CN115163291A - an air turbo system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an air turbocharging system, which comprises an exhaust gas turbine module, an air supercharger, a power transmission module and a lubricating module, wherein the exhaust gas turbine module is connected with an exhaust port of a combustion chamber of an engine, and a turbine rotor of the exhaust gas turbine module is driven by exhaust gas discharged by the engine to generate torque; the power transmission module is arranged between the exhaust gas turbine module and the air supercharger and used for transmitting torque; the lubricating module is arranged in a machine cover of the air supercharger; the air supercharger is driven by the power transmission module to supercharge the entering fresh air and convey the fresh air to the combustion chamber of the engine. According to the invention, the bearing seat is arranged in the space surrounded by the air supercharger cover, so that the axial length is effectively reduced, and the space waste is reduced; the independent lubricating module of the invention adopts the special lubricating oil of the supercharger, thereby preventing the problem of poor lubricating performance caused by lubricating the supercharger by using the lubricating oil of the engine.

Description

an air turbo system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and in particular relates to a novel air turbocharging system adopting a new layout and a lubrication system.

Background technique

In the overall structure, the current turbocharger can be divided into three parts: the compressor, the intermediate body, the turbine, the compressor and the turbine are respectively installed and fixed on the intake pipe and exhaust manifold of the engine. The turbine uses the inertial impulse of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine to push the turbine in the turbine chamber, and the turbine drives the coaxial compressor impeller. The impeller presses the air sent from the air filter pipeline to pressurize it into the cylinder; the intermediate is responsible for lubrication and power transmission.

The turbocharger operates at higher loads and its internal temperature can reach 750°C. In order to ensure that the temperature of the floating ring bearing does not exceed the specified value, the turbocharger intermediate body needs a good lubrication system. The lubrication system is mainly composed of oil outlet, oil inlet, floating ring bearing, center rotor and oil passage.

The current turbocharger lubrication system uses the overflow bearing system that relies on the engine lubrication system. Its working principle and process are as follows: first, the lubricating oil enters the lubricating oil passage of the turbocharger from the oil inlet of the turbocharger; then, The lubricating oil enters the turbocharger through the lubricating oil passage, and enters the floating ring bearing and the central rotor part through the oil passage; finally, the floating ring bearing is driven to run under the high-speed operation of the central rotor of the turbocharger. Since the floating ring bearing is mainly composed of a floating ring and a lubricating oil hole, the lubricating oil enters between the bearing bush and the floating ring, and enters between the floating ring and the central rotor through the lubricating oil hole, and the lubricating oil gradually forms a lubricating oil film in the floating ring bearing, making the The turbocharger operates normally.

Traditional turbocharger lubrication systems use overflow journal or ball bearings located between the turbine and compressor housings. This bearing assembly is mounted vertically in the engine's lubrication system from which hot oil is continuously pumped. In many cases, especially for mass-produced turbocharged engines, this bearing assembly has separate cavities through which the engine's coolant can flow to help cool the bearings.

This type of lubrication system does not lubricate well during a hot shutdown: first, too much oil creates more drag; second, the oil is not specifically designed for high-speed ball bearing aftermarket turbochargers, so Optimal lubrication conditions cannot be provided; thirdly, when the turbocharged engine is not running smoothly, the oil and turbine can reach extreme temperatures. In these cases, shutting down the engine stops the oil flow, allowing the lubricant to remain in the turbine and burn, causing bearing wear and premature turbine failure; fourth, the lubrication system and bearings are close to the exhaust turbine system, the hot end of the overall system And located in the middle of the whole system, it is easily affected by the hot end, and it is difficult to use air convection to cool down.

In addition, such an overall system layout will also bring about adverse effects on the force. Because the engine has requirements for the air intake temperature, it cannot be too high or too low, so after the air is turbocharged, a long condensation pipe is required to connect to the engine intake. The condensing pipe is not rigid and its load-bearing capacity is weak. In the traditional layout, since the traditional structure is located in the middle, and the heavier air supercharger and exhaust gas turbine are divided into the left and right ends, the overall weight distribution is evenly distributed at both ends. Therefore, the condensing pipe port connecting the air supercharging end needs to bear nearly half of the weight of the system, which can easily cause damage to the system structure and cause strong vibrations.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes an air turbocharging system, and the specific technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

An air turbocharging system includes an exhaust gas turbine module, an air supercharger, a power transmission module and a lubrication module, wherein,

The exhaust gas turbine module is connected to the exhaust port of the engine combustion chamber, and the turbine rotor of the exhaust gas turbine module is driven by the exhaust gas discharged from the engine to generate torque;

the power transmission module is arranged between the exhaust gas turbine module and the air supercharger for transmitting torque; the lubricating module is arranged in the cover of the air supercharger;

The air booster, driven by the power transmission module, pressurizes the incoming fresh air and delivers it to the engine combustion chamber.

Further, the exhaust gas turbine module includes a turbine casing with a turbine rotor arranged inside, and the turbine casing is provided with an exhaust gas intake port and an exhaust gas exhaust port, and the exhaust gas intake port is used for receiving the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber of the engine, The exhaust gas exhaust port is used to discharge exhaust gas.

Further, in the air supercharger, the cover is butted with the turbine casing of the exhaust gas turbine module to form an integral casing of the air turbocharger system, an impeller is arranged inside the cover, and at the same time, the lubrication module is Installed in the cover, fresh air enters from the air inlet, and is pressurized by the impeller and then delivered to the air inlet of the combustion chamber of the engine.

Further, the power transmission module includes a transmission shaft, a ball roller bearing and a bearing seat,

The bearing seat is fixed at the axial position of the cover of the air supercharger, an oil suction pipe is arranged inside, the ball roller bearing is installed on the bearing seat, and the transmission shaft is axially installed and fixed by interference fit On the inner ring of the ball roller bearing; the impeller of the air supercharger is in close proximity to the turbine rotor of the exhaust gas turbine module, and the two are mounted on the transmission shaft through a key connection.

Further, the lubricating module includes an oil storage chamber and an oil suction rope, wherein the cavity shell of the oil storage chamber is cast on the cover of the air booster, and the interior is filled with lubricating oil; the oil suction rope is arranged on the In the bearing seat, one end is immersed in the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber, and the other end is in a loose state. lubricating.

Further, the oil-absorbing rope is made of polypropylene as the main rope, and the polypropylene fiber braided auxiliary rope is wound around the main rope.

Further, a heat insulating layer is laid on the side of the turbine casing of the exhaust gas turbine module close to the impeller, the heat insulating layer uses a vacuum heat insulation board as a base layer, and a layer of glass fiber is laid on both sides of the base layer.

Further, the cover of the air supercharger and the turbine casing of the exhaust gas turbine module are connected by a clamp, and the outer side of the clamp is made of alloy steel material, which is matched with the cover of the air supercharger and all the parts. The outer edge of the turbine casing of the exhaust gas turbine module is cast, and the inner side is sealed with a rubber ring.

Further, there are two oil suction ropes, which are respectively arranged in the two oil suction pipes in the bearing seat.

There are two oil suction ropes, which are respectively arranged in the two oil suction pipes in the bearing seat.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention changes the layout, changes the bearing seat from the position between the air supercharger and the exhaust gas turbine module to the axial position of the cover of the air supercharger, and installs the bearing seat in the space surrounded by the air supercharger cover Compared with the traditional method, the bearing seat is installed between the air booster cover and the exhaust gas turbine casing, which effectively reduces the axial length and reduces the waste of space; at the same time, because the turbine casing of the exhaust gas turbine module is suspended at the same time Air supercharger, power transmission module and lubrication module, the present invention changes the main force from being equally distributed to the engine air inlet and exhaust port to being supported on the engine exhaust manifold unilaterally, which effectively reduces the structural deformation. possibility.

2. The present invention designs an independent lubricating module and adopts special supercharger lubricating oil to prevent the problem of poor lubricating performance caused by the use of engine lubricating oil to lubricate the supercharger.

3. The present invention uses the oil suction rope to inhale the oil mist to lubricate the ball roller bearing. Compared with the traditional method, the bearing is immersed in the lubricating oil, which effectively reduces the resistance of the bearing operation, avoids the use of overflow design, and realizes almost no friction. independent bearing lubrication system.

4. In the present invention, the entire lubricating system is arranged on both sides of the intake and exhaust passages, which will not block the gas exchange process of the supercharging system. After the engine is stopped, the problem of overheating of the lubricating oil caused by the stop of the heat convection exchange will not occur, and the problem of overheating of the lubricating oil will also be avoided. It solves the defect that the structure of the turbo timer is complicated and easy to be damaged.

5. In the present invention, the bearing seat is in full contact with the outside air, and the outside air convection can be fully utilized to cool down.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and the features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by referring to the drawings. , the accompanying drawings are schematic and should not be construed as any limitation to the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort. in:

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a turbocharged system with a traditional layout;

Fig. 2 is the sectional flow schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 3 is an axonometric view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the exploded view of the present invention;

Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the lubrication system;

Figure 6 is an axonometric view of the oil suction rope.

Description of reference numbers:

1- Cover, 2- Oil suction rope, 3- Oil storage chamber, 4- Clamp, 5- Insulation layer, 6- Turbine casing, 7- Exhaust gas outlet, 8- Turbine rotor, 9- Exhaust gas intake Port, 10-drive shaft, 11-impeller, 12-oil suction pipe, 13-ball roller bearing, 14-bearing seat, 15-air inlet.

Detailed ways

In order to understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict.

Many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific details disclosed below. Example limitations.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a cross-sectional view of a turbocharged system with a traditional layout. The bearing seat is between the air compressor and the exhaust gas turbine, and the heavier air supercharger and the exhaust gas turbine are divided at the left and right ends, and the overall weight distribution is evenly divided. At both ends, the condensing pipe port connecting the air pressurizing end needs to bear nearly half of the weight of the system, which can easily cause structural damage to the system and also cause strong vibrations.

The present invention aims to design a turbocharger system with a new structure. By changing the layout, the bearing seat is changed from the position between the air supercharger and the exhaust gas turbine module to the position of the shaft center of the cover of the air supercharger. The bearing seat is installed in the space surrounded by the air booster cover. Compared with the traditional method of installing the bearing seat between the air booster cover and the exhaust gas turbine casing, the axial length is effectively reduced and space waste is reduced; At the same time, since the turbine casing of the exhaust gas turbine module hangs the air supercharger, the power transmission module and the lubricating module at the same time, the present invention changes the main force from being equally distributed to the engine air intake and exhaust port to being supported on one side by one side. On the engine exhaust manifold, the possibility of structural deformation is effectively reduced.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 2-3, an air turbocharging system includes an exhaust gas turbine module, an air supercharger, a power transmission module and a lubrication module, wherein,

The exhaust gas turbine module is connected to the exhaust port of the engine combustion chamber, and the turbine rotor 8 of the exhaust gas turbine module is driven by the exhaust gas discharged from the engine to generate torque;

The power transmission module is arranged between the exhaust gas turbine module and the air supercharger for transmitting torque; the lubrication module is arranged in the cover 1 of the air supercharger;

The air booster, driven by the powertrain module, pressurizes the incoming fresh air and delivers it to the engine combustion chamber.

Since the oil injection system is separate from the engine, a suitable lubricant can be used for the precision ball bearings instead of the engine oil, which can fully utilize the outside air for cooling and reduce the heat transfer at the turbine end of the exhaust gas.

In some embodiments, the exhaust gas turbine module includes a turbine casing 6 with a turbine rotor 8 disposed therein, the turbine casing 6 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 9 and an exhaust gas outlet 7, and the exhaust gas inlet 9 is used to receive engine combustion The exhaust gas discharged from the chamber, and the exhaust gas exhaust port 7 is used to discharge the exhaust gas.

In some embodiments, in the air supercharger, the cover 1 is butted with the turbine casing 6 of the exhaust gas turbine module to form an integral casing of the air turbocharger system, the impeller 11 is arranged inside the cover 1, and at the same time, the lubrication module is installed in the engine Inside the cover 1 , fresh air enters from the air inlet 15 , and is pressurized by the impeller 11 and then delivered to the air inlet of the combustion chamber of the engine.

In some embodiments, the power transmission module includes a transmission shaft 10, a ball roller bearing 13 and a bearing seat 14. The bearing seat 14 is fixed at the axial center position of the cover 1 of the air supercharger, and an oil suction pipe 12 is arranged inside. The ball roller bearing 13 is installed on the bearing seat 14, the transmission shaft 10 is axially installed and fixed on the inner ring of the ball roller bearing 13 through interference fit; the impeller 11 is close to the turbine rotor 8, and the two are installed on the on the drive shaft 10.

Preferably, the impeller 11 of the air supercharger and the rotor 8 of the exhaust gas turbine module are directly cast and fixed to the transmission shaft 10 as one part.

Change the bearing seat from the position between the air supercharger and the exhaust gas turbine module to the position of the shaft center of the air supercharger cover, and install the bearing seat in the space surrounded by the air supercharger cover, compared with the traditional method The bearing seat is installed between the air booster cover and the exhaust turbine casing, which effectively reduces the axial length and reduces space waste.

The entire lubrication system is arranged on both sides of the intake and exhaust passages, which will not block the gas exchange process of the supercharging system. After the engine is stopped, the problem of overheating of the lubricating oil caused by the stop of the heat convection exchange will not occur, and the turbo timer structure is also avoided. Complex and easily damaged defects.

In some embodiments, the lubricating module includes an oil storage chamber 3 and an oil suction rope 2, wherein the cavity shell of the oil storage chamber 3 is cast on the cover 1 of the air booster, and the interior is filled with lubricating oil; the oil suction rope 2 is arranged on the In the bearing seat 14 , one end is immersed in the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 3 , and the other end is in a loose state. Compared with the traditional method of immersing the bearing in lubricating oil, the resistance of the bearing running is effectively reduced, the overflow design is avoided, and an almost frictionless independent bearing lubrication system is realized.

In some embodiments, the oil absorbing rope 2 is mainly made of polypropylene, and the auxiliary ropes woven with polypropylene fibers are wound around the main rope.

In some embodiments, in order to prevent the high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust gas turbine module from heating the air supercharger and the transmission system, resulting in abnormal operation of the transmission lubrication system, a thermal insulation layer 5 is laid on the side of the turbine casing 6 of the exhaust gas turbine module close to the impeller 11 . , the insulation layer 5 is based on a vacuum insulation board, and a layer of glass fiber is laid on both sides of the base layer.

In some embodiments, in order to prevent air leakage caused by the insufficiency of the internal connection, the cover 1 of the air supercharger and the turbine casing 6 of the exhaust gas turbine module are connected by a clamp 4, and the outer side of the clamp 4 is made of alloy steel, which is matched with The cover 1 of the air supercharger and the outer edge of the turbine casing 6 of the exhaust gas turbine module are cast, and the inner side is sealed with a rubber ring.

In some embodiments, there are two oil suction ropes 2 , which are respectively arranged in the two oil suction pipes 12 in the bearing seat 14 .

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of the two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the first and second features in direct contact, or may include the first and second features Not directly but through additional features between them. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature is "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless expressly limited otherwise.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. an air turbocharging system, is characterized in that, comprises exhaust gas turbine module, air supercharger, power transmission module and lubricating module, wherein, The exhaust gas turbine module is connected to the exhaust port of the engine combustion chamber, and the turbine rotor (8) of the exhaust gas turbine module is driven by the exhaust gas discharged from the engine to generate torque; The power transmission module is arranged between the exhaust gas turbine module and the air supercharger for transmitting torque; the lubrication module is arranged in the cover (1) of the air supercharger; The air booster, driven by the power transmission module, pressurizes the incoming fresh air and delivers it to the engine combustion chamber. 2. The air turbocharging system according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas turbine module comprises a turbine casing (6) with a turbine rotor (8) arranged inside, and the turbine casing (6) is provided with exhaust gas An intake port (9) and an exhaust gas exhaust port (7), the exhaust gas intake port (9) is used for receiving the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber of the engine, and the exhaust gas exhaust port (7) is used for discharging the exhaust gas. 3. The air turbocharging system according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the air supercharger, the cover (1) is butted with the turbine casing (6) of the exhaust gas turbine module to form air An integral casing of a turbocharging system, an impeller (11) is arranged inside the cover (1), and at the same time, the lubrication module is installed in the cover (1), and fresh air enters from an air inlet (15) , driven by the impeller (11), pressurized and then delivered to the intake port of the engine combustion chamber. 4. The air turbocharging system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the power transmission module comprises a transmission shaft (10), a ball roller bearing (13) and a bearing seat (14), The bearing seat (14) is fixed at the axial center position of the cover (1) of the air supercharger, an oil suction pipe (12) is arranged inside, and the ball roller bearing (13) is mounted on the bearing seat (14) ), the drive shaft (10) is axially mounted and fixed on the inner ring of the ball roller bearing (13) through an interference fit; the impeller (11) of the air supercharger and the exhaust gas turbine The turbine rotors (8) of the modules are adjacent to each other, and the two are mounted on the transmission shaft (10) through a key connection. 5. The air turbocharging system according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the lubrication module comprises an oil storage chamber (3) and an oil suction rope (2), wherein the oil storage chamber (3) ) cavity shell is cast on the cover (1) of the air supercharger, and lubricating oil is filled inside; the oil suction rope (2) is arranged in the bearing seat (14), and one end is immersed in the storage tank (14). The other end of the lubricating oil in the oil chamber (3) is in a loose state, and the lubricating oil sucked from the oil storage chamber (3) is dispersed into oil mist to lubricate the ball roller bearing (13). 6 . The air turbocharging system according to claim 5 , wherein the oil suction rope ( 2 ) is made of polypropylene as the main rope, and a polypropylene fiber braided auxiliary rope is wound around the main rope. 7 . 7. The air turbocharging system according to claim 3, characterized in that, a heat insulating layer (5) is laid on the side of the turbine casing (6) of the exhaust gas turbine module close to the impeller (11), so The heat insulating layer (5) uses a vacuum heat insulating board as a base layer, and a layer of glass fiber is laid on both sides of the base layer. 8. The air turbocharging system according to claim 3, characterized in that the cover (1) of the air supercharger and the turbine casing (6) of the exhaust gas turbine module pass through a clamp (4) For connection, the outer side of the clamp (4) is made of alloy steel, which is cast together with the cover (1) of the air supercharger and the outer edge of the turbine casing (6) of the exhaust gas turbine module. Rubber ring seal. 9 . The air turbocharging system according to claim 5 , characterized in that there are two oil suction ropes ( 2 ), which are respectively provided in the two oil suction pipes ( 12 ) in the bearing seat ( 14 ). 10 . )middle.

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