CN115183984A - Atmospheric turbulence simulator - Google Patents
Atmospheric turbulence simulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN115183984A CN115183984A CN202210953411.7A CN202210953411A CN115183984A CN 115183984 A CN115183984 A CN 115183984A CN 202210953411 A CN202210953411 A CN 202210953411A CN 115183984 A CN115183984 A CN 115183984A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/08—Aerodynamic models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
Abstract
The application discloses atmospheric turbulence simulator, including the light source, the target, first lens unit, beam splitting unit, spatial light modulator, first diaphragm unit, second lens unit and detector, the light beam that the light source produced passes through the target, become parallel light beam through first lens unit, parallel light beam rethread beam splitting unit transmission, after spatial light modulator reflection and beam splitting unit reflection again, the light beam gets into first diaphragm unit and is restricted the beam diameter, rethread second lens unit becomes the light beam that the image side is telecentric, focus on formation of image on the detector, the realization is to the detection of target under different atmospheric turbulence environment. The application provides an atmospheric turbulence simulator has the robustness, not only can realize the change of atmospheric condition can also realize propagation distance's change to make the system device more nimble and practical.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of atmospheric optics, in particular to an atmospheric turbulence simulator.
Background
The atmospheric turbulence is a non-uniform disordered medium, and with the continuous progress of science and technology, the technical field of atmospheric optics and optical communication is also greatly improved. When light is transmitted in the atmospheric turbulence, the refractive index change caused by the turbulence causes attenuation of light beam transmission quality, so that a series of changes such as drift, expansion, flicker and the like are caused, and the development of atmospheric optical communication is restricted, so that targeted research needs to be carried out on the transmission of laser in the atmospheric turbulence, and influence factors of the atmospheric turbulence on a photoelectric system are further analyzed.
For the above research work, one approach that has been considered at present is to perform a field experiment, but due to the special atmospheric optics, the field experiment is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the cost of the field experiment is very high, most importantly, the experimental conditions of the field experiment are difficult to be repeatedly confirmed, and the difficulty of acquiring experimental data is also very high, so the field experiment method is not widely adopted. Another approach is to use a gas or liquid to simulate atmospheric turbulence. The principle is that the air turbulence is simulated by utilizing the convection of gas or liquid, the principle is simple, but the defects of difficult heat dissipation, difficult strength control, poor repeatability and the like are overcome; another method is to simulate the atmospheric turbulence by using a phase mask based on micro-machining technology, which is based on the principle that the phase distortion of the turbulence is etched on a glass substrate, and then the atmospheric turbulence is simulated by rotating the phase mask, and has the disadvantages that the phase change is fixed, and the rotating wave surface has periodicity, which is different from the actual situation.
In recent years, with the development of liquid crystal technology, it has been proposed to simulate atmospheric turbulence by using electro-optical characteristics of liquid crystals, and the refractive index of liquid crystals is generally changed by changing the voltage. Because the liquid crystal spatial light modulator has the advantages of low cost, dynamic modulation, programmable drive and the like, the liquid crystal spatial light modulator is increasingly becoming one of the future technical development trends of the atmospheric turbulence simulator. The research work in the aspect is developed by a plurality of mechanisms at home and abroad, and certain results are obtained, so that the liquid crystal spatial light modulator is successfully utilized to simulate the atmospheric turbulence.
Liquid crystal spatial light modulators are classified into transmissive and reflective types. Although the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator has better precision and energy utilization rate than a transmissive liquid crystal spatial light modulator, and can improve the effectiveness of a turbulence simulation device, because the reflective characteristic can change a light path and has strict requirements on an incident angle, the real simulation of turbulence is realized, various physical indexes and parameters of a simulated object and a real object are in one-to-one correspondence, and more constraints and limitations are generated. This makes the use of reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulators difficult and challenging.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present application to provide a low cost, high precision, dynamically modulatable, programmable atmospheric turbulence simulator.
The technical problem that this application solved is: the atmospheric turbulence simulator based on the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator can simulate light beam transmission under different turbulence conditions and transmission distances, and not only can change atmospheric conditions, but also can change transmission distances, so that a system device is more flexible and practical.
In order to achieve the purpose of the present application, the present application proposes a technical solution for solving the technical problem of an atmospheric turbulence detection simulator of a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator: the device comprises a light source, an object, a first lens unit, a light splitting unit, spatial light modulation, a first diaphragm unit, a second lens unit and a detector, wherein:
a light source for generating a first probe beam for scanning the target;
the first lens unit receives the first detection light beam after the target is scanned and generates parallel light beams in each field of view of the target;
a light splitting unit disposed in an optical path of the parallel light beam;
the spatial light modulator is used for receiving the parallel light beams passing through the light splitting unit and reflecting the parallel light beams on a working surface of the spatial light modulator to form echo light signals;
a first diaphragm unit disposed in an optical path of the echo optical signal;
a second lens unit for receiving and focusing the echo optical signal passing through the first diaphragm;
and the detector receives the echo optical signal focused by the second lens unit.
Light beams generated by the light source pass through the target and are changed into parallel light beams through the first lens unit, the parallel light beams are transmitted through the light splitting unit, and after the light beams are reflected by the spatial light modulator and the light splitting unit, the light beams enter the first diaphragm unit to be limited in light beam diameter, and then the light beams are changed into telecentric light beams on the image side through the second lens unit, and are focused on the detector to be imaged, so that the detection of the target under different atmospheric turbulence environments is realized.
Further, the beam splitting unit is disposed in an optical path between the first lens unit and the spatial light modulator, and the beam splitting unit is further disposed in an optical path between the spatial light modulator and the first diaphragm unit, the parallel light beam is transmitted through the beam splitting unit, and the echo light signal is reflected through the beam splitting unit.
Further, the light splitting unit is a light splitting reflector or a light splitting prism.
Further, an optical path distance from the spatial light modulator to the first diaphragm unit is l, and is expressed by the following formula:
l＝L/(Zf) 2
wherein L represents an optical path distance of the spatial light modulator to the first diaphragm unit, L represents an actual turbulence path length of the target to the telescope, zf represents a zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents a focal length of the second lens unit.
Further, the clear aperture of the first diaphragm unit is d, and the clear aperture d of the first diaphragm unit is represented by the following formula:
d＝D/Zf
wherein D denotes a clear aperture of the first diaphragm unit, D denotes a caliber of the telescope, zf denotes a zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f denotes a focal length of the second lens unit.
Further, the focal length of the second lens unit is f, and the focal length f of the second lens unit is expressed by the following formula:
f＝d*F
wherein F represents the focal length of the second lens unit, d represents the clear aperture of the first diaphragm unit, and F represents the F number of the telescope.
Further, the second lens unit has a field angle of FOV 0 Angle of view FOV of the second lens unit 0 Is represented as follows:
FOV 0 ＝FOV*Zf
wherein the FOV 0 Represents the angle of view of the second lens unit, FOV represents the angle of view of the telescope, zf represents the zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents the focal length of the second lens unit.
Further, the aperture of the spatial light modulator is s, and the side length s of the spatial light modulator is expressed as follows:
s>2*tan(FOV/2)*L/Zf+D/Zf
wherein s represents the side length of the spatial light modulator, FOV represents the field angle of the telescope, L represents the actual turbulence path length from the target to the telescope, zf represents the zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, f represents the focal length of the second lens unit, and D represents the aperture of the telescope.
Further, the spatial light modulator is a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator.
Furthermore, the detector is a CCD or a CMOS or an observation screen.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that (1) the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator can realize the simulation of dynamic aberration; (2) the simulation imaging of targets with different sizes can be realized; (3) can image in the range from visible light to infrared band; (4) The change of the length of the light beam propagation channel can be realized by changing the distance from the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator to the diaphragm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an atmospheric turbulence model of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a turbulence simulator apparatus provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a light beam provided by the present application after being transmitted through the first lens unit, transmitted through the light splitting element, reflected by the spatial light modulator, and reflected by the light splitting element;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of an angle of view of a second lens unit provided by the present application;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of the construction of an atmospheric turbulence simulator provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings, but the embodiments do not limit the present application, and structural, methodological, or functional changes made by those skilled in the art according to the embodiments are included in the scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, an atmospheric turbulence model in a real environment to be simulated by an atmospheric turbulence simulator provided according to the present application is shown. The length of an atmospheric turbulence path established in the atmospheric turbulence model is L, a telescope is placed behind the turbulence path, and the caliber of the telescope is D.
Referring to fig. 2, the present application provides an atmospheric turbulence simulator including a light source 11, a target 12, a first lens unit 13, a light splitting unit 14, a spatial light modulator 15, a first diaphragm unit 16, a second lens unit 17, and a detector 18.
Wherein the light source 11 is adapted to generate a first probe beam for scanning the target 12. The first lens unit 13 receives the first probe beam after scanning the target 12 and generates parallel beams in respective fields of view of the target 12. The light splitting unit 14 is disposed in the optical path of the parallel light beam. The spatial light modulator 15 is configured to receive the parallel light beam passing through the light splitting unit 14, and reflect on a working surface of the spatial light modulator 15 to form an echo light signal. The first diaphragm unit 16 is disposed in the optical path of the echo optical signal. The second lens unit 17 is used to receive and focus the echo optical signal passing through the first diaphragm. The detector 18 receives the echo optical signal focused by the second lens unit 17.
Referring to fig. 2, a light beam generated by the light source 11 passes through the target 12, is changed into a parallel light beam by the first lens unit 13, is transmitted by the light splitting unit 14, is reflected by the spatial light modulator 15 and reflected by the light splitting unit 14, enters the first diaphragm unit 16 to limit the diameter of the light beam, is changed into a telecentric light beam on an imaging side by the second lens unit 17, is focused on the detector 18 to form an image, and the target 12 is detected under different atmosphere turbulence environments.
In conjunction with fig. 2, the atmospheric turbulence simulator provided by the present application is scaled by scaling factors for the atmospheric turbulence path length L, the aperture D of the telescope, the beam and other parameters in the atmospheric turbulence model.
As an alternative implementation, the light beam emitted by the light source 11 may be white light or light in the visible to infrared band.
Preferably, the generated light source 11 may have a wavelength of 532nm.
As an alternative implementation, the light splitting unit 14 is disposed in the optical path between the first lens unit 13 and the spatial light modulator 15, and the light splitting unit 14 is also disposed in the optical path between the spatial light modulator 15 and the first diaphragm unit 16.
Referring to fig. 3, the light beam generated from the light source 11 passes through the object 12 and is changed into parallel light beams by the first lens unit 13, and the parallel light beams are transmitted through the beam splitting unit 14, and the respective parallel light beam paths are externally converged due to the difference of the observation fields.
As an alternative implementation, the light splitting unit 14 may be a light splitting mirror or a light splitting prism. The beam splitting unit 14 separates the light beam passing through the first lens unit from the light beam reflected by the spatial light modulator 15 by using the transmission principle and the reflection principle, so that a better imaging effect can be achieved after the final light beam enters the detector.
As an alternative implementation manner, the spatial light modulator 15 is configured to receive the parallel light beams transmitted through the light splitting unit 14, and reflect on a working surface of the spatial light modulator 15 to form an echo light signal, where the echo light signal is reflected through the light splitting unit 14.
Preferably, the range of the incident angle i of the spatial light modulator 15 may be 0. Ltoreq. I.ltoreq.5.
As an alternative implementation, the spatial light modulator 15 may be a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator. The reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator has better precision and energy utilization rate, and can change the effective refractive index of liquid crystal by controlling the voltage at two ends of the liquid crystal spatial light modulator by utilizing the electro-optical characteristic of the liquid crystal in the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator so as to carry out real simulation of atmospheric turbulence.
As an alternative implementation manner, the optical path distance l from the spatial light modulator 15 to the first diaphragm unit 16 is expressed by the following formula:
l＝L/(Zf) 2
in the formula, l represents the optical path distance from the spatial light modulator 15 to the first diaphragm unit 16, the optical path from the spatial light modulator 15 to the first diaphragm unit 16 may be that a light beam is reflected by the spatial light modulator 15 and then reflected to the first diaphragm unit 16 by the light splitting unit 14, l represents the atmospheric turbulence path length in the atmospheric turbulence model, zf represents the zoom multiple of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents the focal length of the second lens unit 17.
As an alternative implementation, after the atmospheric turbulence simulator scales the atmospheric turbulence path length L in the atmospheric turbulence model by a scaling factor, the atmospheric turbulence path length L may be equivalent to the optical path distance L from the spatial light modulator 15 to the first diaphragm unit 16 in the atmospheric turbulence simulator.
As an alternative implementation manner, the clear aperture of the first diaphragm unit 16 is d, and the clear aperture d of the first diaphragm unit 16 is expressed by the following formula:
d＝D/Zf
where D denotes a clear aperture of the first diaphragm unit 16, D denotes a caliber of the telescope, zf denotes a zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f denotes a focal length of the second lens unit 17. In the environment of actual experiment, the telescope parameter is determined, and the caliber D of the telescope can be set according to actual requirements in the experiment. For example, the aperture D of the telescope can be chosen to be 0.8m. These data only relate to the selection of the telescope in the experiment, and the data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence model are scaled according to the scaling factor and then correspond to the relevant data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator.
As an alternative implementation manner, after the atmospheric turbulence simulator scales the aperture D of the telescope in the atmospheric turbulence model according to the scaling factor, the aperture D of the telescope may be equivalent to the clear aperture D of the first diaphragm unit 16 in the atmospheric turbulence simulator.
As an alternative implementation, the first diaphragm unit 16 may limit the light beam or limit the size of the imaging range.
As an alternative implementation, the second lens unit 17 is used for receiving the light beam transmitted through the first diaphragm unit 16.
As an alternative implementation manner, the focal length parameter of the second lens unit 17 may be used to simulate the focal length parameter of a telescope in an atmospheric turbulence model, the focal length of the second lens unit 17 is f, and the focal length f of the second lens unit 17 is expressed by the following formula:
f＝d*F
where F denotes a focal length of the second lens unit 17, d denotes a clear aperture of the first diaphragm unit 16, and F denotes an F-number of the telescope. F-number, i.e., F-number, the ratio of the image focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil of the system, i.e., the reciprocal of the relative aperture. In the actual experimental environment, the telescope parameters are determined, and the F number can be set according to actual requirements in the experiment. For example, the F-number of the telescope can be chosen to be 10. These data only relate to the selection of the telescope in the experiment, and the data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence model are scaled according to the scaling factor and then correspond to the relevant data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator.
As an alternative implementation, the second lens unit 17 has a field angle FOV 0 Angle of view FOV of second lens unit 17 0 Expressed by the following formula:
FOV 0 ＝FOV*Zf
in the formula, FOV 0 Showing the angle of view of the second lens unit 17, FOV showing the angle of view of the telescope, zf-chartThe zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator is shown, and f denotes the focal length of the second lens unit 17. The field angle FOV is an angle formed by two edges of an optical instrument, where the lens of the optical instrument is a vertex and an object image of a target to be measured can pass through the maximum range of the lens. As shown in fig. 4, the angle of view of the second lens unit 17 is FOV 0 . In the actual experimental environment, the telescope parameters are determined, and the angle of view FOV of the telescope can be set according to actual requirements in the experiment, for example, the angle of view FOV of the telescope can be selected to be 4.148 angular degrees. These data only relate to the selection of the telescope in the experiment, and the data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence model are scaled by the scaling factor and then correspond to the relevant data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator.
As an alternative implementation, the side length of the spatial light modulator 15 is s, and the formula of the side length s of the spatial light modulator 15 is as follows:
s>2*tan(FOV/2)*L/Zf+D/Zf
where s denotes a side length of the spatial light modulator 15, FOV denotes an angle of view of the telescope, L denotes an actual turbulence path length from the target into the telescope, zf denotes a zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, f denotes a focal length of the second lens unit 17, and D denotes a caliber of the telescope. In the actual experimental environment, the telescope parameters are determined, the F number and the field angle FOV of the telescope can be set in the experiment according to actual requirements, for example, the F number and the field angle FOV of the telescope can be selected to be 10 and 4.148 angular divisions. The data only relates to the selection of a telescope in an experiment, and data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence model correspond to relevant data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator after scaling times.
As an alternative implementation, the detector 18 is adapted to receive the light beam focused by the second lens unit 17.
As an alternative implementation, the detector 18 may be a CCD or CMOS or viewing screen.
As an alternative implementation, the detector 18 may be used to observe the final imaging effect.
As an alternative implementation, determining the side length s and the scaling factor Zf of the spatial light modulator 15 can simulate the atmospheric turbulence conditions at different distances, which satisfy the following formula:
L<(s-D/Zf)*Zf/2*tan(FOV/2)
in the formula: l represents the actual turbulence path length from the target into the telescope, D represents the aperture of the telescope, FOV represents the field angle of the telescope, s represents the side length of the spatial modulator, and Zf represents the zoom factor. In the actual experimental environment, the telescope parameters are determined, and the caliber D of the telescope and the field angle FOV of the telescope can be set according to actual requirements in the experiment. For example, the aperture D and field angle FOV of the telescope may be selected to be 0.8m and 4.148 angular divisions. These data only relate to the selection of the telescope in the experiment, and the data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence model are scaled by the scaling factor and then correspond to the relevant data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator.
As an optional implementation manner, in the atmospheric turbulence simulator disclosed in the present application, a spatial light modulator in the atmospheric turbulence simulator may be selected as a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator, and the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator may modulate a certain parameter of a light field through liquid crystal molecules under active control, for example, by modulating an amplitude of the light field, modulating a phase through a refractive index, and modulating a polarization state through rotation of a polarization plane, conversion between incoherent light and coherent light may be implemented, so that certain information is written into an optical wave, thereby achieving an objective of optical wave modulation. The reflection type liquid crystal spatial light modulator utilizes the electro-optical characteristic of liquid crystal, and the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal can be changed by controlling the voltage of two ends of the reflection type liquid crystal spatial light modulator, so that the real simulation of atmospheric turbulence is carried out. The light path can be changed based on the reflection characteristic of the reflection type liquid crystal spatial light modulator, various physical indexes and data parameters of a simulation object and a real object are in one-to-one correspondence, a complete simulation environment is established, and the change of the propagation distance of the light beam under different atmospheric turbulence conditions can be realized, so that the system device is more flexible and practical.
The atmospheric turbulence simulator proposed by the present application is applicable to both rapid and controllable changes in turbulence conditions and beam propagation distance, when scaling factor Zf is increased, atmospheric turbulenceAngle of view FOV for a simulator 0 And correspondingly increases. The smaller the field of view, the simpler the construction of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, the field of view may be chosen to be no more than 180 °.
This is described in more detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
With reference to fig. 5, in order to construct the atmospheric turbulence simulator, a telescope in an experiment needs to be selected, the caliber D of the telescope is determined, and then a proper diameter D of the first diaphragm unit is selected, and the zoom factor Zf is determined. And determining the F number of the telescope, and determining the focal length F of the second lens unit according to the diameter d of the first diaphragm unit. Determining the angle of view FOV of the telescope, and determining the angle of view FOV of the second lens unit according to the zoom factor Zf 0 . Observing the length L of the atmospheric turbulence, adjusting the light path distance L from the spatial light modulator to the first diaphragm unit according to the zoom factor, selecting the side length s of the appropriate spatial light modulator according to the caliber D of the telescope, the field angle FOV and the zoom factor Zf, and finally starting to build the atmospheric turbulence simulator after selecting the experiment parameters for observing the atmospheric turbulence model. As shown in fig. 2, the atmospheric turbulence simulator created in the present embodiment includes a first lens unit 13, a light splitting unit 14, a spatial light modulator 15, a first diaphragm unit 16, a second lens unit 17, and a detector 18. Wherein the first lens unit 13 is used to generate parallel light for each field of view of the target, and the parameters of the second lens unit 17 correspond to the atmospheric turbulence model. The experimentally created atmospheric turbulence simulator loaded phase screen is displayed in a rectangular area (size 1920 x 1080 pixels) in the center of the spatial light modulator display screen. The parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator that we can select in the experiments are: the clear aperture d of the first diaphragm unit 16 =1.5mm, the side length s of the spatial light modulator 15 =18mm, the optical path distance l of the spatial light modulator 15 to the first diaphragm unit 16 =70mm, and the field angle FOV of the second lens unit 17 0 =9.22 °, F number F =10.
The atmospheric turbulence simulator provided by the application can be used for simulating the propagation of light beams in turbulence under different distances and atmospheric parameters according to the transmission characteristics of the light beams in the atmospheric turbulence environment.
While the foregoing disclosure shows what is considered to be the preferred embodiment of the present application, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which can be determined by one of ordinary skill in the art from the following claims: rather, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications which may be equivalent arrangements without departing from the spirit and scope of the application and the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An atmospheric turbulence simulator for simulating an atmospheric turbulence model when a telescope is viewing a target, the atmospheric turbulence simulator comprising:
a light source for generating a first probe beam for scanning the target;
a first lens unit receiving a first probe beam after scanning the target and generating parallel beams in respective fields of view of the target;
a light splitting unit disposed in an optical path of the parallel light beam;
the spatial light modulator is used for receiving the parallel light beams passing through the light splitting unit and reflecting on a working surface of the spatial light modulator to form echo light signals;
a first diaphragm unit disposed in an optical path of the echo optical signal;
the second lens unit is used for receiving and focusing the echo optical signal passing through the first diaphragm;
and the detector receives the echo optical signal focused by the second lens unit.
2. An atmospheric turbulence simulator as defined in claim 1, wherein the beam splitting unit is disposed in an optical path between the first lens unit and the spatial light modulator, and the beam splitting unit is further disposed in an optical path between the spatial light modulator and the first aperture unit, the parallel light beam being transmitted through the beam splitting unit, the echo light signal being reflected through the beam splitting unit.
3. An atmospheric turbulence simulator as defined in claim 2, wherein the beam splitting unit is a beam splitting mirror or a beam splitting prism.
4. An atmospheric turbulence simulator as defined in claim 1, wherein the optical path distance from the spatial light modulator to the first diaphragm unit is/, expressed by the following equation:
l＝L/(Zf) 2
wherein L represents an optical path distance of the spatial light modulator to the first diaphragm unit, L represents an actual turbulence path length of the target to the telescope, zf represents a zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents a focal length of the second lens unit.
5. The atmospheric turbulence simulator of claim 1, wherein the clear aperture of the first diaphragm unit is d, and the clear aperture of the first diaphragm unit is represented by the following formula:
d＝D/Zf
wherein D denotes a clear aperture of the first diaphragm unit, D denotes a caliber of the telescope, zf denotes a zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f denotes a focal length of the second lens unit.
6. The atmospheric turbulence simulator of claim 1, wherein the focal length of the second lens unit is f, and the focal length f of the second lens unit is expressed by the following formula:
f＝d*F
wherein F represents the focal length of the second lens unit, d represents the clear aperture of the first diaphragm unit, and F represents the F number of the telescope.
7. The atmospheric turbulence simulator of claim 1, wherein the second lens unit has a field of view angle FOV 0 Angle of view FOV of the second lens unit 0 Is represented as follows:
FOV 0 ＝FOV*Zf
wherein, the FOV 0 Denotes an angle of view of the second lens unit, FOV denotes an angle of view of the telescope, zf denotes a zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f denotes a focal length of the second lens unit.
8. An atmospheric turbulence simulator as defined in claim 1, wherein the aperture of the spatial light modulator is s, and the side length s of the spatial light modulator is expressed as follows:
s>2*tan(FOV/2)*L/Zf+D/Zf
wherein s represents a side length of the spatial light modulator, FOV represents an angle of view of the telescope, L represents an actual turbulence path length of the target to the telescope, zf represents a zoom factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, f represents a focal length of the second lens unit, and D represents a caliber of the telescope.
9. An atmospheric turbulence simulator as defined in claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator is a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator.
10. An atmospheric turbulence simulator as defined in claim 1, wherein the detector is a CCD or CMOS or viewing screen.
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