CN115175056B - Shell of sound generating device, sound generating device with shell and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Shell of sound generating device, sound generating device with shell and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115175056B CN115175056B CN202210778742.1A CN202210778742A CN115175056B CN 115175056 B CN115175056 B CN 115175056B CN 202210778742 A CN202210778742 A CN 202210778742A CN 115175056 B CN115175056 B CN 115175056B
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- housing
- shell
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- functional
- cavity
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
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- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- -1 aliphatic secondary amine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 abstract 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)C(O)=O PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001951 carbamoylamino group Chemical group C(N)(=O)N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- ODYNBECIRXXOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butylbutan-1-amine;hydron;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[NH2+]CCCC ODYNBECIRXXOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
- H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/02—Details casings, cabinets or mounting therein for transducers covered by H04R1/02 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shell of a sound generating device, the sound generating device and electronic equipment with the same, wherein the shell is provided with a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity, a part of the shell corresponding to the rear sound cavity is formed into a rear cavity shell, at least one part of the rear cavity shell is formed into a functional shell, the functional shell is at least made of polyurethane aerogel material, the density of the functional shell is 0.08g/cm 3-1.5g/cm3, the inside of the functional shell is provided with a cellular structure with the pore diameter of 8nm-300 mu m, the cellular structure comprises mesopores with the pore diameter of 8nm-50nm, and the pore volume of the mesopores is more than 10%. According to the shell of the sound production device, a large number of through tiny gaps are formed in the functional shell prepared from the polyurethane aerogel material, and the functional shell has good sound absorption performance and sound production effect of the sound production device by controlling the density, the size of a cell structure and the pore volume ratio of the polyurethane aerogel material, and the polyurethane aerogel material has good strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance and can improve the structural strength of the shell.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the technical field of electroacoustic devices, and more particularly, to a housing of a sound generating device, a sound generating device having the housing of the sound generating device, and an electronic device having the sound generating device.
Background
The application of the loudspeaker in daily life is more and more widespread, and users require a micro-quantization and light-weight design for the loudspeaker structure, so that the volume of the acoustic rear cavity of the loudspeaker is reduced.
At present, the most common way of forming loudspeaker housings is to injection mold the plastic housing required for the product in a mold. The thickness of the existing injection molding shell is generally high, so that the product quality is high, the space of the rear cavity is reduced, and the low-frequency performance of the product is poor; meanwhile, the strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other performances of the injection molding shell are poor, and the use requirements of consumers are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a housing for a sound generating device, which has the advantages of high strength, good sound absorbing effect and high corrosion resistance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a sound generating apparatus comprising the housing of the sound generating apparatus.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic apparatus comprising the above sound emitting device.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
According to the shell of the sound generating device of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the shell has a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity, a portion of the shell corresponding to the rear sound cavity is formed as a rear cavity shell, at least a portion of the rear cavity shell is formed as a functional shell, the functional shell is made of at least polyurethane aerogel material, the density of the functional shell is 0.08g/cm 3-1.5g/cm3, the interior of the functional shell has a cell structure with a pore diameter between 8nm and 300 μm, wherein the cell structure contains mesopores with a pore diameter between 8nm and 50nm, and the pore volume of the mesopores is more than 10%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the polyurethane aerogel material contains urethane groups therein.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the molecular chain of the polyurethane aerogel material contains soft segments and hard segments, the soft segments are alternately arranged with the hard segments, the soft segments have a molecular weight of greater than 1500, and the soft segments account for 1% -40% of the molecular chain of the polyurethane aerogel material.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the soft segment contains a polyol that is at least one of a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, a polymer polyol and a polyurea polyol, and a small molecule chain extender; and/or the hard segment contains at least one of isocyanate, polyol, aromatic diamine, aliphatic secondary amine containing benzene ring and alcohol amine.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the functional housing has a specific surface area of 50m 2/g-500m2/g.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the functional shell has a modulus density ratio of 1GPa cm 3/g-30GPa·cm3/g.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the functional shell has a density of 0.08g/cm 3-1.5g/cm3.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the functional housing has a thickness of 0.2mm-5mm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the functional shell further comprises a reinforcing material, wherein the reinforcing material accounts for 0-60% of the total weight of the functional shell.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the reinforcing material is a reinforcing fiber and/or reinforcing particles, wherein the reinforcing fiber is at least one of a chopped fiber and a continuous fiber, and the reinforcing particles are at least one of inorganic particles boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon black, or metal particles.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the rear cavity shell further comprises a main body part, and the main body part is bonded with the functional shell or integrally formed into the rear cavity shell, wherein the main body part is prepared from at least one of PC and modified materials thereof, PA and modified materials thereof, PPS and modified materials thereof, PP and modified materials thereof, ABS and modified materials thereof, LCP and modified materials thereof, PEI and modified materials thereof, phenolic resin and modified materials thereof, epoxy resin and modified materials thereof, unsaturated polyester and modified materials thereof, stainless steel and aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and metal matrix composite.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the rear housing is integrally formed from the functional housing.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the part of the shell corresponding to the front acoustic cavity is a front cavity shell, the front cavity shell is bonded with the rear cavity shell, and the front cavity shell is prepared from at least one of PC and its modified material, PA and its modified material, PPS and its modified material, PP and its modified material, ABS and its modified material, LCP and its modified material, PEI and its modified material, phenolic resin and its modified material, epoxy resin and its modified material, unsaturated polyester and its modified material, stainless steel and aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and metal matrix composite.
According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a sound emitting device includes: the housing of the sound generating apparatus according to the above embodiment; the sound production monomer is arranged in the shell, and the sound production monomer is matched with the shell to divide the internal cavity of the shell into the front sound cavity and the rear sound cavity.
An electronic device according to a third aspect of the present invention includes the sound emitting apparatus according to the above-described embodiment.
According to the shell of the sound generating device, at least one part of the shell of the rear cavity is provided with the functional shell made of the polyurethane aerogel material, a large number of through tiny gaps are formed in the functional shell made of the polyurethane aerogel material, and the functional shell has good sound absorption performance by controlling the density, the size of a cell structure and the pore volume ratio of the polyurethane aerogel material, so that the sound generating effect of the sound generating device can be improved, and the polyurethane aerogel material has good strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, so that the strength and the reliability of the shell can be improved.
Other features of the present invention and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph comparing IMP curves of the housing provided in example 1 and the housing provided in comparative example according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a sound generating device 100;
a housing 10; a front cavity housing 11; a front acoustic cavity 111; a rear cavity housing 12; a rear acoustic cavity 121;
Sound producing unit 20.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
The housing 10 of the sound generating apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the housing 10 of the sound generating apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has a front sound cavity 111 and a rear sound cavity 121, a portion of the housing 10 corresponding to the rear sound cavity 121 is formed as a rear cavity housing 12, at least a portion of the rear cavity housing 12 is formed as a functional housing made of at least polyurethane aerogel material, the functional housing has a density of 0.08g/cm 3-1.5g/cm3, and has a cell structure having a pore diameter of between 8nm and 300 μm inside the functional housing, wherein the cell structure includes mesopores having a pore diameter of between 8nm and 50nm, and a pore volume of the mesopores is more than 10%.
In other words, the sound generating device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the housing 10 and the sound generating unit 20 disposed in the housing 10, and the sound generating unit 20 cooperates with the housing 10 to define the front sound cavity 111 and the rear sound cavity 121, wherein the housing structure capable of defining the rear sound cavity 121 is the rear cavity housing 12. A portion of the rear chamber housing 12 may be a functional housing made of polyurethane aerogel material, or may be a functional housing made entirely of polyurethane aerogel material.
The functional shell prepared from the polyurethane aerogel material is internally provided with a plurality of through tiny gaps, the tiny gaps form a cell structure, the density of the functional shell with the cell structure can be controlled between 0.08g/cm 3-1.5g/cm3, such as 0.08g/cm3、0.1g/cm3、0.2g/cm3、0.8g/cm3、1g/cm3、1.5g/cm3, and the like, the pore diameter of the cell structure can be controlled between 8nm and 300 mu m, such as 8nm, 20nm, 50nm, 100nm, 1 mu m, 10 mu m, 100 mu m, 300 mu m, and the like. The cell structure may comprise a plurality of mesopores, the size of which is controlled between 8nm and 50nm, for example, 8nm, 10nm, 15nm, 20nm, 40nm, 50nm, etc., and the pore volume ratio of the mesopores is more than 10%, specifically, 11%, 15%, 20%, etc.
The polyurethane aerogel material is a solid material with large porosity and high specific surface area, and the volume of the solid material is mostly composed of air. The outer shell 10 made of polyurethane aerogel materials not only has better rigidity, but also has lighter weight, so that the practicability of the acoustic assembly is stronger.
The polyurethane aerogel is a polar material, and in the preparation process, the polyurethane aerogel has better water compatibility, smaller pore diameter in the polyurethane aerogel, larger strength and pore structure adjusting range and more obvious sound absorption improving effect. In the use process of the shell 10 of the sound generating device 100, incident sound waves reach the surface of the polyurethane aerogel material and enter the cell structure, so that air in holes and the functional shell frame vibrate, acoustic energy is lost, the aperture and the aperture span of the polyurethane aerogel are large, the aperture and the aperture span can be ensured to be in a proper value, sound absorption of the functional shell prepared from the polyurethane aerogel material is facilitated, and even if the sound waves pass through the polyurethane aerogel material, reflection is formed on the rigid wall of the functional shell to perform secondary sound absorption, so that a good sound absorption effect is achieved. The method is applied to the loudspeaker, can reduce the resonant frequency of the loudspeaker, improve the performance of the loudspeaker in a low frequency band, and can make the size design of the loudspeaker smaller.
In addition, the polyurethane aerogel material also has the advantages of wear resistance and corrosion resistance, so that the functional shell prepared from the polyurethane aerogel material also has the corresponding advantages, namely the functional shell has stronger wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and the product reliability is higher.
Thus, according to the housing 10 of the sound generating device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the rear cavity housing 12 is configured as the functional housing made of the polyurethane aerogel material, and a large number of through micro gaps are formed inside the functional housing made of the polyurethane aerogel material, so that the functional housing has good sound absorbing performance by controlling the density, the size of the cell structure and the pore volume ratio of the polyurethane aerogel material, the sound generating effect of the sound generating device 100 can be improved, and the polyurethane aerogel material has good strength and wear and corrosion resistance, thereby improving the structural strength and reliability of the housing 10.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the polyurethane aerogel material contains urethane groups. The carbamate group has good strength and excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, so that the functional shell prepared from the polyurethane aerogel material containing the carbamate group has stronger rigidity, and has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, so that the product reliability is higher.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the molecular chain of the polyurethane aerogel material comprises soft segments and hard segments, the soft segments and the hard segments are alternately arranged, the soft segments have a molecular weight of greater than 1500, and the soft segments comprise 1% to 40% of the molecular chain of the polyurethane aerogel material.
That is, the preparation material of the functional shell in the housing 10 of the sound emitting device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention contains the polyurethane aerogel material, the molecular chain of the polyurethane aerogel material is composed of soft segments and hard segments alternately arranged, and the molecular chain of the soft segments is greater than 1500, and at the same time, the molecular weight of the soft segments in the molecular chain is between 1% and 40%, for example, the molecular weight of the soft segments in the molecular chain may be 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, etc.
Therefore, by controlling the arrangement of the soft segment and the hard segment of the molecular chain of the polyurethane aerogel material and changing the proportion of the soft segment in the molecular chain segment and the molecular weight of the soft segment, the pore volume ratio of the mesopores of the functional shell prepared from the polyurethane aerogel material can be controlled, so that the sound absorption performance and the structural strength of the shell 10 prepared from the polyurethane aerogel material can be adjusted.
Alternatively, according to some embodiments of the invention, the soft segment contains a polyol that is at least one of a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, a polymer polyol and a polyurea polyol, and a small molecule chain extender; and/or the hard segment contains at least one of isocyanate, polyol, aromatic diamine, aliphatic secondary amine containing benzene ring and alcohol amine.
In other words, the soft segments in the molecular chain of the polyurethane aerogel material according to the embodiment of the present invention may be composed of a polyol including a polyester polyol (adipic acid-based polyester diol, aromatic polyester polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, polycarbonate diol), a polyether polyol (polyether diol, polyether triol, polyether polyol, polymer polyol and polyurea polyol, small molecule chain extender, etc., wherein the soft segments are preferably polyester triols having a molecular weight of more than 1500 and a functional group of more than 2, polyester polyols.
Therefore, the soft segment molecular chain formed by the groups is softer, the polymer chain is wound, the formed polymer pore canal is complex and changeable, the polymer pore canal has a smaller pore diameter and a cell structure, the size of the medium Kong Zhanbi is large, and the sound absorption effect of the polyurethane aerogel material is better.
The polar groups in the hard segment in the molecular chain of the polyurethane aerogel material can be carbamate, ureido and the like, and the polar groups improve the molecular cohesive energy of the polyurethane aerogel material, so that the polymer has stronger rigidity.
In some embodiments of the invention, the functional shell has a specific surface area of 50m 2/g-500m2/g.
The specific surface area of the functional shell refers to the total area of the functional shell under unit mass, and the area contains the area of pores in the polyurethane aerogel material. In the speaker field, the larger the specific surface area of the speaker housing 10, the denser the surface of the housing 10, and when an incident sound wave reaches the surface of the material of the housing 10, it is difficult to enter the interior of the housing 10, and the effect of lowering the resonance frequency is difficult to be achieved due to the loss of silent energy. If the specific surface area of the speaker housing 10 is too small, the overall strength of the housing 10 is low, which makes it difficult to satisfy the rigidity requirement and affects the acoustic performance of the speaker. Alternatively, the specific surface area of the functional housing may be 50m2/g、60m2/g、100m2/g、180m2/g、200m2/g、300m2/g、500m2/g or the like.
Therefore, according to the housing 10 of the sound generating device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, by precisely controlling the specific surface area of the functional housing made of the polyurethane aerogel material, the rigidity requirement of the rear cavity housing 12 can be further satisfied, and meanwhile, the F0 resonant frequency can be further reduced, so as to improve the sound generating effect of the sound generating device 100.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the modulus density ratio of the functional housing is 1GPa cm 3/g-30GPa·cm3/g.
Alternatively, in other embodiments of the invention, the functional shell has a density of 0.08g/cm 3-1.5g/cm3.
That is, the modulus density ratio and density of the functional housing may satisfy the above requirements at the same time, or one of the parameters may be controlled to satisfy the above requirements. Alternatively, the modulus density ratio of the functional housing may be 1GPa·cm3/g、2GPa·cm3/g、5GPa·cm3/g、10GPa·cm3/g、20GPa·cm3/g、30GPa·cm3/g or the like. The density of the functional housing may be 0.08g/cm3、0.1g/cm3、0.2g/cm3g、0.4g/cm3、1.0g/cm3、1.5g/cm3、1.5g/cm3 or the like.
Specifically, the modulus density ratio of a product refers to the ratio of the modulus to the mass of the product, and the greater the modulus density ratio, the higher the modulus of the product at the same density. When other reinforcing materials are added in the functional shell, the modulus of the product is increased and the integral density of the product is also enhanced due to the addition of the reinforcing materials, so that the lightweight design of the product can be influenced to a certain extent. In the invention, by controlling the modulus density of the functional shell, not only the modulus of the product can be ensured, but also the resonance can be avoided, and the acoustic performance of the product can be improved.
Because the density of the functional shell directly affects the weight of the functional shell and the whole shell 10, if the density of the functional shell is too low, the rigidity of the whole shell 10 is low, and the rigidity requirement of the shell 10 is difficult to meet; if the density of the functional housing is too high, the overall weight of the housing 10 is large, which is not beneficial to the light and thin design of the product. The invention can reasonably control the weight of the shell 10 on the basis of ensuring the rigidity requirement of the shell 10 by limiting the density of the functional shell within a certain range, thereby further meeting the product design requirement.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the functional housing has a thickness of 0.2mm-5mm. For example, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, etc. are possible. By limiting the thickness of the functional housing, the rigidity and light weight requirements of the product can be further met, improving the designability of the sound emitting device 100.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the functional housing further comprises a reinforcing material, wherein the reinforcing material comprises 0-60% by weight of the total weight of the functional housing.
That is, the ratio of the reinforcing material in the functional case may be 0, that is, the functional case is entirely made of the polyurethane aerogel material, and the ratio of the reinforcing material in the functional case may be 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, etc.
Specifically, the reinforcing material is reinforcing fibers and/or reinforcing particles, wherein the reinforcing fibers are at least one of chopped fibers and continuous fibers, the fiber reinforcing material can also be a fabric or a non-woven fabric, and the reinforcing particles are at least one of inorganic particles boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon black or metal particles.
The increase of the reinforcing material can increase the modulus of the product to a certain extent, and the use amount of the reinforcing material is too low, so that the improvement of the rigidity of the product is not obvious, and the use amount of the reinforcing material is too high, and the acoustic performance of the product can be influenced although the improvement of the rigidity of the product is obvious. According to the housing 10 of the embodiment of the present invention, by selecting appropriate reinforcing fibers or reinforcing particles, the influence of the reinforcing material on the acoustic performance can be reduced on the basis of ensuring the rigidity of the product.
The housing 10 of the sound generating apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be integrally formed of polyurethane aerogel material to form the rear cavity housing 12, that is, the entirety of the rear cavity housing 12 is formed as a functional housing. The rear cavity shell 12 of the structure is integrally made of polyurethane aerogel materials, is convenient to manufacture, can control the rigidity and the light weight degree of the shell 10 more accurately, and improves the designability of the sound generating device 100.
The housing 10 of the sound generating device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be a rear cavity housing 12 formed by two parts of a main body part and a functional housing, and the functional housing and the main body part are assembled by bonding or integrally molding. The main body part can be prepared from at least one of PC and modified materials thereof, PA and modified materials thereof, PPS and modified materials thereof, PP and modified materials thereof, ABS and modified materials thereof, LCP and modified materials thereof, PEI and modified materials thereof, phenolic resin and modified materials thereof, epoxy resin and modified materials thereof, unsaturated polyester and modified materials thereof, stainless steel and aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and metal matrix composite.
Therefore, the shell 10 of the sound generating device 100 according to the embodiment of the invention can be manufactured in various modes, and has strong practicability on the basis of meeting the requirements of rigidity and light weight of products and considering the influence on the acoustic performance.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the rear housing 12 may be comprised entirely of a functional housing. Alternatively, the rear chamber housing 12 may also include a bottom plate and side plates disposed around the bottom plate, the side plates cooperating with the bottom plate to define a portion of the interior chamber of the housing 10, at least one of the bottom plate and the side plates being formed as a functional shell.
That is, the rear chamber housing 12 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be integrally formed as a functional housing, i.e., the entirety of the rear chamber housing 12 may be made of polyurethane aerogel material; the rear cavity shell 12 may also be formed by multiple parts, that is, a bottom plate and multiple side plates, at least one of the multiple side plates and the bottom plate is made of polyurethane aerogel materials, and the specific structure of the rear cavity shell 12 may be reasonably adjusted according to actual use needs, so long as a functional shell at least a part of which is made of polyurethane aerogel materials is satisfied.
Therefore, the rear cavity shell 12 in the shell 10 of the sound generating device 100 is flexible in material use, convenient to prepare and high in practicability.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the portion of the housing 10 corresponding to the front acoustic chamber 111 is a front chamber housing 11, and the front chamber housing 11 is bonded to a rear chamber housing 12. The front cavity shell 11 is made of at least one of PC and its modified material, PA and its modified material, PPS and its modified material, PP and its modified material, ABS and its modified material, LCP and its modified material, PEI and its modified material, phenolic resin and its modified material, epoxy resin and its modified material, unsaturated polyester and its modified material, stainless steel and aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and metal matrix composite.
That is, the housing 10 of the sound generating apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be assembled from the front housing 11 and the rear housing 12, which may be bonded or otherwise assembled. The material of the front chamber housing 11 may be the same as or different from the material of which the main body portion of the rear chamber housing 12 is made.
The sound generating device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the housing 10 of the sound generating device 100 in any of the above embodiments, and the sound generating device 100 further includes the sound generating unit 20 disposed in the housing 10 to perform electroacoustic conversion, so as to implement the sound generating function of the sound generating device 100. At least a portion of the rear cavity housing 12 of the housing 10 is made of the functional housing, so that not only the acoustic performance of the sound generating apparatus 100 can be improved, but also the design requirements of light weight and miniaturization of the sound generating apparatus 100 can be met, and the applicability of the sound generating apparatus 100 in various electronic devices can be improved.
The electronic device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the sound generating apparatus 100 according to the above embodiment, wherein the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a VR (virtual reality) device, an AR (augmented reality) device, a TWS (real wireless bluetooth) headset, a smart speaker, etc., to which the present invention is not limited.
Since the housing 10 of the sound generating apparatus 100 according to the above embodiment of the present invention has the above technical effects, the sound generating apparatus 100 and the electronic device according to the embodiments of the present invention also have the corresponding technical effects, that is, the housing 10 of the sound generating apparatus 100 has better rigidity and lighter weight, and at the same time has excellent high temperature resistant effect, high reliability, and also can reduce the F0 resonant frequency, so that the overall hearing of the product is better.
The housing of the sound emitting device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Before the shell of the sound generating device according to the embodiment of the invention is prepared, firstly, polyurethane wet gel is required to be prepared, and the specific steps for preparing the polyurethane wet gel are as follows:
Weighing a certain amount of polycarbonate polyol and phthalic anhydride polyester polyol, and dehydrating an antioxidant in a three-necked bottle at 100 ℃ and-0.1 Mpa for 2 hours; cooling to 80 ℃, adding metered isophorone diisocyanate and a catalyst, uniformly stirring at a speed of 3000r/min, and then reacting for 1h; adding metered 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1, 4-butanediol, reducing the viscosity after the reaction, adding a catalyst for continuous reaction, and measuring the reaction degree by a hydrochloric acid-di-n-butylamine method; and (3) cooling the prepolymer, adding a metered cross-linking agent, emulsifying a defoaming agent with deionized water, adding a chain extender diluted by the deionized water for chain extension, distilling the stably dispersed aqueous polyurethane emulsion under reduced pressure to remove a solvent, filtering, and sealing and preserving for later use.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the sound generating device is assembled by a housing and a sound generating monomer, wherein the housing adopts a polyurethane aerogel material housing with a soft segment accounting for 20%, and the housing contains carbon fiber as a reinforcing material, and the specific preparation process of the housing is as follows:
1. taking 50g of polyurethane wet gel and carbon fiber with the soft segment accounting for 20% of the molecular chain segment, and uniformly preparing the polyurethane wet gel with the mass fraction of the carbon fiber being 4%.
2. And (3) injecting the polyurethane wet gel prepared in the step (A) into a shell.
3. Freezing the shell prepared in the second step at-40 ℃ for 1h, and drying for 2h under the vacuum degree of less than 100 Pa.
Finally, the carbon fiber polyurethane aerogel shell is obtained.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the sound generating device is assembled by a housing and a sound generating monomer, wherein the housing adopts a polyurethane aerogel material housing with a soft segment ratio of 30%, and the housing contains carbon fibers as reinforcing materials, and the specific preparation process of the housing is as follows:
1. Taking 50g of polyurethane wet gel with the soft segment accounting for 30% of the molecular chain segment and uniformly preparing the polyurethane wet gel with the mass fraction of the carbon fiber being 4%.
2. And (3) injecting the polyurethane wet gel prepared in the step (A) into a shell.
3. Freezing the shell prepared in the second step at-40 ℃ for 1h, and drying for 2h under the vacuum degree of less than 100 Pa.
Finally, the polyurethane aerogel shell is obtained.
Comparative example
In the comparative example, the sound generating device is assembled by a shell and sound generating monomers, wherein the shell adopts polyester resin, and the specific preparation process of the shell is as follows: and (3) placing the polyester resin into a mould for injection molding at 180 ℃, and preserving heat for 2min to form the shell.
The shells prepared in example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1 were subjected to weight, thickness and mesoporous ratio tests, and the shells prepared in example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1 were respectively assembled with sounding monomers to obtain different sounding devices, and each sounding device was respectively subjected to acoustic tests to obtain an actual measurement F0 of each sounding device, and the test results are shown in the following table 1.
Table 1 results of the housing test
| Material | Example 1 | Example 2 | Comparative example |
| Shell weight/mg | 120 | 119 | 500 |
| Shell thickness/mm | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Kong Zhanbi/% | 12 | 14 | 0 |
| F0 | 831 | 811 | 911 |
As can be seen from table 1, the weight of the cases of example 1 and example 2 prepared using the polyurethane aerogel material was 380mg and 381mg lighter than the cases of comparative example prepared using PC, respectively, in the case of the cases having the same shape and thickness, showing that the cases prepared using the polyurethane aerogel material according to the examples of the present invention can satisfy the light weight requirement of the product.
From the point of view of the medium Kong Zhanbi, the mesoporous volume ratio of the shells of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 prepared by adopting the polyurethane aerogel material is obviously larger than that of the medium Kong Zhanbi of the shell prepared by adopting the PC in the comparative example, meanwhile, the medium Kong Zhanbi of the shell of the embodiment 1 with the soft segment molecular chain ratio of 20% in the polyurethane aerogel material is slightly smaller than that of the medium Kong Zhanbi of the shell of the embodiment 2 with the soft segment molecular chain ratio of 30% in the polyurethane aerogel material, which indicates that the soft segment content of the polyurethane aerogel material macromolecule in the embodiment 2 is high, the molecular chain winding is complex and changeable, the pore canal of the polymer is complex and changeable, the cell structure with smaller pore diameter is larger than that of the medium Kong Zhanbi.
From the effect of reducing F0 of the shell, the F0 actually measured by the shell prepared by adopting polyester resin is 911, and the F0 actually measured by the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 prepared by adopting polyurethane aerogel materials are 831 and 811 respectively, which are obviously smaller than the F0 of the shell prepared by adopting polyester resin, the effect of reducing F0 is achieved, the effect of reducing F0 of the shell of the embodiment 2 with higher soft segment molecular chains in the polyurethane aerogel materials is larger than the effect of reducing F0 of the shell of the embodiment 1 with lower soft segment molecular chains in the polyurethane aerogel materials, and the effect of reducing F0 of the shell can be adjusted by adjusting the soft segment molecular chain ratio of the polyurethane aerogel materials in the shell to a certain extent, so that the resonant frequency of the product is reduced, and the sounding effect of the sounding device is improved.
As can be seen from table 1 above, the shells of examples 1 and 2 prepared using the polyurethane aerogel material according to the examples of the present invention have lighter weight, and can provide a larger virtual space, effectively reducing the F0 resonance frequency.
The housings obtained in example 1 and comparative example were assembled with sounding monomers to obtain different sounding devices, and each sounding device was subjected to acoustic test to obtain an IMP (impedance test) graph as shown in fig. 2.
In the IMP graph, the abscissa represents the frequency (Hz) of sound vibration, the ordinate represents the impedance value of sound, and the frequency when the first peak occurs in the impedance value is the resonance frequency F0 of the sound generating apparatus.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the resonance frequency F0 of the sound generating device provided by the embodiment 1 and containing the polyurethane aerogel shell is 800Hz, the resonance frequency of the sound generating device provided by the comparative example and containing the polyester resin (PC) shell is 900Hz, and the embodiment 1 is reduced by 100Hz compared with the comparative example, so that the F0 is effectively reduced, and the bass sound effect of the sound generating device is better.
While certain specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A housing of a sound generating device, characterized in that the housing has a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity, a portion of the housing corresponding to the rear sound cavity is formed as a rear cavity housing, at least a portion of the rear cavity housing is formed as a functional housing made of at least polyurethane aerogel material, the density of the functional housing is 0.08g/cm 3-1.5g/cm3, the interior of the functional housing has a cell structure with a pore diameter of 8nm-300 μm,
Wherein the cell structure comprises mesopores with the pore diameter of 8nm-50nm, and the pore volume of the mesopores is more than 10%.
2. The sound emitting device housing of claim 1, wherein the polyurethane aerogel material comprises urethane groups.
3. The sound emitting device housing of claim 2, wherein the molecular chain of the polyurethane aerogel material comprises soft segments and hard segments, the soft segments are alternately arranged with the hard segments, the molecular weight of the soft segments is greater than 1500, and the soft segments account for 1% -40% of the molecular chain of the polyurethane aerogel material.
4. The sound emitting device housing of claim 3, wherein the soft segment comprises a polyol, the polyol being at least one of a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, a polymer polyol and a polyurea polyol, and a small molecule chain extender;
And/or the hard segment contains at least one of isocyanate, polyol, aromatic diamine, aliphatic secondary amine containing benzene ring and alcohol amine.
5. The sound emitting device housing of claim 1, wherein the functional shell has a specific surface area of 50m 2/g-500m2/g.
6. The sound emitting device housing of claim 1, wherein the functional shell has a modulus density ratio of 1gpa.cm 3/g-30GPa•cm3/g.
7. The sound emitting apparatus housing of claim 1, wherein the functional shell has a thickness of 0.2mm to 5mm.
8. The sound-producing device housing of claim 1, wherein the functional housing further comprises a reinforcing material, and wherein the reinforcing material comprises 0-60% by weight of the total weight of the functional housing.
9. The sound emitting device housing of claim 8, wherein the reinforcing material is reinforcing fibers and/or reinforcing particles, wherein the reinforcing fibers are at least one of chopped fibers and continuous fibers, and the reinforcing particles are at least one of inorganic particles boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon black, or metal particles.
10. The sound emitting device housing of any one of claims 1-9, further comprising a body portion bonded or integrally formed with the functional housing to the rear housing, the body portion being made of at least one of PC and its modified material, PA and its modified material, PPS and its modified material, PP and its modified material, ABS and its modified material, LCP and its modified material, PEI and its modified material, phenolic and its modified material, epoxy and its modified material, unsaturated polyester and its modified material, stainless steel and aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and metal matrix composite.
11. The enclosure of a sound emitting device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the rear housing is entirely comprised of the functional housing.
12. The housing of a sound generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a portion of the housing corresponding to the front acoustic cavity is a front cavity housing, the front cavity housing being bonded to the rear cavity housing, the front cavity housing being made of at least one of PC and its modified material, PA and its modified material, PPS and its modified material, PP and its modified material, ABS and its modified material, LCP and its modified material, PEI and its modified material, phenolic resin and its modified material, epoxy resin and its modified material, unsaturated polyester and its modified material, stainless steel and aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and metal matrix composite.
13. A sound emitting device, comprising:
The housing of a sound emitting device according to any one of claims 1-12;
The sound production monomer is arranged in the shell, and the sound production monomer is matched with the shell to divide the internal cavity of the shell into the front sound cavity and the rear sound cavity.
14. An electronic device comprising the sound emitting apparatus according to claim 13.
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