CN115174700A

CN115174700A - Communication method, device and system

Info

Publication number: CN115174700A
Application number: CN202110291925.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁波; 黄蕾; 谭勤奋
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-18
Filing date: 2021-03-18
Publication date: 2022-10-11

Abstract

A communication method, equipment and system belong to the technical field of communication. In the scheme provided by the application, the node in the OTN system can determine the forwarding information of the output port corresponding to the node indicating the first type, and forward the message according to the forwarding information. Therefore, the nodes in the OTN system do not need to transmit the messages based on the bandwidth exclusive channel, and the utilization rate of the OTN system is improved. The application is used for an OTN system.

Description

Communication method, device and system

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a communication method, device, and system.

Background

An Optical Transport Network (OTN) system is a transport network that uses optical signals to communicate, and devices in the OTN system are connected by optical fibers.

At present, bandwidth exclusive channel technology (also called hard pipe technology) is generally adopted in an OTN system for communication. The bandwidth exclusive channel technology is as follows: an end-to-end communication connection is established for the proprietary service and dedicated bandwidth is allocated.

However, the number of the bandwidth exclusive channels is limited, and each bandwidth exclusive channel only supports end-to-end service data transmission, which results in a low utilization rate of the OTN system.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a communication method, equipment and a system, which can solve the problem of low utilization rate of an OTN system.

In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which is applied to a first node in an OTN system, where the OTN system includes a plurality of nodes, and the first node is any node in the plurality of nodes. The communication method comprises the following steps: the first node firstly determines the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and an output port corresponding to each node; then, the first node determines forwarding information according to the type of each node and an output port corresponding to each node, and forwards a message according to the forwarding information. The plurality of nodes comprise nodes of a first type, and the nodes of the first type are used for converting and forwarding messages; the output port corresponding to each node is as follows: a next hop port from the first node to each of the nodes; the forwarding information is used for indicating: and the node of the first type corresponds to an output port.

The first node is any node in the OTN system, and the present application takes the first node as an example to introduce a communication method executed by a node in the OTN system. The communication method performed by the other nodes in the OTN system may refer to the communication method performed by the first node.

The first type of node may be connected to both nodes outside the OTN system and nodes within the ONT system, and the second type of node is connected only to nodes within the OTN system. The first type of node is used for converting and forwarding the message, and the second type of node is used for forwarding the message but not for converting the message. The node converting the packet may include: and the node packages and combines the messages. The combined message means: all the messages forwarded to the same destination node from the same source node are unpacked and then combined into one message.

For any node in the OTN system, an egress port corresponding to the node is: the first node to the next hop port of the any node. The first node can be in communication connection with any node through the next hop port, and the first node can send a message to any node through the next hop port. When the first node sends a packet to the any node, the packet needs to reach the any node from the first node through the next hop port.

The output port corresponding to any node can be the output port of the first node; when at least one node exists between the first node and the arbitrary node, the egress port corresponding to the arbitrary node may also be an egress port of a certain node in the at least one node. In the embodiment of the present application, an output port corresponding to any node is taken as an output port of the first node as an example.

When the communication method provided by the application is used in the OTN system, each node in the OTN system can determine the forwarding information, and the forwarding information is used for indicating the output port corresponding to the node of the first type. The nodes in the OTN system may also forward the packet according to the forwarding information. Therefore, the nodes in the OTN system do not need to transmit the messages based on the bandwidth exclusive channel, and the utilization rate of the OTN system is improved. In addition, because the node can determine the forwarding information by itself, the forwarding information does not need to be configured on the node by a worker, and the implementation difficulty of the communication method is reduced.

Optionally, at least some of the nodes in the OTN system are connected by an Optical Service Unit (OSU) link. The link between the nodes may also not be an OSU link, for example, the link between the nodes is an ODU link, which is not limited in this application.

Optionally, when the first node determines forwarding information according to the type of each node and the egress port corresponding to each node, the first node may first determine initial information according to the type of each node and the egress port corresponding to each node, and then determine the forwarding information according to the initial information. Wherein the initial information comprises: the identification and the type of each node, and the information of an output port corresponding to each node; the forwarding information includes: the label corresponding to the identifier of the node of the first type and the information of the exit port corresponding to the node of the first type.

The label corresponding to the identifier of the forwarding information node (referred to as the label of the node) may be the same as or different from the identifier of the node.

The information of the egress port in the forwarding information may be the same as or different from the information of the egress port in the initial information.

Optionally, the plurality of nodes comprises: the second node is directly connected with the first node, the third node is connected with the first node through the second node, and the information of the output port corresponding to the third node in the initial information comprises: an identification of the second node; when the type of the second node is the first type, the information of the egress port corresponding to the second node in the target route forwarding information includes: the initial routing initial information comprises information of an output port corresponding to the second node; when the type of the third node is the first type, the information of the egress port corresponding to the third node in the target route forwarding information includes: and the initial routing initial information comprises information of an output port corresponding to the second node.

Optionally, before determining the type of each node in the multiple nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node, the first node may further determine the identifier of the second node by sending a first packet to the second node and receiving a second packet sent by the second node. The second node belongs to at least part of direct-connected nodes of the first node in the OTN system, a packet header of the first packet carries a label of the first node and a label of the second node, and a load part of the first packet carries an identifier of the first node; the packet header of the second packet carries the label of the first node and the label of the second node, and the load part of the second packet carries the identifier of the second node. It can be seen that, communication connection may be established between direct connection nodes in the OTN system, and then the forwarding information may be determined based on the communication connection. The establishment of communication connection between nodes is also called the establishment of a neighbor relationship, so that nodes directly connected with each other are neighbor nodes.

Optionally, before determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node, the first node may further receive information of the other node sent by the other node, and send the information of the first node to the other node; wherein the other nodes are nodes except the first node in the plurality of nodes, and the information of each node is used for indicating: the type of each node, and/or an egress port of each node connected to a directly connected node thereof, where the directly connected node belongs to the OTN system. In this case, when determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node, the first node may determine the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node directly according to the information of the plurality of nodes.

In the above description, all nodes in the OTN system are independent nodes, and optionally, part of the nodes in the OTN system may also be located in a node group. For example, the plurality of nodes further include a second type of node, and the second type of node is used for forwarding a packet; the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group, and an independent node located outside the at least one node group, the node group including: a master node of the second type and at least one slave node of the first type.

In one case, the first node is a master node in a target node group. At this time, before the first node determines the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node, if the plurality of nodes include other master nodes except the first node, the first node may receive information of a node group where the other master nodes are located, where the information is sent by the other master nodes; the first node may also receive information of the independent node sent by the independent node. Wherein the information of each node group of the at least one node group is used for indicating: the type of the node in each node group, and/or an output port of the node in each node group connected with a direct connection node thereof, wherein the direct connection node belongs to the OTN system; the information of the independent node is used for indicating that: the type of the independent node, and/or an output port of the independent node connected with the direct-connected node. The first node may further send information of the at least one node group and information of the independent node to a slave node in the target node group, and send information of the target node group to the independent node; when the plurality of nodes includes the other master node, the first node may further transmit information of the target node group to the other master node. At this time, when the first node determines the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node, the first node may determine the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node according to the information of the at least one node group and the information of the independent node.

In another case, the first node is a slave node in a target node group; at this time, before determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to the each node, the first node may receive information of the plurality of nodes sent by the master node in the target node group, where the information of each node is used to indicate: the type of each node, and/or an egress port of each node connected to a directly connected node thereof, where the directly connected node belongs to the OTN system. When the first node determines the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node, the first node may determine the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node according to the information of the plurality of nodes.

In yet another case, the first node is the independent node; at this time, before determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node, the first node may receive information of a node group where the master node is located, which is sent by the master node in the plurality of nodes, and information of other independent nodes, which is sent by other independent nodes; the first node may also send information of the first node to a master node of the plurality of nodes and the other independent nodes. Wherein the information of each node group in the at least one node group is used for indicating: the type of each node in each node group, and/or an egress port of each node in each node group, which is connected to a direct-connected node thereof, where the direct-connected node belongs to the OTN system; the other independent nodes are nodes except the first node in the plurality of independent nodes; the information of the independent node is used for indicating that: the type of the independent node, and/or an output port of the independent node connected with the direct-connected node. When the first node determines the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node, the first node may determine the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node according to the information of the at least one node group and the information of the plurality of independent nodes.

Alternatively, multiple nodes in the same node group may be located in the same communication device, and each individual node may be located in a separate device. For example, multiple nodes in the same node group may be located in Provider Edge (PE) devices, and each independent node may be located in a provider (P) device.

In a second aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which is applied to a first node in an OTN system, where the OTN system includes a plurality of nodes, and the first node is any node in the plurality of nodes, and the communication apparatus includes: means for performing any one of the communication methods provided by the first aspect.

In a third aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, including: a processor and a memory, the memory having a program stored therein; the processor is configured to invoke a program stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the communication method as designed in any of the first aspects.

In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes at least one node including any one of the communication apparatuses provided in the second or third aspect.

Optionally, the communication device comprises: a master node and a slave node in the target node group; the optical transport network OTN system in which the communication device is located includes a plurality of nodes, where the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group and an independent node located outside the at least one node group, and the node group includes: the system comprises a main node of a second type and at least one slave node of a first type, wherein the node of the first type is used for converting and forwarding a message, and the node of the second type is used for forwarding the message; the target node group belongs to the at least one node group.

Optionally, the communication device comprises: an independent node; the optical transport network OTN system in which the communication device is located includes a plurality of nodes, where the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group and an independent node located outside the at least one node group, and the node group includes: the node of the first type is used for converting and forwarding the message, and the node of the second type is used for forwarding the message.

In a fifth aspect, an optical transport network OTN system is provided, including: a plurality of nodes comprising any one of the communication devices provided in the second or third aspects.

In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, having stored therein instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform any one of the communication methods as provided in the first aspect.

For the effects of the second aspect to the sixth aspect, reference may be made to the effect designed in the first aspect, and details of the effect are not repeated herein.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another communication scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an OTN system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an LSP provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a packet forwarded by a node in an OTN system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flooding process of information of a node according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a flooding process for one type of information provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a flooding process of egress port information according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating initial information provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a flowchart of a method for a first node to establish a communication connection with a second node according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a neighbor discovery packet according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a first packet according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second packet according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a third packet according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a peer ID provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of another LSP provided in this embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a node group according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 19 is a block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 20 is a block diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the principle and technical solution of the present application clearer, a communication method, a device and a system provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In a conventional OTN system, a bandwidth exclusive channel technology (also referred to as a hard pipe technology) is generally used for communication. In a communication system adopting a bandwidth exclusive channel technology, an end-to-end communication connection is established for a special service, and a dedicated bandwidth is allocated. The communication connection is a bandwidth exclusive channel, also called a hard pipe. One bandwidth exclusive channel in the OTN system provides a dedicated communication service for a designated pair of nodes.

In one scheme, a bandwidth exclusive channel in the OTN system is an Optical Data Unit (ODU) link. The ODU link may be established in a static configuration manner or in an Automatic Switched Optical Network (ASON) manner.

As shown in fig. 1, a node 1 has a slot (slot) 1, a node 2 has a slot 2, and an ODU link 1 is provided between the slot 1 and the slot 2, and the ODU link 1 is used for providing a dedicated communication service for a designated pair of nodes (such as a source node and a destination node, which is not shown in fig. 1). The source node may send the packet to the node 1, the node 1 may transmit the packet to the node 2 along the ODU link 1, and the node 2 sends the packet to the destination node.

However, each ODU link can only be used to provide communication service for a fixed node, and the utilization rate of the OTN system is low. Moreover, since the bandwidth of the ODU link is large, for example, the minimum bandwidth of the ODU link reaches giga, the number of ODU links in the OTN system is small under the condition that the bandwidth that the OTN system can support is limited. Moreover, each ODU link needs to be established in a static configuration manner or an ASON manner, so that the ODU link establishment efficiency is low.

In another scheme, the bandwidth exclusive channel in the OTN system is an OSU link. Like the ODU link, the OSU link may also be established in a statically configured manner or in an ASON manner. The OSU link is a division of the ODU link, and one ODU link may include a plurality of OSU links.

As shown in fig. 2, the ODU link 1 in fig. 1 may be divided into an OSU link 1 and an OSU link 2, each OSU link being used to provide a dedicated communication service for a specific pair of nodes. For example, OSU link 1 provides proprietary communication services for node a and node B. Node a may send a message to node 1, node 1 may transmit the message along OSU link 1 to node 2, and node 2 may send the message to node B.

However, each OSU link can only be used to provide communication services to fixed nodes. In addition, the bandwidth of the OSU link is smaller, for example, the minimum bandwidth of the OSU link reaches 2 megabits, the number of OSU links that can be established in the OTN system is larger than the number of ODU links, however, each OSU link needs to be established in a static configuration manner or an ASON manner, and the number of OSU links is larger, so the efficiency of establishing the OSU link is lower.

According to the above, the bandwidth exclusive channel can only be used for providing communication services for the fixed nodes, which results in a low utilization rate of the OTN system. In addition, the number of the channels exclusive of bandwidth in the OTN system is limited, and the efficiency of establishing the channels exclusive of bandwidth is low.

When the communication method is applied to an OTN system, each node in the OTN system can determine forwarding information, where the forwarding information is used to indicate an egress port corresponding to a node of a first type. The node in the OTN system may also forward the packet according to the forwarding information. Therefore, the nodes in the OTN system do not need to transmit messages based on the exclusive channel of the bandwidth, and the utilization rate of the OTN system is improved. In addition, the nodes can determine the forwarding information by themselves, so that a worker does not need to configure the forwarding information on the nodes, and the implementation difficulty of the communication method is reduced.

The communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be used in the OTN system provided by the embodiment of the present application, and before the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described, a brief introduction is first performed on the OTN system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an OTN system provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the OTN system may include a plurality of nodes, such as

nodes

101, 102, and 103 in fig. 3. The number of nodes in the OTN system may be any number, such as 100, 1000, 10000, etc., and fig. 3 illustrates the number of nodes as 3.

The node may be a device (e.g., a gateway, a router, a server, etc.), or may also be a functional unit in the device, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. Nodes in the OTN system are connected by a link, for example, in fig. 3, the node 101 and the node 102 are connected by an ODU link 1, and the node 102 and the node 103 are connected by an ODU link 2. In fig. 3, a link between nodes is taken as an ODU link as an example, optionally, at least part of the link in the OTN system may also be an OSU link.

It should be noted that the nodes in the OTN system may be divided into two types, i.e., a first type and a second type. The node of the first type may be connected to both a node outside the OTN system and a node inside the ONT system, and the node of the second type is connected to only a node inside the OTN system. The first type of node is used for converting and forwarding the message, and the second type of node is used for forwarding the message but not for converting the message. The node converting the packet may include: and the node packages and combines the messages. The combined message is as follows: all messages forwarded from the same source node to the same destination node are unpacked and then combined into one message.

For example, referring to fig. 3, both the node 101 and the node 103 may be connected to a node outside the OTN system (referred to as an external node, not shown in fig. 3) and connected to the node 102 inside the OTN system, so both the node 101 and the node 103 are the first type of node. Node 102 is connected only to node 101 and node 103 within the OTN system, and therefore node 102 is a second type of node. The node 101 may receive the service data sent by the external node connected thereto, encapsulate the packet according to the received service data, and then forward the packet to the node 102, and the node 102 may forward the packet to the node 103. The node 103 may unpack the received packet to obtain the service data, and forward the service data to an external node connected to the node.

After the OTN system provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced, the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be explained and explained below.

Illustratively, fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication method is applied to the OTN system (such as the OTN system shown in fig. 1) provided in the embodiment of the present application. The communication method may include the following steps.

S101, the first node sends information of the first node to other nodes, and the other nodes are nodes except the first node in the OTN system. The information of each node is used to indicate: the type of the node and the output port of the node connected with the direct-connected node, wherein the direct-connected node belongs to an OTN system.

The first node is any node in the OTN system, and the embodiment of the present application takes the first node as an example to introduce a communication method executed by a node in the OTN system. The communication method performed by the other nodes in the OTN system may refer to the communication method performed by the first node.

In S101, the first node needs to send information of the first node to each of the other nodes. For example, assuming that the first node in fig. 3 is node 101, node 101 needs to send the information of node 101 to node 102 and node 103.

It should be noted that the other nodes include a direct connection node of the first node, and the first node may directly send the information of the first node to the direct connection node. Optionally, the other nodes may also include a non-direct-connected node of the first node, and the first node may send information of the first node to the non-direct-connected node through its direct-connected node.

For example, when the node 101 is a first node in fig. 3, the node 102 is a direct connection node of the node 101, and the node 103 is a non-direct connection node of the node 101. Then, node 101 may send the information of node 101 directly to node 102, and node 102 may send the information of node 101 to node 103, so as to achieve the purpose of sending the information of node 101 to node 103.

In the embodiment of the present application, the information of each node is used to indicate: the type of the node, and the egress port of the node connected with its direct-connected node. The type of the node may be the first type or the second type.

Illustratively, the information of the node may include type information and egress port information. The type information is used to indicate the type of the node, and the egress port information may be used to indicate: the node may be in communication connection with the directly connected node through the egress port, and the node may transmit a message with the directly connected node through the egress port. There are many implementations of both type information and egress port information. For example, the type information may include: an identification of a type of the first node; the egress port information may be: and the identification of the link of the first node connected with the direct connection node.

For example, continuing with the example of node 101 in fig. 3 as the first node. As shown in table 1, on the one hand, the first node is of the first type, and in this case, the information of the node 101 includes: an identification (101) of the node 101, and a type identification (S) indicating the first type. On the other hand, node 102 is a direct connection node of node 101, and the information of node 101 further includes: an identifier (101) of a node 101, an identifier (102) of a node 102, and an identifier (ODU 1) of an output port of the node 101 connected to the node 102, where the ODU1 is an identifier of an ODU link 1.

TABLE 1

Optionally, when the first node sends the type information and the egress port information to other nodes, the type information and the egress port information may be carried in one message and sent to other nodes, or the type information and the egress port information may be carried in different messages and sent to other nodes. As an implementation manner, when the type information and the egress port information are carried in different messages, the message carrying the type information may be a Link State Packet (LSP), and the message carrying the egress port information may be a link-state advertisement (LSA) message. For example, as shown in fig. 5, the LSP may include an LSP header and a payload (payload) part, and the payload part may carry type information of the first node.

In the embodiment of the application, the information of the node is used for indicating that: the above types and output ports are examples. Alternatively, the information of the node may be used only to indicate the type or the egress port. Therefore, the information of each node can be used to indicate: the type of the node, and/or the egress port of the node connected with its direct-connected node.

S102, the other nodes send the information of the other nodes to the first node.

The process of sending the information of the other node to the first node by the other node may refer to the process of sending the information of the first node to the other node by the first node in S201, which is not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.

For example, still taking the OTN system shown in fig. 3 as an example, if the node 101 is the first node, in S102, the node 102 may send information of the node 102 to the node 101, and the node 103 may also send information of the node 103 to the node 101.

As shown in table 2, the information of the node 102 includes: type information and egress port information. The type information of the node 102 includes: an identification (102) of the node 102, and a type identification (T) indicating the second type. Node 101 is a direct connection node of node 102, and the egress port information of node 102 includes: an identification (102) of node 102, an identification (101) of node 101, and an identification (ODU 1) of an egress port of node 102 connected to node 101. Node 103 is a direct connection node of node 102, and the egress port information of node 102 further includes: an identifier (102) of the node 102, an identifier (103) of the node 103, and an identifier (ODU 2) of an output port of the node 102 connected to the node 103, where the ODU2 is an identifier of the ODU link 2 in fig. 3.

As shown in table 3, the information of the node 103 includes: type information and egress port information. The type information of the node 103 includes: an identification of the node 103 (103), and a type identification indicating the second type (S). Node 102 is a direct connection node of node 103, and the egress port information of node 103 includes: an identification (103) of node 103, an identification (102) of node 102, and an identification (ODU 2) of an egress port of node 103 connected to node 102.

TABLE 2

TABLE 3

S103, the first node determines the type of each node in the OTN system and an outlet port corresponding to each node according to the received information of other nodes and the information of the first node.

In S101, the first node can obtain information of the first node, and in S102, the first node can obtain information of other nodes, so that in S103, the first node can determine the type of each node in the OTN system and an egress port corresponding to each node according to the information of all the nodes obtained in S101 and S102.

Optionally, the information of the first node and the information of the other nodes may be stored in a Link State Database (LSDB) of the first node, and the first node may calculate a shortest path between the first node and any node by using a Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm according to contents in the LSDB, and determine a next hop port of the first node on the shortest path as an egress port corresponding to the any node. It should be noted that, when the first node determines the egress port corresponding to the node by using the SPF algorithm, the information of the nodes in S101 and S102 may also carry other contents, such as cost (cost) of the link indicated by the link identifier in the egress port information, and the first node may determine the shortest path according to the cost of the link, so as to determine the egress port corresponding to the node.

The output port corresponding to any node can be the output port of the first node; when at least one node exists between the first node and the arbitrary node, the egress port corresponding to the arbitrary node may also be an egress port of a certain node in the at least one node. In the embodiment of the present application, an egress port corresponding to any node is taken as an egress port of the first node.

When the information of the nodes in S101 and S102 is only used to indicate the type and part of the content in the egress port, the other part of the content in the type and egress port needs to be determined by the first node in other ways. For example, the first node acquires the other part of the content in a static configuration manner.

S104, the first node determines initial information according to the type of each node in the OTN system and an outlet port corresponding to each node, wherein the initial information comprises: the identification and type of each node, and the information of the egress port corresponding to each node.

Optionally, for any node in the OTN system, if the any node is directly connected to the first node, the information of the egress port corresponding to the any node in the initial information may be: an identifier of a link to which the first node is connected; if the any node is not directly connected to the first node, the information of the egress port corresponding to the any node in the initial information may be: and the first node is connected with any one of the nodes through the direct connection node.

Illustratively, continuing with the example of the first node being the node 101 in fig. 3, the initial information determined by the node 101 may be as shown in table 4. Referring to table 4, since node 101 is the first node, the information of the egress port corresponding to node 101 may be NULL (NULL). Node 102 is a direct connection node of node 101, and therefore, the information of the egress port corresponding to node 102 may be: identification of ODU link 1 (ODU 1). Node 103 is not a direct connection node of node 101, and therefore, the information of the egress port corresponding to node 103 may be: identification of node 102 (102).

TABLE 4

Node identification	Node type	Information of corresponding output port of node
			101	S	NULL
102	T	ODU1
			103	S	102

S105, the first node determines forwarding information according to the initial information, wherein the forwarding information comprises: the label corresponding to the identification of the node of the first type, and the information of the exit port corresponding to the node of the first type.

The first node may determine forwarding information according to the identifier of the node of the first type extracted from the initial information and information of the egress port corresponding to the node.

On the one hand, the label corresponding to the identifier of the forwarding information node (referred to as the label of the node) may be the same as or different from the identifier of the node. When the label of the node is the same as the label of the node, the labels of the nodes in S101 to S104 are the labels of the nodes, and the first node extracts the label of the first type of node from the initial information in S105 as the label of the first type of node in the forwarding information. When the identifier of the node is different from the tag corresponding to the identifier of the node, the first node may determine the tag of the node in the forwarding information according to the identifier of the node of the first type in the initial information when determining the forwarding information according to the initial information. For example, the first node may determine the label corresponding to the identifier of the node according to the correspondence between the identifier and the label.

On the other hand, the information of the egress port in the forwarding information may be the same as or different from the information of the egress port in the initial information. When the information of the egress port in the forwarding information is the same as the information of the egress port in the initial information, the first node extracts, in S105, the information of the egress port corresponding to the node of the first type from the initial information as the information of the egress port corresponding to the node of the first type in the forwarding information. When the information of the egress port in the forwarding information is different from the information of the egress port in the initial information, the first node needs to convert the information of the egress port corresponding to the node of the first type in the initial information in S105, so as to obtain the information of the egress port corresponding to the node of the first type in the forwarding information.

By way of example, assume that a plurality of nodes in an OTN system include: first node, second node and third node, wherein, first node, second node and third node connect gradually, and the information of the corresponding export of third node includes in the initial information that first node determined: an identity of the second node. Because the second node is directly connected with the first node, when the type of the second node is the first type, the information of the output port corresponding to the second node in the forwarding information is the same as the information of the output port corresponding to the second node in the initial information. Because the third node is not directly connected with the first node, when the type of the third node is the first type, the information of the output port corresponding to the third node in the forwarding information includes: and the information of the output port corresponding to the second node in the initial information.

For example, taking node 101 in fig. 3 as a first node, node 102 as a second node, and node 103 as a third node as an example, the initial information determined by node 101 is shown in table 4, and the forwarding information determined by node 101 is shown in table 5. Since both the node 101 and the node 103 are the first type of node, the forwarding information shown in table 5 includes the label (L1) of the node 101 and the label (L3) of the node 103. Since the node 101 is the first node, the information of the egress port corresponding to the node 101 is (NULL), and since the node 103 is a non-direct connection node of the node 101, the information of the egress port corresponding to the node 103 is the information of the egress port corresponding to the node 102 in table 4 (ODU 1).

TABLE 5

Node label	Information of corresponding output port of node
		L1	NULL
L3	ODU1

And S106, the first node forwards the message according to the forwarding information.

After the first node obtains the forwarding information, the first node can forward the message according to the forwarding information. It should be noted that the packet that the first node needs to forward may be a packet that is obtained by the first node according to data encapsulation sent by a node outside the OTN system, or may also be a packet that is generated by the first node by itself, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

The first node needs to carry the label of the active node and the label of the destination node according to the message forwarded by the forwarding information, and the first node can identify the label of the destination node and forward the message from the output port indicated by the output port information corresponding to the label of the destination node in the forwarding information.

For example, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a packet forwarded by a node in an OTN system according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 6, a packet header of the packet may include a source label field and a destination label field. The source label field is used for carrying the label of the source node, and the destination label field is used for carrying the label of the destination node. The header of the packet may also carry other information, such as a forwarding identifier and other control information, where the forwarding identifier may be used to indicate that the packet needs to be forwarded based on the forwarding information. The message may also include a payload portion for carrying traffic data.

The above embodiment roughly describes the communication method of the first node, and the communication method of each node in the OTN system may refer to the communication method of the first node, and the communication method of each node in the OTN system will be exemplified below by taking the OTN system shown in fig. 3 as an example.

First, referring to S101 and S102, information of nodes may be flooded between nodes in the OTN system.

As shown in fig. 7, node 101 sends information of node 101 to node 102, and node 102 forwards information of node 101 to node 103; the node 102 sends the information of the node 102 to the node 101 and the node 103 respectively; node 103 sends the information of node 103 to node 102, and node 102 forwards the information of node 103 to node 101.

Illustratively, the information of the node includes the above-described type information and egress port information. The type information and the egress port information can be flooded between nodes in the OTN system, respectively. As shown in fig. 8, node 101 sends its type information (101, s) to node 102, and node 102 may forward the type information to node 103; node 102 may send its type information (102, t) to node 101 and node 103; node 101 sends its type information (103, s) to node 102, and node 102 may forward the type information to node 101. As shown in fig. 9, node 101 sends its egress port information (101, 102, odu 1) to node 102, and node 102 may forward the egress port information to node 103; node 102 may send both its egress port information (102, 101, odu 1) and (102, 103, odu 2) to node 101 and node 103; node 101 sends its egress port information (103, 102, odu 2) to node 102, which node 102 may forward to node 101.

It can be seen that each node in the OTN system sends the information of the node to its directly connected node, and each node also receives the information of the node sent by its directly connected node. After each node receives the information of the node sent by the direct connection node, if the node has other direct connection nodes, the received information can be sent to the other direct connection nodes. In this way, flooding of information of each node in the OTN system is achieved.

Secondly, referring to S103 and S104 described above, each node in the OTN system may determine initial information according to the received information of the node. Illustratively, the initial information determined by each of the

nodes

101, 102 and 103 may be as shown in fig. 10. The process of determining the initial information by the node 102 and the node 103 may refer to the process of determining the initial information by the node 101, which is not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.

Again, referring to S105 above, each node in the OTN system may determine forwarding information according to the determined initial information. Illustratively, when the initial information determined by the

nodes

101, 102 and 103 is shown in fig. 10, the forwarding information determined by the

nodes

101, 102 and 103 may be shown in fig. 10. The process of determining the forwarding information by the node 102 and the node 103 may refer to the process of determining the forwarding information by the node 101, which is not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.

Finally, referring to the above S106, each node in the OTN system may forward the packet according to the determined forwarding information.

For example, the node 101 may receive a packet sent by an external node outside the OTN system, and the node 101 may convert the packet into a packet capable of being forwarded in the OTN system according to a node to which the packet needs to be sent. Illustratively, the packet carries the label of the active node: l1, and the label of the destination node: and (3) L. Then, node 101 may forward the packet to node 102 through the output port indicated by ODU1 according to the information (ODU 1) of the output port corresponding to label L3 in the forwarding information determined by node 101.

After receiving the packet, the node 102 may forward the packet to the node 103 through an output port indicated by the ODU2 according to the information (ODU 2) of the output port corresponding to the label L3 in the forwarding information determined by the node 102.

After receiving the packet, the node 103 detects that the label of the destination node in the packet is the label L3 of the node 103, so that the node 103 can convert the packet into a packet that can be identified by an external node outside the OTN system, and forward the packet to the external node.

It can be seen that as long as the source node label carried by the packet is L1 and the destination node label carried by the packet is L3, the packet can be forwarded on the path of the node 101, the node 102, and the node 103. Therefore, the path of the node 101, the node 102 and the node 103 is not limited to serve one user, and the utilization rate of the OTN system is high. Since the path for transmitting the message in the embodiment of the present application may serve a plurality of users, the path may be referred to as a flexible pipe.

To sum up, in the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first node in the OTN system may determine the forwarding information according to the type of each node and the egress port corresponding to each node. Further, the first node may forward the packet according to the forwarding information. Therefore, the first node does not need to transmit the message based on the exclusive channel of the bandwidth, and the utilization rate of the OTN system is improved.

In addition, in the communication method provided by the embodiment of the application, the forwarding information is automatically determined after the nodes in the OTN system perform information interaction, and the forwarding information of each node does not need to be configured manually, so that the implementation difficulty of the communication method is reduced.

Further, before S101, communication connections may be established between directly connected nodes in the OTN system, and establishing the communication connections is also called establishing neighbor relations, so that the nodes directly connected to each other are neighbor nodes. The following explains a process of establishing a communication connection by taking a process of establishing a communication connection between a first node and a second node as an example, where the second node is a direct-connected node of the first node.

Fig. 11 is a flowchart of a method for establishing a communication connection between a first node and a second node according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 11, the method may include:

s201, the first node sends a first message to the second node, the message head of the first message carries the label of the first node and the label of the second node, and the load part of the first message carries the identifier of the first node.

The first packet may be referred to as a neighbor discovery packet. The packet header of the first packet carries the label of the first node and the label of the second node, which may be used to indicate that the first packet is a neighbor discovery packet. The load part of the first packet carries the identifier of the first node in order to inform the second node of the identifier of the first node. In addition, the first node may send the first packet to the second node to request to obtain the identifier of the second node, so that the first packet belongs to the neighbor discovery packet of the requested type.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a neighbor discovery packet provided in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, the neighbor discovery packet may include a packet header and a payload (payload) part, where the packet header may include a source tag field and a destination tag field, and the payload part may include an opcode field, a home identity field, and a remote identity field. The source label field is used for carrying labels of the nodes sending the neighbor messages, and the target label field is used for carrying labels of the nodes to which the neighbor discovery messages need to be sent. The local terminal identification field is used for carrying the identification of the node sending the neighbor message, and the remote terminal identification field is used for carrying the identification of the node to which the neighbor discovery message needs to be sent. The operation code field is used for carrying an operation code indicating the operation represented by the neighbor discovery message. The source tag field and the destination tag field may respectively include 2 bytes, the opcode field may include 1 byte, and the home terminal identification field and the remote terminal identification field may respectively include 8 bytes. Of course, the length and the arrangement position of each field in the neighbor discovery message may also be adjusted accordingly according to the actual situation, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Taking the node in the OTN system shown in fig. 3 as an example, it is assumed that the first node is node 101, and the second node is node 102. As shown in fig. 13, in the first message sent by node 101 to node 102, the source tag field carries the tag of node 101: l1, the destination label field carries the label of node 102: l2, the local terminal identification field carries the identification of the node 101, namely 101. Since the node 101 has not currently acquired the identifier of the node 102, the remote identifier field in the first message is empty. The first packet is a neighbor discovery packet of a request type, so that an opcode field of the first packet carries an opcode (such as opcode 0 in fig. 13) indicating a request.

S202, the second node sends a second message to the first node, the message header of the second message carries the label of the first node and the label of the second node, and the load part of the second message carries the identifier of the second node.

After receiving the first message sent by the first node, the second node needs to respond to the first message, and the second node can send a second message to the first node according to the first message, so that the second message is a response message of the first message. Similar to the first packet, the second packet may also be referred to as a neighbor discovery packet, and the second packet is a response-type neighbor discovery packet. The structure of the second packet may refer to the structure of the neighbor discovery packet, which is not described herein in this embodiment. Since the first packet is used to request to obtain the identifier of the second node, the load part of the second packet may carry the identifier of the second node.

Continuing with the example of the nodes in the OTN system shown in fig. 3, assuming that the first node is node 101, the second node is node 102. As shown in fig. 14, in the second message, the source label field carries the label of the node 102: l2, the destination label field carries the label of node 101: l1, the home terminal identification field carries the identification of the node 102: 102, the remote end identification field carries the identification of the

node

101, 101. The second packet belongs to the response-type neighbor discovery packet, so that the opcode field of the second packet carries an opcode (for example opcode 1 in fig. 14) that indicates a response.

S203, the first node sends a third packet to the second node, where a packet header of the third packet carries a label of the first node and a label of the second node, and a load part of the third packet carries an identifier of the first node and an identifier of the second node.

The first node may respond to the second packet after receiving the second packet sent by the second node, and the first node may send a third packet to the second node according to the second packet, so that the third packet is a response packet of the second packet. Like the second packet, the third packet may also be referred to as a neighbor discovery packet, and the third packet is a response-type neighbor discovery packet. The structure of the third packet may refer to the structure of the neighbor discovery packet, which is not described herein in this embodiment. The load part of the third packet may carry the identifier of the first node and the identifier of the second node.

Continuing with the example of the nodes in the OTN system shown in fig. 3, assuming that the first node is node 101, the second node is node 102. As shown in fig. 15, in the third message, the source label field carries the label of the node 101: l1, the destination label field carries the label of node 102: l2, the local end identification field carries the identification 101 of the node 101, and the remote end identification field carries the identification 102 of the node 102. The third packet is a response-type neighbor discovery packet, so that the opcode field of the third packet also carries an opcode (such as opcode: 1 in fig. 16) indicating a response.

At this point, the first node and the second node can successfully establish communication connection, and at this time, the first node and the second node are neighbor nodes. After the first node establishes a communication connection with the second node, the first node and the second node may also periodically send keep-alive messages to each other, so as to enable the communication connection between the first node and the second node to be in an active (active) state. Wherein, the communication connection is in an active state: the communication connection is available, and the nodes can transmit messages to each other through the communication connection. The format of the keep-alive message may also refer to the format of the neighbor discovery message, and an operation code field of the keep-alive message carries an operation code (such as operation code 2) for indicating a keep-alive operation.

Further, in this embodiment of the present application, the identifier of the node may include an Identity (ID) of the node, for example. Optionally, the identification of the node may also include other content.

For example, as shown in fig. 16, the identification of the node includes: the identity of the area in which the node is located (in fig. 17, the ID of the area is taken as an example), the priority of the node, the padding (meaningless), and the ID of the node. At this time, the identity of the node may also be referred to as the peer ID of the node.

The peer ID of a node may comprise 8 bytes in total, and the identification of the area in which the node is located, the priority of the node, the padding portion, and the ID of the node each take 2 bytes. The length of the peer ID is equal to the length of the local identification field or the remote identification field in the neighbor discovery message, so that the identifier carried by the local identification field or the remote identification field in the neighbor discovery message can be the peer ID. The format and length of the peer ID may also be adaptively adjusted according to the length of the home identification field or the remote identification field in the neighbor discovery message.

Optionally, in the process of establishing the communication connection between the first node and the second node, the first node may send only the first packet to the second node, and does not send the third packet. Optionally, the neighbor discovery packet may also indicate that the packet is a neighbor discovery packet in other manners, for example, the packet header carries a type indication of the neighbor discovery packet, and the type indication is used to indicate that the packet is a neighbor discovery packet.

In the above embodiment, the nodes in the OTN system are all independent nodes, and optionally, part of the nodes in the OTN system may also be located in a node group. In other words, the OTN system may include at least one node group, and an independent node located outside of the at least one node group. Wherein, the node group may include: a master node of a second type and at least one slave node of the first type. A master node and a slave node in a node group may establish a communication connection, and the master node and the slave node may communicate. The first node may be a master node in a target node group, a slave node in the target node group, or an independent node, the target node group being any one of the at least one node group.

1. In the case that the first node is a master node in the target node group, the above S101, S102, and S103 may also have other implementations.

In S101, the first node may receive information of the independent node sent by the independent node. When the at least one node group includes another node group other than the target node group, in S101, the first node may further receive information of the another node group sent by a master node in the another node group. Wherein the information of each node group in the at least one node group is used to indicate: the type of the node in the node group, and an output port of the node in the node group connected with a direct-connected node thereof, wherein the direct-connected node belongs to the OTN.

In S102, the first node may send information of each node group and each independent node in the OTN system to the slave node in the target node group, and send information of the target node group to the independent node. When the at least one node group includes the other node group, in S102, the first node may further send information of the target node group to a master node in the other node group.

In the above S103, the first node may determine the type of each node in the OTN system and the egress port corresponding to each node according to the information of each node group and each independent node in the OTN system.

Optionally, when the information of the node group is used to indicate the type of the node in the node group, the information of the node group includes the type information of the node group, and the type information may also be carried in the LSP for transmission. For example, fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of another LSP provided by the embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 17, an LSP may include an LSP header and a load part, where the load part includes a plurality of data units (e.g., n data units in fig. 17), the plurality of data units are in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of nodes in a node group, and each data unit may be used to carry an identifier and a type of a corresponding node.

2. In the case that the first node is a slave node in the target node group, the above S101, S102 and S103 may also have other implementations.

The first node may not perform S101 above, and in S102 above, the first node may receive information of each node in the OTN system, which is sent by the master node in the target node group. For example, when at least one node group includes the other node groups, the master node in the target node group may send the received information of the other node groups, the information of the independent node, and the information of the target node group to the first node. When at least one node group does not include the other node groups, the master node in the target node group may send the received information of the independent node and the information of the target node group to the first node.

In the above S103, the first node may determine the type of each node in the OTN system and the egress port corresponding to each node according to the information of each node in the OTN system.

3. In the case that the first node is an independent node, the above S101, S102 and S103 may also have other implementations.

In the above S101, the first node may transmit information of the first node to each master node and other independent nodes. The other independent node is an independent node except the first node in the OTN system.

In the above S102, the first node may receive information of the node group where the master node is located, which is sent by each master node, and the first node may also receive information of other independent nodes, which is sent by other independent nodes.

In the above S103, the first node may determine the type of each node and the egress port corresponding to each node in the OTN system according to the information of each node group and the information of each independent node in the OTN system.

The above will be explained in connection with the OTN system shown in fig. 18.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 18, the OTN system includes two node groups (node group 1 and node group 2) and one independent node (node 1531). The node group 1 includes: one master node (node 1511) and two slave nodes (node 1512 and node 1513), node group 2 comprising: one master node (node 1521) and two slave nodes (node 1522 and node 1523).

Master node 1511 of node group 1 may send node group 1 information (including node 1511 information, node 1512 information, and node 1513 information) to node 1531, and node 1531 may forward node group 1 information to master node 1521 of node group 2. Likewise, master node 1521 in node group 2 may send node group 2 information (including node 1521 information, node 1522 information, and node 1523 information) to node 1531, and node 1531 may forward node group 2 information to master node 1511 in node group 1.

Node 1531 may also send node 1531 information to node 1511 and node 1521.

The master node 1511 in the node group 1 may send the information of the node (including the information of the node group 1, the information of the node group 2, and the information of the independent node 1531) acquired by the master node 1511 to the node 1512 and the node 1513, and the master node 1521 in the node group 2 may send the information of the node (including the information of the node group 1, the information of the node group 2, and the information of the independent node 1531) acquired by the master node 1521 to the node 1522 and the node 1523.

Through the above steps, each node in fig. 18 can acquire information of all nodes, and flooding of information of each node in the whole network of the OTN system is realized. Then, each node can determine the type of each node and the egress port corresponding to each node according to the obtained information of all nodes in the OTN system.

Alternatively, multiple nodes in the same node group may be located in the same communication device, and each individual node may be located in a separate device. For example, multiple nodes in the same node group may be located in the PE device, and each independent node may be located in one P device.

While the communication method provided in the present application is described in detail in conjunction with fig. 1 to 18, it can be understood that, in order to implement the functions described in the above methods, a node needs to include hardware and/or software modules for performing the respective functions. The implementation of the methods described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is performed as hardware or computer software drives hardware depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, with the embodiment described in connection with the particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

In this embodiment, the functional modules may be divided according to the method embodiment, for example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware. It should be noted that the division of the modules in this embodiment is illustrative, and specifically, as a possible division manner of the logic functions, there may be another division manner in actual implementation.

When the functional block division is adopted, the communication apparatus provided by the present application will be described below with reference to fig. 19 and 20.

Fig. 19 is a block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application, which may be used in the first node in the foregoing embodiments, for example. As shown in fig. 19, the communication apparatus includes: a first determining module 1901, a second determining module 1902, and a forwarding module 1903.

The first determining module 1901 is configured to determine a type of each node in the plurality of nodes and an egress port corresponding to each node; the plurality of nodes comprise nodes of a first type, the nodes of the first type are used for converting and forwarding messages, and an output port corresponding to each node is as follows: a first node to a next hop port of said each node. Operations performed by the first determination module 1901 may refer to S101 to S103 in the above-described embodiment.

The second determining module 1902 is configured to determine forwarding information according to the type of each node and an egress port corresponding to each node, where the forwarding information is used to indicate: and the node of the first type corresponds to the output port. Operations performed by the second determination module 1902 may refer to S104 to S105 in the above-described embodiment.

The forwarding module 1903 is configured to forward the packet according to the forwarding information. The operation performed by the forwarding module 1903 may refer to S106 in the above embodiment.

Optionally, at least some nodes in the OTN system are connected by OSU links.

Optionally, the second determining module is configured to: according to the type of each node and an exit port corresponding to each node, determining initial information, wherein the initial information comprises: the identification and the type of each node, and the information of an output port corresponding to each node; determining forwarding information according to the initial information, wherein the forwarding information comprises: the label corresponding to the identification of the node of the first type, and the information of the exit port corresponding to the node of the first type.

Optionally, the communication device further comprises: a first transmitting module and a first receiving module (neither shown in fig. 19). The operation performed by the first sending module may refer to S201 in the foregoing embodiment, and the operation performed by the first receiving module may refer to the operation related to the first node in S202. Exemplarily, the first sending module is configured to send a first packet to a second node, where the second node belongs to at least part of direct-connected nodes of a first node in an OTN system, a packet header of the first packet carries a label of the first node and a label of the second node, and a load part of the first packet carries an identifier of the first node; and the first receiving module is used for receiving a second message sent by a second node, wherein a message header of the second message carries the label of the first node and the label of the second node, and a load part of the second message carries the identifier of the second node.

Optionally, the communication device further comprises: a second receiving module and a second transmitting module (neither shown in fig. 19). The operation performed by the second receiving module may refer to the content related to the first node in S102 in the above embodiment. The operation performed by the second sending module may refer to the content related to the first node in S101 in the foregoing embodiment. Illustratively, the second receiving module is configured to receive information of other nodes sent by other nodes, where the other nodes are nodes other than the first node in the plurality of nodes, and the information of each node is used to indicate: the type of the node, and/or an output port of the node connected with a direct-connected node, wherein the direct-connected node belongs to an OTN system; the second sending module is used for sending the information of the first node to other nodes; the first determining module 1901 is configured to: and determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the output port corresponding to each node according to the information of the plurality of nodes.

Optionally, the plurality of nodes further include a second type node, and the second type node is configured to forward the packet; the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group, and an independent node located outside the at least one node group, the node group including: a master node of the second type and at least one slave node of the first type, and a master node in the node group connects the slave nodes.

In one case, the first node is a master node in the target node group; in this case, the communication device further includes: a third receiving module, a fourth receiving module, a third transmitting module, a fourth transmitting module and a fifth transmitting module (none shown in fig. 19). A third receiving module, configured to receive, when the plurality of nodes include other master nodes except the first node, information of a node group where the other master nodes are located, where the information is sent by the other master nodes; wherein the information of each node group of the at least one node group is used for indicating: the type of the node in each node group, and/or an output port of the node in each node group connected with a direct connection node thereof, wherein the direct connection node belongs to the OTN system; a fourth receiving module, configured to receive the information of the independent node sent by the independent node; the information of the independent node is used for indicating that: the type of the independent node, and/or an output port of the independent node connected with the direct connection node; a third sending module, configured to send the information of the at least one node group and the information of the independent node to a slave node in the target node group; a fourth sending module, configured to send information of the target node group to the other master nodes when the plurality of nodes include the other master nodes; a fifth sending module, configured to send the information of the target node group to the independent node. The first determining module 1901 is configured to: and determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the output port corresponding to each node according to the information of at least one node group and the information of the independent nodes.

In another case, the first node is a slave node in the target node group. In this case, the communication device further includes: a fifth receiving module (not shown in fig. 19). A fifth receiving module, configured to receive information of multiple nodes sent by a master node in a target node group, where the information of each node is used to indicate: the type of the node, and/or an egress port of the node connected to a directly connected node, where the directly connected node belongs to the OTN system. At this time, the first determining module 1901 is configured to determine, according to the information of the plurality of nodes, a type of each node in the plurality of nodes and an egress port corresponding to each node.

In yet another case, the first node is a stand-alone node; in this case, the communication device further includes: a sixth receiving module and a sixth transmitting module (neither shown in fig. 19). A sixth receiving module, configured to receive information of a node group where the master node is located, where the master node is sent by the master nodes in the multiple nodes, and information of other independent nodes sent by other independent nodes; wherein the information of each node group of the at least one node group is used for indicating: the type of each node in each node group, and/or an egress port of each node in each node group, which is connected to a direct-connected node thereof, where the direct-connected node belongs to the OTN system; the other independent nodes are nodes except the first node in the plurality of independent nodes; the information of the independent node is used for indicating that: the type of the independent node, and/or an output port of the independent node connected with the direct-connected node. And the sixth sending module is used for sending the information of the first node to a master node in the plurality of nodes and other independent nodes. In this case, the first determining module 1901 is configured to: and determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and the output port corresponding to each node according to the information of the at least one node group and the information of the plurality of independent nodes.

Where an integrated unit is employed, the communications apparatus for a first node provided herein may include a processing module, a storage module, and a communications module. The processing module may be configured to control and manage an action of the communication apparatus, for example, may be configured to support the communication apparatus to perform the action performed by the first node in S101 to S106. The memory module may be used to support the communication device in executing stored program codes and data, etc. And the communication module can be used for communication between the communication device and other devices.

The processing module, the storage module, and the communication module may refer to the processing module, the storage module, and the communication module in the communication device for the first node, respectively, which is not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.

In one embodiment, when the processing module is a processor, the storage module is a memory, and the communication module is a communication interface, the communication device according to this embodiment may be a communication device having a structure shown in fig. 20. Referring to fig. 20, the communication device 200 includes: a processor 202 and a memory 201, wherein the memory 201 is used for storing programs, and the processor 202 is used for calling the programs stored in the memory 201 to make the communication device execute corresponding methods or functions. Optionally, as shown in fig. 20, the communication device 200 may further include at least one communication interface 203 and at least one communication bus 204. The memory 201, processor 202, and communication interface 203 are communicatively coupled via a communication bus 204. Wherein the communication interface 203 is used for communicating with other devices under the control of the processor 202, and the processor 202 can call the program stored in the memory 201 through the communication bus 204.

In one implementation, the above modules and the like included in the communication device may be computer programs stored in a memory, and are called by a processor to implement the corresponding execution functions of the modules.

The embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes at least one node, where the node may include any one of the communication apparatuses provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Optionally, the communication device comprises: the master node and the slave node in the target node group. At this time, the communication device may be referred to as a PE device.

Optionally, the communication device comprises: the above independent node. At this time, the communication device may be referred to as a P device.

An embodiment of the present application provides an OTN system, including: a plurality of nodes, the nodes comprising any one of the communication devices provided by the embodiments of the present application. The functions of the nodes may refer to corresponding functions described in the above embodiments, and are not described herein again in this embodiment of the application.

The embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute a method for a first node to execute in any one of the communication methods provided by the embodiment of the present application.

The present application provides a computer program product including instructions, which when run on a path adjustment apparatus, causes the path adjustment apparatus to execute a method for a first node to execute in any one of the communication methods provided in the present application.

In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product comprising one or more computer instructions. The procedures or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the application are all or partially generated when the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wirelessly (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or can comprise one or more data storage devices, such as a server, a data center, etc., that is integrated with the available medium. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium, or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid state disk), among others.

In this application, the terms "first" and "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more, unless expressly defined otherwise.

Different types of embodiments such as the method embodiment and the apparatus embodiment provided in the embodiment of the present application can be mutually referred to, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The sequence of operations in the method embodiments provided in the present application can be appropriately adjusted, and the operations can be increased or decreased according to the circumstances, and any method that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application, and therefore will not be described in detail.

In the corresponding embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device, and apparatus, etc. may be implemented by other configurations. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit is merely a logical division, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of some interfaces, devices or units, and may be an electric or other form.

Units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts described as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of devices. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method applied to a first node in an optical transport network, OTN, system, the OTN system comprising a plurality of nodes, the first node being any node in the plurality of nodes, the method comprising:

determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and an outlet port corresponding to each node; the plurality of nodes comprise nodes of a first type, the nodes of the first type are used for converting and forwarding messages, and an output port corresponding to each node is a next hop port from the first node to each node;

determining forwarding information according to the type of each node and an output port corresponding to each node, wherein the forwarding information is used for indicating the output port corresponding to the node of the first type;

and forwarding the message according to the forwarding information.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least some of the nodes in the OTN system are connected by optical service unit OSU links.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein determining forwarding information according to the type of each node and an egress port corresponding to each node comprises:

determining initial information according to the type of each node and an egress port corresponding to each node, wherein the initial information comprises: the identification and the type of each node, and the information of an output port corresponding to each node;

determining the forwarding information according to the initial information, wherein the forwarding information comprises: the label corresponding to the identifier of the node of the first type and the information of the exit port corresponding to the node of the first type.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein prior to determining the type of each node of the plurality of nodes and the corresponding egress port of each node, the method further comprises:

sending a first message to a second node, where the second node belongs to at least part of direct-connected nodes of the first node in the OTN system, a message header of the first message carries a label of the first node and a label of the second node, and a load part of the first message carries an identifier of the first node;

receiving a second packet sent by the second node, where a packet header of the second packet carries a label of the first node and a label of the second node, and a load part of the second packet carries an identifier of the second node.

5. The method of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein prior to determining the type of each of the plurality of nodes and the egress port corresponding to each node, the method further comprises:

receiving information of other nodes sent by other nodes, where the other nodes are nodes other than the first node in the plurality of nodes, and the information of each node is used to indicate: the type of each node, and/or an egress port of each node connected to a direct-connected node thereof, where the direct-connected node belongs to the OTN system;

sending information of the first node to the other nodes;

determining a type of each node of the plurality of nodes and an egress port corresponding to each node, including:

and determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and an outlet port corresponding to each node according to the information of the plurality of nodes.

6. The method according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of nodes further comprises a node of a second type, the node of the second type being configured to forward the packet; the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group, and an independent node located outside the at least one node group, the node group including: a master node of the second type and at least one slave node of the first type; the first node is a master node in a target node group in the at least one node group;

before determining a type of each node of the plurality of nodes and an egress port corresponding to the each node, the method further comprises:

when the plurality of nodes comprise other main nodes except the first node, receiving information of a node group where the other main nodes are located, which is sent by the other main nodes; wherein the information of each node group of the at least one node group is used for indicating: the type of the node in each node group, and/or an output port of the node in each node group connected with a direct connection node thereof, wherein the direct connection node belongs to the OTN system;

receiving the information of the independent node sent by the independent node; the information of the independent node is used for indicating that: the type of the independent node, and/or an output port of the independent node connected with the direct connection node;

transmitting information of the at least one node group and information of the independent node to a slave node in the target node group;

when the plurality of nodes comprise the other main nodes, sending the information of the target node group to the other main nodes;

sending information of the target node group to the independent node;

and determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and an outlet port corresponding to each node according to the information of the at least one node group and the information of the independent nodes.

7. The method according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of nodes further comprises a node of a second type, the node of the second type being configured to forward the packet; the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group, the node group including: a master node of the second type and at least one slave node of the first type; the first node is a slave node in a target node group in the at least one node group;

receiving information of the plurality of nodes sent by a master node in the target node group, wherein the information of each node is used for indicating: the type of each node, and/or an egress port of each node connected to a direct-connected node thereof, where the direct-connected node belongs to the OTN system;

8. The method according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of nodes further comprises a second type of node, the second type of node being configured to forward the packet; the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group, and a plurality of independent nodes located outside the at least one node group, the node group including: a master node of the second type and at least one slave node of the first type; the first node is the independent node;

receiving information of a node group where the main node is located, which is sent by the main node in the plurality of nodes, and information of other independent nodes, which is sent by other independent nodes; wherein the information of each node group of the at least one node group is used for indicating: the type of each node in each node group, and/or an egress port of each node in each node group, which is connected to a direct-connected node thereof, where the direct-connected node belongs to the OTN system; the other independent nodes are nodes except the first node in the plurality of independent nodes; the information of the independent node is used for indicating that: the type of the independent node, and/or an output port of the independent node connected with the direct connection node;

sending information of the first node to a master node of the plurality of nodes and the other independent nodes;

and determining the type of each node in the plurality of nodes and an outlet port corresponding to each node according to the information of the at least one node group and the information of the plurality of independent nodes.

9. A communication apparatus, applied to a first node in an optical transport network, OTN, system, the OTN system comprising a plurality of nodes, wherein the first node is any node in the plurality of nodes, the communication apparatus comprising:

a first determining module, configured to determine a type of each node in the plurality of nodes and an egress port corresponding to each node; the plurality of nodes include a first type node, the first type node is used for converting and forwarding a packet, and an egress port corresponding to each node is: a next hop port from the first node to each of the nodes;

a second determining module, configured to determine forwarding information according to the type of each node and an egress port corresponding to each node, where the forwarding information is used to indicate: an output port corresponding to the node of the first type;

and the forwarding module is used for forwarding the message according to the forwarding information.

10. The communication apparatus according to claim 9, wherein at least some nodes in the OTN system are connected by an optical service unit OSU link.

11. The communications apparatus of claim 10, wherein the second determining module is configured to:

12. The communications device of claim 11, further comprising:

a first sending module, configured to send a first packet to a second node, where the second node belongs to at least part of direct-connected nodes of the first node in the OTN system, a packet header of the first packet carries a label of the first node and a label of the second node, and a load part of the first packet carries an identifier of the first node;

a first receiving module, configured to receive a second packet sent by the second node, where a packet header of the second packet carries a label of the first node and a label of the second node, and a load part of the second packet carries an identifier of the second node.

13. The communication device according to any of claims 9 to 12, wherein the communication device further comprises:

a second receiving module, configured to receive information of other nodes sent by other nodes, where the other nodes are nodes other than the first node in the multiple nodes, and the information of each node is used to indicate: the type of each node, and/or an egress port of each node connected to a direct-connected node thereof, where the direct-connected node belongs to the OTN system;

a second sending module, configured to send the information of the first node to the other nodes;

the first determination module is to:

14. The communications apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the plurality of nodes further comprises a second type of node, the second type of node being configured to forward a packet; the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group, and an independent node located outside the at least one node group, the node group including: a master node of the second type and at least one slave node of the first type; the first node is a master node in a target node group in the at least one node group;

the communication apparatus further includes:

a third receiving module, configured to receive, when the plurality of nodes include other master nodes except the first node, information of a node group where the other master nodes are located, where the information is sent by the other master nodes; wherein the information of each node group of the at least one node group is used for indicating: the type of the node in each node group, and/or an output port of the node in each node group connected with a direct connection node thereof, wherein the direct connection node belongs to the OTN system;

a fourth receiving module, configured to receive the information of the independent node sent by the independent node; the information of the independent node is used for indicating that: the type of the independent node, and/or an output port of the independent node connected with the direct connection node;

a third sending module, configured to send the information of the at least one node group and the information of the independent node to a slave node in the target node group;

a fourth sending module, configured to send information of the target node group to the other master nodes when the plurality of nodes include the other master nodes;

a fifth sending module, configured to send information of the target node group to the independent node;

the first determination module is to:

15. The communications apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the plurality of nodes further includes a node of a second type, and the node of the second type is configured to forward a packet; the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group, the node group including: a master node of the second type and at least one slave node of the first type; the first node is a slave node in a target node group in the at least one node group;

the communication apparatus further includes:

a fifth receiving module, configured to receive information of the multiple nodes sent by a master node in the target node group, where the information of each node is used to indicate: the type of each node, and/or an egress port of each node connected to a direct-connected node thereof, where the direct-connected node belongs to the OTN system;

the first determining module is configured to determine, according to the information of the plurality of nodes, a type of each node in the plurality of nodes and an egress port corresponding to each node.

16. The communications apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the plurality of nodes further comprises a second type of node, the second type of node being configured to forward a packet; the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group, and a plurality of independent nodes outside the at least one node group, the node group including: a master node of the second type and at least one slave node of the first type; the first node is the independent node;

the communication apparatus further includes:

a sixth receiving module, configured to receive information of a node group where the master node is located, where the master node is sent by the master nodes in the multiple nodes, and information of other independent nodes sent by other independent nodes; wherein the information of each node group of the at least one node group is used for indicating: the type of each node in each node group, and/or an egress port of each node in each node group, which is connected to a direct-connected node thereof, where the direct-connected node belongs to the OTN system; the other independent nodes are nodes except the first node in the plurality of independent nodes; the information of the independent node is used for indicating that: the type of the independent node, and/or an output port of the independent node connected with the direct-connected node;

a sixth sending module, configured to send information of the first node to a master node in the multiple nodes and the other independent nodes;

the first determination module is to:

17. A communications apparatus, comprising: a processor and a memory, the memory having a program stored therein;

the processor is configured to invoke a program stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the communication method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

18. A communication apparatus, comprising at least one node comprising the communication device of any one of claims 9 to 16, or comprising the communication device of claim 17.

19. The communications device of claim 18, wherein said at least one node comprises: a master node and a slave node in the target node group;

the optical transport network OTN system in which the communication device is located includes a plurality of nodes, where the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group and an independent node located outside the at least one node group, and the node group includes: the node of the first type is used for converting and forwarding the message, and the node of the second type is used for forwarding the message; the target node group belongs to the at least one node group.

20. The communications device of claim 17, wherein said at least one node comprises: an independent node;

the optical transport network OTN system in which the communication device is located includes a plurality of nodes, where the plurality of nodes includes at least one node group and an independent node located outside the at least one node group, and the node group includes: the node of the first type is used for converting and forwarding the message, and the node of the second type is used for forwarding the message.

21. An Optical Transport Network (OTN) system, comprising: a plurality of nodes comprising the communication apparatus of any of claims 9 to 16, or the nodes comprising the communication apparatus of claim 17.

22. A computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.