CN115182692A - Electrically driven gas drilling system and method - Google Patents
Electrically driven gas drilling system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115182692A CN115182692A CN202210954268.3A CN202210954268A CN115182692A CN 115182692 A CN115182692 A CN 115182692A CN 202210954268 A CN202210954268 A CN 202210954268A CN 115182692 A CN115182692 A CN 115182692A
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/007—Installations or systems with two or more pumps or pump cylinders, wherein the flow-path through the stages can be changed, e.g. from series to parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
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- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/001—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/02—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/02—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids specially adapted for several pumps connected in series or in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/06—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids specially adapted for stopping, starting, idling or no-load operation
- F04C28/065—Capacity control using a multiplicity of units or pumping capacities, e.g. multiple chambers, individually switchable or controllable
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides an electrically-driven gas drilling system and method, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration drilling. The system comprises a power supply unit, a VFD control unit, a compression unit, a pressurization unit and a pressure relief unit. Wherein VFD the one side of the control unit is passed through the cable and is connected with power supply unit, the opposite side passes through cable and compression unit, pressure boost unit and pressure release unit are connected, and VFD the control unit includes the transformer, booster starter and electropneumatic controller, the transformer is used for providing compression unit, booster unit and pressure release unit are at the required frequency conversion voltage of operating condition, the booster starter is used for driving the booster load according to the electricity of difference, select the start-up curve, thereby implement soft start to driving the booster, electropneumatic controller is used for controlling frequency conversion voltage and booster starter's of transformer output and opens and stop. The invention can meet the requirements of on-site working conditions and improve the automation level of gas drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration gas drilling, in particular to an electrically-driven gas drilling system and an electrically-driven gas drilling method.
Background
The main equipment of gas drilling comprises an air compressor, a supercharger and the like, the main equipment matched with the domestic gas drilling service company is diesel oil driving equipment at present, 10-20 main equipment matched with the gas drilling are unequal according to the size and the depth of a drilled stratum well hole, the number of the equipment is large, the automation degree is poor, the daily consumption of diesel oil exceeds 20 tons, the great economic investment of oil and gas drilling is caused, and a great deal of disadvantages are brought to production and management and on-site HSE (high speed, high efficiency) management.
Firstly, gas drilling main body equipment all uses diesel engine as power, and the exhaust emission such as carbon dioxide is big, and is increasingly outstanding with the contradiction of environmental protection, and through on-the-spot noise test, the regional noise minimum of gas drilling equipment all exceeds 85 decibels, still can cause noise pollution to the well site surrounding environment. The diesel oil driving equipment is easy to run, emit, drip and leak during long-time operation, and is very easy to cause soil environmental pollution.
Secondly, the maintenance cost of the diesel drive equipment is high and the workload is large. Each device is driven by a diesel engine, so that the maximum workload of an operator during operation is to regularly maintain and overhaul the diesel engine, and the cost for one-time overall maintenance of a single device is more than 1 ten thousand yuan; in addition, the diesel driving equipment needs to be filled with fuel regularly in the continuous operation process, 1-2 persons need to be arranged for full time to fill fuel in each shift, and therefore the labor amount and the labor intensity are increased.
And thirdly, the working environment is severe. The number of equipment of each well is large, each equipment is an independent unit body, and 8-12 operators are required to be configured to take charge of the itinerant inspection and the operation state control; the temperature of the equipment area is 10-15 ℃ higher than the ambient temperature, particularly the temperature of the equipment area in summer is up to 70 ℃, and the tail gas emission speed of the equipment in the heat preservation shed built in winter is low, thus influencing the health of staff.
Fourthly, the device fault is difficult to find and eliminate in time. Every equipment all has acousto-optic alarm device, in case the sudden failure needs scram equipment, only relies on personnel's inspection tour in time to discover the problem and the degree of difficulty that stops equipment is great, very easily causes equipment impaired when the condition is serious.
Fifthly, the risk of pressure injury exists in the operating environment of the personnel. The pressure in the pipeline in the equipment area is generally 3-10 MPa, the pressure is about 20MPa when the treatment is complicated, and the pressure relief device is manually operated when a single pipe is connected every time or the treatment is complicated, so that the risk of hurting people due to high-pressure gas leakage exists.
In conclusion, the current equipment state and process cannot meet the development requirements of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection and equipment automation and informatization. Therefore, the integrated automation matching of one set of electric-driven gas drilling equipment is required to be realized so as to meet the future development requirements of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection, further improve the automation and informatization levels of the gas drilling equipment and fill the domestic blank.
There is currently a lack of theoretical research for electrically driven gas drilling. For example, patent document CN203531994U, entitled dual protection device for low oil pressure stop of diesel engine, which is disclosed in the invention on 09.04.2014, describes a dual protection device for low oil pressure stop of diesel engine, which uses diesel engine to drive gas drilling and realizes dual protection of oil supply stop and tire release clutch for diesel engine at the same time. The invention discloses an energy-saving control system of a diesel engine for well drilling, which is disclosed 24.05.7.2017, and patent document with publication number CN206190412U, which does not solve the common phenomena of running, overflowing, dripping and leaking in the operation process of diesel driving equipment and easily causes soil environmental pollution. In both methods, the replacement of a driving device is not considered, and an old diesel engine is still adopted as a core driving device for gas drilling, so that the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection are not met.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to address at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. For example, the present invention provides an electrically driven gas drilling system that overcomes the disadvantages associated with the use of diesel engines in existing gas drilling systems.
In order to accomplish the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides an electrically driven gas drilling system including a power supply unit, a VFD control unit, a compression unit, a pressurization unit, and a pressure relief unit. Wherein the power supply unit is configured to convert the grid power to a 600V voltage suitable for use in an oil drilling site; the compression unit comprises a plurality of groups of electrically driven air compressors configured to provide air sources required by gas drilling; the pressurization unit comprises a plurality of groups of electrically-driven superchargers which are configured to provide circulating pressure consumption required by gas drilling, the inlet of the pressurization unit is connected with the compression unit through a first pipeline, the outlet of the pressurization unit is connected with a wellhead through a second pipeline, the rated pressure of the first pipeline is 4MPa, and the rated pressure of the second pipeline is 35MPa; a pressure relief unit disposed on the second line configured to control gas supply and pressure relief of the wellbore gas; one side of VFD the control unit pass through the cable with the power supply unit connects, the opposite side pass through the cable with the compressing unit the pressure boost unit with the pressure release unit is connected, and the VFD the control unit includes transformer, booster compressor starter and electropneumatic controller, and the transformer is used for providing compressing unit, booster compressor unit and pressure release unit at the required variable frequency voltage of operating condition, and the booster compressor starter is used for driving the booster compressor load according to the electricity of difference, selects the start curve to implement soft start to the electricity drive booster compressor, electropneumatic controller is used for controlling the variable frequency voltage of transformer output and opening of booster compressor starter and stops.
In an exemplary embodiment of the electrically driven gas drilling system of the present invention, the electrically driven gas drilling system may further comprise a monitoring unit connected to the VFD control unit, configured to perform data monitoring and remote control in the gas drilling operation, and to remotely adjust the gas amount according to the process status.
In an exemplary embodiment of the electrically driven gas drilling system of the present invention, the monitoring unit may comprise a data acquisition module, a data transmission module and a centralized monitoring module, wherein the data acquisition module is configured to complete gas drilling parameter data acquisition, the acquired data comprising electric air compressor data, electric booster data, VFD control data, pressure relief data, gas flow meter data, detonation monitoring device data, logging parameters and video image data; the data transmission module is configured to complete gas drilling parameter data transmission; the centralized monitoring module is configured to perform video monitoring, electric air compressor and booster monitoring, VFD control unit monitoring, detonation monitoring, and gas drilling process flow monitoring.
In an exemplary embodiment of the electrically-driven gas drilling system of the present invention, the electrically-driven air compressor may include a first explosion-proof motor, a screw compressor assembly, a first cooling component, a first lubricating component, and a first instrument control component, wherein the first explosion-proof motor provides a power source for the electrically-driven air compressor and provides power for the screw compressor assembly; the screw compressor assembly is used for carrying out primary pressurization on air from the atmosphere; the first cooling component is used for cooling compressed gas and lubricating oil of the screw compressor assembly; the first lubricating component is used for lubricating high-pressure and low-pressure rotors of the screw compressor assembly; the first instrument control assembly comprises a control box and a first instrument control cabinet and is used for controlling the running state of the electrically-driven air compressor.
In an exemplary embodiment of the electrically driven gas drilling system of the present invention, the electrically driven booster may comprise a second explosion proof motor, a compressor, a second cooling assembly, a second lubrication assembly, and a second instrument control assembly, wherein the second explosion proof motor provides a power source for the electrically driven booster, powering the compressor; the compressor is connected with the second explosion-proof motor through a coupler and used for carrying out secondary pressurization on compressed air from the electrically-driven supercharger so that the compressed air achieves the circulating pressure consumption required by gas drilling; the second cooling assembly is used for cooling the compressed gas and the lubricating oil of the screw compressor; the second lubricating component is used for providing lubrication for the compressor to operate at high speed and high pressure; the second instrument control assembly comprises an explosion-proof control box and a second instrument control cabinet and is used for controlling the running state of the electrically driven supercharger.
In an exemplary embodiment of the electrically driven gas drilling system of the present invention, the input voltage of the transformer may be 600V, the output voltages may be 600V and 380V, and the maximum total output power may be 4600kW.
In an exemplary embodiment of the electrically driven gas drilling system of the present invention, the pressure relief unit may further include a muffler provided on the pressure relief unit to remove noise generated at the time of pressure relief.
In an exemplary embodiment of the electrically driven gas drilling system of the present invention, the VFD control unit arrangement may be a container type structure.
In an exemplary embodiment of the electrically driven gas drilling system of the present invention, the compression unit may comprise at least four sets of electrically driven air compressors, the at least four sets of electrically driven air compressors being arranged in parallel, the power of a single electrically driven air compressor being less than or equal to 480KW; the supercharging unit comprises at least four groups of electrically-driven superchargers, the at least four groups of electrically-driven superchargers are arranged in parallel, and the power of a single electrically-driven supercharger is less than or equal to 550KW.
In a further aspect of the invention, there is provided an electrically driven gas drilling method, wherein the electrically driven gas drilling system as described in any one of the above is used to operate a gas supply device for gas drilling driven by electric energy, so as to perform gas drilling operation.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention can comprise at least one of the following:
(1) The VFD is used as electric drive control, so that noise and soil pollution caused by the operation of a diesel engine can be effectively reduced;
(2) The invention has simple maintenance and low operation and maintenance cost, and can effectively reduce the amount of labor;
(3) The invention can realize remote monitoring, and can automatically realize one-button shutdown and automatic pressure relief when a well control dangerous case needs to be closed emergently, thereby avoiding greater loss.
Drawings
The above and other objects and/or features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram of an electric drive gas drilling system of an exemplary embodiment of the electric drive gas drilling system of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows:
1-1-first power grid room, 1-2-second power grid room, 2-generator set, 3-double current switching room, 4-1 # VFD control unit, 4-2 # VFD control unit, 5-1-first air compressor, 5-2-second air compressor, 5-3-third air compressor, 5-4-fourth air compressor, 5-5-fifth air compressor, 5-6-sixth air compressor, 5-7-seventh air compressor, 5-8-eighth air compressor, 5-9-ninth air compressor, 5-10-tenth air compressor, 6-1-first air compressor, 6-2-second supercharger, 6-3-third supercharger, 6-4-fourth air compressor, 6-5-fifth supercharger, 6-6-sixth supercharger, 6-7-seventh supercharger, 7-pressure relief device, 8-silencer.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the electrically driven gas drilling system and method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that "first," "second," and the like are merely for convenience of description and for ease of distinction, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
At present, in the domestic gas drilling process, a diesel engine is used as core power for driving gas drilling.
In an exemplary embodiment of the electrically driven gas drilling system of the present invention, the gas drilling system comprises a power supply unit, a VFD control unit, a compression unit, a pressurization unit and a pressure relief unit.
Wherein the power supply unit is configured to convert the grid power to a 600V voltage suitable for use in an oil drilling site.
The compression unit comprises a plurality of groups of electrically driven air compressors configured to provide air sources required by gas drilling.
Specifically, the electrically-driven air compressor comprises a first explosion-proof motor, a screw compressor assembly, a first cooling component, a first lubricating component and a first instrument control component.
The first explosion-proof motor is connected with the screw compressor, provides a power source for the electrically-driven air compressor and provides power for the screw compressor assembly.
The screw compressor assembly is used for primary pressurization of air from the atmosphere.
The first cooling component is connected with the screw compressor and used for cooling compressed gas and lubricating oil of the screw compressor assembly.
The first lubricating component and the screw compressor are used for lubricating high-pressure rotors and low-pressure rotors of the screw compressor assembly.
The first instrument control assembly comprises a control box and a first instrument control cabinet and is used for controlling the running state of the electrically driven air compressor.
The pressurizing unit comprises a plurality of groups of electrically-driven superchargers which are configured to provide circulating pressure consumption required by gas drilling, the inlet of the pressurizing unit is connected with the compression unit through a first pipeline, the outlet of the pressurizing unit is connected with a wellhead through a second pipeline, the rated pressure of the first pipeline is 4MPa, and the rated pressure of the second pipeline is 35MPa.
Specifically, the electrically driven supercharger comprises a second explosion-proof motor, a compressor, a second cooling assembly, a second lubricating assembly and a second instrument control assembly.
The second explosion-proof motor provides a power source for the electrically-driven supercharger and provides power for the compressor.
The compressor is connected with the second explosion-proof motor through a coupler and used for re-pressurizing the compressed air from the electrically-driven supercharger so that the compressed air reaches the circulating pressure consumption required by gas drilling.
The second cooling assembly is connected with the screw compressor and is used for cooling compressed gas and lubricating oil of the screw compressor.
The second lubrication assembly is used for providing lubrication for the compressor to operate at high speed and high pressure.
The second instrument control assembly comprises an explosion-proof control box and a second instrument control cabinet and is used for controlling the running state of the electrically driven supercharger.
A pressure relief unit is disposed on the second line configured to control gas supply and pressure relief of the wellbore gas.
Specifically, the pressure relief unit further includes a muffler provided on the pressure relief unit to remove noise generated when the pressure is relieved.
One side of the VFD control unit is connected with the power supply unit through a cable, the other side of the VFD control unit is connected with the compression unit, the pressurization unit and the pressure relief unit through a cable, and the VFD control unit comprises a transformer, a pressurization starter and an electric controller.
The transformer is used for providing variable frequency voltage required by the compression unit, the pressurization unit and the pressure relief unit under actual working conditions.
Specifically, the input voltage of the voltage transformer is 600V, the output voltages are 600V and 380V, and the maximum output total power is 4600kW.
The turbocharger starter is used to select a starting curve for different electric turbocharger loads, so that a soft start is carried out for the electric turbochargers.
And the electric controller is used for controlling the variable frequency voltage output by the transformer and the start and stop of the supercharger starter.
In this embodiment, the VFD control unit may be provided in a container type structure.
In this embodiment, the compression unit may include at least four groups of electrically driven air compressors, the at least four groups of electrically driven air compressors are arranged in parallel, and the power of a single electrically driven air compressor is less than or equal to 480KW.
The supercharging unit can comprise at least four groups of electrically-driven superchargers, the at least four groups of electrically-driven superchargers are arranged in parallel, and the power of a single electrically-driven supercharger is less than or equal to 550KW.
In this embodiment, the electrically driven gas drilling system may further include a monitoring unit connected to the VFD control unit, configured to perform data monitoring and remote control in the gas drilling operation, and to remotely adjust the gas amount according to a process state.
Specifically, the monitoring unit comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission module and a centralized monitoring module. Wherein the data acquisition module is configured to complete gas drilling parameter data acquisition, the data gathered including electrically driven air compressor data, electrically driven supercharger data, VFD control data, pressure relief data, gas flow meter data, detonation monitoring device data, logging parameters, and video image data.
The data transmission module is configured to complete gas drilling parameter data transmission.
The centralized monitoring module is configured to perform video monitoring, electric air compressor and booster monitoring, VFD control unit monitoring, blast monitoring, and gas drilling process flow monitoring.
In another aspect of the invention, an electrically driven gas drilling method is provided.
In an exemplary embodiment of the method of electrically driven gas drilling of the present invention, the method is performed such that the electrically driven gas drilling system achieves operation of a gas drilling gas supply apparatus driven with electrical energy to complete a gas drilling operation.
For a better understanding of the invention, the following further illustrates the invention in connection with the drawings and examples, but the invention is not limited to the following examples.
The gas drilling operation system in the Chongqing area is used in the example, the VFD control system in the Chongqing area is used for centralized control of an electric drive air compressor and an electric drive supercharger in gas drilling operation, mainly comprises a VFD control unit, an electric controller, a soft supercharger starting device and the like, and meets the requirements of gas drilling operation processes, road transportation, power grid capacity and environmental weather in the Chongqing area and Xinjiang Tarim.
The gas drilling operation system comprises 10 existing electric driven air compressor units, 7 existing booster units and 2 existing VFD control units, wherein the network power is connected to the VFD control units, and then the VFD control units are connected to the units. Wherein 1 VFD the control unit is standby system for use the drilling crew generator under the net electricity condition of cutting off power suddenly for 5 electricity drive air compressors and 3 electricity drive superchargers provide emergency power supply, guarantee to provide certain air volume and establish the circulation as in the pit, guarantee that the well is unblocked. Aiming at the situation, a double-power-supply switching device is additionally arranged on the power generation room and the VFD control unit and used for switching current.
Fig. 1 shows a circuit connection diagram of an electrically driven drilling operation system in Chongqing areas, wherein thick solid lines in the diagram indicate high-voltage cables for connecting each power grid room with a VFD control system; the thin solid line represents the cable of the VFD control system connected with each air compressor; the dotted lines represent the cables connecting the VFD control system to each booster; the dotted line represents a low pressure line; the two-dot chain line indicates a high-pressure line.
As shown in fig. 1, the entire electrically driven drilling operation system includes a power supply unit, a VFD control unit, a compression unit, a pressurization unit, and a pressure relief unit. Wherein, the power supply unit comprises a first power grid room 1-1 and a second power grid room 1-2, and is used for converting the power grid into 600V voltage suitable for being used in an oil drilling field. The power supply unit further comprises a generator set 2 and a dual current switching room 3. The VFD control units are provided with two sets, namely a 1# VFD control unit 4-1 and a 2# VFD control unit 4-2 respectively, and are used for providing variable frequency voltages required by the compression unit, the pressurization unit and the pressure relief unit under actual working conditions. The compression unit comprises two groups of electrically-driven air compressors, wherein one group of electrically-driven air compressors is connected with the 1# VFD control unit 4-1 through an air compressor cable and consists of a first air compressor 5-1, a second air compressor 5-2, a third air compressor 5-3, a fourth air compressor 5-4 and a fifth air compressor 5-5; the other group of electrically driven air compressors is connected with the 2# VFD control unit 4-2 through air compressor cables and consists of a sixth air compressor 5-6, a seventh air compressor 5-7, an eighth air compressor 5-8, a ninth air compressor 5-9 and a tenth air compressor 5-10. The supercharging unit comprises two groups of electrically-driven superchargers, wherein one side of one group of electrically-driven superchargers is connected with the 1# VFD control unit 4-1 through a supercharger cable, and the other side of the one group of electrically-driven superchargers is connected with one group of electrically-driven air compressors through a low-voltage pipeline and consists of a first supercharger 6-1, a second supercharger 6-2, a third supercharger 6-3 and a fourth supercharger 6-4; one side of the other group of electrically-driven superchargers is connected with the 2# VFD control unit 4-2 through a supercharger cable, and the other side of the other group of electrically-driven superchargers is connected with the other group of electrically-driven air compressors through a low-voltage pipeline and consists of a fifth supercharger 6-5, a sixth supercharger 6-6 and a seventh supercharger 6-7. The pressure relief unit is arranged on a high-pressure pipeline connected with the pressurization unit and comprises a pressure relief device 7 used for controlling gas supply and pressure relief of shaft gas. The pressure relief device 7 is also provided with a silencer 8 for eliminating noise generated during pressure relief.
And an electric controller, a soft start device and the like matched with the VFD control system are arranged in the VFD control room.
The VFD control system gets electricity from a grid power box transformer room, directly introduces a 600V power supply, and controls 5 electrically-driven air compressors, 4 electrically-driven superchargers and other equipment through internal equipment facilities of the VFD control system.
The power supply capacity of a power supply required by a single VFD control system is not lower than 6300KVA, the centralized control is carried out on 5 electrically-driven air compressors (the power of the single electrically-driven air compressor is not more than 480 KW) and 4 25MPa electrically-driven superchargers (the power of the single electrically-driven supercharger is not more than 550 KW), 600V and 380V power supplies, operation and the like are provided for electrically-driven equipment, and the maximum total power of the equipment is 4600kW.
The main technical parameters of the VFD control system are as follows: rated voltage: 600V; rated insulation level: 1000V; rated frequency: 50Hz; rated current of main circuit: 6300A; rated short-time withstand current of the main and ground loops: 100KA/1S; rated peak withstand current of the main and ground loops: 220KA/0.1S; rated supply voltage of the operating mechanism and the auxiliary circuit: AC220V/AC380V; rated power supply frequency of the operating mechanism and the auxiliary loop: 50Hz; rated maximum power of the system: 4600kW; the protection level of the VFD control room is IP30; ambient temperature: -25 to 45 ℃; the maximum altitude: 3000m.
The main equipment of the VFD control system comprises 1 VFD control room, 1 transformer, 4 soft starting devices, electric energy metering, a reactive compensation filtering device, low-voltage switch equipment, control equipment, internal connecting wires (cables, buses and other connecting wires) and the like. The transformer, the control equipment, the electric energy metering, the reactive compensation, the low-voltage switch equipment and the supercharger soft start device are stored in the VFD control room.
The VFD control room is used for installing control equipment, a transformer, a soft start device and other important electrical equipment of the VFD control system. As long-term field construction is required, the internal equipment and facilities are firmly fixed, and the capacities of corrosion resistance, dust resistance, moisture resistance, impact resistance, damage resistance and the like are strong. The framework of the VFD control room is of an integrated welding structure, the framework is welded by adopting profile steel, and the framework has enough mechanical strength and rigidity and cannot be deformed or damaged during hoisting, transportation and installation. The indoor switch cabinet can not influence the operation and the operation of equipment such as a switch, an isolation device and the like due to the deformation caused by hoisting and transporting. The interior of the cabinet is strictly divided into compartments by adopting steel plates and flame-retardant insulating partition plates, and the protection grade among the compartments is IP2X. Control room design considerations prevent personnel from reaching hazardous components and from foreign objects. The chassis part of the control room is formed by welding profile steel (channel steel), the frame, the door and the top cover are all made of high-quality cold-rolled steel plates through sand blasting and hot zinc spraying anti-corrosion treatment processes or are made of stainless steel, and the thickness of the frame steel plate is not less than 2.5mm; the thickness of the door and the top cover steel plate is not less than 2mm; the thickness of the bottom plate is not less than 3mm; the box body is not allowed to be riveted by using metal materials such as color steel plates, galvanized plates and the like. The inside filler adopts the polyurethane fire prevention insulation material that construction department permits, ensures whole control room heat preservation and fire behavior.
The transformer is mainly used for converting 600V voltage into 380V voltage, and the main parameters of the transformer are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Transformer parameter Table
| Rated capacity (kVA): | 160 |
| rated voltage (high voltage/low voltage) ratio (kV): | 0.6/0.38 |
| maximum voltage (kV): | high pressure 0.6, low pressure 0.38 |
| Frequency (Hz): | 50±2％ |
| short circuit voltage (Ucc%): | 4.0％ |
| insulation grade | High pressure F, low pressure F |
| Line frequency withstand voltage (kV) | 3 |
| Type (B) | Dry three coils installed indoors |
| Total noise level | Less than 60 db/1 m |
The reactive compensation filtering device adopts a low-voltage dynamic reactive compensation filtering device to perform reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression, the low-voltage dynamic reactive compensation filtering device is closed type indoor complete equipment, and under the condition that compensation capacity is enough, the power factor is ensured to reach more than 0.95. The core element in the reactive compensation filtering device can comprise an integrated compensation module and an active filtering module.
Specifically, the integrated compensation module is integrated by a fuse-type protection switch, a thyristor zero-crossing switching switch, a cylindrical aluminum-shell dry-type power filter capacitor and a dry-type filter reactor. The zero-crossing switch has the functions of realizing zero-crossing switching-on and zero-crossing switching-off, and ensures that no electric energy loss, no surge current and impact on a capacitor and a power grid are generated during the switching-on period of the switch. The protection device has the functions of temperature protection and overcurrent quick-break.
The integrated compensation module is of a metal fully-closed box type structure and is formed by welding and processing high-quality cold-rolled steel plates. The left side and the right side of the box body are provided with heat dissipation holes to strengthen air convection, and the upper part of the box body is provided with an axial flow fan to strengthen air exhaust performance, so that the box body has a good heat dissipation function. The integrated compensation module adopts liquid crystal or nixie tube display, the interface is simple and clear, zero-crossing switching is realized, no electric arc or inrush current exists, the response is fast, and the response time of repeated switching is less than 10ms. The integrated compensation module has overcurrent, quick-break, overtemperature and open-phase protection; the number of the heat dissipation fans is not less than 1, and the air volume is not less than 2m3/min.
The active filter module adopts a three-phase fully-controlled bridge voltage type converter, has the protection functions of overload, overvoltage, overheating, open-phase, short circuit, interference resistance and the like, can be automatically cut off, and has the rated voltage of not less than 600V. The active filter module has a 2-50 harmonic filtering function, a user can set the number of harmonic times to be filtered according to needs and can independently set each harmonic, and the active filter module has an RS-485 communication interface and a standard interface protocol, so that the user can conveniently access information such as equipment operation conditions, measurement data, fault alarm and the like to a monitoring system, and related technical communication protocols of intelligent interfaces are freely provided.
The specifications of the soft start device of the electric supercharger are shown in table 2.
The rated power of a main motor of the supercharger is 500KW, the rated voltage is 600V, the rated current is 520A, and the low-voltage soft starter can select a corresponding starting curve according to different loads to achieve the best starting effect. The starting and stopping of the motor are more accurate and smooth.
TABLE 2 technical requirements table for soft starter of supercharger
The VFD control room is connected with and controls the compression unit and the pressurization unit, and the first VFD control room is connected and controls the common compression unit and the common pressurization unit. Wherein, compression unit commonly used includes 5 air compressors, and the pressure boost unit commonly used includes 4 superchargers.
And the second VFD control room is connected with and controls the standby compression unit and the standby pressurization unit. Wherein, reserve air compression unit includes 5 air compressors, and reserve pressure boost unit includes 3 superchargers.
The pressurizing unit is configured to provide the circulating pressure consumption required by gas drilling, and the inlet of the pressurizing unit is connected with the compression unit through a low-pressure pipeline, and the outlet of the pressurizing unit is connected with the wellhead through a high-pressure pipeline. Wherein the rated pressure of the low-pressure pipeline is 4MPa, and the rated pressure of the high-pressure pipeline is 35MPa.
And the high-pressure pipeline is provided with a pressure relief device for controlling gas supply and pressure relief of the shaft gas.
Specifically, the pressure relief unit further includes a muffler provided on the pressure relief unit to remove noise generated when the pressure is relieved.
The gas drilling operation system can also comprise a cable and corollary equipment. Wherein, the 600V cable model specification that gets into VFD control system is: YCW 1X 400mm2; the cable model specification from the VFD control system to the electric drive air compressor is as follows: YCW 1X 400mm2; the cable model specification from the VFD control system to the electrically driven supercharger is as follows: YCW 1 × 400mm2; the cable model specification from the VFD control system to the electric supercharger is as follows: YCW 1 × 150mm2; the voltage grade of a copper core rubber insulated flexible wire cable (rubber sleeve cable) adopted by the cable is as follows: U0/U450/750V.
The technical requirements and the structure of the cable trunking are as follows: the material of the cable slot is a cold-rolled steel plate, the surface of the cable slot is subjected to plastic spraying treatment, and the spraying is smooth, smooth and uniform, does not peel, does not have bubbles and must be sprayed with fireproof paint; the thickness requirement of the bridge plate is as follows: the width is 1000mm, and the thickness is 2.0mm; the thickness of the connecting piece is at least the same as that of the bridge frame, and the thickness of the cover plate is the same.
During cable installation, path optimization can be carried out on the bridge according to a construction drawing and by combining with the actual requirements on the site, the cable bridge is installed along the walls and columns of buildings and structures by adopting brackets as much as possible, and is installed along the beams and the plates by adopting hangers; the need of maintenance and overhaul between every two adjacent cable bridges is considered when the ladder frames are laid; the straight-line section steel cable bridge frame is more than 30m, and an expansion joint is adopted, and an expansion connecting plate is suitable for connection. The bridge frame joint should adopt not less than 4mm 2 soft copper core line as the bridging earth connection, and the bridge frame leads to length should be no less than 2 places and link to each other with the ground connection trunk.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with the exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An electrically driven gas drilling system, comprising a power supply unit, a VFD control unit, a compression unit, a pressure boosting unit, and a pressure relief unit, wherein,
the power supply unit is configured to convert the grid power into 600V voltage suitable for use in an oil drilling field;
the compression unit comprises a plurality of groups of electrically driven air compressors configured to provide air sources required by gas drilling;
the pressurization unit comprises a plurality of groups of electrically-driven superchargers which are configured to provide circulating pressure consumption required by gas drilling, the inlet of the pressurization unit is connected with the compression unit through a first pipeline, the outlet of the pressurization unit is connected with a wellhead through a second pipeline, the rated pressure of the first pipeline is 4MPa, and the rated pressure of the second pipeline is 35MPa;
the pressure relief unit is arranged on the second pipeline and is configured to control gas supply and pressure relief of the gas in the shaft;
the cable is passed through to VFD the one side of control unit with the power supply unit is connected, the opposite side pass through the cable with the compression unit the pressure boost unit with the pressure release unit is connected, and the VFD the control unit includes transformer, booster starter and electropneumatic controller, and the transformer is used for providing compression unit, booster unit and pressure release unit at the required frequency conversion voltage of operating condition, and the booster starter is used for driving the booster load according to the electricity of difference, selects the start curve to implement soft start to driving the booster, the electropneumatic controller is used for controlling the frequency conversion voltage of transformer output and opening of booster starter and stops.
2. The electrically driven gas drilling system of claim 1, further comprising a monitoring unit connected to the VFD control unit and configured to perform data monitoring and remote control in gas drilling operations and to remotely adjust the gas volume as a function of process conditions.
3. The electrically driven gas drilling system of claim 2, wherein the monitoring unit comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, and a centralized monitoring module, wherein the data acquisition module is configured to perform gas drilling parameter data acquisition including electric air compressor drive data, electric booster drive data, VFD control data, pressure relief data, gas flow meter data, detonation monitoring device data, logging parameters, and video image data;
the data transmission module is configured to complete gas drilling parameter data transmission;
the centralized monitoring module is configured to perform video monitoring, electric air compressor and booster monitoring, VFD control unit monitoring, detonation monitoring, and gas drilling process flow monitoring.
4. The electrically driven gas drilling system of claim 1, wherein the electrically driven air compressor comprises a first explosion-proof motor, a screw compressor assembly, a first cooling assembly, a first lubrication assembly, and a first instrument control assembly, wherein the first explosion-proof motor provides a power source for the electrically driven air compressor to power the screw compressor assembly;
the screw compressor assembly is used for carrying out primary pressurization on air from the atmosphere;
the first cooling component is used for cooling compressed gas and lubricating oil of the screw compressor assembly;
the first lubricating component is used for lubricating high and low pressure rotors of the screw compressor assembly;
the first instrument control assembly comprises a control box and a first instrument control cabinet and is used for controlling the running state of the electrically-driven air compressor.
5. The electrically driven gas drilling system of claim 1, wherein the electrically driven booster includes a second explosion proof motor, a compressor, a second cooling assembly, a second lubrication assembly, and a second instrument control assembly, wherein the second explosion proof motor provides a power source for the electrically driven booster to power the compressor;
the compressor is connected with the second explosion-proof motor through a coupler and used for carrying out secondary pressurization on compressed air from the electrically-driven supercharger so that the compressed air achieves the circulating pressure consumption required by gas drilling;
the second cooling assembly is used for cooling the compressed gas and the lubricating oil of the screw compressor;
the second lubricating component is used for providing lubrication for the compressor to operate at high speed and high pressure;
the second instrument control assembly comprises an explosion-proof control box and a second instrument control cabinet and is used for controlling the running state of the electrically driven supercharger.
6. The electrically driven gas drilling system according to claim 1, wherein the input voltage of the transformer is 600V, the output voltages are 600V and 380V, and the maximum total output power is 4600kW.
7. The electrically driven gas drilling system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure relief unit further comprises a muffler provided on the pressure relief unit to eliminate noise generated at the time of pressure relief.
8. The electrically driven gas drilling system of claim 1, wherein the VFD control unit is provided as a container-type structure.
9. The electrically driven gas drilling system of claim 1, wherein the compression unit comprises at least four sets of electrically driven air compressors, the at least four sets of electrically driven air compressors being arranged in parallel, the power of a single electrically driven air compressor being less than or equal to 480KW; the supercharging unit comprises at least four groups of electrically-driven superchargers, the at least four groups of electrically-driven superchargers are arranged in parallel, and the power of a single electrically-driven supercharger is less than or equal to 550KW.
10. A method of electrically driven gas drilling, characterized in that the operation of an electrically driven gas drilling gas supply device is carried out with electric energy by means of an electrically driven gas drilling system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 for performing gas drilling operations.
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