CN115182682A - High-reliability flexible drill rod - Google Patents

High-reliability flexible drill rod Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115182682A
CN115182682A CN202110362324.XA CN202110362324A CN115182682A CN 115182682 A CN115182682 A CN 115182682A CN 202110362324 A CN202110362324 A CN 202110362324A CN 115182682 A CN115182682 A CN 115182682A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
mandrel
sliding
transmission structure
torque
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110362324.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐梓辰
杨忠华
其他发明人请求不公开姓名
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN202110362324.XA priority Critical patent/CN115182682A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/084419 priority patent/WO2022206896A1/en
Publication of CN115182682A publication Critical patent/CN115182682A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/061—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft advancing relative to a guide, e.g. a curved tube or a whipstock
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E21B17/05—Swivel joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/16—Drill collars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/064—Deflecting the direction of boreholes specially adapted drill bits therefor

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a high reliability flexible drilling rod, includes a plurality of end to end's transmission unit, the transmission unit includes drill collar shell, dabber, weight-on-bit transmission structure and torque transmission structure, and weight-on-bit transmission structure and torque transmission structure mutually independent set up realize the weight-on-bit of directional drilling tool and the independent transmission of moment of torsion respectively, and simple structure just reduces the development cost in multilayer system oil field by a wide margin. Because the center of weight-on-bit transmission structure and moment of torsion transmission structure coincide each other, during the design, can the furthest shorten the length of drive unit, and then do benefit to the demand that realizes short radius and ultrashort radius well drilling, reduced the degree of difficulty of rotatory drilling in-process well deviation control when realizing the rotatory directional drilling of high build slope, increased the reliability and the build slope stability of equipment.

Description

High-reliability flexible drill rod
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation and drilling, in particular to a high-reliability flexible drill rod.
Background
Aiming at the requirements of old oil fields, multi-layer oil fields and other stratum reconstruction, the traditional branch drilling or encryption drilling mode is increasingly poor in economy, and how to improve the contact effect of a borehole and the stratum by using a drilling means, improve the oil field development effect and reduce the development cost becomes an important subject. In the existing oil exploitation industry, the short-radius branch well or the extremely short-radius branch well implemented by the method has the defects of high cost, long drilling period, unobvious effect and the like. Particularly, very short radius drilling techniques with turning radii of less than 10 meters are becoming an effective means of increasing the contact level of the formation. Currently, existing flexible drill pipes and high-pressure hoses are means by which short-radius drilling can be achieved. However, in the prior art, the flexible drill pipe can transmit the weight-on-bit torque through the contained universal joint string, and the universal joint is mostly composed of an articulated structure and a torque transmission structure, and transmits the torque through a groove-key structure. Because the torque transfer structure is arranged on the contact surface of the hinge structure, the dislocation between the groove and the key of the torque transfer structure is serious when the flexible drill rod passes through a high-curvature well section, so that the flexible drill rod is easy to shake and break. The process of adopting the high-pressure hose to realize the drilling with the extremely short radius is limited by the structure, the transmission of torque can not be realized, and the drilling pressure can not be transmitted, in addition, the high-pressure hose can only drive a water jet drill bit to break the stratum in a jet drilling mode, and the diameter of a well hole is about 1 inch, so that better productivity is difficult to obtain.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a high-reliability flexible drill rod, which respectively realizes the transmission of the bit pressure and the torque through a bit pressure transmission structure and a torque transmission structure which are arranged between a drill collar shell and a mandrel and are independent from each other.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-reliability flexible drill rod comprises a plurality of transmission units which are connected end to end, wherein each transmission unit comprises a drill collar shell, a mandrel, a bit pressure transmission structure and a torque transmission structure, one end of the bit pressure transmission structure is fixed on the drill collar shell, and the other end of the bit pressure transmission structure is fixed on the mandrel; the drill pressure and the axial tension between the drill collar shell and the mandrel are directly transmitted through the drill pressure transmission structure; one end of the torque transmission structure is fixed on the drill collar shell, and the other end of the torque transmission structure is fixed on the mandrel; torque between the drill collar housing and the mandrel is directly transmitted through the torque transmission structure; the mandrel of each transmission unit can axially deflect relative to the drill collar shell of the transmission unit;
the bit pressure transmission structure is independent of the torque transmission structure, and when the mandrel of each transmission unit axially deflects relative to the drill collar shell, the deflection centers of the bit pressure transmission structure and the torque transmission structure are superposed with each other; one end of the mandrel extends out of the drill collar shell and is fixedly connected with the drill collar shell of the adjacent transmission unit or the mandrel and the drill collar shell of the adjacent transmission unit are designed into an integrated structure, so that the transmission of the drilling pressure and the torque between the adjacent transmission units is realized.
Preferably, the distance from the torque transmission point, the torque transmission line or the torque transmission surface of the torque transmission structure to the deflection center is smaller than the weight-on-bit transmission force of the weight-on-bit transmission structureNoodleA minimum distance to the deflection center. That is, the structure of the torque transmission structure that realizes torque transmission may be a torque transmission point, a torque transmission line, or a torque transmission surface arranged in a pair.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the distance from the torque transmission point, the torque transmission line, or the torque transmission surface of the structure to the deflection center is smaller than the distance from the weight transmission surface to the deflection center, the weight transmission structure may be separately disposed away from the torque transmission structure, and the specific arrangement is that the mandrel and the torque transmission structure are sleeved in the weight transmission structure and seated inside the drill collar housing. Since the forces act mutually, the torque input end and the torque output end of the torque transmission structure are mutually converted within the protection scope of the invention, and the interchange positions of the bit pressure input end and the bit pressure output end of the bit pressure transmission structure are also within the protection scope of the invention.
Preferably, the weight-on-bit transmission structure at least comprises a first slip surface group used for bearing axial pressure, the first slip surface group comprises a first slip surface fixed on the drill collar shell and a second slip surface fixed on the mandrel, the first slip surface and the second slip surface are cambered surfaces, the first slip surface and the second slip surface are mutually attached and can relatively slip by taking the deflection center of the drill collar shell and the deflection center of the mandrel as the center, so that the axial pressure transmission direction can be subjected to lossless or low-loss deflection when the axes of the drill collar shell and the mandrel deflect.
The drill pressure transmission structure further comprises a second sliding surface group used for bearing axial tension, the second sliding surface group comprises a third sliding surface fixed on the mandrel and a fourth sliding surface fixed on the drill collar shell, the third sliding surface and the fourth sliding surface are cambered surfaces, the third sliding surface and the fourth sliding surface are mutually attached and can relatively slide by taking the deflection center of the drill collar shell and the mandrel as the center, so that when the drill collar shell and the axis of the mandrel deflect, the direction of the axial tension transmission can be deflected without loss or with low loss.
Preferably, when the weight-on-bit transmission structure is arranged on the front side and the rear side of the torque transmission structure, the mandrel and the torque transmission structure are seated in the drill collar housing through the inner sleeve of the weight-on-bit transmission structure, the transmission unit at least comprises a front sliding disc group and a rear sliding disc group, the front sliding disc group is arranged at the front end of the torque transmission structure, and the rear sliding disc group is arranged at the rear end of the torque transmission structure; the front sliding disc group and the rear sliding disc group respectively comprise an outer fixed disc and an inner fixed disc, the outer fixed disc is fixed on the drill collar shell, and the inner fixed disc is fixed on the mandrel; the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface are respectively opposite binding surfaces of an inner fixed disk and an outer fixed disk of the rear sliding disk group; the third sliding surface and the fourth sliding surface are respectively opposite binding surfaces of an outer fixed disk and an inner fixed disk of the front sliding disk set. Its unique advantage lies in, weight of bits transmission structure set up in both sides around the moment of torsion transmission structure, preceding sliding tray group with the frictional force that back sliding tray group produced can offset each other, is difficult to lead to the structure dislocation, can prolong the life-span of weight of bits transmission structure and moment of torsion transmission structure by a wide margin.
Preferably, when the weight on bit transmission structure is arranged on any one of the front side or the rear side of the torque transmission structure, the transmission unit comprises a first sliding disc, a second sliding disc and a spherical sliding disc, the spherical sliding disc is fixed on the mandrel, and the second sliding surface and the third sliding surface are respectively the front surface and the rear surface of the spherical sliding disc; the first sliding plate is fixed on the drill collar shell, the first sliding surface is arranged on the rear surface of the first sliding plate, the second sliding plate is fixed on the drill collar shell, the fourth sliding surface is arranged on the front surface of the second sliding plate, and the first sliding plate, the second sliding plate and the spherical sliding plate slide by taking the deflection center of the drill collar shell and the deflection center of the mandrel as the center.
It should be noted that the torque transmission structures may be arranged away from the weight-on-bit transmission structure or may be arranged by being wrapped with each other, but no matter what arrangement, the deflection centers of the two structures are always overlapped, and the distance from each weight-on-bit transmission slip plane to the deflection center is always not less than the distance from the torque transmission point to the deflection center. The drill pressure transmission sliding surfaces can be fixed on the drill collar shell or the mandrel, the distances between the drill pressure transmission front sliding surface and the drill pressure transmission rear sliding surface from a deflection center can be equal or different, and the lubricating clearance between each group of sliding surfaces is smaller than the movable clearance of the torque transmission ball in any arrangement mode.
Preferably, the torque transmission structure includes a constant velocity joint, and an input end of the constant velocity joint is fixed to the spindle or the spindle is an input end of the constant velocity joint; the output end of the constant velocity universal joint is fixed on the drill collar shell or the drill collar shell is the output end of the constant velocity universal joint.
Preferably, the torque transmission structure comprises a rzeppa torque transmission structure, the rzeppa torque transmission structure is a rzeppa constant velocity joint comprising a plurality of pairs of torque transmission balls and a torque transmission ball moving in the ball groove, the length of the ball groove is greater than the diameter of the torque transmission ball, so that the torque transmission ball can generate space shaking in the ball groove, and when the axis of the mandrel and the axis of the drill collar housing deflect, the torque transmission ball can not be clamped at the edge of the ball groove in a deflection limit range.
Preferably, the distance from the center of the ball of each of the torque transmitting balls to the center of the constant velocity joint is equal to and smaller than the distance from the first pair of slip surfaces and the second pair of slip surfaces to the center of the constant velocity joint.
Preferably, the constant velocity joint includes a spline-type torque transmission structure; the tooth groove type torque transmission structure at least comprises a first tooth groove and a second tooth groove, the first tooth groove and the second tooth groove are respectively a core shaft end torque transmission tooth groove and a shell end torque transmission tooth groove which can be matched with each other to transmit torque, the core shaft end torque transmission tooth groove is fixedly connected with the core shaft, and the shell end torque transmission tooth groove is fixedly connected with the drill collar shell, so that the torque can be transmitted between the drill collar shell and the core shaft through the teeth or the key grooves. The tooth socket comprises teeth, a key groove and a tooth embedding.
Preferably, the clearance between the slip faces of the first slip face group and/or the second slip face group is less than 1 mm.
Preferably, the maximum deflection angle which can be generated by the axis of the mandrel relative to the axis of the drill collar shell is not more than 8 degrees.
Preferably, the mandrel has an axial clearance with a mandrel of an adjacent transmission unit so as to enable the mandrel to deflect axially relative to the drill collar housing; and at least at the position with the axial clearance, the mandrel is in sealing connection with the mandrels of the adjacent transmission units through axial flexible jumper tubes, the axial flexible jumper tubes are arranged in the through structure, and the axial flexible jumper tubes are high-plasticity material tubes, rubber tubes and metal corrugated tubes.
Preferably, the axial flexible jumper tube penetrates through the main runner and is connected with all the transmission units in series. The axial flexible jumper tube is a high-plasticity material tube, a rubber tube or a metal corrugated tube.
A high-reliability flexible drilling system comprises the high-reliability flexible drill rod and further comprises an elastic sealing element and/or a dynamic sealing surface, a sealing space is formed between the elastic sealing element and/or the dynamic sealing surface and the axial flexible jumper pipe, and lubricating fluid for realizing the lubrication of a transmission unit is filled in the sealing space.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the high-reliability flexible drill rod, the independent transmission of the bit pressure and the torque of a directional drilling tool is realized through the bit pressure transmission structure and the torque transmission structure which are arranged between the drill collar shell and the mandrel and are independent of each other, and the high-reliability flexible drill rod is simple in structure, safe and reliable. Because the centers of the bit pressure transmission structure and the torque transmission structure are superposed with each other, the length of the transmission unit can be shortened to the greatest extent during design, the requirements for realizing short-radius and ultra-short-radius well drilling are further met, and the reliability and the deflecting stability of the equipment are improved. The drill collar shell and the mandrel are protected from being eroded and damaged by a drilling circulating medium through the axial flexible jumper tube, and meanwhile the coaxial characteristic of adjacent transmission units can be kept to a certain extent, so that the drilling stability is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment 1 of a high-reliability flexible drill rod according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment 2 of the high-reliability flexible drill rod of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the high-reliability flexible drill pipe in the deflecting process of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment 3 of a high reliability flexible drilling tool according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a high reliability flexible drilling tool of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
The reference numbers are listed below:
1-a transmission unit, 11-a drill collar housing, 111-a ball seat, 12-a mandrel, 121-a through structure, 13-a bit pressure transmission structure, 131-a first slip surface group, 1311-a first slip surface, 1312-a second slip surface, 132-a second slip surface group, 1321-a third slip surface, 1322-a fourth slip surface, 14-a torque transmission structure, 141-a torque transmission ball, 142-a ball groove, 143-a tooth groove, 1431-a first tooth groove, 2-a second tooth groove, 15-a first slip disk, 16-a second slip disk, 17-a spherical slip disk, 18-a front slip disk group, 181-an inner fixed disk of the front slip disk group, 182-an outer fixed disk of the front slip disk group, 19-a rear slip disk group, 191-an outer fixed disk of the rear slip disk group, 192-an inner fixed disk of the rear slip disk group, 2-an adjacent transmission unit, 21-a drill collar housing of the adjacent transmission unit, 22-an adjacent electric transmission unit, 3-an axial electric circuit, 4-an axial mandrel, a flexible gap sealing element, 1439-a flexible electric conduction sealing element, and a crossover slip ring unit.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. The front and the back of the invention are set based on the installation position of the drill bit, the direction towards the drill bit is front, and the direction away from the drill bit is back. The fixing of the invention, including but not limited to bonding fixing, key groove fixing, tenon and mortise structure fixing, welding fixing and integral forming structure, is based on meeting the mechanical requirements of use and is convenient for assembly.
Example 1
1-3, each transmission unit 1 comprises a drill collar housing 11, a mandrel 12, and a weight-on-bit transmission structure 13 and a torque transmission structure 14 which are arranged between the drill collar housing 11 and the mandrel 12, wherein the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13 and the torque transmission structure 14 are arranged independently of each other, and the deflection centers of the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13 and the torque transmission structure 14 coincide with each other, so that when the drill collar housing 11 deflects relative to the mandrel 12, the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13 can directly transmit axial weight from the drill collar housing 11 to the mandrel 12, but cannot transmit the weight to the torque transmission point of the torque transmission structure 14, and additionally increase the axial force of the torque transmission point, and after the axes of the drill collar housing 11 and the mandrel 12 deflect, when the high-reliability flexible drill pipe rotates circumferentially, torque generated between the drill collar housing 11 and the mandrel 12 can be directly transmitted by the torque transmission structure 14, but cannot transmit torque to a first sliding surface group (such as a sliding surface group) or a second sliding surface (such as a sliding surface) of the weight-on-bit transmission structure 11 and the mandrel 12. Namely, the weight-on-bit and the torque of each transmission unit 1 can be independently transmitted through the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13 and the torque transmission structure 14 respectively, and the torque stress point of the torque transmission structure 14 does not bear the weight-on-bit, so that the periodic vibration cannot be generated, and the fracture cannot be caused by overlarge pressure. One end of the mandrel 12 extends out of the drill collar shell 11 and is fixedly connected with the drill collar shell 21 of the adjacent transmission unit 2, or the mandrel 12 and the drill collar shell 21 of the adjacent transmission unit 2 are designed into an integrated structure, so that the transmission of the drilling pressure and the torque between the adjacent transmission units is realized.
In the drilling process, the transmission unit 1 can deflect relative to the transmission unit 2 adjacent to the transmission unit along with the change of the curvature of the well hole, and the high-reliability flexible drill rod integrally rotates to drive the drill bit to rotate so as to realize drilling. Therefore, the torque transmission here includes the torque generated by the axial deflection between the drill collar housing 11 and the mandrel 12 and the torque generated by the rotary drilling of the drill bit.
In this embodiment, the mandrel 12 and the torque transmission structure 14 are sleeved in the drill collar housing 11 through the bit pressure transmission structure 13, and the bit pressure transmission structure 13 is disposed in front of the torque transmission structure 14, and the deflection centers of the bit pressure transmission structure 13 and the torque transmission structure are coincident with each other.
Axial pressure (i.e., weight-on-bit) and tension (without the torque transfer structure 14) between the collar housing 11 and the mandrel 12 are directly transmitted through the weight-on-bit transfer structure 13, and torque (including torque generated by axial deflection and circumferential rotation) between the collar housing 11 and the mandrel 12 is directly transmitted through the torque transfer structure 14 (without the weight-on-bit transfer structure 13); the independent transmission of the bit pressure and the torque of the high-reliability flexible drill rod is realized, and the structure is simple, safe and reliable. And because the centers of the bit pressure transmission structure 13 and the torque transmission structure 14 are overlapped with each other, the length of the transmission unit can be shortened to the greatest extent during design, and the requirements of short-radius and ultra-short-radius drilling are further met.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13 at least includes a first slip surface group 131 for bearing an axial pressure, the first slip surface group 131 includes a first slip surface 1311 fixed to the collar housing 11 and a second slip surface 1312 fixed to the mandrel 12, the first slip surface 1311 and the second slip surface 1312 are attached to each other and can relatively slip around the center of the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13, so that when the axes of the collar housing 11 and the mandrel 12 are deflected, the direction of axial pressure (such as the weight-on-bit and the gravity of the transmission unit) transmission can be deflected without loss or with low loss, and further the axial force is transmitted without passing through the torque generating surface of the torque transmission structure 14.
Preferably, the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13 may further include a second slip plane set 132 for bearing axial tension (such as the gravity of a transmission unit and a drill bit connected in front of the second slip plane set 132), the second slip plane set 132 includes a third slip plane 1321 fixed to the mandrel 12 and a fourth slip plane 1322 fixed to the collar housing 11, and the third slip plane 1321 and the fourth slip plane 1322 are attached to each other and can relatively slide around the deflection center of the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13, so that when the axes of the collar housing 11 and the mandrel 12 are deflected, the direction of axial tension transmission can be deflected without loss or with low loss. Preferably, the first slip surface set 131 can also be used to withstand axial compression forces, and correspondingly the second slip surface set 132 can also withstand axial tension forces.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment specifically shows a specific structure of the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13:
the input end (front end) of the torque transmission structure 14 is provided with a front sliding disk set 17, and the output end (rear end) of the torque transmission structure 14 is provided with a rear sliding disk set 19, or vice versa. Namely, the torque transmission structure 14 is wrapped inside the weight on bit transmission structure 13, and the weight on bit transmission structure 13 is overlapped with the deflection center of the torque transmission structure 14, so that the length of the transmission unit 1 is further shortened, and a higher build-up rate is realized.
As shown in fig. 1, when the bit pressure transmission structure is disposed at the front and rear sides of the torque transmission structure, the mandrel 12 and the torque transmission structure are seated inside the drill collar housing 11 through the bit pressure transmission structure, the transmission unit at least includes a front sliding disc set 18 and a rear sliding disc set 19, the front sliding disc set 18 is disposed at the input end of the torque transmission structure, and the rear sliding disc set is disposed at the front end of the torque transmission structure; the front sliding plate group and the rear sliding plate group both comprise an outer fixed plate and an inner fixed plate, the outer fixed plate is fixed on the drill collar shell, and the inner fixed plate is fixed on the mandrel; the first sliding surface 1311 and the second sliding surface 1312 are respectively opposite contact surfaces of the inner fixing disc 192 and the outer fixing disc 191 of the rear sliding disc set; the third sliding surface 1321 and the fourth sliding surface 1322 are opposite abutting surfaces of the outer fixed disk 182 and the inner fixed disk 181 of the front sliding disk group, respectively. The special advantage is that the weight-on-bit transmission structure is arranged on the front side and the rear side of the torque transmission structure.
When the drill bit is borne, the second slip surface 1312 is tightly attached to the first slip surface 1311, and the drill bit is directly transmitted from the mandrel 12 to the drill collar housing 11 and further to the mandrel 22 of the front adjacent transmission unit 2. When the high-reliability flexible drill rod is lifted or taken out, the bit pressure transmission structure is under the action of tensile force, the third slip surface 1321 is tightly attached to the fourth slip surface 1322, and the mandrel 12 drives the drill collar shell 11 backwards.
In this case, the second slip surface 1312 and the first slip surface 1311 are spherical surfaces that are convex forward, the third slip surface 1321 and the fourth slip surface 1322 are spherical surfaces that are convex rearward, and the spherical centers of the spherical surfaces all coincide with each other and with the center of the universal joint of the torque transmission structure 14.
Example 2
Unlike the above embodiments, the present embodiment specifically shows another specific structure of the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13:
as shown in fig. 2 to 3, in a preferred arrangement of the weight-on-bit transmission structure 13 according to the present invention, the direction indicated by the arrow is forward, the first slip plane 1311 of the first slip plane set 131 is provided on the rear surface of the first slip disk 15, the second slip plane 1312 of the first slip plane set 131 is provided on the front surface of the spherical slip disk 17, the third slip plane 1321 of the second slip plane set 132 is provided on the rear surface of the spherical slip disk 17, and the fourth slip plane 1322 of the second slip plane set 132 is provided on the front surface of the second slip disk 16. Namely, the first sliding tray 15, the spherical sliding tray 17 and the second sliding tray 16 are sequentially attached from front to back, the first sliding tray 15 and the second sliding tray 16 are fixed to the collar housing 11, and the spherical sliding tray 17 is fixed to the mandrel 12, or vice versa. When the drill pressure from the rear of the transmission unit is borne, the second sliding surface 1312 is tightly attached to the first sliding surface 1311, and the drill pressure is directly transmitted from the mandrel 12 to the drill collar shell 11 and further transmitted to the mandrel 22 of the front adjacent transmission unit 2. When the high-reliability flexible drill pipe is lifted or taken out, due to the influence of gravity or other factors, the third sliding surface 1321 and the fourth sliding surface 1322 are tightly attached, and then the mandrel 12 drives the drill collar housing 11 backwards.
Preferably, the spherical sliding plate 17 is a forward convex disc structure to increase the stability of weight on bit transmission. The corresponding first sliding surface 1311, second sliding surface 1312, third sliding surface 1321 and fourth sliding surface 1322 are all forward convex spherical structures, and the spherical centers of the spherical structures are always coincident. The centre of sphere is preferably located behind the second sliding disk.
In this case, the torque transmission structure should be disposed behind the weight-on-bit transmission structure such that the center thereof coincides with the center of the weight-on-bit transmission structure.
The torque transmission structure 14 is a universal joint capable of transmitting torque, preferably a constant velocity universal joint, and an input end of the universal joint is fixed to the spindle 12 or the spindle 12 is an input end of the constant velocity universal joint; the output end of the constant velocity universal joint is fixed on the drill collar shell 11 or the drill collar shell 11 is the output end of the constant velocity universal joint. Namely, the universal joints can be independently arranged, and the universal joint structure required by integrally matching the outer surface of the mandrel 12 and the inner surface of the drill collar shell 11 can be optimally designed to shorten the axial length of the transmission unit as much as possible.
The universal joint may be a ball and socket type torque transmitting structure and/or a keyway type torque transmitting structure and/or a gear and tooth socket type torque transmitting structure. As long as it is capable of transmitting torque directly from the mandrel 12 to the collar housing 11, and vice versa (i.e., transmitting torque from the collar housing 11 to the mandrel 12), within a maximum deflection angle (e.g., 8 ° or 5 °) that can be produced between the axis of the mandrel 12 and the axis of the collar housing 11.
Preferably, the ball-and-socket type torque transmission structure has a same operation principle as that of the birfield type constant velocity universal joint, or the ball-and-socket type torque transmission structure has a same operation principle as that of the birfield type constant velocity universal joint.
The ball and socket type torque transmitting structure includes a plurality of pairs (e.g., 3 or 4 pairs) of cooperating torque transmitting balls 141 and ball sockets 142. The torque transmission ball 141 moves in the ball groove 142, and the length of the ball groove 142 is larger than the diameter of the torque transmission ball, so that the torque transmission ball can generate space shaking in the ball groove, and when the axis of the mandrel and the axis of the drill collar shell deflect, the torque transmission ball cannot be blocked at the edge of the ball groove within the deflection limit range. And the distance that the torque transmission ball 141 can move back and forth in the ball groove 142 is greater than the lubrication gap of the spherical sliding plate 17 sliding between the first sliding plate 15 and the second sliding plate 16, and the distance from the center of the ball of each torque transmission ball 141 to the center of the universal joint is equal and smaller than the distance from the first pair of sliding surfaces 131 and the second pair of sliding surfaces 132 to the center of the universal joint. So that the torque transmission ball 141 is not subjected to weight-on-bit and/or axial tension when weight-on-bit and/or axial tension is generated.
Preferably, the ball groove 142 shown in fig. 1 opens on the mandrel 12 and the ball seat 111 fixed to the collar housing 11, so that the collar housing 11 is the input end of the gimbal, and the mandrel 12 is the output end of the gimbal, or vice versa. The torque transmission ball 141 is isolated from the external annulus by the elastic sealing element 6 and the dynamic sealing surface 7, so that other drilling impurities cannot enter the ball groove 142, the torque transmission precision is influenced, and meanwhile, the restoring force which enables the mandrel 12 and the drill collar shell 11 to keep coaxial trend can be provided to a certain extent.
Preferably, a lubrication clearance between the sliding surfaces of the first sliding surface set 131 and/or the second sliding surface set 132 is less than 1 mm, so as to further improve the stability of torque and rotating pressure transmission.
Preferably, the maximum deflection angle of the axis of the mandrel 12 relative to the axis of the collar housing 11 is not more than 8 °, i.e., the limit deflection angle of the input and output ends of the constant velocity joint is not more than 8 °. So as to protect the torque transmission structure 13 and the weight-on-bit transmission structure 14 from the overall length of one transmission unit being too long due to an excessively large deflection angle, so as to improve the build rate of a short-radius or ultra-short-radius well. In the embodiment, the high-reliability flexible drill pipe can be connected with a plurality of transmission units in series, and the weight and the torque can be easily transmitted in a borehole with the curvature of 5-50 degrees/meter.
Preferably, the distance that the torque transmission ball 141 can move back and forth in the ball groove 142 is greater than the lubrication gap between the sliding surfaces of the front sliding disk set 17 and the rear sliding disk set 18, and the distance from the ball center of each torque transmission ball 141 to the center of the universal joint is equal and less than the distance from the first pair of sliding surfaces 131 and the second pair of sliding surfaces 132 to the center of the universal joint. So that the torque transmission ball 141 is not subjected to weight-on-bit and/or axial tension when weight-on-bit and/or axial tension is generated.
Preferably, a through structure 121 with the same diameter is opened inside the mandrel 12 of the transmission unit 1, and an electric circuit 3 is arranged inside the through structure 121;
the mandrel 12 has an axial gap 4 with the mandrel 22 of the adjacent transmission unit 2 so as to enable the mandrel 12 to deflect axially relative to the drill collar shell 11; at least at the position where the axial gap 4 exists, the mandrel 12 is connected with the mandrel 21 of the adjacent transmission unit through an axial flexible jumper tube 5, and the axial flexible jumper tube 5 is arranged inside the through structure, so that drilling circulating media (drilling fluid) are prevented from leaking, and linear axial restoring force is provided for the mandrel 12 after the mandrel 12 is deflected axially relative to the drill collar shell 11.
Preferably, the axial flexible jumper pipe 5 is an elastic pressure-bearing pipe, and the elastic pressure-bearing pipe 5 can penetrate through the main runner and is connected in series with all the transmission units.
Example 3
A high reliability flexible drill, as shown in fig. 4, the constant velocity joints comprise a fluted torque transfer joint. The tooth-groove type torque transmission universal joint comprises a core shaft end torque transmission tooth groove 1431 and a shell end torque transmission tooth groove 1432 which are arranged in a centrosymmetric mode, the core shaft end torque transmission tooth groove 1431 is fixedly connected with a core shaft, the shell end torque transmission tooth groove 1432 is fixedly connected with a drill collar shell, and torque can be transmitted between the drill collar shell and the core shaft through the tooth-groove type torque transmission universal joint. The tooth socket comprises teeth, a key groove and a tooth embedding.
Example 4
A high-reliability flexible drilling tool and a drilling system are shown in figure 5, and comprise the high-reliability flexible drill rod, and lubricating liquid is adopted inside a transmission unit to realize lubrication. Such as lubrication between the first slip surface groups, between the second slip surface groups, and between the torque transmission balls and the ball grooves. The lubricating fluid in the lubricating fluid system mainly refers to lubricating oil and/or lubricating grease. And a plurality of transmission units form one high-reliability flexible drill rod, and the high-reliability flexible drill rods are electrically connected through a conductive slip ring 9. As the high-reliability flexible drill rod can independently transmit the drilling pressure and the torque through the drilling pressure transmission structure 13 and the torque transmission structure 14, the drilling pressure and the torque can be independently transmitted in the drilling process of the drilling tool, the strength requirement of the drilling tool is reduced, the service life is prolonged, the drilling cost is greatly reduced, stable deflection can be realized, and the deflection rate is as high as 15-50 degrees per 10 meters.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (14)

1. A high-reliability flexible drill rod is characterized by comprising a plurality of end-to-end transmission units, wherein each transmission unit comprises a drill collar shell, a mandrel, a drilling pressure transmission structure and a torque transmission structure, one end of each drilling pressure transmission structure is fixed on the drill collar shell, and the other end of each drilling pressure transmission structure is fixed on the mandrel; the bit pressure and the axial tension between the drill collar shell and the mandrel are directly transmitted through the bit pressure transmission structure; one end of the torque transmission structure is fixed on the drill collar shell, and the other end of the torque transmission structure is fixed on the mandrel; torque between the collar housing and the mandrel is transmitted through the torque transmitting structure; the weight-on-bit transmission structure is independent of the torque transmission structure, and the deflection center of the weight-on-bit transmission structure and the deflection center of the torque transmission structure are coincident with each other; one end of the mandrel is fixedly connected with the drill collar shell of the adjacent transmission unit or the mandrel and the drill collar shell of the adjacent transmission unit are designed into an integral structure, so that the transmission of the drilling pressure and the torque between the adjacent transmission units is realized.
2. The high reliability flexible drill rod of claim 1, wherein the distance of the torque transfer structure to the deflection center is less than the distance of the weight on bit transfer structure to the deflection center.
3. The high-reliability flexible drill pipe according to claim 1, wherein the weight-on-bit transmission structure at least comprises a first sliding surface group for bearing axial pressure, the first sliding surface group comprises a first sliding surface fixed on the drill collar shell and a second sliding surface fixed on the mandrel, and the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface are mutually attached and can relatively slide around the deflection center, so that the direction of axial pressure transmission can be deflected without loss or with low loss when the axes of the drill collar shell and the mandrel are deflected;
the bit pressure transmission structure further comprises a second sliding surface group used for bearing axial tension, the second sliding surface group comprises a third sliding surface fixed on the mandrel and a fourth sliding surface fixed on the drill collar shell, the third sliding surface and the fourth sliding surface are mutually attached and can surround the deflection center to relatively slide, so that when the axis of the drill collar shell and the axis of the mandrel deflect, the direction of the axial tension transmission can deflect without loss or with low loss.
4. The high-reliability flexible drill rod as claimed in claim 3, wherein the transmission unit at least comprises a front sliding disc set and a rear sliding disc set, the front sliding disc set is arranged at the front end of the torque transmission structure, and the rear sliding disc set is arranged at the rear end of the torque transmission structure; the front sliding disc set and the rear sliding disc set respectively comprise an outer fixed disc and an inner fixed disc, the outer fixed disc is fixed on the drill collar shell, and the inner fixed disc is fixed on the mandrel; the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface are respectively opposite binding surfaces of an inner fixed disk and an outer fixed disk of the rear sliding disk group; the third sliding surface and the fourth sliding surface are respectively opposite binding surfaces of an outer fixed disk and an inner fixed disk of the front sliding disk set.
5. The high reliability flexible drill rod of claim 3, wherein the transmission unit comprises a first sliding tray, a second sliding tray and a spherical sliding tray, the spherical sliding tray is fixed on the mandrel, and the second sliding surface and the third sliding surface are respectively a front surface and a rear surface of the spherical sliding tray; the first sliding plate is fixed on the drill collar shell, the first sliding surface is arranged on the rear surface of the first sliding plate, the second sliding plate is fixed on the drill collar shell, the fourth sliding surface is arranged on the front surface of the second sliding plate, and the first sliding plate, the second sliding plate and the spherical sliding plate slide by taking the deflection center of the drill collar shell and the deflection center of the mandrel as the center.
6. The high reliability flexible drill rod according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the torque transmission structure comprises a constant velocity joint, an input end of which is fixed to the mandrel or the mandrel is the input end of the constant velocity joint; the output end of the constant velocity universal joint is fixed on the drill collar shell or the drill collar shell is the output end of the constant velocity universal joint.
7. The high reliability flexible drill pipe of claim 6, wherein the torque transmission structure is a rzeppa type constant velocity joint comprising a plurality of pairs of sockets and a torque transmission ball moving in the sockets, the length of the sockets being greater than the diameter of the torque transmission ball, so that the torque transmission ball can spatially wobble in the sockets and does not seize at the edges of the sockets in the deflection limit range when the axis of the mandrel and the collar housing are deflected.
8. The high reliability flexible drill rod of claim 7, wherein the distance from the center of the ball of each of the torque transmitting balls to the center of the constant velocity joint is equal and smaller than the distance from the first and second pairs of slip surfaces to the center of the constant velocity joint.
9. The high reliability flexible drill rod of claim 1, wherein the torque transfer structure is a slotted torque transfer structure; the tooth groove type torque transmission structure at least comprises a first tooth groove and a second tooth groove, the first tooth groove is fixed on the mandrel, the second tooth groove is fixed on the drill collar shell, and torque can be transmitted between the drill collar shell and the mandrel through the tooth grooves.
10. The high reliability flexible drill rod of claim 3, wherein the clearance between the slip faces of the first slip face set and/or the second slip face set is less than 1 mm.
11. The high reliability flexible drill rod of claim 1, wherein the maximum angle of deflection that the axis of the mandrel can make with respect to the axis of the collar housing is no more than 8 °.
12. The high reliability flexible drill rod of claim 1, wherein the mandrel is axially gapped from the mandrel of an adjacent transmission unit to facilitate axial deflection of the mandrel relative to the collar housing; and at least at the position with the axial clearance, the mandrel is connected with the mandrel of the adjacent transmission unit through an axial flexible jumper tube, and the axial flexible jumper tube is arranged in the through structure.
13. The high-reliability flexible drill rod according to claim 13, wherein the axial flexible jumper tube is an elastic pressure bearing tube, and the elastic pressure bearing tube penetrates through the main runner and is connected with all the transmission units in series.
14. A high reliability flexible drilling system, comprising the high reliability flexible drill pipe of claim 13 or 14, further comprising an elastic sealing element and/or a dynamic sealing surface, wherein a sealing space is formed between the elastic sealing element and/or the dynamic sealing surface and the axial flexible jumper pipe, and the sealing space is filled with lubricating fluid for realizing the lubrication of the transmission unit.
CN202110362324.XA 2021-04-02 2021-04-02 High-reliability flexible drill rod Pending CN115182682A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110362324.XA CN115182682A (en) 2021-04-02 2021-04-02 High-reliability flexible drill rod
PCT/CN2022/084419 WO2022206896A1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-03-31 High-reliability flexible drill rod

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110362324.XA CN115182682A (en) 2021-04-02 2021-04-02 High-reliability flexible drill rod

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115182682A true CN115182682A (en) 2022-10-14

Family

ID=83458042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110362324.XA Pending CN115182682A (en) 2021-04-02 2021-04-02 High-reliability flexible drill rod

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115182682A (en)
WO (1) WO2022206896A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2403236B (en) * 2003-06-23 2007-03-07 Schlumberger Holdings Drilling tool
CN101832105A (en) * 2010-04-28 2010-09-15 李孝勇 Method for well drilling and cementing of radial horizontal well with ultra-short radius and equipment thereof
CN102606073A (en) * 2012-04-06 2012-07-25 西安石油大学 Guide mechanism for directing rotary steering drilling tool
CN103775001A (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-05-07 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Flexible drilling rod for radial horizontal well drilling
CN107676040B (en) * 2017-10-12 2020-05-08 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Shell guide type deflecting drilling tool
CN110617011A (en) * 2019-06-06 2019-12-27 万晓跃 Rotary steering drilling tool based on weight-on-bit steering transmission structure
CN112392410B (en) * 2020-11-18 2023-03-24 万晓跃 Flexible electric connection drill column
CN215213337U (en) * 2021-04-02 2021-12-17 万晓跃 High-reliability flexible drill rod and drilling system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2022206896A1 (en) 2022-10-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6203435B1 (en) Drilling motor coupler
US5135059A (en) Borehole drilling motor with flexible shaft coupling
CN112392410B (en) Flexible electric connection drill column
US10508493B2 (en) Universal joint
US10288065B1 (en) Mud motor coupling system
EP3140491B1 (en) Mud motor transmission
US20170370420A1 (en) Universal Joint
US10337261B2 (en) Universal joint
US10221894B2 (en) Universal joint
US10975623B2 (en) High torque constant velocity joint for downhole drilling power transmission
CN215213337U (en) High-reliability flexible drill rod and drilling system
CN104870739A (en) Double shaft drilling apparatus with hanger bearings
CN212508131U (en) Rotary guide device
US5527220A (en) Articulatable joint with multi-faceted ball and socket
CN115182682A (en) High-reliability flexible drill rod
CN112049570A (en) Rotary steering composite drilling device and drilling method thereof
CN111173452B (en) Static bias rotary steering drilling tool with sandwich cylinder structure
CN105473806A (en) Downhole adjustable bent motor
US20220325584A1 (en) Drive Shaft Assembly for Downhole Drilling and Method for Using Same
CN107165935B (en) Force transmission joint bearing of dynamic directional rotary steering drilling tool
WO2014107813A1 (en) System, method and apparatus for a flexible joint for a downhole drilling motor
CA2981799C (en) Constant-velocity joint with surface contact forks
RU80494U1 (en) TURBO-DECLINER
CN111911546A (en) Spherical double-slider universal coupling
RU34664U1 (en) Coupling

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination