CN115173582A - Wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capabilities - Google Patents

Wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capabilities Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115173582A
CN115173582A CN202210735544.7A CN202210735544A CN115173582A CN 115173582 A CN115173582 A CN 115173582A CN 202210735544 A CN202210735544 A CN 202210735544A CN 115173582 A CN115173582 A CN 115173582A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
self
dual
power
antenna
tracking
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Pending
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CN202210735544.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘震国
张超
陆卫兵
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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Priority to CN202210735544.7A priority Critical patent/CN115173582A/en
Publication of CN115173582A publication Critical patent/CN115173582A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/086751 priority patent/WO2024001396A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H02J50/23Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves characterised by the type of transmitting antennas, e.g. directional array antennas or Yagi antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H02J50/27Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves characterised by the type of receiving antennas, e.g. rectennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30Electrical components

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a wireless energy transmission system with self-energy supply and beam self-tracking capabilities, which comprises a backtracking antenna array with self-energy supply and beam self-tracking and a dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna; the dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna sends out beacon signals, the beacon signals are received by the backtracking antenna array with self-energy supply and wave beam self-tracking, and the backtracking signals are sent out to the dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna by the backtracking antenna array with self-energy supply and wave beam self-tracking after signal processing. The invention provides a wireless energy transmission system with self-energy supply and beam self-tracking capabilities, which can automatically position a terminal rectifying antenna and provide power amplified electromagnetic energy without a complex phased array network and artificially providing additional energy. The system can track a plurality of moving terminals by means of solar energy only and provide energy to the terminals through the rectennas of the terminals.

Description

Wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capabilities
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a wireless energy transmission system, and more particularly, to a traceable antenna array capable of being self-powered and having an automatic tracking beam, and a terminal rectenna system thereof.
Technical Field
With the development of 5G communication and Internet of things technologies, the number of communication base stations and sensors is increased explosively, and the energy supply problem of the communication base stations and the sensors becomes an urgent problem to be solved. Among them, the wireless energy transmission technology has attracted extensive attention of researchers due to its convenient and flexible charging manner. For an ideal wireless energy transmission system, the gain of the antenna of the transmitting end or the receiving end is improved, and the power output of the receiving end can be obviously improved. However, in practice, the gain of the antenna and the beam width of the antenna are often in a relationship with each other: when the gain of the antenna is increased, the beam width of the antenna is significantly narrowed. At this time, the maximum beam direction of the transmitting antenna may need to be continuously adjusted by using a phased array technology to align with the maximum beam direction of the receiving antenna of the terminal, which increases the complexity of the system and the cost, may not be able to supply power to the electronic device in rapid movement, and the complex phased array network may also cause power loss, which affects the power loss of the whole system for wireless energy transmission, thereby reducing the efficiency of the system.
On the other hand, solar energy is the largest energy density in the environment, and has the characteristics of greenness, no pollution, convenience in utilization and the like, and is widely used in various fields. Among them, solar antennas have become a popular field of research. Generally, a solar antenna is a combination of a solar cell and an antenna system, and the solar cell provides power to an electronic device by receiving solar energy. The self-powered system can be widely applied to outdoor communication equipment. However, in some application scenarios, when the terminal itself is small or cannot be integrated with a solar cell, wireless charging of the terminal by other arrays is a feasible solution. Therefore, the terminal system can be supplied with energy when wired charging is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: in order to overcome the deficiencies or needs of the prior art and to combine the characteristics of a self-powered antenna, a wireless energy transmission system with self-power and beam self-tracking capabilities is proposed herein, which combines solar energy with a retroactive antenna and can directly convert the energy received by a solar cell into the energy of a retroactive signal of a transmitter, thereby providing energy to a terminal system.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the above technical problems, a wireless energy transmission system with self-power and beam self-tracking capabilities of the present invention adopts a specific method that:
the system comprises a backtracking antenna array with self-energy supply and beam self-tracking and a dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna; the dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna sends out beacon signals, the beacon signals are received by the backtracking antenna array with self-energy supply and beam self-tracking, and the backtracking signals are sent out by the backtracking antenna array with self-energy supply and beam self-tracking to the dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna after signal processing.
The traceback antenna array with the self-energy supply and the wave beam self-tracking at least comprises 1 multiplied by 4 dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna arrays, and an active phase conjugation circuit and a power management circuit which are connected with the dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna arrays; the positive and negative poles of the solar cell in the dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array are connected to a power management circuit through an inductor and a lead, the output end of the power management circuit is connected with two power amplifier power supply ports of an active phase conjugation circuit, and the power management circuit provides a power supply for the active phase conjugation circuit; and the input/output port of the active phase conjugation circuit is respectively connected with two feed ports of the dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array.
The dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array is composed of a solar panel, a dielectric substrate and a metal ground; the solar cell panel is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the metal ground is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and the solar cell panel is used as a radiator of the dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array.
The active phase conjugation circuit consists of a mixer and two power amplification circuits, wherein a signal from one end of a feed port enters a first power amplification circuit, the signal is amplified by the first power amplification circuit and then sent to the mixer, the signal mixed by the mixer is sent to a second power amplification circuit, and the processed signal is sent to the other end of the feed port by the second power amplification circuit; the power supply from the solar cell is fed into the power management circuit, and the power management circuit supplies power to the mixer and the two power amplification circuits.
The dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna consists of a dual-polarized microstrip antenna and a corresponding rectifying circuit; one polarization port inputs a beacon signal and transmits the beacon signal through the microstrip antenna unit, and the other polarization port connects a signal received by the microstrip antenna and coming from the backtracking antenna with the rectifying circuit for rectification.
The output end of the dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array is connected with the power management circuit through an inductor and a wire, and the radiation characteristic of the antenna and the direct current output of the solar cell are isolated by the inductor.
The dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array is provided with two feed ports which are respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the phase conjugate circuit, so that the isolation of antenna receiving and transmitting is realized.
The frequency mixer adopts the model ADE-25MH, the frequency of a local oscillation signal is 1760MHz, the input frequency is 880MHz, and the received beacon signals are mixed to realize the conjugation of the phase.
The two power amplifying circuits are of model TQP3M9008 and are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of the mixer to amplify the power of the received beacon signals.
The power management circuit adopts a circuit with the model of LM2596 DC-DC, and converts electric energy output by solar energy to a voltage point suitable for the work of the power amplifier through the DC-DC.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the self-powered energy supply does not need additional energy supply, and the electric energy converted by the solar cell is used for supplying energy to the active phase conjugation circuit.
2. The method has the capability of automatically tracking the wave beam, does not need a complex phased array network, and reduces the loss and the time delay of the transmitting antenna. Multiple, moving sensors may be powered simultaneously.
3. The wireless energy transmission system can independently work outdoors without artificial interference and automatically provides energy for the sensor.
The transmitter with the beam backtracking function effectively meets the requirements of a wireless energy transmission system on high gain and a large beam range of an array antenna, overcomes the defect that the traditional array antenna is difficult to realize high directionality and large beam range coverage under the condition of not using a phased array mechanism, and can provide a high-gain and wide-beam-range emission source for the wireless energy transmission system by using only one simple mixer and two power amplifiers on the premise of not needing a complex phase control network.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the self-powered retrospective antenna array of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the self-powered retrospective antenna array of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the S-parameters of the self-powered retrospective antenna array of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an E-plane pattern of the self-powered retrospective antenna array of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an H-plane pattern of the self-powered retrospective antenna array of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a rectenna in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an S parameter of the rectenna in the present invention.
Fig. 9 shows the output voltage and rectification efficiency of a simulation of a rectifier circuit according to the present invention.
The figure has the following components: the device comprises a dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array 1, an active phase conjugation circuit 2, a power management circuit 3, a dual-polarized micro-strip antenna 4, a rectification circuit 5, a wire 6, a dielectric substrate 7, a mixer 8, a power amplifier 9, a feed port 10, an inductor 11 and a metal ground 12.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capabilities, which comprises a backtracking antenna array with self-powered beam self-tracking and a dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna as shown in figure 1. The working principle of the invention is as follows: firstly, a beacon signal of a vertical polarized wave is transmitted from one port of a dual-polarized microstrip antenna 4 with a rectification function of a terminal, when a dual-polarized solar microstrip antenna array 1 with a backtracking function receives the beacon signal, the beacon signal is transmitted along an incoming wave square wave in another polarization mode from the other port of the backtracking antenna array antenna after phase conjugation and power amplification of an active phase conjugation circuit 2, and the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 4 with the rectification function of the terminal can receive the amplified signal and rectify and output a direct current voltage to provide energy for sensor work.
The self-powered beam self-tracking traceable antenna array is shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, and the self-powered and self-beam tracking antenna array structure based on the solar cell comprises a dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array 1, an active phase conjugate circuit 2, a power management circuit 3 and connecting circuits thereof. The dual-polarized solar microstrip antenna array 1 at least comprises 1 × 4 solar cells, a dielectric substrate 7 and a metal ground 12, wherein the size of each solar cell is 80mm × 80mm × 2mm, the floor of the antenna is made of all metal, the anode and the cathode of each solar cell are respectively arranged on two sides of the antenna, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 7 is 2mm, the adopted dielectric plate is FR4, the dielectric constant is 4.4, and the tangent loss angle is 0.02. The overall size of the array antenna is 190mm x 760mm. The working frequency band of the antenna is 880MHz, each antenna unit is respectively provided with two ports corresponding to horizontal polarization and vertical polarization.
The antenna with the rectifying function of the terminal is shown in fig. 7 and comprises a dual-polarized microstrip antenna 4 and a rectifying circuit 5. The working frequency band of the antenna is 880MHz same as that of the retrospective antenna. The antenna has two ports, each corresponding to a polarization mode, which are respectively a receiving end and a transmitting end of the antenna. When the antenna transmits by vertical polarized wave and receives the signal of the backtracking array by horizontal polarization, the receiving end is connected with a rectifying circuit, the working frequency of the rectifying circuit is 880MHz, and the S parameter is shown in figure 8. The simulated output voltage and the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit are shown in fig. 9.
The active phase conjugation circuit 2 is composed of a mixer 8 and two power amplifiers 9 and additional capacitance inductors, the model of the mixer 8 is ADE-25MH, the frequency of a local oscillation signal is 1760MHz, received beacons are mixed to achieve phase conjugation, the model of the power amplifier 9 is TQP3M9008, the power amplifiers are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of the mixer, and power amplification is carried out on the received beacon signals. The energy source of the power amplifier 9 is provided by a solar cell, the solar cell converts the received solar energy into electric energy and inputs the electric energy into the power management circuit 3 through the inductor 11 and the lead 6, the power management circuit adopts a circuit model LM2596 DC-DC, and the power management circuit 3 outputs a stable voltage source to provide energy for the power amplifier 9. The inductor 11 can be used for isolating the direct current output of the solar energy and the alternating current radiation of the antenna. The unit of the dual-polarized solar microstrip antenna array 1 with the backtracking function is provided with two feed ports 10, each port correspondingly realizes one polarization, and polarization isolation of receiving and transmitting is realized. Each port is respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the active phase conjugation circuit 2, and the functions of polarization conversion, phase conjugation and power amplification are simultaneously realized in the process of receiving and transmitting signals. The dual-polarized solar microstrip antenna array 1 is made of solar cells 1, which can convert the collected solar energy into electrical energy, and the cells thereof
The components and structures of the present embodiments that are not described in detail are well known in the art and do not constitute essential structural or functional units.
Selecting simulation software such as high-frequency simulation software of HFSS of Ansoft company, ADS of AGILENT company and the like, and performing simulation on a computer to obtain: the curves obtained above are actually obtained under given conditions, as shown in the main polarization and cross-polarization patterns of the plane E shown in fig. 7 and the main polarization and cross-polarization patterns of the plane H shown in fig. 6, and similar curves can be obtained by changing the structural parameters.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and enhancements can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and enhancements are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A wireless energy transmission system with self-energy supply and beam self-tracking capability is characterized in that the system comprises a backtracking antenna array with self-energy supply and beam self-tracking and a dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna; the dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna sends out beacon signals, the beacon signals are received by the backtracking antenna array with self-energy supply and wave beam self-tracking, and the backtracking signals are sent out to the dual-polarized terminal rectifying antenna by the backtracking antenna array with self-energy supply and wave beam self-tracking after signal processing.
2. The wireless energy transmission system with self-power and beam self-tracking capability according to claim 1, wherein the retroactive antenna array with self-power and beam self-tracking comprises at least 1 x 4 dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna arrays (1) and active phase conjugation circuits (2) and power management circuits (3) connected thereto; the anode and the cathode of a solar cell in the dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array (1) are connected to a power management circuit (3) through an inductor (11) and a lead (6), the output end of the power management circuit (3) is connected with two power amplifier (9) power supply ports of an active phase conjugation circuit (2), and the power management circuit (3) provides power for the active phase conjugation circuit (2); the input and output ports of the active phase conjugate circuit (2) are respectively connected with two feed ports (10) of the dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array (1).
3. The wireless energy transfer system with self-energizing and beam self-tracking capability according to claim 2, characterized in that the dual-polarized solar microstrip antenna array (1) is composed of a solar panel, a dielectric substrate (7) and a metal ground (12); the solar cell panel is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (7), the metal ground (12) is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (7), and the solar cell panel is simultaneously used as a radiator of the dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array (1).
4. The wireless energy transmission system with self-power supply and beam self-tracking capability according to claim 2, characterized in that the active phase conjugation circuit (2) comprises a mixer (8) and two power amplification circuits (9), wherein a signal from one end of the feed port (10) enters the first power amplification circuit, the signal is amplified by the first power amplification circuit and then sent to the mixer (8), the signal mixed by the mixer (8) is sent to the second power amplification circuit, and the processed signal is sent to the other end of the feed port (10) by the second power amplification circuit; power from the solar cell is sent to the power management circuit (3), and the power management circuit (3) supplies power to the mixer (8) and the two power amplification circuits (9).
5. A wireless energy transfer system with self-powering and beam self-tracking capabilities according to claim 1, characterized in that said dual polarized terminal rectenna consists of a dual polarized microstrip antenna (4) and a corresponding rectifying circuit (5); one polarization port inputs a beacon signal and transmits the beacon signal through the microstrip antenna unit, and the other polarization port connects a signal received by the microstrip antenna and coming from the backtracking antenna with the rectifying circuit for rectification.
6. The system of claim 2, wherein the system is configured to be self powered and beam self tracking, and further configured to: the output end of the dual-polarized solar micro-strip antenna array (1) is connected with the power management circuit (3) through an inductor (11) and a lead (6), and the radiation characteristic of the antenna and the direct current output of the solar cell are isolated by the inductor (11).
7. The wireless energy transmission system with self-power supply and beam self-tracking capability according to claim 2, characterized in that two feeding ports (10) of the dual-polarized solar microstrip antenna array (1) are respectively connected with the input and output ends of the phase conjugation circuit (2), so as to realize the isolation of antenna receiving and transmitting.
8. The wireless energy transmission system with self-energizing and beam self-tracking capability according to claim 4, characterized in that the mixer (8) is of type ADE-25MH, the local oscillator signal has a frequency of 1760MHz and the input frequency is 880MHz, and the received beacon signal is mixed to achieve the phase conjugation.
9. A wireless energy transmission system with self-powering and beam self-tracking capabilities according to claim 4, characterized in that the two power amplification circuits (9) are of type TQP3M9008, connected respectively to the input and to the output of the mixer, for power amplifying the received beacon signal.
10. The system of claim 2, wherein the power management circuit (3) is of type LM2596 DC-DC, which converts the electric energy from the solar output to a voltage point suitable for the operation of the power amplifier via DC-DC.
CN202210735544.7A 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 Wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capabilities Pending CN115173582A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210735544.7A CN115173582A (en) 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 Wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capabilities
PCT/CN2023/086751 WO2024001396A1 (en) 2022-06-27 2023-04-07 Wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capability

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210735544.7A CN115173582A (en) 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 Wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capabilities

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024001396A1 (en) * 2022-06-27 2024-01-04 东南大学 Wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capability

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013059441A1 (en) * 2011-10-18 2013-04-25 Witricity Corporation Wireless energy transfer for photovoltaic panels
US10555781B2 (en) * 2017-11-15 2020-02-11 Stryker Corporation High bandwidth and low latency hybrid communication techniques for a navigation system
CN108832728B (en) * 2018-06-24 2021-12-03 西安电子科技大学 Wireless energy transmission system and method based on direction backtracking antenna
CN111030324B (en) * 2019-12-09 2021-05-28 南京航空航天大学 Multi-target mobile equipment tracking wireless energy transmission method and system
CN113890204A (en) * 2021-10-08 2022-01-04 杨士中 Microwave power transmission system of space solar power station
CN115173582A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-10-11 东南大学 Wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capabilities

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024001396A1 (en) * 2022-06-27 2024-01-04 东南大学 Wireless energy transmission system with self-powered and beam self-tracking capability

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