CN115172136B - Method for adjusting initial state of ion group - Google Patents
Method for adjusting initial state of ion group Download PDFInfo
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- CN115172136B CN115172136B CN202210818929.XA CN202210818929A CN115172136B CN 115172136 B CN115172136 B CN 115172136B CN 202210818929 A CN202210818929 A CN 202210818929A CN 115172136 B CN115172136 B CN 115172136B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 205
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005040 ion trap Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001269 time-of-flight mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001196 time-of-flight mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/0027—Methods for using particle spectrometers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/0027—Methods for using particle spectrometers
- H01J49/0031—Step by step routines describing the use of the apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/04—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a method for adjusting an initial state of an ion group, and relates to the technical fields of mass spectrometry and migration tubes. The method comprises the following steps: injecting an ion cluster generated by an ion source into an adsorption cavity formed between the substrate and the extraction electrode; and adsorbing the ion groups on the surface of the substrate, and desorbing and leading out the stable ions after the ion groups are stable. The ion source generates ion groups which are adsorbed on the same surface of the substrate, so that the ion state is homogenized. And after the ions are stabilized, carrying out desorption and extraction, and leading out ions by the same voltage when the ions move on the same plane at the same time, so that the ion-ion separation device has a good consistent state, eliminates the initial space, kinetic energy and time dispersion of the ion mass, and then desorbs the ions under the action of electric field pulse, thereby realizing a more concentrated ion mass for the subsequent analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mass spectrometry and migration tube, in particular to a method for adjusting an initial state of an ion group.
Background
Mass spectrometry is a type of instrument that analyzes and detects the properties of ions by the fact that ions of different mass-to-charge ratios or energy-to-charge ratios have different motion laws in an electromagnetic field. The quality of mass spectrum performance has close relation with the initial state of the ion mass.
In particular in time-of-flight mass spectrometers, the principle of time-of-flight mass spectrometry is followed: resolution r=m/Δm=t/2Δt. Wherein M is ion mass number; Δm: ion phase difference mass number; t: ion time of flight; Δt: the ion time diverges. It is understood that the smaller the deltat, the higher the mass spectrum resolution at the same time of flight. And Δt is determined by factors such as the initial state (space, energy, time) of the ions. The initial state of the ion group has space dispersion (the ions in the ion group are not in the same plane), kinetic energy dispersion (the ions in the ion group have different kinetic energies), time dispersion (the generation time of the ions in the ion group is inconsistent) and the like, and these factors limit the improvement of the time-of-flight mass spectrum performance to a great extent. Various methods have been proposed to reduce the impact of initial conditions on instrument performance, mainly to reduce the impact of initial dispersion on results and to improve the initial conditions of the ion clusters. Method for eliminating influence of initial dispersion on performance: and adjusting the flight track of the ion mass by means of beam optical law and the like. In improving the initial state of the ion mass: the principle is that the ion trap, quadrupole rod, etc. are used to restrict the ions by electric field, reduce the dispersion of space position, collide with cooling gas, reduce the dispersion of kinetic energy, and generate the ions with higher flux and more concentrated state. However, the ion clusters themselves are still in motion, and there is still a degree of dispersion that cannot be eliminated.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for regulating the initial state of an ion group.
The invention is realized in the following way:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of adjusting an initial state of an ion cluster comprising:
Injecting an ion cluster generated by an ion source into an adsorption cavity formed between the substrate and the extraction electrode;
Adsorbing the ion groups to the surface of the substrate, and desorbing the stable ions adsorbed to the surface of the substrate after the ion groups are stable;
the desorbed stable ions are led out through the leading-out electrode.
In an alternative embodiment, the ion clusters are injected into the adsorption cavity in a direction parallel to the substrate or in a direction of 1-90 ° to the substrate.
In alternative embodiments, the means of introducing the ion clusters into the adsorption chamber comprises pulsed introduction, continuous flow introduction or generation directly above the substrate;
Preferably, the ion clusters are pulsed or continuously introduced using an ion transport system comprising an introduction electrode and a collision cell provided with an N pole, the substrate being provided at the end of the N pole.
In alternative embodiments, the N pole is a quadrupole, hexapole or octapole.
In an alternative embodiment, the adsorption mode includes applying a voltage to the adsorption cavity opposite to the charge polarity of the ion clusters to adsorb the ion clusters to the surface of the substrate; or adsorbing the ion clusters to the surface of the substrate with a gas flow purge.
In alternative embodiments, the desorption extraction means comprises applying an electric field desorption, thermal desorption or air flow pushing.
In an alternative embodiment, the substrate is arranged parallel to the extraction electrode.
In alternative embodiments, the material of the substrate comprises an insulator or a semiconductor.
In an alternative embodiment, the pulse applied when introducing the ion mass is synchronized with the adsorption voltage applied when adsorbing the ion mass, and the desorption voltage applied when desorbing the stable ion is synchronized with the extraction voltage applied when extracting the stable ion.
The application has the following beneficial effects: the initial state of the ion group generated by the ion source has space dispersion (each ion in the ion group is not in the same plane), kinetic energy dispersion (each ion in the ion group has different kinetic energy) and time dispersion (each ion in the ion group is generated in different time), so that the mass spectrum performance is reduced. After the ions are stabilized, the ions are desorbed and led out, and the ions are led out by the same voltage due to the simultaneous movement of the ions on the same plane, so that the ion storage device has a good consistent state, the initial space, kinetic energy and time dispersion of the ion clusters are eliminated, and then the ions are desorbed under the action of electric field pulse, so that the ion clusters with a more concentrated state are realized for subsequent analysis. Compared with the existing ion state adjusting technology, the method has the following technical effects: the desorbed stable ions start from the same plane, so that the space dispersion can be well eliminated. The desorbed stable ions are extracted by the same voltage so the ions will have the same kinetic energy, thus eliminating kinetic energy dispersion. The desorbed stable ions are simultaneously extracted by the pulsed voltage so that the ions will start to move simultaneously, thus eliminating time dispersion.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a substrate arrangement in the method for adjusting an initial state of an ion cluster according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
Fig. 2 is a schematic working time sequence diagram of the working modes of ion group introduction, adsorption, desorption and extraction in the method for adjusting the initial state of ion groups according to embodiment 1 of the present application.
Icon: 101-introducing an electrode; 102-N pole; 103-a substrate; 104-an adsorption chamber; 105-extraction electrode; 106-adsorbing electrode.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a method for adjusting an initial state of an ion cluster, which includes the following steps:
s1, ion clusters generated by an ion source are injected into an adsorption cavity 104 formed between the substrate 103 and the extraction electrode 105.
The selection of the ion source can be referred to in the prior art, and is not described in detail in the present application.
In the present application, by providing the substrate 103, the substrate 103 can serve to stabilize dispersed ion clusters generated by the ion source. Specifically, the material of the substrate 103 includes, but is not limited to, an insulator or a semiconductor. Preferably, the substrate 103 is high temperature annealed silicon dioxide. The shape of the substrate 103 is not limited, and may be, for example, circular, square, triangular, curved, or the like, as long as adsorption of the ion clusters to the surface of the substrate 103 can be achieved.
In the present application, the ion clusters are injected into the adsorption chamber 104 in a direction parallel to the substrate 103 or in a direction of 1 to 90 ° with respect to the substrate 103. The manner in which the ion clusters are introduced into the adsorption chamber 104 includes pulsed introduction, continuous flow introduction, or generation directly above the substrate 103.
The pulse introduction means an introduction mode in a pulse form with a certain time interval. The specific implementation method can be as follows: an electrode is arranged between the N pole and the adsorption cavity, pulse voltage is applied to the electrode, the potential is reduced when the electrode needs to be led out, and the potential is not raised when the electrode needs to be led out. So that only one ion cluster is present above the substrate 103 for a certain period of time.
Continuous flow introduction refers to continuous introduction of ions over the substrate 103. Still absorbed by the absorption voltage in the form of pulses.
The ion clusters are pulsed or continuously introduced using an ion transport system comprising an introduction electrode 101 and a collision cell provided with an N pole 102, a substrate 103 being provided at the end of the N pole 102. The ion clusters ingested by the ion source are transported into the adsorption chamber 104 via an ion transport system.
The ions are generated directly above the substrate 103 without the previous ion transport system (no N pole 102, no collision cell) and directly above the substrate 103. The possible implementation is: the sample is passed over the substrate 103 and then bombarded with laser light or high energy electrons/ions. Upon bombardment, the sample ionizes, producing ions.
The pulse introduction, continuous flow introduction or direct generation on the substrate 103 have no technical difficulty, and belong to the common technology of mass spectrometry, and specific implementation parameters can be adjusted according to specific conditions.
S2, adsorbing the ion groups injected into the adsorption cavity 104 to the surface of the substrate 103.
In the present application, as long as the adsorption of the ion clusters to the surface of the substrate 103 can be achieved, specific embodiments are not limited, and the adsorption manner includes, but is not limited to, applying a voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the charge of the ion clusters to the adsorption chamber 104 so as to adsorb the ion clusters to the surface of the substrate 103; or adsorption of the ion clusters to the surface of the substrate 103 using a gas flow purge. When pulse introduction and voltage adsorption are adopted in the application, the pulse applied when the ion mass is introduced and the adsorption voltage applied when the ion mass is adsorbed are synchronously carried out.
S3, after the ion groups are stabilized, the stabilized ions adsorbed to the surface of the substrate 103 are desorbed.
The desorption and extraction modes comprise electric field desorption, thermal desorption or airflow pushing. The desorption by applying an electric field means that a voltage opposite to the adsorption voltage is applied to perform desorption, and the thermal desorption is to transfer the internal energy to the adsorbed ions by heating the substrate 103 and increasing the internal energy of the molecules of the material of the substrate 103. When the internal energy of the absorbed ions increases to be greater than the surface adsorption energy of the ions, the ions are desorbed from the substrate. The air flow pushing means that the adsorbed ions are desorbed by the air flow pushing force. The specific possible implementation is: ions are desorbed using a gas at the back side of the substrate 103 using a porous gas permeable material.
And S4, leading out the desorbed stable ions through the leading-out electrode 105.
The extraction electrode 105 may be provided in various positions as long as extraction of the extracted stable ions is achieved, and in this embodiment, the substrate 103 is preferably disposed parallel to the extraction electrode 105, which is more convenient for extraction of the stable ions. When the application adopts voltage desorption and voltage extraction, the desorption voltage applied when the stable ions are desorbed and the extraction voltage applied when the stable ions are extracted are synchronously carried out.
In the application, the substrate 103 is arranged, and the dispersed ion groups emitted by the ion source are adsorbed on the plane of the substrate 103, so that the ions are adsorbed on the same surface, and the ion state is homogenized. Then, ions are desorbed through the action of electric field pulse, and the ions are desorbed, so that the ion clusters with more concentrated states are realized for subsequent analysis.
Compared with the existing ion state adjusting technology, the method has the following technical effects: the desorbed stable ions start from the same plane, so that the space dispersion can be well eliminated. The desorbed stable ions are extracted by the same voltage so the ions will have the same kinetic energy, thus eliminating kinetic energy dispersion. The desorbed stable ions are simultaneously extracted by the pulsed voltage so that the ions will start to move simultaneously, thus eliminating time dispersion.
The features and capabilities of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present application provides a method for adjusting an initial state of an ion cluster, which includes the following steps:
s1, introducing anions generated by an ion source into a collision cell provided with an N pole 102 through an introduction electrode 101;
S2, injecting the ion clusters into the adsorption cavity 104 in a direction parallel to the substrate 103 by pulse injection, and then applying a voltage (high level) with a polarity opposite to that of the ion clusters to the adsorption electrode 106 on one side of the substrate 103, so that the ion clusters are adsorbed to the surface of the circular substrate 103 made of silicon dioxide. The pulse applied when the ion mass is introduced is synchronized with the adsorption voltage applied when the ion mass is adsorbed.
And S3, after the ion groups are stabilized, desorbing the stabilized ions adsorbed to the surface of the substrate 103 by applying an electric field (low level).
And S4, leading out the desorbed stable ions through the leading-out electrode 105 parallel to the substrate 103, wherein the desorption voltage applied when the stable ions are desorbed and the leading-out voltage applied when the stable ions are led out are synchronous.
Example 2
The application provides a method for adjusting the initial state of an ion group, which comprises the following steps:
s1, introducing anions generated by an ion source into a collision cell provided with an N pole 102 through an introduction electrode 101;
S2, injecting the ion clusters into the adsorption cavity 104 in a direction parallel to the substrate 103 by adopting a continuous flow introduction mode, and then adopting airflow purging to adsorb the ion clusters on the surface of the substrate 103. The continuous flow applied when introducing the ion clusters is synchronized with the gas flow applied when adsorbing the ion clusters.
And S3, after the ion groups are stabilized, heating the substrate 103 to enable the stabilized ions adsorbed to the surface of the substrate 103 to be desorbed in a thermal desorption mode.
And S4, leading out the desorbed stable ions through the leading-out electrode 105 parallel to the substrate 103, wherein the high temperature applied during the desorption of the stable ions is synchronous with the leading-out voltage applied during the leading-out of the stable ions.
Example 3
The application provides a method for adjusting the initial state of an ion group, which comprises the following steps:
S1, directly connecting a sample to the upper side of the substrate 103, bombarding sample molecules by using laser, and ionizing the sample to generate ions to directly generate an ion group above the substrate 103.
S2, after the ion groups are stabilized, the stabilized ions adsorbed to the surface of the substrate 103 are desorbed in an airflow pushing mode.
And S3, leading out the desorbed stable ions through the leading-out electrode 105 parallel to the substrate 103, wherein the high temperature applied during the desorption of the stable ions is synchronous with the leading-out voltage applied during the leading-out of the stable ions.
In summary, the initial state of the ion groups generated by the ion source has a reduced mass spectrum performance due to spatial dispersion (each ion in the ion groups is not in the same plane), kinetic energy dispersion (each ion in the ion groups has different kinetic energy), and time dispersion (each ion in the ion groups has different generation time), and the method for adjusting the initial state of the ion groups provided by the application is to uniformly adjust the ion state by adsorbing the ion groups generated by the ion source on the same surface of the substrate 103. After the ions are stabilized, the ions are desorbed and led out, and the ions are led out by the same voltage due to the simultaneous movement of the ions on the same plane, so that the ion storage device has a good consistent state, the initial space, kinetic energy and time dispersion of the ion clusters are eliminated, and then the ions are desorbed under the action of electric field pulse, so that the ion clusters with a more concentrated state are realized for subsequent analysis. Compared with the existing ion state adjusting technology, the method has the following technical effects: the desorbed stable ions start from the same plane, so that the space dispersion can be well eliminated. The desorbed stable ions are extracted by the same voltage so the ions will have the same kinetic energy, thus eliminating kinetic energy dispersion. The desorbed stable ions are simultaneously extracted by the pulsed voltage so that the ions will start to move simultaneously, thus eliminating time dispersion.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of adjusting an initial state of an ion mass, comprising:
Injecting an ion cluster generated by an ion source into an adsorption cavity formed between the substrate and the extraction electrode;
Adsorbing the ion groups to the surface of the substrate, and desorbing the stable ions adsorbed to the surface of the substrate after the ion groups are stable;
the desorbed stable ions are led out through the leading-out electrode.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ion clusters are injected into the adsorption chamber in a direction parallel to the substrate or in a direction of 1-90 ° to the substrate.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the means for introducing the ion clusters into the adsorption chamber comprises pulsed introduction, continuous flow introduction, or generation directly above the substrate.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the ion clusters are pulsed or continuously pulsed using an ion transport system comprising an introduction electrode and a collision cell provided with an N pole, the substrate being disposed at the end of the N pole.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the N pole is a quadrupole pole, a hexapole pole or an octapole.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the adsorbing comprises applying a voltage to the adsorption chamber of opposite polarity to the charge of the ion clusters to adsorb the ion clusters to the surface of the substrate; or adsorbing the ion clusters to the surface of the substrate with a gas flow purge.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the desorption extraction comprises applying electric field desorption, thermal desorption or air flow pushing.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is disposed parallel to the extraction electrode.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the material of the substrate comprises an insulator or a semiconductor.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pulse applied when the ion mass is introduced is synchronized with the adsorption voltage applied when the ion mass is adsorbed, and the desorption voltage applied when the stable ion is desorbed is synchronized with the extraction voltage applied when the stable ion is extracted.
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