identify lightning. After the electromagnetic waves are collected, a series of processing can be carried out on the electromagnetic wave waveforms, and then the electromagnetic wave waveform data are converted into electric signals to obtain electromagnetic wave data, and the electromagnetic wave data are transmitted between devices. For example, the electromagnetic wave collecting device amplifies the collected very low frequency electromagnetic wave to obtain the waveform of the electromagnetic wave and the generation time of the electromagnetic wave, thereby obtaining the electromagnetic wave data.
The lightning location device 103 is configured to perform the steps of the lightning location method described in this application to locate lightning, and transmit the lightning target location information to the information storage device 104 for storage. The lightning target position information includes, but is not limited to, the geographic position of lightning occurrence, the lightning direction, lightning signals, electromagnetic wave signals, the occurrence time, the distance from the detection station, and the like.
Further, the information storage device, which may also be called a lightning location processing and storing unit, is used for accurately locating the lightning occurrence location by acquiring lightning direction and distance information and combining with the geographic information system and the location information of the detection station, and establishing a database for storing lightning locations and parameters, and comprises a central processing unit, a hard disk, a buffer and the like.
For example, the embodiment shown in fig. 1 is a positioning manner of a single lightning detection station, that is, the embodiment includes a set of lightning sound receiving device and electromagnetic wave receiving device, wherein: the thunder and lightning positioning device is connected with the thunder and lightning positioning device and transmits an electric signal which is converted by sound waves and carries voiceprint information, the electromagnetic wave receiving device is connected with the thunder and lightning positioning device and transmits a received electromagnetic wave signal, the thunder and lightning positioning device identifies and transmits the identified voiceprint signal, the electromagnetic wave signal and thunder and lightning parameters, the thunder and lightning positioning device is connected with the information storage device, namely a thunder and lightning position processing and storage unit, and thunder and lightning direction and distance information after model operation and thunder and lightning current parameters carried in the sound and electric signals are transmitted. The GPS time service module can be connected with each module or device and provides time for the modules or devices to obtain time information.
In a possible implementation manner, the thunder receiving device 101 includes an acoustic wave sensor, a first filter, a first signal amplifier, and a first power supply device, which are arranged orthogonally, and the acoustic wave sensor, the first filter, the first signal amplifier, and the first power supply device are electrically connected in sequence. It can be understood that the sound wave sensor can be used for monitoring sound signals, the first filter can filter the sound signals, the first signal amplifier can amplify the filtered sound signals, and the first power supply device supplies power to the thunder receiving device to ensure normal operation of the thunder receiving device.
In one possible implementation, the electromagnetic wave receiving device 102 includes an antenna, a second filter, a second signal amplifier, and a second power supply device, which are orthogonally arranged, and the antenna, the second filter, the second signal amplifier, and the second power supply device are electrically connected in sequence. It is understood that the antenna may be configured to monitor electromagnetic wave signals, the second filter may filter the electromagnetic wave signals, the second signal amplifier may amplify the filtered electromagnetic wave signals, and the second power supply device supplies power to the electromagnetic wave receiving device to ensure its normal operation.
The invention provides a lightning positioning system, which comprises: thunder receiving device, electromagnetic wave receiving device, thunder positioning device and information storage device; the thunder receiving device, the electromagnetic wave receiving device and the information storage device are respectively in communication connection with the thunder positioning device; the thunder receiving device is used for collecting sound data and transmitting the collected sound data to the thunder positioning device; the electromagnetic wave receiving device is used for collecting electromagnetic wave data and transmitting the collected electromagnetic wave data to the lightning positioning device; the thunder and lightning positioning device is used for carrying out the thunder and lightning positioning steps of the thunder and lightning positioning method and transmitting the thunder and lightning target position information to the information storage device for storage. By the mode, the high-precision thunder recognition model and the acoustoelectric matching model are established by combining the voiceprint recognition technology with the neural network algorithm, and the thunder signal recognition precision is improved, so that the thunder positioning accuracy is improved. Not only can realize single high accuracy location of surveying the station to the thunder and lightning, owing to carried out high accuracy discernment to the thunder, still can extract the thunder and lightning signal that contains in the thunder and lightning signal simultaneously, carry out comprehensive monitoring to the thunder and lightning. Based on the voiceprint recognition technology, thunder is recognized, extracted and analyzed, the lightning can be rapidly and accurately positioned at a single station, the lightning positioning cost is greatly reduced, resources are saved, and the positioning efficiency and accuracy are improved.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a lightning location method according to an embodiment of the invention, where the method in fig. 2 includes:
201. acquiring sound data and electromagnetic wave data to be identified;
the sound data is collected by the thunder receiving device, the electromagnetic wave data is collected by the electromagnetic wave receiving device, the sound data at least comprises sound signals, and the electromagnetic wave data at least comprises electromagnetic wave signals. The thunder receiving device and the electromagnetic wave receiving device are used for detecting environmental sound and electromagnetic waves, and then the thunder receiving device and the electromagnetic wave receiving device can timely collect relevant data when thunder occurs, so that thunder can be positioned based on the sound data and the electromagnetic wave data.
202. Determining target thunder information in the sound data by using the sound signal and a pre-trained first model;
it should be noted that, in order to implement lightning localization, a first model for thunder recognition is trained in advance, the first model is a thunder recognition model obtained by performing model training based on training data including thunder signal samples, specifically, feature parameter extraction of thunder is performed based on training data including a large amount of natural lightning acquisition data, extracted thunder features are input to a basic model training based on a neural network algorithm until a first model capable of implementing thunder signal recognition is obtained, further, recognition of thunder signals can be implemented by the first model, and then target thunder information can include at least one target thunder signal, wherein because the first model belongs to a high-precision recognition model, when a sound signal includes a plurality of thunder signals, the plurality of thunder signals can also be recognized and distinguished, and further, the target thunder information can also include a plurality of target thunder signals.
203. Determining target lightning information in the electromagnetic wave data by using the target lightning sound signal, the electromagnetic wave signal and a pre-trained second model;
further, in order to realize lightning location, thunder and lightning need to be recognized, thunder and lightning information needs to be obtained, and then a second model used for recognizing thunder and lightning is trained in advance, the second model is a lightning sound and electricity matching model obtained through model training based on training data containing corresponding relations between thunder and lightning signals and electromagnetic wave signals, specifically, training data containing a large amount of natural lightning collecting data is used for extracting characteristic parameters of the electromagnetic waves and the thunder, the extracted electromagnetic wave characteristics and the thunder characteristics are input into a basic model based on a neural network algorithm for training until the second model capable of recognizing the thunder and lightning signals is obtained, further, recognition of the electromagnetic wave signals corresponding to the thunder and lightning signals can be realized through the second model, and then the target lightning information at least can comprise target electromagnetic wave signals corresponding to the target thunder and lightning signals, wherein the second model belongs to a high-precision matching model, and then when the sound signals comprise the thunder and lightning signals, the lightning signals can be recognized correspondingly.
In summary, in steps 202 and 203, voiceprint recognition is realized by establishing a neural network model between the electric signal carrying the sound wave information and the thunder information, and a thunder high-precision recognition model is obtained by training the model by using a large amount of real thunder signals and various sound signals and is applied to voiceprint recognition for recognizing thunder; and meanwhile, establishing a neural network model between the electromagnetic waves and the thunder signals, performing model training by utilizing a large number of real thunder signals and corresponding electromagnetic wave signals to obtain a sound-electricity high-precision matching model, and applying the sound-electricity high-precision matching model to sound-electricity recognition matching. Both models are established and trained well in the system research and development process, and are continuously iterated and perfected in the system application process.
204. And determining the target position information of the thunder and lightning according to the target thunder and lightning information and the target thunder and lightning information so as to realize thunder and lightning positioning.
It should be noted that after the target thunder information including the thunder signal and the target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the thunder signal are obtained, the target position information of the thunder can be determined according to the target thunder information and the target thunder information, so as to realize the thunder positioning.
The invention provides a lightning positioning method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring sound data to be identified and electromagnetic wave data, wherein the sound data are collected by a thunder receiving device, the electromagnetic wave data are collected by an electromagnetic wave receiving device, the sound data at least comprise sound signals, and the electromagnetic wave data at least comprise electromagnetic wave signals; determining target thunder information in the sound data by using the sound signals and a pre-trained first model, wherein the target thunder information comprises at least one target thunder signal, and the first model is a thunder identification model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing thunder signal samples; determining target lightning information in the electromagnetic wave data by using a target thunder signal, an electromagnetic wave signal and a pre-trained second model, wherein the target lightning information at least comprises a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal, and the second model is a lightning sound-electricity matching model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing the corresponding relation between the thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal; and determining the target position information of the thunder and lightning according to the target thunder and lightning information and the target thunder and lightning information so as to realize thunder and lightning positioning. By the mode, the high-precision thunder recognition model and the acoustoelectric matching model are established by combining the voiceprint recognition technology with the neural network algorithm, and the thunder signal recognition precision is improved, so that the thunder positioning accuracy is improved. The high-precision positioning of a single detection station to thunder and lightning can be realized, and meanwhile, due to the fact that thunder is subjected to high-precision identification, thunder and lightning signals contained in the thunder and lightning signals can be extracted, and the thunder and lightning can be comprehensively monitored. Based on the voiceprint recognition technology, thunder is recognized, extracted and analyzed, the single-station rapid and accurate lightning positioning is achieved, the lightning positioning cost is greatly reduced, resources are saved, and the positioning efficiency and the accuracy are improved.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is another flow chart of a lightning location method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the method shown in fig. 3 includes:
301. acquiring sound data and electromagnetic wave data to be identified;
the sound data is collected by a thunder receiving device, the electromagnetic wave data is collected by an electromagnetic wave receiving device, the sound data at least comprises a sound signal, and the electromagnetic wave data at least comprises an electromagnetic wave signal;
302. determining target thunder information in the sound data by using the sound signal and a pre-trained first model;
the target thunder information comprises at least one target thunder signal, and the first model is a thunder identification model obtained by model training based on training data containing thunder signal samples;
it should be noted that steps 301 and 302 are similar to steps 201 and 202 shown in fig. 2, and for avoiding repetition, details of steps 201 and 202 may be referred to specifically.
Illustratively, the sound data further includes a signal collection time of the sound signal, and an arrival time of the sound signal at the orthogonally disposed acoustic wave sensor of the thunder receiving device, then step 302 may include the following steps A1-A4:
a1, decomposing superposed sound signals from different directions by using a difference method to obtain split sound signals;
it can be understood that, because the collected environmental data includes multiple sounds or multiple thunder, multiple sound signals may exist in the sound data, and then the superimposed sound signals from different directions may be decomposed by a difference method to obtain split sound signals, so as to realize the decomposition of different sound sources.
A2, inputting the split sound signal into the first model, and determining the target similarity of the sound signal, wherein the target similarity is used for reflecting the credibility of the sound signal as a thunder signal;
a3, performing grading decision processing by using the target similarity, and determining each target thunder signal in the sound signals;
further, after the sound signals are decomposed, the decomposed sound signals can be input into the first model, the target similarity of the sound signals is determined, and the thunder signals can be recognized because the first model is a thunder recognition model, wherein the first model can output the similarity of the sound signals and the thunder signals so as to recognize the thunder signals, and the more similar the two signals are, the higher the similarity is, otherwise, the lower the similarity is. Further, a scoring decision process may be performed using the target similarity to determine each target thunder signal in the sound signals. Thereby distinguishing and obtaining the respective thunder signals.
And A4, determining signal collection time and arrival time corresponding to the target thunder signal in the sound data to obtain the target thunder information, wherein the target thunder information at least comprises the target thunder signal, and the signal collection time and the arrival time corresponding to the target thunder signal.
Further, after the thunder signal is obtained, the waveform of the thunder signal can be obtained, and time information when the thunder signal is collected also exists in the sound data, wherein the time information includes signal collection time and arrival time, and the arrival time is the time when the thunder signal arrives at two orthogonally arranged sound wave sensors, so that the signal collection time and the arrival time corresponding to the target thunder signal can be determined in the sound data, and the target thunder information can be obtained.
303. Determining target lightning information in the electromagnetic wave data by using the target lightning sound signal, the electromagnetic wave signal and a pre-trained second model;
the target lightning information at least comprises a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal, and the second model is a lightning sound and electricity matching model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing the corresponding relation between the thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal;
it should be noted that steps 301 and 302 are similar to steps 201 and 202 shown in fig. 2, and for avoiding repetition, details of steps 201 and 202 may be referred to specifically.
Illustratively, the electromagnetic wave data further includes an electromagnetic wave collection time of the electromagnetic wave signal, and the step 303 may include the following steps B1 to B4:
b1, inputting the target thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal into the second model, and determining the target matching degree of the electromagnetic wave signal and the target thunder signal, wherein the matching degree is used for reflecting the credibility that the electromagnetic wave signal and the target thunder signal are the same thunder signal;
b2, performing scoring decision processing by using the target matching degree, and determining a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal in the electromagnetic wave signals;
further, after the target thunder signal is determined, the target thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal may be input to the second model, and the target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal is determined, where the second model is a thunder and lightning electrical matching model, and the electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the thunder signal may be identified, and the second model determines the target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal specifically by matching the output electromagnetic wave signal with the target thunder signal. The more the two signals are matched, the higher the matching degree is, and the matching degree is used for reflecting the credibility that the electromagnetic wave signal and the target thunder signal are the same thunder signal. Furthermore, scoring decision processing can be performed by using the target similarity, and a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal is determined. It can be understood that the occurrence of lightning is accompanied by the occurrence of sound and light and electricity, and the thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to each lightning can be obtained through the above manner.
B3, performing electromagnetic wave orthogonal decomposition processing on the target electromagnetic wave signal, and determining the propagation direction of the target electromagnetic wave signal, wherein the propagation direction is used for indicating the lightning direction;
furthermore, since the electromagnetic wave signal is obtained based on the orthogonally arranged antenna, after the target electromagnetic wave signal is obtained, the electromagnetic wave orthogonal decomposition processing can be performed on the target electromagnetic wave signal, and the propagation direction of the target electromagnetic wave signal is determined, wherein the propagation direction is used for indicating the lightning direction.
And B4, determining electromagnetic wave collecting time and electromagnetic wave propagation speed corresponding to the target electromagnetic wave signal in the electromagnetic wave data to obtain the target lightning information, wherein the target lightning information comprises the corresponding relation between the target thunder signal and the target electromagnetic wave signal, and the electromagnetic wave collecting time, the electromagnetic wave propagation speed and the propagation direction corresponding to the target electromagnetic wave signal.
And obtaining an electromagnetic wave collection time and an electromagnetic wave propagation speed corresponding to the target electromagnetic wave signal through the electromagnetic wave data, wherein the electromagnetic wave collection time is a time when the antenna collects the corresponding electromagnetic wave, that is, a generation time of the electromagnetic wave, and further obtaining target lightning information, and the target lightning information includes a corresponding relationship between the target lightning signal and the target electromagnetic wave signal, and the electromagnetic wave collection time, the electromagnetic wave propagation speed and the propagation direction corresponding to the target electromagnetic wave signal.
Finally, the target lightning information may further include lightning direction, electromagnetic wave propagation speed, and electromagnetic wave collection time, and the target thunder information may further include signal collection time of the thunder signal and arrival time of the thunder signal at the orthogonally placed acoustic wave sensor of the thunder receiving device, so that the target location information of lightning is determined according to the target thunder information and the target lightning information, which specifically includes the following steps 304 to 307.
304. Determining a first time difference between the electromagnetic wave collection time and the signal collection time;
305. determining a second time difference between arrival times of a target thunder signal at two orthogonally arranged acoustic wave sensors in the thunder receiving device and a first distance between the two acoustic wave sensors;
306. determining an included angle between the lightning direction and the two sound wave sensors;
307. and determining the target distance between lightning and the detection station by utilizing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed, the first distance, the included angle, the first time difference and the second time difference, wherein the target position information comprises the lightning direction and the target distance.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the distance conversion between the lightning and the detection station is performed through the first time difference between the generation time of the thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal of the same lightning, the second time difference between the arrival time of the target thunder signal to the two orthogonally arranged acoustic wave sensors, the first distance between the two acoustic wave sensors, and the included angle between the lightning direction and the two acoustic wave sensors, so that after the target lightning information and the target thunder information are obtained, the first time difference between the electromagnetic wave collection time and the signal collection time can be determined. A second time difference between arrival times of the orthogonally arranged acoustic wave sensors, and a first distance between the two acoustic wave sensors, a lightning direction and an included angle of the two acoustic wave sensors. And then determining the target distance between lightning and the detection station by utilizing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed, the first distance, the included angle, the first time difference and the second time difference, wherein the target position information comprises the lightning direction and the target distance.
For example, the target distance determination, i.e., step 306, may refer to the following equation:
where x is the target distance between the lightning and the detection station, v e For the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave, a is a first distance between two sound wave sensors which are arranged orthogonally, theta is an included angle between the lightning direction and a connecting line of the two sound wave sensors, delta t is a first time difference between the collection time of the electromagnetic wave and the collection time of the signal, and t is 0 Is the second time difference of the target thunder signal arriving at the two acoustic sensors.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is an application environment diagram of a lightning location system according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 shows a location manner by using a multi-substation networking, as shown in fig. 4, the embodiment includes: a plurality of lightning detection substations 401, a lightning location device 402 and an information storage device 403. The lightning detection sub-stations 401 are connected with a central data station consisting of a lightning positioning device 402 and an information storage device 403 and transmit lightning data information to central data, wherein the lightning data information includes but is not limited to lightning waveform, position, time information and the like. The lightning detection substation transmits lightning data information by using a wired or wireless network, and comprises a thunder collecting device and an electromagnetic wave collecting device shown in fig. 1, which can be specifically referred to the content shown in fig. 1, and is not described herein any more, the number of the detection substations can be extended from tens to hundreds as required, and is only exemplified and not limited herein. The GPS time service module can be connected with each module or device and provides time for the module or device, so that time information can be obtained.
The invention provides a lightning positioning method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring sound data to be identified and electromagnetic wave data, wherein the sound data are collected by a thunder receiving device, the electromagnetic wave data are collected by an electromagnetic wave receiving device, the sound data at least comprise sound signals, and the electromagnetic wave data at least comprise electromagnetic wave signals; determining target thunder information in the sound data by using the sound signals and a pre-trained first model, wherein the target thunder information comprises at least one target thunder signal, and the first model is a thunder identification model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing thunder signal samples; determining target lightning information in the electromagnetic wave data by using a target thunder signal, an electromagnetic wave signal and a pre-trained second model, wherein the target lightning information at least comprises a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal, and the second model is a lightning sound-electricity matching model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing the corresponding relation between the thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal; determining a first time difference between the electromagnetic wave collection time and the signal collection time; determining a second time difference between arrival times of a target thunder signal at two acoustic wave sensors in the acoustic wave sensors which are orthogonally arranged in the thunder receiving device and a first distance between the two acoustic wave sensors; determining an included angle between the lightning direction and the two sound wave sensors; and determining the target distance between lightning and the detection station by utilizing the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave, the first distance, the included angle, the first time difference and the second time difference, wherein the target position information comprises the lightning direction and the target distance. Through the mode, 1) quick and accurate positioning of thunder and lightning can be completed only by utilizing one detecting station without a plurality of detecting station combinations and multilayer system frameworks, the cost of the thunder and lightning positioning system is greatly reduced, and resources can be greatly saved when key monitoring areas distributed sporadically are monitored. 2) The distance is calculated by utilizing the receiving time difference of thunder and electromagnetic waves, and the influence of time synchronization errors on distance measurement is greatly reduced due to the fact that the speed difference of sound velocity and the speed of the electromagnetic waves is large. 3) Thunder recognition is extracted and analyzed based on the voiceprint recognition technology, the neural network model is matched with the electromagnetic wave signals, accuracy of the thunder recognition and the electric and acoustic matching is greatly improved, and thunder information in the electric and acoustic signals can be comprehensively obtained. 4) The positioning accuracy can be further improved by combining a plurality of detection stations and setting a central data station networking mode.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment. The computer device may specifically be a terminal, and may also be a server. As shown in fig. 5, the computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected by a system bus. Wherein the memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium of the computer device stores an operating system and may also store a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to carry out the above method. The internal memory may also have a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the method described above. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 5 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as particular computing devices may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In an embodiment, a computer device is proposed, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the above mentioned lightning localization method.
In an embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is proposed, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, causes the processor to carry out the above-mentioned lightning localization method.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above when the program is executed. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), rambus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct Rambus Dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and Rambus Dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
All possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent application shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for lightning localization, the method comprising:
acquiring sound data to be identified and electromagnetic wave data, wherein the sound data are collected by a thunder receiving device, the electromagnetic wave data are collected by an electromagnetic wave receiving device, the sound data at least comprise sound signals, and the electromagnetic wave data at least comprise electromagnetic wave signals;
determining target thunder information in the sound data by using the sound signals and a pre-trained first model, wherein the target thunder information comprises at least one target thunder signal, and the first model is a thunder identification model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing thunder signal samples;
determining target thunder information in the electromagnetic wave data by using the target thunder signal, the electromagnetic wave signal and a pre-trained second model, wherein the target thunder information at least comprises a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal, and the second model is a thunder sound electric matching model obtained by performing model training on the basis of training data containing the corresponding relation between the thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal;
and determining the target position information of the thunder and lightning according to the target thunder and lightning information and the target thunder and lightning information so as to realize thunder and lightning positioning.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the target lightning information further comprises lightning direction, electromagnetic wave propagation speed and electromagnetic wave collection time, the target thunder information further comprises signal collection time of thunder signals and arrival time of the thunder signals at orthogonally disposed acoustic wave sensors of the thunder receiving device, and the determining the target location information of lightning according to the target thunder information and the target lightning information comprises:
determining a first time difference between the electromagnetic wave collection time and the signal collection time;
determining a second time difference between arrival times of a target thunder signal at two acoustic wave sensors arranged orthogonally in the thunder receiving device and a first distance between the two acoustic wave sensors;
determining an included angle between the lightning direction and the two sound wave sensors;
and determining the target distance between lightning and the detection station by utilizing the electromagnetic wave propagation speed, the first distance, the included angle, the first time difference and the second time difference, wherein the target position information comprises the lightning direction and the target distance.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the determining the target distance between the lightning and the detection station by using the electromagnetic wave propagation speed, the first distance, the included angle, the first time difference and the second time difference comprises:
wherein x is the target distance between the lightning and the detection station, v e For the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves, a is a first distance between two sound wave sensors which are orthogonally arranged, theta is an included angle between the lightning direction and a connecting line of the two sound wave sensors, delta t is a first time difference between the electromagnetic wave collection time and the signal collection time, and t is 0 Is the second time difference of the target thunder signal arriving at the two acoustic sensors.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sound data further includes a signal collection time of a sound signal, an arrival time of the sound signal at an orthogonally disposed sound sensor of the thunder receiving device, and the determining the target thunder information in the sound data using the sound signal and a pre-trained first model comprises:
decomposing the superposed sound signals from different directions by using a difference method to obtain split sound signals;
inputting the split sound signals into the first model, and determining target similarity of the sound signals, wherein the target similarity is used for reflecting the credibility of the sound signals as thunder signals;
performing scoring decision processing by using the target similarity to determine each target thunder signal in the sound signals;
and determining signal collection time and arrival time corresponding to the target thunder signal in the sound data to obtain the target thunder information, wherein the target thunder information at least comprises the target thunder signal, and the signal collection time and the arrival time corresponding to the target thunder signal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave data further comprises an electromagnetic wave collection time of an electromagnetic wave signal, and the determining the target lightning information in the electromagnetic wave data using the target lightning signal, the electromagnetic wave signal, and a pre-trained second model comprises:
inputting the target thunder signal and the electromagnetic wave signal into the second model, and determining a target matching degree of the electromagnetic wave signal and the target thunder signal, wherein the matching degree is used for reflecting the credibility that the electromagnetic wave signal and the target thunder signal are the same thunder signal;
performing scoring decision processing by using the target matching degree to determine a target electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the target thunder signal in the electromagnetic wave signals;
performing electromagnetic wave orthogonal decomposition processing on the target electromagnetic wave signal, and determining the propagation direction of the target electromagnetic wave signal, wherein the propagation direction is used for indicating the lightning direction;
and determining electromagnetic wave collection time and electromagnetic wave propagation speed corresponding to the target electromagnetic wave signal in the electromagnetic wave data to obtain the target lightning information, wherein the target lightning information comprises the corresponding relation between the target lightning signal and the target electromagnetic wave signal, and the electromagnetic wave collection time, the electromagnetic wave propagation speed and the propagation direction corresponding to the target electromagnetic wave signal.
6. The thunder and lightning positioning system is characterized by comprising a thunder and lightning receiving device, an electromagnetic wave receiving device, a thunder and lightning positioning device and an information storage device;
the thunder receiving device, the electromagnetic wave receiving device and the information storage device are respectively in communication connection with the thunder positioning device;
the thunder receiving device is used for collecting sound data and transmitting the collected sound data to the thunder positioning device;
the electromagnetic wave receiving device is used for collecting electromagnetic wave data and transmitting the collected electromagnetic wave data to the lightning positioning device;
the lightning location device is used for carrying out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to locate lightning and transmitting the lightning target position information to the information storage device for storage.
7. The positioning system according to claim 6, wherein the thunder receiving device comprises an orthogonally arranged acoustic wave sensor, a first filter, a first signal amplifier, and a first power supply device, and the acoustic wave sensor, the first filter, the first signal amplifier, and the first power supply device are electrically connected in sequence.
8. The positioning system according to claim 6, wherein the electromagnetic wave receiving means comprises an antenna, a second filter, a second signal amplifier, and a second power supply means which are arranged orthogonally, and the antenna, the second filter, the second signal amplifier, and the second power supply means are electrically connected in sequence.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
10. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that the memory stores a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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