CN115184584A - Two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method capable of adjusting size and angle simultaneously - Google Patents

Two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method capable of adjusting size and angle simultaneously Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115184584A
CN115184584A CN202210784187.3A CN202210784187A CN115184584A CN 115184584 A CN115184584 A CN 115184584A CN 202210784187 A CN202210784187 A CN 202210784187A CN 115184584 A CN115184584 A CN 115184584A
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sleeve
test
size
bin
oil cylinder
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左卿伶
潘海洋
谢志清
谭克龙
张吉路
霍超
李世念
赵明
张志军
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General Survey and Research Institute of China Coal Geology Bureau
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/22—Fuels; Explosives
    • G01N33/222—Solid fuels, e.g. coal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/40—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for geology

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Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional physical simulation test device and a two-dimensional physical simulation test method capable of adjusting size and angle simultaneously, and relates to the technical field of coal seam simulated mining. The device comprises a test frame, a test bin, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a size adjusting device; the test bin is used for paving similar materials, a hinged support is arranged at the bottom of one side of the test bin and hinged with the base, the bottom of the test bin, which is opposite to the hinged support, is hinged with the hydraulic oil cylinder, and a size adjusting device is connected above the hydraulic oil cylinder; the bottom plate in test storehouse is telescopic structure, and when size adjusting device moved on the slide rail, the size in test storehouse was adjusted through telescopic removal, is provided with the slide rail on the opposite face in back timber and test storehouse, and size adjusting device can slide left and right along the slide rail. The device can change the size and the angle of the model at the same time, so that the experiment is more consistent with the actual engineering, and the equipment is simple and easy to operate.

Description

Two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method capable of adjusting size and angle simultaneously
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam simulated mining, in particular to a two-dimensional physical simulation test device and a two-dimensional physical simulation test method with the size and the angle capable of being adjusted simultaneously.
Background
The development of similar material simulation experiments is an important means for researching overburden movement and earth surface evolution rules, however, at present, relevant equipment cannot adjust the size of a model according to experimental requirements, and an equipment angle inclination change device is complex in structure, most equipment needs to be provided with a plurality of supporting shafts, supporting mechanisms and hydraulic oil cylinders to adjust the size and the angle of the model in order to meet the requirements, the operation process of the equipment is complex, and the difficulty of experiments is increased.
Application number 201910798308.8 discloses a simulation modeling test loading device with adjustable model size, the device adopts the mode of adjusting the right support frame to carry out the regulation of model size to increased the horizontal direction load in model both sides, however this experimental storehouse of this experimental storehouse size regulation is fixed on the base, can't carry out the adjustment of model angle, and the device needs great base space to hold the decline of left baffle.
Application number 201510011652.X discloses a similar simulation test device and method of slope rock stratum physics, this experimental apparatus comprises external frame, tiltable frame, preceding baffle, hydraulic support device and suspends hoisting apparatus in midair, and equipment occupation space is great, and the component structure is complicated, and the experimental procedure is loaded down with trivial details, and adopts lifting rope, lifting hook to realize the slope of tiltable frame in the model, has safe risk.
Application number 202011605002.5 discloses indoor model test device is consolidated in stratiform country rock slip casting, including rotatable test bench, climbing mechanism, ground stress loading system, slip casting system and monitoring system, climbing mechanism locates subaerially, rotatable test bench is including the proof box that can hold stratiform country rock, proof box bottom one end articulates in subaerially, and the other end supports on climbing mechanism. The test stand disclosed therein is rotatable. However, when the test stand is rotated, the size of the model cannot be adjusted all the time.
In summary, the following technical problems still exist in the prior art:
the similar material simulation test device of simulation inclined coal seam can not change model size and angle simultaneously, is difficult to the development characteristic of overlying strata motion directly perceived, and most equipment has the structure complicacy, and size, angle mode are loaded down with trivial details, and the operation difficulty etc. lead to developing experimental inefficiency, can't be according to the accurate simulation of actual geological conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a two-dimensional physical simulation test apparatus with simultaneously adjustable dimension and angle, which can simultaneously change the dimension and angle of the model, so that the experiment is more in line with the actual engineering, and the apparatus is simple and easy to operate, and provides technical support for the development of the angle adjustment and dimension adjustment related experiments in the simulation of similar materials.
In order to achieve the above objects, the main technical problems to be overcome by the present invention are:
how to ensure that the size of the test chamber is adjusted while the angle of the test chamber is adjusted, and the structure of the adjusting equipment needs to be simplified and the operation is convenient.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a two-dimensional physical simulation test method with simultaneously adjustable size and angle sequentially comprises the following steps:
a. preparation test device
The testing device comprises a testing frame, the testing frame comprises a base, a left upright post, a right upright post and a top beam, and a testing bin, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a size adjusting device are arranged in the testing frame;
the test bin is used for paving similar materials, a hinged support is arranged at the bottom of one side of the test bin and hinged with a base, the bottom of the test bin on the opposite side of the hinged support is hinged with the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the size adjusting device is connected above the hydraulic oil cylinder;
a sliding rail is arranged on the opposite surface of the top beam and the test chamber, and the size adjusting device can slide left and right along the sliding rail;
the bottom plate of the test chamber is of a sleeve type structure and comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved outside the first sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved outside the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved outside the third sleeve; scales are arranged on the first sleeve, the second sleeve, the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve, and when the size adjusting device moves on the sliding rail, the size of the test chamber is adjusted through the movement of the sleeves;
b. calculating the size and the angle of the model in the test according to the geological conditions, calculating the proportion of similar materials, and preparing the similar materials;
c. ensuring that the bottom plate of the test chamber can move, ensuring that the angle of the test chamber is 0 degree, moving through a size adjusting device to drive a sleeve of the bottom plate of the test chamber to move, adjusting the size of the test chamber to a preset size, and further fixing the bottom plate of the test chamber through a screw;
d. paving similar materials, paving the bottom plate of the test bin by using waste materials, and then paving the similar materials from bottom to top in sequence;
e. d, after the similar materials are paved in the step d, paving a flexible loading device at the top of the test bin;
f. and adjusting the hydraulic oil cylinder, regulating and controlling the angle of the test bin through the hydraulic oil cylinder, and enabling the angle to reach the angle required by the test, thereby realizing the simulation from the horizontal coal bed to the steep inclined coal bed.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, sliding rails are disposed on the outer wall of the first sleeve and the inner wall of the second sleeve, the outer wall of the second sleeve and the inner wall of the third sleeve, and the outer wall of the third sleeve and the inner wall of the fourth sleeve, and under the action of the sliding rails, the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved on the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the third sleeve.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lengths of the first sleeve, the second sleeve, the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve are 0.7m, 0.7m and 0.9m, respectively.
Further preferably, the horizontal distance between the hinge support and the adjacent test frame is 2m, and the horizontal distance between the hinge point of the hydraulic oil cylinder and the bottom of the test bin and the adjacent test frame is 0.2m.
Further preferably, the length, width and height of the test frame are respectively 6m, 0.3m and 4m, and the length, width and height of the test chamber are respectively 3m, 0.3m and 2m.
The invention also aims to provide a two-dimensional physical simulation test device with the size and the angle capable of being adjusted simultaneously, which comprises a test frame, wherein the test frame comprises a base, a left upright post, a right upright post and a top beam, and a test chamber, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a size adjusting device are arranged in the test frame;
the test bin is used for paving similar materials, a hinged support is arranged at the bottom of one side of the test bin and hinged with a base, the bottom of the test bin on the opposite side of the hinged support is hinged with the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the size adjusting device is connected above the hydraulic oil cylinder;
a sliding rail is arranged on the opposite surface of the top beam and the test chamber, and the size adjusting device can slide left and right along the sliding rail;
the bottom plate of the test chamber is of a sleeve type structure and comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved outside the first sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved outside the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved outside the third sleeve; all be provided with the scale on first sleeve, second sleeve, third sleeve and fourth sleeve, when size adjusting device moved on the slide rail, adjusted the size in test chamber through telescopic removal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) The invention provides a two-dimensional physical simulation test device and a two-dimensional physical simulation test method capable of adjusting the size and the angle simultaneously.
(2) According to the invention, the bottom plate of the test chamber is of a sleeve type structure, namely, adjacent sleeves are sequentially sleeved together, and a certain pushing force or pulling force is applied to the sleeves, so that the quick sleeving/opening state of the sleeves can be realized, the operation steps are simple, and the quick operation is convenient.
(3) The size adjusting device is arranged on the sliding rail of the top beam and can move conveniently, the movement of the size adjusting device drives the sleeve to move, so that the size of the test chamber can be adjusted, and the size of the test chamber can be adjusted conveniently and accurately by arranging scales on the sleeve.
(4) The angle of the test bin is regulated and controlled through the hydraulic oil cylinder, the angle of the test bin can be adjusted by 0-90 degrees in a mode that the hydraulic oil cylinder is hinged with the bottom of the test bin, and the simulation of a horizontal coal seam to a steep inclined coal seam can be realized.
(5) The sliding rails are arranged on the outer wall of the first sleeve, the inner wall of the second sleeve, the outer wall of the second sleeve, the inner wall of the third sleeve, the outer wall of the third sleeve and the inner wall of the fourth sleeve, and when the size adjusting device applies thrust to the sliding rails, the sliding rails are convenient to move adjacent sleeves.
In conclusion, the two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method with the adjustable size and angle, provided by the invention, can simultaneously realize the adjustment of the size and angle of the test bin, can realize the simulation of a horizontal to steep coal seam, are simple to operate and are worthy of popularization.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a slide rail structure between adjacent sleeves;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the inclined state of the test apparatus according to the present invention;
in the figure:
1. the device comprises a base, 2, a left upright post, 3, a hydraulic oil cylinder, 4, a size adjusting device, 5, a top beam, 6, a right upright post, 7, a hinged support, 8, a hinged interface, 9, a first fixed interface, 10, a second fixed interface, 11, a third fixed interface, 12, a test bin upright post, 13, a flexible loading device, 14 and a sliding rail.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a two-dimensional physical simulation test device and a two-dimensional physical simulation test method with simultaneously adjustable size and angle, and the invention is described in detail below by combining specific embodiments in order to make the advantages and technical scheme of the invention clearer and clearer.
As shown in fig. 1, the two-dimensional physical simulation test device with the size and the angle adjustable simultaneously comprises a test frame, wherein the test frame comprises a base 1, a left upright post 2, a right upright post 6 and a top beam 5, the whole test frame is a cuboid frame, the cuboid frame is mainly used as an external frame of a two-dimensional analog simulation test bed, and the size of the test frame is optimized: length × width × height =6m × 0.3m × 4m.
Be provided with experimental storehouse, hydraulic cylinder 3 and size adjusting device 4 in experimental frame, wherein, be used for laying similar material in the experimental storehouse, its preferred cuboid frame shape, the size in more preferred experimental storehouse: the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height =3m multiplied by 0.3m multiplied by 2m, and the main function of the hydraulic oil cylinder 3 is to adjust the angle of the test chamber, therefore, the invention is hinged with the hydraulic oil cylinder at the bottom of the test chamber and is connected together through the hinged interface 8, as shown in fig. 3, when the hydraulic oil cylinder works, the angle of the test chamber can be adjusted by 0-90 degrees.
The bottom of the test chamber positioned at the opposite side of the hydraulic oil cylinder is provided with a hinged support 7, and the hinged support is hinged with the base, so that the hydraulic oil cylinder can conveniently adjust the angle of the test chamber.
In order to match the movement of the size adjustable device 4, a sliding rail is arranged on the opposite surface of the top beam and the test chamber, the size adjustable device can slide left and right along the sliding rail, and the specific size adjustable device is matched with the sliding rail to enable the size adjustable device to slide left and right in the horizontal direction in the test frame.
The structure of the test chamber comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a test chamber upright post 12, as a main innovation point of the invention, the bottom plate of the test chamber is of a sleeve type structure and comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved outside the first sleeve, a first fixing interface 9 is arranged between the first sleeve and the second sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved outside the second sleeve, a second fixing interface 10 is arranged between the third sleeve and the second sleeve, the fourth sleeve is sleeved outside the third sleeve, and a third fixing interface 11 is arranged between the fourth sleeve and the third sleeve; all be provided with the scale on first sleeve, second sleeve, third sleeve and fourth sleeve, when size adjusting device slides, because size adjusting device and hydraulic cylinder are connected, hydraulic cylinder is together articulated with the bottom in experimental storehouse, consequently, size adjusting device's slip can drive the telescopic removal of experimental storehouse bottom plate to the realization is to the regulation of experimental storehouse size.
In order to facilitate accurate adjustment of the size of the test chamber, the lengths of the first sleeve, the second sleeve and the third sleeve are preferably 0.7m, 0.7m and 0.9m respectively, scales are engraved on the corresponding sleeves, the size of the test chamber can be known quickly through the scales, and the test chamber is fixed by screws at a corresponding interface after size adjustment.
In order to facilitate the movement of the first sleeve, the second sleeve, the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve, the sliding rails 14 are arranged at the corresponding push-pull positions between the adjacent sleeves, as shown in fig. 2, the grooves at the two sides are fixed, specifically, the sliding rails are arranged on the outer wall of the first sleeve and the inner wall of the second sleeve, the outer wall of the second sleeve and the inner wall of the third sleeve, and the outer wall of the third sleeve and the inner wall of the fourth sleeve, under the action of the sliding rails, the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved on the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the third sleeve.
Preferably, the horizontal distance between the hinge support and the adjacent test frame is 2m, and the horizontal distance between the hinge point of the hydraulic oil cylinder and the bottom of the test bin and the adjacent test frame is 0.2m. The aim of this design is to reserve sufficient space so that the angular adjustment of the test chamber is not limited by space.
Because the bottom of the test chamber is of a sleeve structure, when similar materials are paved, the bottom of the test chamber is paved by adopting waste materials to prevent the test result from being influenced.
The specific structure and the use method of the hydraulic oil cylinder and the size adjusting device can be realized by using the prior art for reference, and detailed description is omitted.
The following describes in detail the simulation method of the above-described simulation test apparatus.
The first step is as follows: calculating the size and the angle of the model in the test according to the geological conditions, calculating the proportion of similar materials, and preparing the similar materials;
the second step: and according to the experiment size requirement, selectively unloading the screws at the first fixing interface, the second fixing interface or the third fixing interface to enable the bottom of the experiment bin to move freely. Adjusting a hydraulic oil cylinder to enable the angle of the test chamber to be 0 degree, and ensuring the sliding of the test chamber;
the third step: the size adjusting device 4 is controlled to move towards the right side, the sleeve on the left side of the test chamber is driven by the adjusting device to move towards the right side by means of the bottom sliding rail, the size of the test chamber is adjusted, and after the expected requirements are met, screws of the unloaded first fixed interface, the unloaded second fixed interface and the unloaded third fixed interface are fixed;
the fourth step: paving similar materials, wherein the bottom of the test bin is paved by using waste materials when the similar materials are paved, so that the experimental result is prevented from being influenced by equipment, and the upper paving process is consistent with that of a conventional similar material experiment;
the fifth step: after the similar materials are paved, a flexible loading device 13 is paved on the top of the test bin;
and a sixth step: the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder is adjusted to change the angle of the test chamber so as to meet the experimental requirement, the maximum angle of the model can reach 90 degrees, and the simulation from a horizontal coal bed to a steep coal bed can be realized.
The parts which are not described in the invention can be realized by taking the prior art as reference.
Although terms such as base 1, left upright 2, hydraulic ram 3, size adjustment 4, etc. are used more often herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.
It is intended that any equivalents, or obvious variations, which may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein, be considered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A two-dimensional physical simulation test method capable of adjusting size and angle simultaneously is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps:
a. preparation test device
The testing device comprises a testing frame, the testing frame comprises a base, a left upright post, a right upright post and a top beam, and a testing bin, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a size adjusting device are arranged in the testing frame;
the test bin is used for paving similar materials, a hinged support is arranged at the bottom of one side of the test bin and hinged with a base, the bottom of the test bin on the opposite side of the hinged support is hinged with the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the size adjusting device is connected above the hydraulic oil cylinder;
a sliding rail is arranged on the opposite surface of the top beam and the test chamber, and the size adjusting device can slide left and right along the sliding rail;
the bottom plate of the test chamber is of a sleeve type structure and comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved outside the first sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved outside the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved outside the third sleeve; scales are arranged on the first sleeve, the second sleeve, the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve, and when the size adjusting device moves on the sliding rail, the size of the test chamber is adjusted through the movement of the sleeves;
b. calculating the size and the angle of the model in the test according to the geological conditions, calculating the proportion of similar materials, and preparing the similar materials;
c. ensuring that the bottom plate of the test chamber can move, ensuring that the angle of the test chamber is 0 degree, moving through a size adjusting device, driving a sleeve of the bottom plate of the test chamber to move, adjusting the size of the test chamber to a preset size, and further fixing the bottom plate of the test chamber through a screw;
d. paving similar materials, paving the bottom plate of the test bin by using waste materials, and then paving the similar materials from bottom to top in sequence;
e. d, after the similar materials are paved in the step d, paving a flexible loading device at the top of the test bin;
f. and adjusting the hydraulic oil cylinder, regulating and controlling the angle of the test bin through the hydraulic oil cylinder, and enabling the angle to meet the test requirement, so as to realize the simulation from the horizontal state to the steep inclined coal seam.
2. The two-dimensional physical simulation test method capable of adjusting the size and the angle simultaneously according to claim 1, wherein: the sliding rail type telescopic pipe is characterized in that sliding rails are arranged on the outer wall of the first sleeve, the inner wall of the second sleeve, the outer wall of the third sleeve and the inner wall of the fourth sleeve, the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved on the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved on the third sleeve.
3. The two-dimensional physical simulation test method capable of adjusting the size and the angle simultaneously according to claim 1, wherein: the lengths of the first sleeve, the second sleeve, the third sleeve and the fourth sleeve are respectively 0.7m, 0.7m and 0.9m.
4. The two-dimensional physical simulation test method capable of adjusting the size and the angle simultaneously according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal distance between the hinge support and the adjacent test frame is 2m, and the horizontal distance between the hinge point of the hydraulic oil cylinder and the bottom of the test bin and the adjacent test frame is 0.2m.
5. The two-dimensional physical simulation test method capable of adjusting the size and the angle simultaneously according to claim 1, wherein: the length, the width and the height of the test frame are respectively 6m, 0.3m and 4m, and the length, the width and the height of the test bin are respectively 3m, 0.3m and 2m.
6. The utility model provides a size, two-dimentional physical simulation test device that angle can be adjusted simultaneously, includes experimental frame, and experimental frame includes base, left stand, right stand and back timber, its characterized in that:
a test bin, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a size adjusting device are arranged in the test frame;
the test bin is used for paving similar materials, a hinged support is arranged at the bottom of one side of the test bin and hinged with a base, the bottom of the test bin on the opposite side of the hinged support is hinged with the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the size adjusting device is connected above the hydraulic oil cylinder;
a sliding rail is arranged on the opposite surface of the top beam and the test chamber, and the size adjusting device can slide left and right along the sliding rail;
the bottom plate of the test chamber is of a sleeve type structure and comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve, wherein the second sleeve is sleeved outside the first sleeve, the third sleeve is sleeved outside the second sleeve, and the fourth sleeve is sleeved outside the third sleeve; all be provided with the scale on first sleeve, second sleeve, third sleeve and fourth sleeve, when size adjusting device moved on the slide rail, the size of adjusting test chamber through telescopic removal.
CN202210784187.3A 2022-06-28 2022-06-28 Two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method capable of adjusting size and angle simultaneously Pending CN115184584A (en)

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CN202210784187.3A CN115184584A (en) 2022-06-28 2022-06-28 Two-dimensional physical simulation test device and method capable of adjusting size and angle simultaneously

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