CN115173821A - Circuit with forward-open and reverse-open switches formed by operational amplifiers - Google Patents
Circuit with forward-open and reverse-open switches formed by operational amplifiers Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forward-switching and reverse-switching circuit formed by operational amplifiers, which comprises a charge-discharge module (1), a reference module (2) and an operational amplifier module (3); the charge and discharge module (1) comprises a single-pole double-throw switch S1, a discharge resistor R1, a charge and discharge resistor R2 and a charge and discharge capacitor C1; the reference module (2) comprises a direct current source A1, a bias resistor R3, a reference resistor Rref1 and a reference resistor Rref2; and the operational amplifier module (3) generates corresponding control logic signals according to the working states of the charge-discharge module (1) and the reference module (2) for transmitting, driving or indicating a next-stage circuit. Compared with the prior art, the forward-switching and reverse-switching circuit formed by the operational amplifier provided by the invention has the advantages that the quantity of the controlled objects can be arbitrarily expanded at low cost, the turn-on time interval and the turn-off time interval of the adjacent controlled objects can be arbitrarily adjusted, and the forward-switching and reverse-switching circuit has the outstanding advantages of strong universality, simple structure, small volume and low power consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrical control, in particular to a forward-switching and reverse-switching circuit formed by operational amplifiers.
Background
In the field of electrical control, a control circuit capable of realizing sequential on and reverse off is generally referred to as a forward-on and reverse-off circuit for short, and the forward-on and reverse-off circuit has the function of realizing the control function of sequential on or reverse off of a controlled object and is generally applied by the majority of manufacturers from the birth date; at the present stage, the forward-opening and reverse-opening switching circuit is mainly controlled by adopting a pure electromagnetic relay, a PLC and an MCU, wherein the electromagnetic relay is controlled by pure hardware, and the PLC and the MCU are controlled by combining software and hardware.
The inventor discovers that in the process of implementing the embodiment of the invention:
in the prior art, a pure electromagnetic relay is adopted, and compared with PLC and MCU control, the pure electromagnetic relay is reliable, but has relatively large volume, relatively high cost and relatively large power consumption; the PLC and MCU are adopted for control, so that although the volume is reduced, the development cost of software and hardware is relatively high; in the prior art, under the condition of considering simple structure, small volume and low power consumption, the quantity of controlled objects is difficult to be arbitrarily expanded at low cost, and the parameters of the turn-on time interval and the turn-off time interval of adjacent controlled objects are difficult to be arbitrarily set conveniently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a circuit with a forward switch and a reverse switch formed by an operational amplifier, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the device comprises a charging and discharging module (1), a reference module (2) and an operational amplifier module (3);
the operational amplifier module (3) is a comparator circuit composed of operational amplifiers, and generates corresponding control logic signals which are sequentially switched on or switched off in a reverse order according to the working states of the charge-discharge module (1) and the reference module (2) and are used for transmitting, driving or indicating a next-stage circuit;
the charge and discharge module (1) comprises a single-pole double-throw switch S1, a discharge resistor R1, a charge and discharge resistor R2 and a charge and discharge capacitor C1; one fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is an a end and is connected with one end of a discharge resistor R1 to play a role in reverse turn off, and the other end of the discharge resistor R1 is connected with a power ground; the other fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is a b end and is connected with a power supply VCC to play a role in sequential opening; the common end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is a com end and is connected with one end of a charge-discharge resistor R2, the other end of the charge-discharge resistor R2 is connected with one end of a charge-discharge capacitor C1, the connection point is set as a Tcom end, and the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 is connected with a power ground;
the reference module (2) comprises a direct current source A1, a bias resistor R3, a reference resistor Rref1 and a reference resistor Rref2; the negative end of the direct current source A1 is connected with a power ground, the positive end of the direct current source A1 is connected with one end of a bias resistor R3, the other end of the bias resistor R3 is connected with one end of a reference resistor Rref2, the connection point is set to be a Vref2 end, the other end of the reference resistor Rref2 is connected with one end of a reference resistor Rref1, the connection point is set to be a Vref1 end, and the other end of the reference resistor Rref1 is connected with the power ground;
the operational amplifier module (3) comprises an operational amplifier U1 and an operational amplifier U2, the in-phase end of the operational amplifier U1 and the in-phase end of the operational amplifier U2 are both connected with the Tcom end of the charging and discharging module (1), the inverting end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with the Vref1 end of the reference module (2), the inverting end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with the Vref2 end of the reference module (2), the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is OUT1, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2 is OUT2;
the charging and discharging module (1) is provided with two working loops, the first loop is a charging loop formed by a power supply VCC, a b end and a com end of a single-pole double-throw switch S1, a charging and discharging resistor R2, a charging and discharging capacitor C1 and a power supply ground, the rising speed of the voltage of a Tcom end during charging is directly related to a time constant, and the time constant is the product of the charging and discharging resistor R2 and the charging and discharging capacitor C1; the second loop is a discharge loop formed by a power ground, a discharge resistor R1, an a end and a com end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1, a charge-discharge resistor R2, a charge-discharge capacitor C1 and the power ground, the voltage of the Tcom end is decreased quickly and slowly and is directly related to another time constant, and the time constant is the sum of the discharge resistor R1 and the charge-discharge resistor R2 and is multiplied by the charge-discharge capacitor C1;
the constant reference voltage loop generated by the reference module (2) consists of a direct current source A1, a bias resistor R3, a reference resistor Rref2 and a reference resistor Rref1, the size of the reference voltage is determined by parameters of the direct current source A1, the bias resistor R3, the reference resistor Rref2 and the reference resistor Rref1, and the voltage at the Vref1 end is smaller than the voltage at the Vref2 end;
throwing the single-pole double-throw switch S1 to a terminal b, gradually increasing the voltage of a Tcom terminal, preferentially outputting a high level by an output terminal OUT1 of an operational amplifier U1 when the voltage is higher than the voltage of a Vref1 terminal, and outputting a high level by an output terminal OUT2 of the operational amplifier U2 later than the output terminal OUT1 when the voltage is higher than the voltage of a Vref2 terminal, so that positive logic sequential opening is realized, wherein the opening time interval of the output terminal OUT1 and the output terminal OUT2 can be arbitrarily controlled by adjusting the time constant of a charging loop;
the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is thrown to an a end, the voltage of a Tcom end gradually drops, when the voltage is lower than the voltage of a Vref2 end, the output end OUT2 of the operational amplifier U2 can preferentially output low level, when the voltage is lower than the voltage of a Vref1 end, the output end OUT1 of the operational amplifier U1 can output low level later than the output end OUT2, positive logic reverse turn-off is achieved, and the turn-off time interval of the output end OUT2 and the output end OUT1 can be controlled randomly by adjusting the time constant of a discharge loop.
Further, a single-pole double-throw switch S1 in the charging and discharging module (1) is replaced by a single-pole single-throw switch S2 and a single-pole single-throw switch S3;
namely, one end of the single-pole single-throw switch S3 is connected with a power supply VCC, the other end of the single-pole single-throw switch S3 is connected with one end of a charge and discharge resistor R2, and the other end of the charge and discharge resistor R2 is connected with a Tcom end;
one end of the single-pole single-throw switch S2 is connected with one end of the discharge resistor R1, the other end of the discharge resistor R1 is connected with a power ground, the other end of the single-pole single-throw switch S2 is connected with a Tcom end and one end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1, and the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 is connected with the power ground.
Further, the discharge resistor R1, the charge and discharge resistor R2 or the charge and discharge capacitor C1 in the charge and discharge module (1) may be replaced by an adjustable discharge resistor Rw1, an adjustable charge and discharge resistor Rw2 or an adjustable charge and discharge capacitor Cw1; the bias resistor Rw3, the reference resistor Rrefw1 or the reference resistor Rrefw2 in the reference module (2) can be replaced by an adjustable bias resistor Rw3, an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw1 or an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw2.
Further, the dc current source A1 in the reference module (2) is replaced by a dc voltage source V1, the negative terminal is connected to the power ground, and the positive terminal is connected to one end of the bias resistor R3 or one end of the adjustable bias resistor Rw 3.
Furthermore, the reference resistor Rref2 or the adjustable reference resistor Rrefw2 in the reference module (2) is replaced by a reference resistor Rref2, a reference resistor Rref3, an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw 8230, an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw2, an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw3, an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw 8230, an adjustable reference resistor Rrefwn, wherein n is more than or equal to 3, and the generated connecting points are correspondingly set as a Vref2 end, a Vref3 end, an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw 8230, a Vrefn end; correspondingly, the operational amplifier U2 in the operational amplifier module (3) is also replaced by an operational amplifier U2 and an operational amplifier U3, 8230, and the operational amplifier Un, in addition, the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is correspondingly connected to a Vref2 terminal, the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U3 is correspondingly connected to a Vref3 terminal, \8230, and the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier Un is correspondingly connected to a Vrefn terminal; meanwhile, the in-phase terminals of all the operational amplifiers are connected with the Tcom terminal; finally, the output end OUT2 is set to be the output end OUT2, the output end OUT3, \8230, and the output end OUTn, respectively.
Furthermore, the charge-discharge module (1) and the reference module (2) are kept unchanged, the in-phase end of the operational amplifier U1 is correspondingly connected to a Vref1 end, the in-phase end of the operational amplifier U2 is correspondingly connected to a Vref2 end, \8230; the inverting terminals of all the operational amplifiers are connected with the Tcom terminal, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; compared with the positive logic control, the negative logic control can be realized, namely low-level switching-on and high-level switching-off.
The invention has the advantages that the forward-switching and reverse-switching circuit formed by the operational amplifier not only can arbitrarily expand the capacity of the number of the controlled objects at low cost, but also can arbitrarily adjust the turn-on time interval and the turn-off time interval of the adjacent controlled objects, and has the outstanding advantages of strong universality, simple structure, small volume and low power consumption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first exemplary schematic diagram of a circuit of the present invention in which an operational amplifier forms a forward-to-reverse switch.
Fig. 2 is a second exemplary diagram of a circuit of the present invention in which the operational amplifier forms a forward-to-reverse switch.
Fig. 3 is a third exemplary diagram of a circuit of the present invention in which an operational amplifier forms a forward-to-reverse switch.
FIG. 4 is a fourth exemplary diagram of a forward/reverse switching circuit formed by an operational amplifier according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a fifth exemplary diagram of a circuit of the present invention in which an operational amplifier forms a forward-switch and a reverse-switch.
Fig. 6 is a sixth exemplary diagram of a forward/reverse switching circuit formed by an operational amplifier according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of a circuit of the present invention in which the operational amplifier forms a forward/reverse switch.
Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of the circuit of the present invention in which the operational amplifier forms a forward/reverse switch.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a typical schematic diagram of a circuit of a forward-open/reverse-open switch formed by an operational amplifier of the present invention includes a charging/discharging module (1), a reference module (2), and an operational amplifier module (3);
the operational amplifier module (3) is a comparator circuit composed of operational amplifiers, and generates corresponding control logic signals which are sequentially switched on or switched off in a reverse order according to the working states of the charge-discharge module (1) and the reference module (2) and are used for transmitting, driving or indicating a next-stage circuit;
the charge and discharge module (1) comprises a single-pole double-throw switch S1, a discharge resistor R1, a charge and discharge resistor R2 and a charge and discharge capacitor C1; one fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is an a end and is connected with one end of a discharge resistor R1 to play a role in reverse turn off, and the other end of the discharge resistor R1 is connected with a power ground; the other fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is a b end and is connected with a power supply VCC to play a role in sequential switching-on; the common end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is a com end and is connected with one end of a charge-discharge resistor R2, the other end of the charge-discharge resistor R2 is connected with one end of a charge-discharge capacitor C1, the connection point is set to be a Tcom end, and the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 is connected with a power ground;
the reference module (2) comprises a direct current source A1, a bias resistor R3, a reference resistor Rref1 and a reference resistor Rref2; the negative end of the direct current source A1 is connected with a power ground, the positive end of the direct current source A1 is connected with one end of a bias resistor R3, the other end of the bias resistor R3 is connected with one end of a reference resistor Rref2, the connection point is set to be a Vref2 end, the other end of the reference resistor Rref2 is connected with one end of a reference resistor Rref1, the connection point is set to be a Vref1 end, and the other end of the reference resistor Rref1 is connected with the power ground;
the operational amplifier module (3) comprises an operational amplifier U1 and an operational amplifier U2, the in-phase end of the operational amplifier U1 and the in-phase end of the operational amplifier U2 are both connected with the Tcom end of the charging and discharging module (1), the inverting end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with the Vref1 end of the reference module (2), the inverting end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with the Vref2 end of the reference module (2), the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is OUT1, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2 is OUT2;
the charging and discharging module (1) is provided with two working loops, wherein the first loop is that a power supply VCC, a b end and a com end of a single-pole double-throw switch S1, a charging and discharging resistor R2, a charging and discharging capacitor C1 and a power supply ground form a charging loop, the rising speed of the voltage of a Tcom end during charging is directly related to a time constant, and the time constant is the product of the charging and discharging resistor R2 and the charging and discharging capacitor C1; the second loop is a discharging loop formed by a power ground, a discharging resistor R1, an a end and a com end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1, a charging and discharging resistor R2, a charging and discharging capacitor C1 and the power ground, the voltage of the Tcom end is decreased quickly and slowly and is directly related to another time constant, and the time constant is the sum of the discharging resistor R1 and the charging and discharging resistor R2 and is multiplied by the charging and discharging capacitor C1;
the constant reference voltage loop generated by the reference module (2) consists of a direct current source A1, a bias resistor R3, a reference resistor Rref2 and a reference resistor Rref1, the size of the reference voltage is determined by parameters of the direct current source A1, the bias resistor R3, the reference resistor Rref2 and the reference resistor Rref1, and the voltage at the Vref1 end is smaller than the voltage at the Vref2 end;
the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is thrown to a terminal b, the voltage of a Tcom terminal gradually rises, when the voltage is higher than the voltage of a Vref1 terminal, the output terminal OUT1 of the operational amplifier U1 can preferentially output high level, when the voltage is higher than the voltage of a Vref2 terminal, the output terminal OUT2 of the operational amplifier U2 can output high level later than the output terminal OUT1, and positive logic sequential opening is realized, wherein the opening time interval of the output terminal OUT1 and the output terminal OUT2 can be randomly controlled by adjusting the time constant of a charging loop;
the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is thrown to the end a, the voltage of the Tcom end gradually drops, when the voltage is lower than the voltage of the Vref2 end, the output end OUT2 of the operational amplifier U2 can preferentially output low level, when the voltage is lower than the voltage of the Vref1 end, the output end OUT1 of the operational amplifier U1 can output low level later than the output end OUT2, positive logic reverse order turn-off is achieved, and the turn-off time interval of the output end OUT2 and the output end OUT1 can be controlled arbitrarily by adjusting the time constant of a discharge loop.
Fig. 2 is a second exemplary schematic diagram of a circuit of forward-switching and reverse-switching composed of an operational amplifier according to the present invention, which is based on fig. 1, and is obtained by replacing a single-pole double-throw switch S1 in a charging and discharging module (1) with a single-pole single-throw switch S2 and a single-pole single-throw switch S3;
namely, one end of the single-pole single-throw switch S3 is connected with a power supply VCC, the other end of the single-pole single-throw switch S3 is connected with one end of a charge and discharge resistor R2, and the other end of the charge and discharge resistor R2 is connected with a Tcom end;
one end of the single-pole single-throw switch S2 is connected with one end of the discharge resistor R1, the other end of the discharge resistor R1 is connected with a power ground, the other end of the single-pole single-throw switch S2 is connected with a Tcom end and one end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1, and the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 is connected with the power ground.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a third exemplary schematic diagram of a forward-switching and reverse-switching circuit formed by an operational amplifier according to the present invention, on the basis of fig. 1, a discharging resistor R1, a charging/discharging resistor R2, or a charging/discharging capacitor C1 in the charging/discharging module (1) may be replaced by an adjustable discharging resistor Rw1, an adjustable charging/discharging resistor Rw2, or an adjustable charging/discharging capacitor Cw1; the bias resistor Rw3, the reference resistor Rrefw1 or the reference resistor Rrefw2 in the reference module (2) can be replaced by an adjustable bias resistor Rw3, an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw1 or an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw2.
Referring to fig. 4, which is a fourth exemplary schematic diagram of a circuit of the present invention in which an operational amplifier constitutes a forward-switching/reverse-switching circuit, on the basis of fig. 1, a dc current source A1 in the reference module (2) is replaced by a dc voltage source V1, a negative terminal of the reference module is connected to a power ground, and a positive terminal of the reference module is connected to one end of a bias resistor R3 or one end of an adjustable bias resistor Rw 3.
As shown in fig. 5, which is a fifth exemplary schematic diagram of a circuit of forward-reverse switching formed by an operational amplifier according to the present invention, on the basis of fig. 1, the reference resistor Rref2 or the adjustable reference resistor Rrefw2 in the reference module (2) is replaced by a reference resistor Rref2, a reference resistor Rref3, or 8230composed of a plurality of resistor strings, or the reference resistor Rrefn, or the adjustable reference resistor Rrefw2, the adjustable reference resistor Rrefw3, or 8230, or the adjustable reference resistor Rrefwn, where n is equal to or greater than 3, and the resulting connection points are correspondingly set as a Vref2 terminal, a Vref3 terminal, an 8230, or a Vrefn terminal; correspondingly, the operational amplifier U2 in the operational amplifier module (3) is also replaced by an operational amplifier U2 and operational amplifiers U3 and 3, 8230, in addition, the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is correspondingly connected to a Vref2 terminal, the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U3 is correspondingly connected to a Vref3 terminal, 8230, and the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier Un is correspondingly connected to a Vrefn terminal; meanwhile, the in-phase terminals of all the operational amplifiers are connected with the Tcom terminal; finally, the output end OUT2 is set to be the output end OUT2, the output end OUT3, \8230, and the output end OUTn, respectively.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a sixth exemplary schematic diagram of a forward-switching and reverse-switching circuit formed by an operational amplifier according to the present invention, on the basis of fig. 1, a charge/discharge module (1) and a reference module (2) are kept unchanged, a non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is correspondingly connected to a Vref1 terminal, a non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is correspondingly connected to a Vref2 terminal, \8230, and a non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier Un is correspondingly connected to a Vrefn terminal; the inverting terminals of all the operational amplifiers are connected with the Tcom terminal, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; compared with the positive logic control, the negative logic control can be realized, namely low-level switching-on and high-level switching-off.
As shown in fig. 7, in an embodiment of a forward-switching and reverse-switching circuit formed by an operational amplifier according to the present invention, it can be seen from fig. 1 that two loads connected in series, i.e., a current-limiting resistor R8 and a light-emitting diode LED1, a current-limiting resistor R9 and a light-emitting diode LED2, are respectively connected between an output terminal OUT1 and a power ground and between an output terminal OUT2 and a power ground in an operational amplifier module (3), and the on and off operating states are indicated by displaying high and low levels;
in a positive logic sequential on state, the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is thrown to the end b, a charging loop transmits voltage to the in-phase end of an operational amplifier in an operational amplifier module (3), meanwhile, the potential of a Tcom end gradually rises, a constant reference voltage loop generates voltage and transmits the voltage to the reverse-phase end of the operational amplifier in the operational amplifier module, when the voltage of the in-phase end of the operational amplifier is higher than that of a Vref1 end, the operational amplifier U1 preferentially outputs high level to a current-limiting resistor R8 and a light-emitting diode LED1, and the light-emitting diode LED1 is bright; then the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier is higher than the voltage of the Vref2 terminal, the operational amplifier U2 outputs a high level to the current-limiting resistor R9 and the light-emitting diode LED2 later than the operational amplifier U1, the light-emitting diode LED2 is on, and the sequential turn-on of positive logic is realized;
in a positive logic reverse order turn-off state, the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is thrown to an a end, an operational amplifier in the operational amplifier module (3) discharges through a discharging loop, meanwhile, the potential of a Tcom end gradually decreases, a constant reference voltage loop generates voltage and transmits the voltage to an inverting end of the operational amplifier in the operational module, wherein the voltage of a Vref1 end is smaller than that of a Vref2 end, when the voltage of the inverting end of the operational amplifier is lower than that of the Vref2 end in the reference module (2), the operational amplifier U2 preferentially outputs low level to a current-limiting resistor R9 and a light-emitting diode LED2, and the light-emitting diode LED2 is turned off; and then the voltage of the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier is lower than the voltage of the Vref1 terminal, the operational amplifier U1 outputs a low level to the current-limiting resistor R8 and the light-emitting diode LED1 later than the operational amplifier U2, and the light-emitting diode LED1 is extinguished, so that the reverse order turn-off of the positive logic is realized.
As shown in fig. 8, another embodiment of the forward-switching/reverse-switching circuit formed by operational amplifiers according to the present invention has substantially the same operation as the embodiment of fig. 7, except that two sets of operational amplifiers, i.e., an operational amplifier U3 and an operational amplifier U4, are added to the operational amplifier module (3), two sets of reference resistors, i.e., a reference resistor Rref3 and a reference resistor Rref4, are added to the reference module (2), and two sets of series loads, i.e., a current limiting resistor R10 and a light emitting diode LED3, a current limiting resistor R11 and a light emitting diode LED4, are added to the output terminal;
the positive logic sequence opening process, the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is thrown to the end b, and the sequence of the lighting of the light emitting diodes is as follows: the LED comprises a light emitting diode LED1, a light emitting diode LED2, a light emitting diode LED3 and a light emitting diode LED4;
in the positive logic reverse turn-off process, the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is thrown to the end a, and the sequence of the turn-off of the light-emitting diodes is as follows: light emitting diode LED4, light emitting diode LED3, light emitting diode LED2, light emitting diode LED1.
Claims (6)
1. A circuit of a forward-open reverse-switch formed by an operational amplifier is characterized by comprising a charge-discharge module (1), a reference module (2) and an operational amplifier module (3);
the operational amplifier module (3) is a comparator circuit formed by an operational amplifier, and generates corresponding control logic signals which are sequentially switched on or switched off in a reverse order according to the working states of the charge-discharge module (1) and the reference module (2) and are used for transmitting, driving or indicating a next-stage circuit;
the charge and discharge module (1) comprises a single-pole double-throw switch S1, a discharge resistor R1, a charge and discharge resistor R2 and a charge and discharge capacitor C1; one fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is an a end and is connected with one end of a discharge resistor R1 to play a role in reverse turn off, and the other end of the discharge resistor R1 is connected with a power ground; the other fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is a b end and is connected with a power supply VCC to play a role in sequential switching-on; the common end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is a com end and is connected with one end of a charge-discharge resistor R2, the other end of the charge-discharge resistor R2 is connected with one end of a charge-discharge capacitor C1, the connection point is set to be a Tcom end, and the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 is connected with a power ground;
the reference module (2) comprises a direct current source A1, a bias resistor R3, a reference resistor Rref1 and a reference resistor Rref2; the negative end of the direct current source A1 is connected with a power ground, the positive end of the direct current source A1 is connected with one end of a bias resistor R3, the other end of the bias resistor R3 is connected with one end of a reference resistor Rref2, the connection point is set to be a Vref2 end, the other end of the reference resistor Rref2 is connected with one end of a reference resistor Rref1, the connection point is set to be a Vref1 end, and the other end of the reference resistor Rref1 is connected with the power ground;
the operational amplifier module (3) comprises an operational amplifier U1 and an operational amplifier U2, the in-phase end of the operational amplifier U1 and the in-phase end of the operational amplifier U2 are both connected with the Tcom end of the charge-discharge module (1), the inverting end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with the Vref1 end of the reference module (2), the inverting end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with the Vref2 end of the reference module (2), the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is OUT1, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2 is OUT2;
the charging and discharging module (1) is provided with two working loops, wherein the first loop is that a power supply VCC, a b end and a com end of a single-pole double-throw switch S1, a charging and discharging resistor R2, a charging and discharging capacitor C1 and a power supply ground form a charging loop, the rising speed of the voltage of a Tcom end during charging is directly related to a time constant, and the time constant is the product of the charging and discharging resistor R2 and the charging and discharging capacitor C1; the second loop is a discharge loop formed by a power ground, a discharge resistor R1, an a end and a com end of the single-pole double-throw switch S1, a charge-discharge resistor R2, a charge-discharge capacitor C1 and the power ground, the voltage of the Tcom end is decreased quickly and slowly and is directly related to another time constant, and the time constant is the sum of the discharge resistor R1 and the charge-discharge resistor R2 and is multiplied by the charge-discharge capacitor C1;
the constant reference voltage loop generated by the reference module (2) consists of a direct current source A1, a bias resistor R3, a reference resistor Rref2 and a reference resistor Rref1, the size of the reference voltage is determined by parameters of the direct current source A1, the bias resistor R3, the reference resistor Rref2 and the reference resistor Rref1, and the voltage at the Vref1 end is smaller than the voltage at the Vref2 end;
the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is thrown to the end b, the voltage of the Tcom end gradually rises, when the voltage is higher than the voltage of the Vref1 end, the output end OUT1 of the operational amplifier U1 can preferentially output high level, when the voltage is higher than the voltage of the Vref2 end, the output end OUT2 of the operational amplifier U2 can output high level later than the output end OUT1, and positive logic sequential opening is achieved;
the single-pole double-throw switch S1 is thrown to the end a, the voltage of the Tcom end gradually drops, when the voltage is lower than the voltage of the Vref2 end, the output end OUT2 of the operational amplifier U2 outputs a low level preferentially, when the voltage is lower than the voltage of the Vref1 end, the output end OUT1 of the operational amplifier U1 outputs a low level later than the output end OUT2, and positive logic reverse order turn-off is achieved.
2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the single-pole double-throw switch S1 in the charge-discharge module (1) is replaced by a single-pole single-throw switch S2 and a single-pole single-throw switch S3;
namely, one end of the single-pole single-throw switch S3 is connected with a power supply VCC, the other end of the single-pole single-throw switch S3 is connected with one end of a charge and discharge resistor R2, and the other end of the charge and discharge resistor R2 is connected with a Tcom end;
one end of the single-pole single-throw switch S2 is connected with one end of the discharge resistor R1, the other end of the discharge resistor R1 is connected with a power ground, the other end of the single-pole single-throw switch S2 is connected with a Tcom end and one end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1, and the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 is connected with the power ground.
3. The circuit of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the operational amplifier constitutes a forward-switching and reverse-switching circuit, and the discharge resistor R1, the charge-discharge resistor R2, or the charge-discharge capacitor C1 in the charge-discharge module (1) can be replaced by an adjustable discharge resistor Rw1, an adjustable charge-discharge resistor Rw2, or an adjustable charge-discharge capacitor Cw1; the bias resistor Rw3, the reference resistor Rrefw1 or the reference resistor Rrefw2 in the reference module (2) can be replaced by an adjustable bias resistor Rw3, an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw1 or an adjustable reference resistor Rrefw2.
4. A circuit for forming a forward-switching inverse switch by an operational amplifier as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dc current source A1 in the reference module (2) is replaced by a dc voltage source V1, the negative terminal is connected to a power ground, and the positive terminal is connected to one end of the bias resistor R3 or one end of the adjustable bias resistor Rw 3.
5. The circuit of one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reference resistance Rref2 or the adjustable reference resistance Rrefw2 in the reference module (2) is replaced by a reference resistance Rref2, a reference resistance Rref3, an adjustable reference resistance Rrefw 8230, an adjustable reference resistance Rrefw3, an adjustable reference resistance Rrefwn, an adjustable reference resistance Rrefw3, an adjustable reference resistance Rrefwn, a connection point corresponding to n ≧ 3 is set as Vref2 terminal, vref3 terminal, 8230, vrefn terminal; correspondingly, the operational amplifier U2 in the operational amplifier module (3) is also replaced by an operational amplifier U2 and an operational amplifier U3, 8230, and the operational amplifier Un, in addition, the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is correspondingly connected to a Vref2 terminal, the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U3 is correspondingly connected to a Vref3 terminal, \8230, and the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier Un is correspondingly connected to a Vrefn terminal; meanwhile, the in-phase terminals of all the operational amplifiers are connected with the Tcom terminal; finally, the output end OUT2 is set to be the output end OUT2, the output end OUT3, \8230, and the output end OUTn, respectively.
6. The circuit of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the charge/discharge module (1) and the reference module (2) are kept unchanged, the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is correspondingly connected to the Vref1 terminal, the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is correspondingly connected to the Vref2 terminal, \8230;, the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier Un is correspondingly connected to the Vrefn terminal; the inverting terminals of all the operational amplifiers are connected with the Tcom terminal, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; compared with the positive logic control, the negative logic control can be realized, namely low-level switching-on and high-level switching-off.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110359080.XA CN115173821A (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2021-04-02 | Circuit with forward-open and reverse-open switches formed by operational amplifiers |
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| CN202110359080.XA CN115173821A (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2021-04-02 | Circuit with forward-open and reverse-open switches formed by operational amplifiers |
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